CN114839754A - Multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for a microscope, which solves the problem that the existing microscope is difficult to realize multiple types of excitation light sources through the same input port, and has compact structure and uniform illumination. The device comprises a multi-light-path switching assembly and a laser beam expanding assembly, wherein the multi-light-path switching assembly comprises an electric double-mirror switching module and a light source introducing module, excitation light beams of a plurality of light sources can be switched through the electric double-mirror switching module, the light sources are introduced into a microscope by the light source introducing module to carry out sample detection, and meanwhile, the switching and introduction of 3 different light sources can be realized; the lens assembly in the electric double-lens switching module adopts a dichroic lens to combine and split excitation light beams emitted by different light sources, so that the multi-wavelength detection of the sample is carried out; the laser beam expanding assembly can realize the introduction test of collimated laser and realize the excitation of a light source with a specific wave band.

Description

Multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for microscope

Technical Field

The invention relates to a laser-introduced multi-light-path switching device for a microscope, belonging to the technical field of optical imaging and illumination.

Background

Microscopic imaging refers to a technique for obtaining an enlarged image after a tiny sample is transmitted or reflected by a light beam. The sample is usually illuminated with white light and the image contrast depends on the absorption of light at different parts of the sample. The biggest disadvantage of this method is that most biological samples have low contrast and low resolution due to the interference of defocus information, for example, when the sample has complex components and uneven absorption of the same light, and when other non-observed objects have stronger absorption of light, the object to be observed is covered by other stray light, resulting in low imaging resolution, so that the sample characteristics can be better highlighted by using different excitation light sources for the microscope to realize the microscopic fluorescence imaging. However, the existing microscope generally adopts different input ports to realize the introduction of multiple types of excitation light sources, and the requirement on the expansibility of an imaging platform is high due to too many occupied ports. In addition, the light source for the microscope at present is a wide-band light source such as a xenon lamp, a mercury lamp, a halogen tungsten lamp and the like, and when some samples needing specific band excitation are subjected to microscopic observation imaging, other bands need to be filtered by using an optical filter, so that only a fluorescent fiberscope is expanded with an assembly capable of inserting the optical filter; if the collimated laser with a specific wave band is introduced to directly excite a sample, the specific wave band excitation of the sample can be realized by a common microscope, when the sample is observed by the microscope, the light intensity is generally required to be adjusted according to external light, a clearer imaging effect is obtained, and the collimated laser has small light spot and large power density, and the linear adjustment of the power is difficult to realize in a limited light spot range. Therefore, if a microscope is designed, the light path introducing device of the microscope can introduce the collimated laser and adjust the light intensity of the collimated laser, can also introduce multiple light sources and realize the automatic light path switching function, and can greatly expand the application of the common microscope in the observation of various material microstructures.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a multi-light-path switching device capable of introducing laser for a microscope, which can be used for introducing collimated laser and adjusting light intensity, and can also be used for introducing multiple light sources and realizing automatic switching of light paths, so that a common microscope can meet the observation of microstructures of various materials.

The multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for the microscope mainly comprises a multi-light-path switching assembly and a laser beam expanding assembly:

the multi-light-path switching assembly comprises an electric double-mirror switching module and a light source introducing module:

the electric double-lens switching module comprises a light source coupling frame, two lens assemblies, two stepping motors, a motor protection box and a communication interface; the light source coupling frame comprises a top cover and four-side coupling frames, the top cover and the four-side coupling frames form an open cubic structure, each side of each four-side coupling frame is provided with an assembling hole, the assembling hole in one side is used for installing the light source introducing module, and the assembling holes in the other sides are used for coupling various light sources; the two lens assembly parts are respectively installed on output shafts of the two stepping motors, and the stepping motors are used for driving the lens assembly parts to rotate by an angle, so that the lens assembly parts and the side surfaces of the four-surface coupling frame are switched between 0 degree and 45 degrees; the two stepping motors are installed in the motor protection box, a communication interface is arranged on the motor protection box, and software communication is adopted to independently control the two stepping motors respectively.

The light source introducing module comprises an electric adjusting diaphragm, a switching flange and a light beam introducing lens cone, wherein the electric adjusting diaphragm is arranged in an assembling hole on one surface of the four-surface coupling frame and is connected with the switching flange and used for adjusting the light intensity of an exciting light beam; one end of the light beam introducing lens barrel is mounted on the adapter flange, and the other end of the light beam introducing lens barrel is connected to a microscope and used for introducing excitation light beams. The light beam introducing lens barrel comprises a lens barrel and a focusing lens, wherein the focusing lens is positioned in the lens barrel, and the focal length of the focusing lens is equal to the axial distance from the focusing lens to the back focal plane of the microscope optical objective. The excitation light beam reflected by the lens assembly is converged on the back focal plane of the optical objective through the focusing lens, so that the light beam meets the Kohler illumination condition.

Further, the lens used by the lens assembly may be a mirror or a dichroic lens. The mirror plate may reflect the light beam irradiated on the mirror plate. The dichroic mirror can be used for splitting or combining light; when the light beams are combined, one light beam smaller than the cut-off wavelength is emitted after penetrating through the dichroic mirror, and the other light beam larger than the cut-off wavelength is reflected by the dichroic mirror to be combined.

The laser beam expanding assembly comprises a mounting seat, a first reflector, a beam expanding lens barrel and a second reflector; the mounting seat is used for mounting and fixing the first reflector, the beam expanding lens barrel and the second reflector and is connected with the electric double-mirror switching module; the first reflector is arranged at the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel and used for reflecting collimated laser to enter the beam expanding lens barrel, and the incidence position of the collimated laser can be adjusted by adjusting the installation angle of the first reflector; the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel is provided with a concave lens, the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel is provided with a convex lens, collimated laser enters the beam expanding lens barrel through the concave lens at the input end to be changed into a divergent beam and then the divergent beam passes through the convex lens at the output end to be changed into a large-area parallel excitation beam; the second reflector is arranged at the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel and used for reflecting the parallel excitation light beams emitted from the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel to enter the electric double-mirror switching module, and the installation angle of the second reflector is adjusted so as to adjust the incident angle of the parallel excitation light beams.

The invention has the advantages of

1. The invention discloses a multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for a microscope.

2. The invention discloses a multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for a microscope, which adopts software communication pairs to respectively and independently control a stepping motor to drive the rotation angle of a lens assembly, so that the lens assembly and the side surfaces of four coupling frames are switched between 0 degree and 45 degrees, the operation is simple, the light path switching is accurate and stable, and the test time and the test error are reduced.

3. The invention discloses a multi-light-path switching device capable of being introduced by laser for a microscope, wherein the focal length of a focusing lens is equal to the axial distance from the focusing lens to the back focal plane of an optical objective in the microscope through a reflecting surface, so that the kohler illumination condition is met, and the wide-field uniform illumination can be realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a laser-guided multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 2 is an external view of a multi-optical path switching module of a laser-insertable multi-optical path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 3 is an external view of a laser beam expanding assembly of a laser-guided multi-light-path switching device for a microscope

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the installation of the lens assembly and stepping motor of the laser-guided multi-optical-path switching device for a microscope

FIG. 5 is a first embodiment of a laser-incorporable multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 6 is a second embodiment of a laser-insertable multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 7 is a third embodiment of a laser-incorporable multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 8 is a fourth embodiment of a laser-insertable multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 9 is a fifth embodiment of a laser-insertable multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 10 is a sixth embodiment of a laser-insertable multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a kohler illumination path for a light beam introduced into a lens barrel

In the figure, 1, a mounting base, 2, a first reflector, 3, a beam expanding lens barrel, 3-1, a concave lens, 3-2, a convex lens, 4, a second reflector, 5, an electric double-lens switching module, 5-1, a light source coupling frame, 5-2, a lens assembly, 5-3, a stepping motor, 5-4, a motor protective box, 5-5, a communication interface, 6, an electric adjusting diaphragm, 7, an adapter flange, 8, a light beam introducing lens barrel, 8-1, 8-2, a focusing lens, 9, a microscope optical objective lens and 10, a sample to be measured are arranged in sequence, wherein the light beam introducing lens barrel is arranged in the light source coupling frame, and the light beam introducing lens barrel is arranged in the light source

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the following examples are only illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the technologies realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a laser-introducible multi-light-path switching apparatus for a microscope, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the apparatus including:

the laser-introducible multi-light-path switching device for the microscope comprises a multi-light-path switching assembly and a laser beam expanding assembly:

the multi-light-path switching assembly comprises an electric double-mirror switching module and a light source introducing module:

the electric double-lens switching module comprises a light source coupling frame 5-1, two lens assemblies 5-2, two stepping motors 5-3, a motor protection box 5-4 and a communication interface 5-5; the light source coupling frame 5-1 comprises a top cover and four-side coupling frames, the top cover and the four-side coupling frames form an open cubic structure, each side of the four-side coupling frames is provided with an assembling hole, the assembling hole on one side is used for installing a light source introducing module, and the assembling holes on the rest sides are used for coupling various light sources; the two lens assembly parts 5-2 are respectively arranged on output shafts of the two stepping motors 5-3, and the stepping motors 5-3 are used for driving the lens assembly parts 5-2 to rotate, so that the lens assembly parts 5-2 and the side surfaces of the four-surface coupling frame are switched between 0 degree and 45 degrees; the two stepping motors 5-3 are arranged in a motor protection box 5-4, a communication interface 5-5 is arranged on the motor protection box 5-4, and the two stepping motors 5-3 are independently controlled by software communication respectively.

The light source introducing module comprises an electric adjusting diaphragm 6, a switching flange 7 and a light beam introducing lens barrel 8, wherein the electric adjusting diaphragm 6 is arranged in an assembling hole on one surface of the four-surface coupling frame and is connected with the switching flange 7 and used for adjusting the light intensity of the exciting light beam; one end of the light beam introducing lens barrel 8 is arranged on the adapter flange 7, and the other end is connected to the microscope and used for introducing the excitation light beam. The light beam introducing lens barrel 8 comprises a lens barrel 8-1 and a focusing lens 8-2, the focusing lens 8-2 is positioned in the lens barrel 8-1, and the focal length of the focusing lens 8-2 is equal to the axial distance from the focusing lens 8-2 to the back focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9. The excited light beam is converged on the back focal plane of the optical objective lens through the focusing lens 8-2, so that the light beam meets the kohler illumination condition.

Further, the mirror plate used in the mirror plate assembly 5-2 may be a mirror plate or a dichroic mirror plate. The mirror plate may reflect the light beam irradiated on the mirror plate. The dichroic mirror can be used for splitting or combining light; when the light beams are combined, one light beam smaller than the cut-off wavelength is emitted after penetrating through the dichroic mirror, and the other light beam larger than the cut-off wavelength is reflected by the dichroic mirror to be combined.

The laser beam expanding assembly comprises a mounting seat 1, a first reflector 2, a beam expanding lens barrel 3 and a second reflector 4; the mounting seat 1 is used for mounting and fixing the first reflector 2, the beam expanding lens barrel 3 and the second reflector 4 and is connected with the electric double-reflector switching module; the first reflector 2 is arranged at the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 and used for reflecting the collimated laser to enter the beam expanding lens barrel 3, and the incidence position of the collimated laser can be adjusted by adjusting the installation angle of the first reflector 2; the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 is provided with a concave lens 3-1, the output end is provided with a convex lens 3-2, collimated laser enters the beam expanding lens barrel 3 through the concave lens 3-1 at the input end to be changed into divergent light beams, and then the divergent light beams are changed into parallel excitation light beams with large area through the convex lens 3-2 at the output end; the second reflector 4 is arranged at the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 and used for reflecting the parallel excitation light beam emitted from the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 to enter the electric double-reflector switching module, and the installation angle of the second reflector 4 is adjusted to adjust the incident angle of the parallel excitation light beam.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the entire one of the laser-introducible multi-light-path switching devices for a microscope is assembled on the microscope, the lens barrel 8-1 and the focusing lens 8-2 are located inside the microscope, and the remaining components are outside the microscope.

Example 1

Fig. 5 shows a first embodiment of a laser-introducible multi-light-path switching device for a microscope, a light source a, a light source b and a light source c are respectively connected to the other assembly holes of the four-side coupling frame of the light source coupling frame 5-1 except the mounting light beam introduction lens barrel 8, a reflection lens is adopted as a lens on the lens assembly 5-2, and the excitation light beams emitted by the light source a, the light source b and the light source c can be electrically and accurately switched by the stepping motor 5-3 to irradiate the sample 10 to be tested, so that the sample 10 to be tested is excited by the excitation light beams emitted by the light source a to perform testing. As shown in fig. 5, the stepping motor 5-3b is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft of the stepping motor drives the lens assembly 5-2b to rotate counterclockwise by 45 degrees to the side surface of the light source coupling frame 5-1, and the stepping motor 5-3a is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft of the stepping motor drives the lens assembly 5-2a to rotate counterclockwise to the position of the diagonal line of the center of the light source coupling frame 5-1. After being reflected by the lens assembly 5-2a, an excitation light beam emitted by the light source a is led into the lens barrel 8 through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6, the adapter flange 7 and the light beam in sequence, and is converged on a rear focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9 by the focusing lens 8-2, the wide field uniformly illuminates a sample 10 to be measured, and the light intensity of the excitation light beam is adjusted through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6 to obtain a clear microscopic image.

Example 2

Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of a laser-introducible multi-light-path switching device for a microscope, wherein a light source a, a light source b and a light source c are respectively connected to the other assembly holes of the four-side coupling frame of the light source coupling frame 5-1 except the mounting light beam introduction lens barrel 8, a reflection lens is adopted as a lens on the lens assembly 5-2, and the excitation light beams emitted by the light source a, the light source b and the light source c can be electrically and accurately switched by the stepping motor 5-3 to irradiate the sample 10 to be tested, so that the sample 10 to be tested is excited by the excitation light beams emitted by the light source b to perform the test. As shown in fig. 6, the step motor 5-3b is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2b to rotate counterclockwise by 45 ° to the side surface of the light source coupling frame 5-1, and the step motor 5-3a is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2a to rotate clockwise by 45 ° to the side surface of the light source coupling frame 5-1. The excitation light beam emitted by the light source b is led into the lens barrel 8 through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6, the adapter flange 7 and the light beam in sequence, is converged on the rear focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9 by the focusing lens 8-2, the wide field uniformly illuminates a sample 10 to be measured, and the light intensity of the excitation light beam is adjusted through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6 to obtain a clear microscopic image.

Example 3

Fig. 7 shows a third embodiment of a laser-introducible multi-light-path switching device for a microscope, wherein a light source a, a light source b and a light source c are respectively connected to the other assembly holes of the four-side coupling frame of the light source coupling frame 5-1 except the mounting light beam introduction lens barrel 8, a reflection lens is adopted as a lens on the lens assembly 5-2, and the excitation light beams emitted by the light source a, the light source b and the light source c can be electrically and accurately switched by the stepping motor 5-3 to irradiate the sample 10 to be tested, so that the sample 10 to be tested is excited by the excitation light beams emitted by the light source c to perform the test. As shown in fig. 7, the stepping motor 5-3a is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2a to rotate counterclockwise to the side of the light source coupling frame 5-1, and the stepping motor 5-3b is controlled by a program to operate, and the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2b to rotate clockwise by 45 ° to the position of the diagonal line of the center of the light source coupling frame 5-1. After being reflected by the lens assembly 5-2b, an excitation light beam emitted by the light source c is led into the lens barrel 8 through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6, the adapter flange 7 and the light beam in sequence, is converged on a rear focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9 by the focusing lens 8-2, uniformly illuminates a sample 10 to be measured in a wide field, and adjusts the light intensity of the excitation light beam through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6 to obtain a clear microscopic image.

Example 4

Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of a laser-introducible multi-light-path switching device for a microscope, wherein a light source a, a light source b and a light source c are respectively connected to each of the other assembly holes of a light source coupling rack 5-1 except for an installation light beam introduction lens barrel 8, a dichroic lens is adopted as a lens on a lens assembly 5-2, and a sample 10 to be tested can be electrically and accurately switched by a stepping motor 5-3, wherein the light with the wavelength longer than the cut-off wavelength of an excitation beam emitted by the light source a or the light source c is reflected by the dichroic mirror to irradiate the sample 10 to be tested, so that the sample 10 to be tested is excited by the light with the wavelength longer than the cut-off wavelength of the dichroic mirror in the excitation beam emitted by the light source a or the light source c. As shown in fig. 8, the step motor 5-3b is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2b to rotate counterclockwise to the side of the light source coupling frame 5-1, and the step motor 5-3a is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2a to rotate counterclockwise by 45 ° to the diagonal position of the center of the light source coupling frame 5-1. Light with a wavelength smaller than a cut-off wavelength in excitation light emitted by a light source a is emitted through a dichroic mirror on a lens assembly 5-2a, light with a wavelength larger than the cut-off wavelength is reflected through the dichroic mirror on the lens assembly 5-2a, then is guided into a lens barrel 8 through an electric adjusting diaphragm 6, an adapter flange 7 and the light beam, and is converged on a focal plane behind an optical objective lens 9 of the microscope by a focusing lens 8-2, a sample 10 to be detected is uniformly illuminated in a wide field, and the light intensity of the excitation light beam is adjusted through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6, so that a clear microscopic image is obtained. When the sample 10 to be tested is excited by the light emitted by the light source c, which is larger than the cut-off wavelength of the dichroic mirror, the rotation scheme of the lens assembly 5-2 is the same as that of the embodiment 3.

Example 5

Fig. 9 shows a fifth embodiment of a multi-optical-path switching device for a microscope, in which a light source a, a light source b and a light source c are respectively connected to the other assembly holes of the four-side coupling frame of the light source coupling frame 5-1 except the mounting light beam introducing lens barrel 8, a dichroic lens is adopted as the lens assembly 5-2, and the combination of the light source a and the light source b or the combination of the light source c and the light source b can be electrically and accurately switched by the stepping motor 5-3, so that the multiband excitation of a sample to be tested 10 is realized. As shown in fig. 9, the step motor 5-3b is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2b to rotate counterclockwise to the side of the light source coupling frame 5-1, and the step motor 5-3a is controlled by a program to operate, the output shaft thereof drives the lens assembly 5-2a to rotate counterclockwise by 45 ° to the position of the diagonal line of the center of the light source coupling frame 5-1. Light with a wavelength smaller than the cut-off wavelength in the excitation light emitted by the light source a is emitted through the dichroic mirror sheet on the lens assembly 5-2a, and light with a wavelength larger than the cut-off wavelength is reflected through the dichroic mirror sheet on the lens assembly 5-2 a; light with a wavelength smaller than a cut-off wavelength in an excitation beam emitted by the light source b is emitted through the dichroic mirror on the lens assembly 5-2a, and is combined with light with a wavelength larger than the cut-off wavelength in the excitation beam emitted by the light source a, and then is led into the lens barrel 8 through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6, the adapter flange 7 and the light beam in sequence, and is converged on a back focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9 by the focusing lens 8-2, the sample 10 to be measured is uniformly illuminated in a wide field, and the light intensity of the excitation beam is adjusted through the electric adjusting diaphragm 6, so that a clear microscopic image is obtained. When the light of the excitation beam emitted by the light source c, which is larger than the cut-off wavelength of the dichroic mirror on the lens assembly 5-2a, and the light of the excitation beam emitted by the light source b, which is smaller than the cut-off wavelength, are combined to excite the sample 10 to be tested to perform the test, the rotation scheme of the lens assembly 5-2 is the same as that of embodiment 3.

Example 6

Fig. 10 shows a sixth embodiment of a laser-insertable multi-light-path switching device for a microscope, in which, when any one of the light source a, the light source b, and the light source c is a collimated laser in examples 1 to 5, the mount 1 on which the first reflecting mirror 2, the beam expanding lens barrel 3, and the second reflecting mirror 4 are mounted is connected to the mounting holes of the four-sided coupling frame of the light source coupling frame 5-1 except for the mounting light beam introduction lens barrel 8, thereby implementing a laser excitation test of the sample 10 to be tested. As shown in fig. 10, the collimated laser is reflected by the first reflector 2 and enters the beam expanding lens barrel 3, and is first changed into a divergent beam by the concave lens 3-1 at the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3, and then is changed into a large-area parallel beam by the convex lens 3-2 at the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 and is emitted, and the large-area parallel beam is reflected by the second reflector 4 and enters the light source coupling rack 5-1, and the light path is switched as in embodiments 1 to 5, so as to perform a laser excitation test on the sample.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A laser-introducible multi-light-path switching apparatus for a microscope, the apparatus comprising a multi-light-path switching module and a laser beam expanding module:

the multi-light-path switching assembly comprises an electric double-mirror switching module 5 and a light source introducing module:

the electric double-lens switching module 5 comprises a light source coupling frame 5-1, two lens assemblies 5-2, two stepping motors 5-3, a motor protection box 5-4 and a communication interface 5-5; the light source coupling frame 5-1 comprises a top cover and four-side coupling frames, the top cover and the four-side coupling frames form an open cubic structure, and each side of each four-side coupling frame is provided with an assembling hole; the two lens assemblies 5-2 are respectively arranged on output shafts of the two stepping motors 5-3; the two stepping motors 5-3 are arranged in the motor protection box 5-4, and a communication interface 5-5 is arranged on the motor protection box 5-4;

the light source introducing module comprises an electric adjusting diaphragm 6, a switching flange 7 and a light beam introducing lens barrel 8, wherein the electric adjusting diaphragm 6 is arranged in an assembling hole on one surface of the four-surface coupling frame, is connected with the switching flange 7 and is used for adjusting the light intensity of an exciting light beam; one end of the light beam introducing lens barrel 8 is mounted on the adapter flange 7, and the other end is connected with a microscope; the light beam introducing lens barrel 8 comprises a lens barrel 8-1 and a focusing lens 8-2, the focusing lens 8-2 is positioned in the lens barrel 8-1, and the focal length of the focusing lens 8-2 is equal to the axial distance from the focusing lens 8-2 to the back focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9;

the laser beam expanding assembly comprises a mounting seat 1, a first reflector 2, a beam expanding lens barrel 3 and a second reflector 4; the mounting seat 1 is used for mounting and fixing the first reflector 2, the beam expanding lens barrel 3 and the second reflector 4 and is connected with the electric double-reflector switching module 5; the first reflector 2 is arranged at the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3; the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 is provided with a concave lens 3-1, and the output end is provided with a convex lens 3-2; the second reflecting mirror 4 is installed at the output end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3.

2. The laser-introducible multi-optical-path switching device for microscope according to claim 1, wherein said communication interface 5-5 is used to independently control two stepping motors 5-3, respectively, and said stepping motors 5-3 are used to drive said lens assembly 5-2 to rotate and switch between 0 ° and 45 °.

3. The laser-introducible multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the focal length of the focusing lens 8-2 is equal to the axial distance from the focusing lens 8-2 to the back focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens 9, and the excitation light beam reflected by the lens assembly 5-2 is converged on the back focal plane of the microscope optical objective lens through the focusing lens 8-2, so that the light beam meets the kohler illumination condition.

4. The laser-introducible multi-optical-path switching apparatus for a microscope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the collimated laser enters the beam expanding lens barrel 3 through the concave lens 3-1 at the input end of the beam expanding lens barrel 3 to be changed into a divergent beam, and then is changed into a large-area parallel excitation beam after passing through the convex lens 3-2 at the output end.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mirror is a mirror or a dichroic mirror.

6. A multi-path switching apparatus for a microscope according to any one of claims 1 and 4 wherein the lens of the lens assembly 5-2 is a dichroic lens which can be used to split an excitation beam, wherein light of less than the cut-off wavelength of the excitation beam is transmitted through the dichroic lens, and other wavelengths of light are reflected by the dichroic lens.

7. The apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 4, wherein the lens of the lens assembly 5-2 is a dichroic lens, and the dichroic lens is used for combining two excitation light beams, such that one excitation light beam smaller than the cut-off wavelength is emitted through the lens, and the other excitation light beam larger than the cut-off wavelength is reflected by the lens for 90 ° to combine.

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