CN114836755A - Chemical milling solution and chemical milling process suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy - Google Patents
Chemical milling solution and chemical milling process suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114836755A CN114836755A CN202210561979.4A CN202210561979A CN114836755A CN 114836755 A CN114836755 A CN 114836755A CN 202210561979 A CN202210561979 A CN 202210561979A CN 114836755 A CN114836755 A CN 114836755A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/02—Local etching
- C23F1/04—Chemical milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/32—Alkaline compositions
- C23F1/36—Alkaline compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides a chemical milling solution suitable for an Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which consists of 150-200 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 10-50 g/L of aluminum, 30-50 g/L of triethanolamine and 5-15 g/L of sodium sulfide. The present application also provides methods of chemical milling using the chemical milling solutions. The chemical milling solution is suitable for the Al-MgSc alloy, and through selection of a corrosive agent and a corrosion inhibitor, the chemical milling surface of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy subjected to chemical milling has excellent appearance and roughness, and the requirement of aerospace materials can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a chemical milling solution and a chemical milling process suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy.
Background
Chemical milling, chemical milling for short, is to expose the part of the metal material to be machined to a chemical medium for corrosion, while the part not to be machined is protected to obtain the required shape and size of the part. Chemical milling is fundamentally different from general mechanical machining in that a part is machined by using a chemical or electrochemical corrosion principle, and a base material is removed from a predetermined position, range and depth on a workpiece by effectively controlling a chemical milling liquid so as to obtain a required machining size and precision, wherein the whole surface of the machined part can be etched or selectively etched in multiple steps or in a tapered manner. Chemical milling of aluminum alloys has become a reliable method of forming parts in the aerospace industry, especially when machining aircraft skins, much better than with conventional machining methods.
Currently, the aluminum alloy processed by the chemical milling method is mainly Al-Cu-Mg series high-strength hard aluminum, such as 2A12, 2A14 and the like, so the research on the chemical milling process mainly aims at the Al-Cu-Mg series alloy.
With the development of Al-Mg-Sc alloy in recent years, the strength of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate can reach the level of Al-Cu-Mg alloy, the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate has better corrosion resistance and welding performance, the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate can be used as an aircraft skin material, the chemical milling research on the Al-Mg-Sc alloy is not reported at present, and a chemical milling process suitable for the Al-Mg-Sc alloy is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chemical milling solution suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy, and the Al-Mg-Sc alloy has the characteristics of smooth milled surface and excellent roughness after chemical milling under the action of the chemical milling solution.
In view of the above, the present application provides a chemical milling solution suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which comprises 150-200 g/L sodium hydroxide, 10-50 g/L aluminum, 30-50 g/L triethanolamine, and 5-15 g/L sodium sulfide.
Preferably, the content of the sodium hydroxide is 160-180 g/L.
Preferably, the content of the aluminum is 20-30 g/L.
Preferably, the content of the triethanolamine is 35-45 g/L.
Preferably, the content of the sodium sulfide is 8-12 g/L.
The application also provides a chemical milling process of the chemical milling solution, which comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium hydroxide, aluminum scraps, triethanolamine and sodium sulfide according to a ratio, and heating to obtain a chemical milling solution;
and chemically milling the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate in the chemical milling solution.
Preferably, the chemical milling speed is 0.025-0.035 mm/min.
Preferably, the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate is subjected to chemical milling to 1/4 thickness, and the chemical milling time is 35-40 min.
The application provides a chemical milling solution suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which consists of sodium hydroxide, aluminum, triethanolamine and sodium sulfide with specific contents; the method ensures that the Al-Mg-Sc alloy has higher chemical milling speed by adding a certain amount of corrosive agent sodium hydroxide, and ensures that the chemical milling speed is controlled within the range of 0.025-0.035 mm/min which is conventionally required by adding aluminum, thereby explaining that NaOH and Al in the chemical milling solution 3+ The proportion is better; the corrosion inhibitor triethanolamine and the sodium sulfide are further added in a matched manner, so that the influence of the local primary battery effect in the chemical milling process is relieved, the surface of the chemical milling surface is smooth, the chemical milling roughness is small, and the surface roughness phenomenon is avoided; therefore, the chemical milling solution provided by the application meets the control requirement of the Al-Mg-Sc alloying roughness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a surface topography of the chemically milled Al-Mg-Sc alloy of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a surface topography of the chemically milled Al-Mg-Sc alloy of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a surface microstructure of the chemically milled Al-Mg-Sc alloy of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a surface topography of chemically milled Al-Mg-Sc alloy of comparative example 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a surface microstructure of chemically milled Al-Mg-Sc alloy of comparative example 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
In view of the requirement of chemical milling of Al-Mg-Sc alloy in the prior art, the chemical milling solution suitable for the Al-MgSc alloy is provided, and through selection of a corrosive agent and a corrosion inhibitor, the chemical milling surface of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy subjected to chemical milling has excellent appearance and roughness, and can meet the requirement of aerospace materials. Specifically, the embodiment of the invention discloses a chemical milling solution suitable for an Al-Mg-Sc alloy, which consists of 150-200 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 10-50 g/L of aluminum, 30-50 g/L of triethanolamine and 5-15 g/L of sodium sulfide.
In the chemical milling solution provided by the application, sodium hydroxide is used as a corrosive agent, so that the Al-Mg-Sc alloy can be ensured to have higher chemical milling speed; the content of the sodium hydroxide is 150-200 g/L, and specifically, the content of the sodium hydroxide is 160-180 g/L; the high content of sodium hydroxide leads to high chemical milling speed and reduces the precision of chemical milling.
The chemical milling of aluminum in the solution can be controlled within a conventional range. The content of the aluminum is 10-50 g/L, and specifically, the content of the aluminum is 20-30 g/L.
Triethanolamine and sodium sulfide are used as corrosion inhibitors, which can also be called as surfactants, so that the corrosion rate can be reduced, and the finish quality of a chemical milling surface is improved. The content of the triethanolamine is 30-50 g/L, and the content of the sodium sulfide is 5-15 g/L; more specifically, the content of triethanolamine is 35-45 g/L, and the content of sodium sulfide is 8-12 g/L. The triethanolamine and the sodium sulfide are not present in the range that causes an inappropriate corrosion rate, rough surface and unsmooth surface.
The application also provides a process for carrying out Al-Mg-Sc chemical milling by using the chemical milling solution, which comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium hydroxide, aluminum scraps, triethanolamine and sodium sulfide according to a ratio, and heating to obtain a chemical milling solution;
and chemically milling the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate in the chemical milling solution.
In the milling process, the heating is water bath heating, and the heating temperature is 80-100 ℃.
In the application, the chemical milling speed is 0.025-0.035 mm/min, and more specifically, the chemical milling speed is 0.028mm/min, 0.032mm/min or 0.035 mm/min; and (3) carrying out chemical milling on the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate to 1/4 thickness at the chemical milling speed, wherein the chemical milling time is 35-40 min.
The chemical milling solution is adopted to perform chemical milling on the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate, the chemical milling surfaces with different thicknesses are smooth after chemical milling, no corrosion hole is formed, the chemical milling speed is moderate, the transverse chemical milling roughness with different thicknesses is 0.8-1.3 mu m, the surface appearance of the chemical milling surfaces and the roughness after chemical milling are excellent, the requirements of aerospace materials can be met, and the popularization and the application of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy are facilitated.
For further understanding of the present invention, the chemical milling solution and the chemical milling process for Al-Mg-Sc alloy provided by the present invention are described in detail with reference to the following examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
1) Preparing a chemical milling solution: firstly, adding 180g/L of sodium hydroxide, uniformly stirring, adding 20g/L of aluminum scraps, completely dissolving, uniformly stirring, finally adding 40g/L of triethanolamine and 10g/L of sodium sulfide, uniformly stirring, and heating in a water bath at 90 ℃;
2) vertically suspending and immersing an Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate test piece with the thickness of H being 5.00mm into a chemical milling solution, taking out after chemical milling for 10min, removing a surface corrosion product by acid washing, drying by blowing, measuring the thickness H of the test piece after chemical milling to be 4.36mm, and calculating the single-sided chemical milling speed v being (H-H) ÷ 2 ÷ t being 0.032mm/min of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate in the solution by reducing the thickness of the test piece before and after corrosion and the chemical milling time; the chemical milling speed v is within the range of 0.025-0.035 mm/min of the conventional requirement, which shows that the formulation of the chemical milling process is very in line with the control requirement of the chemical milling speed;
3) calculating the time t required for milling the 5.0mm plate to 1/4 thickness to be 5 × 1/4 ÷ 0.032 ═ 39min according to the milling speed;
4) according to the calculated time, the Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheet was chemically milled to 1/4 thickness (see fig. 1 for morphology after chemical milling), and the transverse roughness Ra of the chemically milled surface was measured to 0.12 using a roughness meter.
Example 2
1) Preparing a chemical milling solution: firstly, adding 200g/L of sodium hydroxide, uniformly stirring, adding 30g/L of aluminum scraps, completely dissolving, uniformly stirring, finally adding 40g/L of triethanolamine and 10g/L of sodium sulfide, uniformly stirring, and heating in a water bath at 90 ℃;
2) vertically suspending and immersing an Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate test piece with the thickness of H being 5.00mm in a chemical milling solution, taking out after chemical milling for 10min, removing a surface corrosion product by acid washing, drying, measuring the thickness H of the test piece after chemical milling to be 4.31mm, and calculating the single-sided chemical milling speed v being (H-H) ÷ 2 ÷ t being 0.0345mm/min of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate in the solution by reducing the thickness of the test piece before and after corrosion and the chemical milling time;
3) calculating the time t required for milling the 5.0mm plate to 1/4 according to the milling speed, namely 5 multiplied by 1/4 divided by 0.0345 divided by 36 min;
4) according to the calculated time, the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate is chemically milled to 1/4 thickness (the appearance after chemical milling is shown in figures 2 and 3), and the transverse roughness Ra of the chemically milled surface is measured to be 0.11 by using a roughness meter, and the chemically milled roughness is better.
Comparative example 1
1) Preparing a chemical milling solution: firstly, adding 180g/L of sodium hydroxide, uniformly stirring, adding 40g/L of triethanolamine and 10g/L of sodium sulfide, uniformly stirring, and heating in a water bath at the temperature of 90 ℃;
2) vertically suspending and immersing an Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheet test piece with the thickness of H being 5.00mm into a chemical milling solution, taking out the Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheet test piece after chemical milling for 10min, removing a surface corrosion product by acid washing, drying by blowing, measuring the thickness H being 4.08mm of the test piece after chemical milling, and calculating the single-side chemical milling speed v being (H-H) ÷ 2 ÷ t being 0.046mm/min of the Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheet in the solution through the thinning thickness of the test piece before and after corrosion and the chemical milling time, wherein the corrosion rate is too high, so that the accurate control of the chemical milling process is not facilitated;
3) calculating the time t required for milling the 5.0mm plate to 1/4 thickness to be 5 × 1/4 ÷ 0.046 ═ 27min according to the milling speed;
4) according to the calculated time, the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate was chemically milled to 1/4 thickness (after chemical milling, the morphology is shown in fig. 4 and 5), and the lateral roughness Ra of the chemically milled surface was measured to be 0.25 using a roughness meter, and the chemically milled roughness was large.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A chemical milling solution suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy comprises 150-200 g/L of sodium hydroxide, 10-50 g/L of aluminum, 30-50 g/L of triethanolamine and 5-15 g/L of sodium sulfide.
2. The chemical milling solution of claim 1, wherein the sodium hydroxide is present in an amount of 160 to 180 g/L.
3. The chemical milling solution of claim 1, wherein the aluminum is present in an amount of 20 to 30 g/L.
4. The chemical milling solution of claim 1, wherein the triethanolamine is present in an amount of 35 to 45 g/L.
5. The chemical milling solution of claim 1, wherein the sodium sulfide is present in an amount of 8 to 12 g/L.
6. A chemical milling process using the chemical milling solution of any of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
mixing sodium hydroxide, aluminum scraps, triethanolamine and sodium sulfide according to a ratio, and heating to obtain a chemical milling solution;
and chemically milling the Al-Mg-Sc alloy plate in the chemical milling solution.
7. The chemical milling process of claim 6, wherein the milling speed is 0.025-0.035 mm/min.
8. The chemical milling process of claim 7, wherein the Al-Mg-Sc alloy sheet is chemically milled to 1/4 thickness, and the chemical milling time is 35-40 min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210561979.4A CN114836755A (en) | 2022-05-23 | 2022-05-23 | Chemical milling solution and chemical milling process suitable for Al-Mg-Sc alloy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115852369A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-28 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Chemical milling processing method for aluminum-lithium alloy |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5186790A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-02-16 | Aluminum Company Of America | Chemical milling of aluminum-lithium alloys |
| JP2006274437A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-12 | Neos Co Ltd | Treatment method of surface roughening aluminum and aluminum alloy |
| CN102330088A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-01-25 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Chemical milling solution for aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN108585008A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | The resource recycle method of aluminium in a kind of aluminum alloy chemical milling waste liquid |
| CN114059067A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-18 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy milling solution and milling method |
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- 2022-05-23 CN CN202210561979.4A patent/CN114836755A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5186790A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1993-02-16 | Aluminum Company Of America | Chemical milling of aluminum-lithium alloys |
| JP2006274437A (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-12 | Neos Co Ltd | Treatment method of surface roughening aluminum and aluminum alloy |
| CN102330088A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-01-25 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Chemical milling solution for aluminum-lithium alloy |
| CN108585008A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | The resource recycle method of aluminium in a kind of aluminum alloy chemical milling waste liquid |
| CN114059067A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-18 | 山西汾西重工有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy milling solution and milling method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115852369A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-28 | 四川航天长征装备制造有限公司 | Chemical milling processing method for aluminum-lithium alloy |
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