CN114837765A - Electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system - Google Patents

Electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114837765A
CN114837765A CN202210348150.6A CN202210348150A CN114837765A CN 114837765 A CN114837765 A CN 114837765A CN 202210348150 A CN202210348150 A CN 202210348150A CN 114837765 A CN114837765 A CN 114837765A
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China
Prior art keywords
air valve
locking clamp
clamp
spring seat
electromagnetic
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Application number
CN202210348150.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114837765B (en
Inventor
路勇
徐博成
张二永
苗立贤
李建
高元鑫
周功杰
潘振嘉
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/10—Valve drive by means of crank-or eccentric-driven rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system which comprises a servo motor, a pinion, a gearwheel, a crank, a connecting rod, an outer locking clamp front part, an outer locking clamp rear part, a spring seat and a gas valve. The invention solves the problems of buffering when the air valve is seated and carbon deposition caused by long-time running of an engine, and provides certain energy when the air valve is seated.

Description

Electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an engine, in particular to a valve distribution system of the engine.
Background
The engine variable gas distribution technology becomes a technical means for realizing the engine intellectualization, and at present, the engine variable gas distribution realizing device mainly adopts a mechanical type, an electro-hydraulic type, a pneumatic type and an electromagnetic type (armature actuation), but the above forms either still need a cam and a high-rigidity seating spring, cannot realize complete flexible adjustment of the valve lift, or is matched with various devices such as an oil source, a gas source, a pipeline, an energy accumulator and the like, and has larger occupied space, or has larger heat productivity and higher energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system capable of realizing control over the lift of a gas valve.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to an electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system, which is characterized in that: the air valve outer locking clamp comprises a servo motor, a pinion, a gearwheel, a crank, a connecting rod, an outer locking clamp front part, an outer locking clamp rear part, a spring seat and an air valve, wherein the servo motor is connected with the pinion, the pinion is meshed with the gearwheel, one end of the crank is in interference fit with the gearwheel, the other end of the crank is inserted into a first shaft hole of the connecting rod in a clearance fit mode, the outer locking clamp front part and the outer locking clamp rear part are installed together to form an air valve outer locking clamp, the upper end of the air valve outer locking clamp is grooved to be inserted into the connecting rod, the air valve outer locking clamp is provided with a locking clamp shaft hole, a shaft penetrates through the locking clamp shaft hole and penetrates into a second shaft hole of the connecting rod, an inwards concave convex shoulder is reserved at the lower end of the air valve outer locking clamp to be placed into the spring seat, the air valve locking clamp is installed in the spring seat, the top of the air valve is sleeved into the air valve locking clamp, and the spring is sleeved outside the air valve.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the front part of the outer lock clamp and the rear part of the outer lock clamp are provided with positioning pins which prevent the front part and the rear part of the outer lock clamp from moving relatively.
2. The inner side of the air valve locking clamp is provided with a convex block, and the top of the air valve is provided with a groove matched with the convex block.
3. The inner ring of the spring seat and the outer ring of the air valve locking clamp have conicity capable of being locked.
4. The spring seat is provided with an upper convex shoulder and a lower convex shoulder, the lower end face of the upper convex shoulder is contacted with the upper end face of the convex shoulder at the bottom of the air valve outer lock clamp, and the lower convex shoulder is contacted with the spring.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts an electromagnetic-mechanical coupling mode, has a simpler mechanical structure, adopts a reduction gear, reduces the requirement on the torque of the servo motor, can select a small direct-current brushless servo motor, reduces the power consumption and controls the lift of the air valve with high precision.
2. The invention adopts the crank link mechanism to improve the transmission efficiency, and adopts the reciprocating swing of the servo motor to realize the variable gas distribution in real meaning.
3. The invention has compact integral structure, few supporting facilities and smaller occupied space, as shown in figure 1, the integral height is only limited by a crank link mechanism, a servo motor 3 and an ECU2, and the invention can realize integration and further reduce the size of a gas distribution system.
4. The air valve is driven to do reciprocating linear motion by the designed air valve outer locking clamp, the traditional large-stiffness spring is omitted, the problems of large driving force and energy consumption caused by the traditional large-stiffness spring are solved, and the small-stiffness spring is adopted to focus the action of the spring on solving carbon deposition and partial buffering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a driving motor and a mechanical transmission structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a linkage for connecting the air valve.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1 to 5, the main structure of the variable gas distribution system designed by the present invention includes: the device comprises a servo motor and ECU support 1, an ECU (control and drive circuit system) 2, a servo motor 3, a pinion 4, a gearwheel 5, a crank 6, a connecting rod 7, an external lock clamp front part 8, an external lock clamp rear part 9, a clamp spring 10, a bolt 11, a shaft 12, a spring seat 13, an air valve lock clamp 14, a spring 15, an air valve 16 and an air cylinder body 17.
The main structure of the invention is shown in figure 4, figure 1 is an integrated electromagnetic-mechanical coupling variable gas distribution system of two air inlet and two air outlet valves, wherein an ECU2 receives a position signal of an encoder in a servo motor 3, the ECU2 provides a control signal and provides control voltage and current through a driving circuit to drive the servo motor to rotate or to swing back and forth, an output shaft of the motor can be connected with a rotating shaft of a pinion gear through a coupler, the rotating shaft of the pinion gear is in interference fit with the pinion gear 4 and drives a bull gear 5 to rotate, and the deceleration and the increase of driving torque are realized through the pinion gear.
The mechanical transmission device further comprises a crank connecting rod mechanism, one end shaft of the crank 6 is in interference fit with the large gear 5, the servo motor and the ECU support 1 are fixedly provided with shaft holes, and the other end shaft of the crank 6 is inserted into the shaft hole in one side of the connecting rod 7 in a clearance fit mode to drive the connecting rod 7 to rotate.
The air valve outer locking clamp is used for transmission between the connecting rod 7 and the air valve 16, is cylindrical and is matched by the front part 8 of the outer locking clamp and the rear part 9 of the outer locking clamp, is fixed by an inner hexagonal screw 11, and is provided with a positioning pin in the front part 8 of the outer locking clamp and the rear part 9 of the outer locking clamp, so that relative movement between the two parts is further ensured. As shown in figure 5, the upper end of the air valve outer lock clamp is provided with a groove at the center for inserting one side of the connecting rod, a clamp spring groove and a shaft hole are arranged, a shaft 12 penetrates through the shaft hole and the shaft hole in the connecting rod 7, and the shaft 12 and the matching shaft hole are in clearance fit to ensure that the connecting part and the shaft 12 rotate relatively. The lower end part of the air valve outer locking clamp is also provided with a cylindrical groove, but the bottom part of the air valve outer locking clamp is provided with a certain concave convex shoulder for placing the spring seat 13 and being in contact fit with the spring seat.
The spring seat 13 is used for connecting the air valve outer locking clamp consisting of the air valve 16, the outer locking clamp front part 8 and the outer locking clamp rear part 9 and the spring. An air valve locking clamp 14 is arranged outside an air valve 16, the air valve locking clamps are generally used in pairs and matched with a groove in the top of the air valve through an inner side convex block, as shown in figure 5, a spring seat 13 is sleeved outside the air valve locking clamp 14, and an inner ring of the spring seat and an outer ring of the air valve locking clamp are generally provided with certain conicity to ensure that the air valve locking clamp and the spring seat can be locked.
As shown in fig. 5, the spring seat 13 has upper and lower shoulders. The lower end surface of the upper convex shoulder is contacted with the upper end surface of the convex shoulder at the bottom of the air valve outer lock clamp, and the lower convex shoulder is contacted with the spring to transfer the pressure of the spring. An air valve outer locking clamp formed by the front part 8 of the outer locking clamp and the rear part 9 of the outer locking clamp is sleeved on the outer ring of the spring seat 13, and a certain air valve gap is required to be formed between the air valve outer locking clamp and the top of an air valve during installation so as to ensure the matching problem caused by the excessive thermal expansion of the air valve in the running process of an engine. The groove between the two shoulders needs to ensure a certain groove width, in particular to ensure that the air valve clearance is smaller than the distance between the bottom of the air valve outer lock clamp and the upper end surface of the lower shoulder of the spring seat 13 so as to ensure that the downward pressure of the outer lock clamp acts on the top of the air valve instead of acting on the lower shoulder of the spring seat 13.
Referring to the structure of fig. 1, briefly describing the installation and fixation of the external spring locking clip, the spring seat 13, the valve locking clip 14, the spring 15 and the valve 16, firstly, to clarify the pin holes, the matching taper of the spring seat 13 for the valve locking clip 14 is generally to ensure that the valve locking clip 14 can only be inserted from the top of the spring seat 13 but can not completely penetrate out, the spring seat 13 is more tightly and firmly matched when being stressed by an upward force or the valve locking clip 14 is stressed by a downward force, when the installation is carried out, the valve 16 is firstly inserted from the bottom of the cylinder cover 17, the spring 15 and the spring seat 13 are sleeved, a special tool is used for pressing the spring 15 against the spring seat 13, meanwhile, the valve locking clip 14 is sleeved on the top of the valve, and the pressure applied before the valve locking clip 14 is slowly reduced when the valve locking clip 13 is seated, therefore, the spring seat 13 tightly sleeves the valve locking clip 14, and at the bottom end face of the valve 16 is tightly jointed with a ferrule in the cylinder cover 17, the spring 15 is always in a compressed state, and the spring seat 13 is pressed by the spring 15.
When the air valve 16 moves downwards, the top of the air valve is pressed downwards by the air valve outer locking clamp and overcomes the spring force of the small-stiffness spring 15. When the air valve is seated, the spring seat 13 transmits upward force of a shoulder at the bottom of the outer air valve locking clamp through the air valve locking clamp 14, so that the air valve moves upward and is seated.
When the servo motor 3 does reciprocating swing motion, different valve lifts can be obtained by different swing angles, the maximum lift is related to the length of the crank 6, and when the servo motor 3 does rotary motion, the maximum lift is achieved.
Taking a reciprocating swing motion mode adopted by a servo motor 3 as an example, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an air valve is in a closed state, an ECU2 receives a position signal of an encoder in the servo motor 3, a crank 6 is at a top dead center, which is regarded as a zero position of the motor, the ECU2 provides a control signal and provides a control voltage and a control current through a drive circuit to drive the servo motor 3 to rotate clockwise by 30 degrees, a pinion 4 also rotates clockwise by 30 degrees, a bull gear 5 is driven to rotate counterclockwise by 30 degrees, one side of the crank 6 rotates counterclockwise by 30 degrees along with the bull gear 5, a connecting rod 7 is driven to rotate around a shaft at the other end of the crank 6 and translate downwards, a downward force is applied to an air valve outer lock clamp composed of an outer lock clamp front part 8 and an outer lock clamp rear part 9 through a shaft 12, the air valve outer lock clamp moves downwards to be in contact with the top end of the air valve 16, and the downward force is continuously transmitted to the air valve 16, the air valve 16 moves downwards and overcomes the elastic force of the spring 15 with small rigidity, and the air valve is subjected to two parts of external force, namely downward power and resistance of the spring 15.
The servo motor 3 rotates 30 degrees at the moment, certain power supply voltage and current are kept at the moment, the motor achieves a constant torque mode, the gravity of each component and the elastic force of the small-rigidity spring 15 are overcome, the stress of the air valve 16 is balanced, and certain air valve lift duration is achieved.
When the air valve is to be closed, the servo motor 3 rotates 30 degrees anticlockwise to drive the pinion 4 and the bull gear 5 to rotate, the connecting rod 7 translates upwards, a convex shoulder at the bottom of an outer lock clamp of the air valve is in contact with a convex shoulder on the spring seat 13 to drive the spring seat 13 to move upwards, the air valve 16 moves upwards at the same time, and external force applied to the air valve 16 is upward at the moment, so that the air valve is closed and seated.
Different swing angles of the motor correspond to different air valve lifts, the speed of the motor influences the opening and closing speed of the air valve, the duration of the air valve can be adjusted through the motor, and when the motor rotates continuously, the maximum air valve lift is achieved.

Claims (5)

1. An electromagnetism-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system is characterized in that: the air valve outer locking clamp comprises a servo motor, a pinion, a gearwheel, a crank, a connecting rod, an outer locking clamp front part, an outer locking clamp rear part, a spring seat and an air valve, wherein the servo motor is connected with the pinion, the pinion is meshed with the gearwheel, one end of the crank is in interference fit with the gearwheel, the other end of the crank is inserted into a first shaft hole of the connecting rod in a clearance fit mode, the outer locking clamp front part and the outer locking clamp rear part are installed together to form an air valve outer locking clamp, the upper end of the air valve outer locking clamp is grooved to be inserted into the connecting rod, the air valve outer locking clamp is provided with a locking clamp shaft hole, a shaft penetrates through the locking clamp shaft hole and penetrates into a second shaft hole of the connecting rod, an inwards concave convex shoulder is reserved at the lower end of the air valve outer locking clamp to be placed into the spring seat, the air valve locking clamp is installed in the spring seat, the top of the air valve is sleeved into the air valve locking clamp, and the spring is sleeved outside the air valve.
2. The electromagnetic-mechanical coupled camless variable valve actuation system of claim 1, wherein: the front part of the outer lock clamp and the rear part of the outer lock clamp are provided with positioning pins which prevent the outer lock clamp and the outer lock clamp from moving relatively.
3. The electromagnetic-mechanical coupled camless variable valve actuation system of claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the air valve locking clamp is provided with a convex block, and the top of the air valve is provided with a groove matched with the convex block.
4. The electromagnetic-mechanical coupled camless variable valve actuation system of claim 1, wherein: the inner ring of the spring seat and the outer ring of the air valve locking clamp have conicity capable of being locked.
5. The electromagnetic-mechanical coupled camless variable valve actuation system of claim 1, wherein: the spring seat is provided with an upper convex shoulder and a lower convex shoulder, the lower end face of the upper convex shoulder is contacted with the upper end face of the convex shoulder at the bottom of the air valve outer lock clamp, and the lower convex shoulder is contacted with the spring.
CN202210348150.6A 2022-03-29 2022-03-29 Electromagnetic-mechanical coupling type cam-free variable gas distribution system Active CN114837765B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005315185A (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Toyota Motor Corp Variable valve system
CN103422931A (en) * 2013-07-16 2013-12-04 东风朝阳朝柴动力有限公司 Three-groove valve collet mechanism beneficial to rotation of engine valves
CN204511554U (en) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-29 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 Valve collet
CN106050347A (en) * 2016-08-03 2016-10-26 天津大学 Crank-connecting rod driving fully-variable valve system
CN111894695A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-11-06 南京理工大学 Camshaft-free valve driving mechanism based on rotating motor driving
CN114151158A (en) * 2021-11-26 2022-03-08 哈尔滨工程大学 Structure of fully variable gas distribution device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005315185A (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Toyota Motor Corp Variable valve system
CN103422931A (en) * 2013-07-16 2013-12-04 东风朝阳朝柴动力有限公司 Three-groove valve collet mechanism beneficial to rotation of engine valves
CN204511554U (en) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-29 杭州新坐标科技股份有限公司 Valve collet
CN106050347A (en) * 2016-08-03 2016-10-26 天津大学 Crank-connecting rod driving fully-variable valve system
CN111894695A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-11-06 南京理工大学 Camshaft-free valve driving mechanism based on rotating motor driving
CN114151158A (en) * 2021-11-26 2022-03-08 哈尔滨工程大学 Structure of fully variable gas distribution device

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