CN114836990B - Fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, processing system, method and application - Google Patents

Fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, processing system, method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114836990B
CN114836990B CN202210577126.XA CN202210577126A CN114836990B CN 114836990 B CN114836990 B CN 114836990B CN 202210577126 A CN202210577126 A CN 202210577126A CN 114836990 B CN114836990 B CN 114836990B
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fabric
fine denier
aramid fiber
sizing
denier low
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CN114836990A (en
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徐林
王忠华
李春霞
吕娜
于晓
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Yantai Taihexing Material Technology Co ltd
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Yantai Taihexing Material Technology Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/08—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the cooling method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/30—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the fibres or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
    • D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
    • D03D49/12—Controlling warp tension by means other than let-off mechanisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D51/00—Driving, starting, or stopping arrangements; Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/18—Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/20—Warp stop motions
    • D03D51/28—Warp stop motions electrical
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0034—Polyamide fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • D06N2201/0263—Polyamide fibres
    • D06N2201/0272—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D06N2209/1628—Dimensional stability

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, a processing system, a processing method and application thereof. The processing system comprises a weaving device, a plasma treatment device and a sizing device, wherein the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric is applied to a cone and a high-altitude airship skin. Through the whole set of processing system, the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric prepared through weaving, plasma treatment and sizing steps has the characteristics of high specific strength, good dimensional stability, good softness and the like, the impregnated fabric has high continuous production degree, uniform tension at each part, uniform sizing, high bonding strength between colloid and fabric, high shearing strength between material layers, simple process, high efficiency, environmental protection and continuous mass production.

Description

Fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, processing system, method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, a processing system, a processing method and application, and belongs to the technical field of impregnated fabrics.
Background
The para-aramid fabric has the characteristics of light weight, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength, high modulus, excellent impact resistance and the like, and can be applied to the fields of bulletproof protection, composite materials, building reinforcement, industrial filtration, sports equipment and the like. The aramid fiber gum dipping material is applied to the protection field, and compared with glass fiber reinforced plastic, the weight is reduced by nearly half under the condition of the same protection effect, and the toughness is improved by times compared with steel, so that the aramid fiber gum dipping material can withstand repeated impact. In addition, the para-aramid impregnated laminated sheet is compositely used with ceramics such as steel, aluminum, boron carbide and the like, so that the protective performance and the flexibility can be greatly improved, and the para-aramid impregnated laminated sheet can be applied to the fields of tank armor, naval vessel armor, aircraft protection plates and the like. The fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric is subjected to composite treatment, can be further applied to the fields of cone, high altitude airship skin, laminated sheet composite materials and the like, and has the characteristics of high specific strength, good dimensional stability, good softness and the like.
But para-aramid has the characteristics of high oriented crystallization, high crystallinity and the like, and the steric hindrance of a molecular main chain causes that amide groups in molecules are difficult to react with groups in resin, so that the chemical inertness of fibers is obvious, the interfacial bonding force between the fibers and the resin is low, and the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the composite material is low. In addition, the fine denier low gram weight aramid fabric has low filament titer and large strong damage in the weaving process; the fiber is smooth, the warp and weft yarns are arranged sparsely, the structure is loose, the fiber is easy to deform when being wound, and the weaving difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, a processing system, a processing method and application.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric is prepared by adopting fine denier para-aramid fiber filaments in the warp and weft directions, and is obtained by sequentially carrying out plasma treatment and sizing treatment.
Further, the fine denier low gram weight aramid fabric gray fabric gram weight is 18-84 g/m 2 The width of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fabric gray fabric is 500 mm-1500 mm.
Further, the warp and weft para-aramid filament fibers are 50D-200D, the strength is more than 20cN/dtex, and the warp and weft density of the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fabric grey cloth is 50-200 pieces/10 cm.
The invention also discloses a processing system of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, which comprises a weaving device, a plasma treatment device and a sizing device;
the weaving device comprises a multi-spindle yarn frame capable of being provided with warp bobbins on two sides, and an infrared warp breaking automatic stop mechanism positioned at the front end of the multi-spindle yarn frame, warp yarns are unwound from the warp bobbins and sequentially arranged to a yarn collecting plate through the infrared warp breaking automatic stop mechanism, a tension adjusting roller and a dummy shaft are arranged at the rear end of the yarn collecting plate, and the tension adjusting roller and the dummy shaft control the tension of the warp yarns at all positions to be uniform; the rear end of the dummy shaft is a back beam and a heald frame of the rapier loom, and the rear end of the heald frame is a reed for beating up; the warp and weft yarns are designed according to the structure to form fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth, and the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth is sequentially sent to a plasma treatment device and a gluing device through a winding roller to obtain the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric.
Further, a warp tensioner and a yarn guide pulley are arranged on the multi-spindle yarn frame of the weaving device.
Preferably, the guide wire pulleys are provided with three. The arrangement of the tensioner and the guide wire pulley is more beneficial to the smooth proceeding of the whole weaving process, and the damage of the strength of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber is avoided. The creel adopts a creel structure with wires on two sides, so that two batches of warp yarns can be prepared at the same time, and the efficiency is improved.
Further, the plasma treatment device comprises a gas tank, a metal polar plate with uniform gas inlets on the surface, a quartz glass plate and a radio frequency, wherein the quartz glass plate is positioned between the two metal polar plates;
the sizing device comprises a sizing tank, a sizing roller, a pressing roller, a hot box, a heating driving roller, a cooling box, a film covering mechanism and a last cloth roller of the device, wherein the sizing roller is positioned in the sizing tank, the heating driving roller is positioned in the hot box, and the cooling box comprises a cold water circulation system and air inlets and outlets which are uniformly distributed. The working speeds of the winding roller, the gum dipping roller, the heating driving roller, the film coating mechanism and the cloth roller are matched with each other, so that continuous operation in the whole processing and production process is ensured.
The invention also discloses a processing method of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials: the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric adopts 50D-200D para-aramid fiber filaments in the warp and weft directions;
s2, weaving: weaving by adopting a rapier loom with a dummy shaft according to a fabric structure design, unwinding warp yarns from a warp bobbin, sequentially passing through a yarn tensioner, a yarn guide pulley, an infrared broken warp automatic stop mechanism and a yarn collecting plate, then passing through a tension adjusting roller and the dummy shaft to ensure that the warp yarns at a back beam are consistent in tension, regularly lifting a heald frame according to the structure design, beating up by a reed to form fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fabric grey cloth, and conveying the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fabric grey cloth to a plasma treatment device through a winding roller;
s3, plasma treatment: adopting open dielectric barrier discharge normal pressure plasma to treat the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth, wherein a plasma treatment device and a weaving device work synchronously, and high-energy particles released by the plasma treatment device activate and treat the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth; the gas flow and the discharge power of the plasma treatment device can be adjusted according to the weaving speed of the fabric; the adoption of the open dielectric barrier discharge normal pressure plasma treatment is more beneficial to the continuity of the whole process and the industrial production;
s4, sizing: the sizing treatment comprises the steps of gum dipping, baking, cooling, film coating and rolling, wherein the sizing process and the weaving and plasma treatment work synchronously, and a two-dipping and two-rolling process is adopted to ensure that the fabric is fully impregnated, the coating of the sizing material is uniform and the bonding fastness is high; and (3) after baking treatment in a hot box, cooling in a cooling box, and then coating the impregnated fabric up and down through a coating mechanism, rolling by a cloth roller, and compacting by winding to obtain the fine denier low-gram weight aramid impregnated fabric.
Further, the discharge power is (P 0 (+ -0.5) watts, said P 0 =0.17 exp (v/7.13) +9.93, where v is the weaving speed, which is: 0-50cm/min; on the basis of considering weaving production efficiency and plasma activation treatment effect, the loss of strength indexes of the fabric is reduced, and meanwhile, the subsequent sizing effect is ensured. The conventional speed of the loom is 150-400 r/min.
Further, the yarn on the multi-spindle yarn frame has 500-2000 spindle positions; the warp density in the fabric tissue is 50-200 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 50-200 pieces/10 cm, and the length of each batch of aramid filaments is 18-22 m.
Further, in the plasma treatment process, the treatment gas introduced in the dielectric barrier discharge normal pressure plasma treatment is mixed gas of helium and oxygen, the purity of the helium is 99.99%, and the gas flow is 1L/min-10L/min; the purity of the oxygen is 99.99 percent, and the gas flow is 0.01L/min-0.1L/min; the introduction of helium and oxygen is more beneficial to the ionization effect of the plasma, so that the plasma activation effect is more efficient.
In the sizing process, a resin matrix is adopted as sizing material, the fabric content is 10% -50% after a twice dipping and twice rolling process, and then the sizing fabric is prepared by baking, cooling and laminating treatment.
In the operation process, the glue content is controlled by adjusting the distance between the pressing roller and the dipping roller, and the resin matrix is a phenolic resin matrix or an epoxy resin matrix, but is not limited to the two resin matrixes; in addition, the baking temperature in the hot box is 80-100 ℃ so as to realize the adhesion and pre-curing of the sizing material on the fabric, and simultaneously avoid the phenomenon that the sizing material is completely cured due to the denaturation of the resin matrix caused by high temperature, thereby influencing the qualification of the final product.
The cooling treatment is to introduce cold water and wind into the cooling box to simply cool the impregnated fabric, so as to avoid the influence of the excessive temperature of the impregnated fabric on the film coating operation, and the film is possibly damaged due to the excessive temperature; the laminating treatment is used for facilitating the winding of the final product and avoiding the phenomenon that the impregnated fabrics are stuck together after the winding, thereby influencing the subsequent application.
The invention also discloses application of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, which is applied to cone and high altitude airship skins; the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric can also be applied to the fields of laminated sheet composite materials and the like.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) Through the whole set of processing system, the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric prepared through weaving, plasma treatment and sizing treatment has the characteristics of high specific strength, good dimensional stability, good softness and the like, the continuous production degree of the impregnated fabric is high, the tension of each part is consistent, the sizing is uniform, the bonding strength of colloid and the fabric is high, and the interlayer shear strength (ILSS) of the material is high; wherein the discharge power of the plasma treatment is (P 0 + -0.5) Watts, P 0 =0.17 exp (v/7.13) +9.93, where v is the weaving speed, and the discharge power and the weaving speed are adjusted according to the formula rule, so that continuous production of the impregnated fabric can be achieved, and a high-quality product is obtained;
2) The fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric is prepared by adopting fine denier para-aramid fiber filaments in the warp and weft directions through weaving, plasma treatment and sizing, the whole set of processing system adopts a synchronous working principle, continuous production can be realized from raw filament to finished product impregnated fabric, the flow is simple, the production efficiency is high, the finished product structure is stable, the package is compact, and the transportation and the subsequent processing are convenient;
3) The weaving system adopts a rapier loom with a creel, and each batch of warp yarns can continuously produce the length of about twenty tens of thousands of meters; the warp bobbin adopts axial yarn withdrawal, and sequentially passes through the tensioner and the three yarn guide pulleys, so that abrasion and bending of warp yarns are reduced, and strength loss is reduced; two batches of warp yarns can be prepared simultaneously by adopting a creel structure with yarns on two sides, so that the efficiency is improved; the dummy shaft is arranged at the rear end of the loom, so that the tension of warp yarns at all positions in the weaving process is ensured to be uniform;
4) The plasma treatment system adopts open Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) normal pressure plasma to treat the fabric, endows the aramid fiber with a rough surface, improves the specific surface area of the fabric, and simultaneously introduces active groups; the gas flow and the discharge intensity can be adjusted according to the weaving speed, the process is simple, efficient and environment-friendly, and continuous production can be realized; in addition, the surface of the fabric treated by the plasma is more beneficial to the sizing process, so that the interface strength of the aramid fiber impregnated fabric can be effectively enhanced, and the product performance is improved;
5) The sizing process can adopt a specific resin matrix according to the use requirement, and the sizing fabric has excellent temperature resistance and strong corrosion resistance; a two-dipping two-padding sizing process is adopted, so that the colloid is ensured to infiltrate the fabric and the surface colloid of the fabric is uniformly coated; the surface activity of the fabric subjected to plasma treatment is greatly improved, the sizing treatment is directly carried out, the influence of timeliness of the plasma treatment process is reduced, the sizing effect is improved, and the energy is saved and the efficiency is high; the conventional fine denier low-gram-weight aramid gray fabric is low in gram weight, thin in thickness, easy to deform in winding, simple in winding, difficult to deform in fabric structure after sizing and shaping, compact in fabric winding, low in winding difficulty, stable in structure and high in interface shear strength, and the obtained aramid impregnated fabric can be applied to the fields of cone, high-altitude airship skin, laminated sheet composite materials and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a processing system of the fine denier low grammage aramid dipped fabric of the example;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the creel.
The drawing shows a weaving device 1, a plasma treatment device 2, a sizing device 3, a multi-spindle creel 101, a warp bobbin 103, an infrared automatic warp stop motion mechanism 104, a yarn collecting plate 105, a tension adjusting roller 106, a false shaft 107, a heald frame 108, a reed 109, a winding roller 110, a tensioner 111, a yarn guide pulley 201, a gas tank 202, a metal polar plate 203, a quartz glass plate 204, a radio frequency, 301, a dipping tank 302, a dipping roller 303, a compression roller 304, a hot box 305, a heating driving roller 306, a cooling box 307, a film covering mechanism 308, and a cloth rolling roller.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will provide further details in order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1
The fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric is prepared by adopting fine denier para-aramid fiber filaments in the warp and weft directions, and is obtained by sequentially and continuously carrying out plasma treatment and sizing treatment
As shown in fig. 1, the processing system of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric comprises a weaving device 1, a plasma treatment device 2 and a sizing device 3;
the weaving device comprises a multi-spindle yarn frame 101 capable of being provided with warp bobbins 102 on two sides, and an infrared warp breaking automatic stop motion 103 positioned at the front end of the multi-spindle yarn frame 101, warp yarns are unreeled from the warp bobbins 102 and sequentially arranged to a yarn collecting plate 104 through the infrared warp breaking automatic stop motion 103, a tension adjusting roller 105 and a dummy shaft 106 are arranged at the rear end of the yarn collecting plate 104, and the tension adjusting roller 105 and the dummy shaft 106 control the tension of the warp yarns to be uniform and consistent everywhere; the rear end of the dummy shaft 106 is a back beam and a heald frame 107 of the rapier loom, and the rear end of the heald frame 107 is a reed 108 for beating up; the warp yarns and the weft yarns form fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth according to the tissue design, and the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth is sequentially sent to a plasma treatment device 2 and a sizing device 3 through a winding roller 109 to obtain the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, a multi-spindle yarn frame 101 of the weaving device is provided with a warp tensioner 110 and a yarn guide pulley 111.
Specifically, the plasma processing apparatus 2 includes a gas tank 201, a metal plate 202 with uniform gas inlets on the surface, a quartz glass plate 203, and a radio frequency 204, wherein the quartz glass plate 203 is located between the two metal plates 202.
Specifically, the sizing device 3 includes a dipping tank 301, a dipping roller 302, a pressing roller 303, a hot box 304, a heating driving roller 305, a cooling box 306, a film coating mechanism 307 and a final cloth roller 308, wherein the dipping roller 302 is located in the dipping tank 301, and the heating driving roller 305 is located in the hot box 304.
The processing method of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials: the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric adopts 200D para-aramid fiber filaments in the warp and weft directions, the single yarn fineness is 1D, the strength is 20.5cN/dtex, 1210 spindle positions are arranged on the multi-spindle position creel 101, and the weight of each warp yarn is 4.5kg;
s2, weaving: weaving by a rapier loom with a dummy shaft 106, wherein the speed is 300r/min, the warp density is 121/10 cm, and the weft density is 121/10 cm. Gram weight 57g/m 2 . Warp yarns are unwound from a warp bobbin 102, sequentially pass through three tensioners 110, three yarn guide pulleys 111, an infrared warp breaking automatic stop motion mechanism 103 and a yarn collecting plate 104, pass through a tension adjusting roller 105 and a dummy shaft 106, ensure that the tension of the warp yarns at a back beam is consistent, regularly lift a heald frame 107 according to the structure design, beat up by a reed 108 to form fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth, and send the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth to a plasma processing device 2 through a winding roller 109; the weaving speed of the loom was 25cm/min.
S3, plasma treatment: adopting open dielectric barrier discharge normal pressure plasma to treat the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth, wherein a plasma treatment device 2 and a weaving device 1 work synchronously, and high-energy particles released by the plasma treatment device 2 are activated to treat the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth; the introduced treatment gas is mixed gas of helium and oxygen, the purity of the helium is 99.99%, and the gas flow is 10L/min; the purity of the oxygen is 99.99%, the gas flow is 0.1L/min, and the discharge power of the plasma treatment device is 16W.
S4, sizing: the sizing treatment comprises the steps of sizing, baking, cooling, laminating and rolling, wherein a phenolic resin matrix is adopted as sizing material, the sizing process and the weaving and plasma treatment work synchronously, and a two-dipping two-rolling process is adopted to ensure that the fabric is fully impregnated, the sizing material is uniformly coated, the bonding fastness is high, and the fabric content after the sizing is 35%; and (3) baking and pre-solidifying the fabric in a hot box 304, cooling the fabric in a cooling box 306 at the temperature of 100 ℃, then performing upper and lower film coating through a film coating mechanism 307, rolling the fabric by a cloth roller 308, and compacting the wound fabric to obtain the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric.
Examples 2 to 6
Examples 2-6 preparation of fine denier low grammage aramid dipped fabrics was performed using the same conditions as in example 1 except that the weaving speed and the discharge power were as follows in table 1, wherein the weaving speed and the discharge power in examples 1-6 both correspond to p= (P 0 (+ -0.5) watts, said P 0 In addition, in actual operation, for convenient adjustment, the discharge power is an integer, but the discharge power is at (P) 0 -0.5)～(P 0 +0.5) watts. In the weaving process, the corresponding speed of the loom is adjusted according to the weaving speed requirement.
Example 7
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was performed using the same conditions as in example 1 except that: in the plasma treatment process, the introduced treatment gas is mixed gas of helium and oxygen, the purity of the helium is 99.99%, and the gas flow is 5L/min; the purity of the oxygen is 99.99 percent, and the gas flow is 0.05L/min; in the sizing treatment process, the glue content of the fabric after the gum dipping is 25%.
Example 8
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was performed using the same conditions as in example 1 except that: in the plasma treatment process, the introduced treatment gas is mixed gas of helium and oxygen, the purity of the helium is 99.99%, and the gas flow is 1L/min; the purity of the oxygen is 99.99 percent, and the gas flow is 0.02L/min; in the sizing treatment process, the glue content of the fabric after the gum dipping is 15 percent.
Example 9
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was performed using the same conditions as in example 1 except that: the warp density is 50 pieces/10 cm, the weft density is 50 pieces/10 cm, and the glue content of the fabric after gum dipping is 10% in the gum coating treatment process.
Example 10
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was performed using the same conditions as in example 1 except that: the warp density is 200 roots/10 cm, the weft density is 200 roots/10 cm, and the glue content of the fabric after glue dipping is 45% in the glue coating treatment process.
Example 11
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was performed using the same conditions as in example 1 except that: the glue stock adopts an epoxy resin matrix, and the temperature in the hot box 304 is 90 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was carried out using the same conditions as in example 1 except that the weaving speed was 25cm/min and the discharge power was 20 watts.
Comparative example 2
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was carried out using the same conditions as in example 1 except that the weaving speed was 25cm/min and the discharge power was 12 watts.
Comparative example 3
The preparation of the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric was carried out using the same conditions as in example 4 except that the weaving speed was 30cm/min and the discharge power was 25 watts.
Comparative example 4
In the comparative example, the conventional manufacturing and processing technology at present is adopted: weaving and winding the fine denier low gram weight para-aramid filaments by a loom, unreeling the packaged fabric, performing sizing treatment, and winding again to obtain a final product, wherein the whole process is not performed with plasma treatment, and the rest process parameters are consistent with those of the embodiment 1, so that the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric is prepared by a two-step method.
Comparative example 5
In the comparative example, the conventional manufacturing and processing technology at present is adopted: the weaving process, the plasma treatment process and the sizing process are independently carried out, and the specific process is as follows:
weaving and winding the fine denier low gram weight para-aramid filaments through a loom, unreeling the packaged fabric, performing plasma treatment and winding, finally unreeling the aramid fabric subjected to the plasma treatment again, performing sizing treatment, and winding again to obtain a final product, wherein the other process parameters are consistent with those of the embodiment 1, and preparing the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric by a three-step method.
Comparative example 6
In this comparative example, a weaving process was performed in accordance with the process method of example 1, and the fine denier low gram weight aramid fabric grey cloth obtained after weaving was directly fed to the sizing tank 301 via the winding roller 109 to perform a sizing process, wherein the process conditions of the sizing process were the same as those of example 1 (the difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that no plasma treatment was performed).
Comparative example 7
In the comparative example, the specific procedure is as follows: weaving and winding the fine denier low gram weight para-aramid filaments through a loom, unreeling the packaged fabric, performing plasma treatment, directly performing sizing treatment, and winding again to obtain a final product, wherein the other technological parameters are consistent with those of the embodiment 1, and the fine denier low gram weight aramid dipped fabric is prepared by a two-step method.
TABLE 1 conditions of weaving speed and discharge power in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 7
The products of examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were subjected to performance index tests such as interlayer shear strength of aramid dipped fabrics, and specific results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 product Performance Condition for examples 1-11 and comparative examples 1-7
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the gum dipping fabric products obtained by adopting the technical scheme of examples 1-11 of the invention have the advantages of high interlaminar shear strength, good dimensional stability, good softness, uniform gum application, higher performance, more benefit to the application of downstream products, continuous production and processing process and high production efficiency. In addition, by comparing comparative examples 1 to 2 with example 1 and comparative example 3 with example 4, it is evident that if the weaving process and the plasma treatment process parameters cannot be well matched, a product with excellent performance cannot be obtained, and the interlaminar shear strength of the product is significantly reduced. Therefore, the cooperation of the weaving process and the plasma treatment process can realize the continuity of the production process and improve the performance of the product.
The process in comparative example 4, which belongs to the conventional technical means, has twice winding and once unwinding in the process of manufacturing, and does not carry out the plasma treatment process, so that the surface structure of the fabric has obvious sparse uneven appearance, the strength of the fabric is seriously damaged in the production process, and the strength performance of the final gum dipping fabric product is reduced; compared with the product of comparative example 4, the interlayer shear strength of the product obtained in example 1 adopting the technical scheme of the invention is improved by 65%.
The process in comparative example 5 also belongs to the conventional technical means, and the three times of winding and the two times of unwinding are carried out in the processing and manufacturing process, so that the uneven situation of the fabric structure is serious, obvious folds exist on the fabric surface, and the strength performance of the product is obviously lower; in the embodiment 1 adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the processing process of the aramid fiber impregnated fabric is only finished by one-step molding and winding, and the processing process is continuously carried out, so that the obtained product fabric has a stable structure, the tissues are uniformly distributed, and compared with the product of the comparative example 5, the interlayer shear strength of the product obtained in the embodiment 1 is improved by 21%.
Although the process of comparative example 6 was continuously operated in the weaving process and the sizing process, and only one winding was performed, the plasma treatment was not performed in the process, and it is apparent that the interlayer shear strength of the final product of comparative example 6 was significantly reduced, and the product performance was reduced, compared with example 1, thereby indicating that the plasma treatment process can effectively enhance the strength of the impregnated fabric.
In the process of comparative example 7, the plasma treatment process and the sizing process were continuously performed, but the weaving process and the plasma treatment process were not continuously performed, which is one of the conventional operation methods at present, and compared with the process method of the present invention, the process of winding and unwinding once was added, and compared with the continuous operation of the process of the present invention, the difficulty of operation was increased, the production efficiency was reduced, the interlaminar shear strength of the product was remarkably reduced, and the product performance was affected.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The processing system of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric is characterized by comprising a weaving device (1), a plasma treatment device (2) and a sizing device (3);
the weaving device comprises a multi-spindle yarn frame (101) with warp bobbins (102) on two sides and an infrared warp-breaking automatic stop mechanism (103) positioned at the front end of the multi-spindle yarn frame (101), warp yarns are unreeled from the warp bobbins (102) and sequentially arranged to a yarn collecting plate (104) through the infrared warp-breaking automatic stop mechanism (103), a tension adjusting roller (105) and a dummy shaft (106) are arranged at the rear end of the yarn collecting plate (104), and the tension adjusting roller (105) and the dummy shaft (106) control the tension of the warp yarns at all positions to be uniform; the rear end of the dummy shaft (106) is a back beam and a heald frame (107) of the rapier loom, and the rear end of the heald frame (107) is a reed (108) for beating up; the warp yarns and the weft yarns form fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth according to the tissue design, and the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth is sequentially sent to a plasma treatment device (2) and a sizing device (3) through a winding roller (109) to obtain the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric;
wherein the discharge power of the plasma processing device (2) is (P) 0 (+ -0.5) watts, said P 0 =0.17 exp (v/7.13) +9.93, where v is the weaving speed of the weaving device (1), which is: 0-50cm/min.
2. The processing system of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric according to claim 1 wherein a warp tensioner (110) and a yarn guide pulley (111) are arranged on a multi-spindle creel (101) of the weaving device.
3. The processing system of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric according to claim 1 wherein the plasma processing device (2) comprises a gas tank (201), a metal polar plate (202) with uniform gas inlet holes on the surface, a quartz glass plate (203) and a radio frequency (204), wherein the quartz glass plate (203) is positioned between the two metal polar plates (202);
the sizing device (3) comprises a sizing tank (301), a sizing roller (302), a pressing roller (303), a heating box (304), a heating driving roller (305), a cooling box (306), a film covering mechanism (307) and a final cloth roller (308) of the device, wherein the sizing roller (302) is positioned in the sizing tank (301), and the heating driving roller (305) is positioned in the heating box (304).
4. A method for processing a fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric, which is characterized in that the processing system of any one of claims 1-3 is used for processing the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric;
the processing method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials: the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric adopts 50D-200D para-aramid fiber filaments in the warp and weft directions;
s2, weaving: weaving by adopting a rapier loom with a dummy shaft according to a fabric structure design, unwinding warp yarns from a warp bobbin (102), sequentially passing through a yarn tensioner (110), a yarn guide pulley (111), an infrared broken warp automatic stop motion mechanism (103) and a yarn collecting plate (104), then passing through a tension adjusting roller (105) and the dummy shaft (106) to ensure that the warp yarns at a back beam are consistent in tension, regularly lifting a heald frame (107) according to the structure design, beating-up by a reed (108) to form fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fabric grey cloth, and conveying the fine denier low-gram-weight aramid fabric grey cloth to a plasma treatment device (2) through a winding roller (109);
s3, plasma treatment: adopting open dielectric barrier discharge normal pressure plasma to treat the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth, wherein a plasma treatment device and a weaving device work synchronously, high-energy particles released by the plasma treatment device (2) are activated to treat the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey cloth, and the discharge power of the plasma treatment device (2) is adjusted according to the weaving speed of the fabric;
s4, sizing: the sizing treatment comprises the steps of gum dipping, baking, cooling, film coating and rolling, wherein the sizing process and the weaving and plasma treatment work synchronously, and a two-dipping and two-rolling process is adopted to ensure that the fabric is fully impregnated, the coating of the sizing material is uniform and the bonding fastness is high; and after baking by a hot box (304), cooling by a cooling box (306), then performing upper and lower film coating by a film coating mechanism (307), rolling by a cloth roller (308), and compacting a package to obtain the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric.
5. The method for processing the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric according to claim 4, wherein in the plasma treatment process, dielectric barrier discharge normal pressure plasma treatment is adopted, and the treatment gas introduced in the plasma treatment process is helium and oxygen mixed gas, wherein the purity of the helium is 99.99%, and the gas flow is 1L/min-10L/min; the purity of the oxygen is 99.99 percent, and the gas flow is 0.01L/min-0.1L/min;
in the sizing process, the sizing material adopts a resin matrix, and the fabric has the sizing content of 10-45% after a double-dipping and double-rolling process.
6. The method for processing the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric according to claim 4, wherein the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber fabric gray fabric gram weight is 18-84 g/m 2 The width of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fabric gray fabric is 500 mm-1500 mm.
7. The processing method of the fine denier low-gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric according to claim 4, wherein the strength of the warp and weft para-aramid filament fibers is more than 20cN/dtex, and the warp and weft density of the fine denier low-gram weight aramid fiber fabric grey fabric is 50-200 pieces/10 cm.
8. The application of the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric is characterized in that the fine denier low gram weight aramid fiber impregnated fabric prepared by the processing method of any one of claims 4-7 is applied to cone and high altitude airship skins.
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