CN114835508A - Detection method and preparation method of aerated concrete - Google Patents
Detection method and preparation method of aerated concrete Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 rare-earth sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
- G06T7/62—Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30132—Masonry; Concrete
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Geometry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method and a preparation method of aerated concrete, and relates to the technical field of aerated concrete. The invention comprises the following steps: acquiring section data of various aerated concretes; carrying out binarization and anti-binarization processing on the picture data in the section data; the shape of the concrete bubbles is characterized by a shape factor; defining a pore structure factor for calculating thermal conductivity; and fitting the relationship between the pore structure factor and the thermal conductivity coefficient of various concretes. The invention calculates the heat conductivity coefficient by adopting the pore structure factor, compared with the porosity, the calculation result of the pore shape factor is accurate and reliable, and the pore structure factor can reflect the pore structure of the aerated concrete better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerated concrete, and particularly relates to a detection method and a preparation method of aerated concrete.
Background
The aerated concrete is porous lightweight concrete, and the internal structure of a porous medium is too complex, and the pore distribution, the pore size and the pore shape all have certain influence on the heat conductivity coefficient of the porous medium, so that the porous structure of the aerated concrete and a heat conduction model thereof have been paid attention by researchers at home and abroad.
The existing relation between the pore structure of the aerated concrete and the thermal conductivity is lack of deep research, so that the relation between the pore structure and the thermal conductivity is established, and important theoretical value and data support are provided for the preparation of the aerated concrete with excellent performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection method and a preparation method of aerated concrete, and solves the technical problems that the existing relation between the pore structure and the heat conductivity of the aerated concrete is lack of deep research, so that the relation between the pore structure and the heat conductivity is established, and important theoretical value and data support are provided for the preparation of the aerated concrete with excellent performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
acquiring section data of various aerated concretes;
carrying out binarization and anti-binarization processing on the picture data in the section data to obtain the calculated image parameters as follows:
wherein 0 represents a white pixel, 1 represents a black pixel, S represents a shape factor, x represents a pore structure factor, and y represents a concrete thermal conductivity;
the shape of the concrete bubble is characterized by a shape factor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
p represents the pore perimeter, a represents the pore area;
a pore structure factor is defined for calculating the thermal conductivity, which is calculated as follows:
wherein ε represents the porosity of the concrete,
the average pore shape factor is expressed in terms of,
represents the average pore diameter;
fitting the relationship between the pore structure factors and the thermal conductivity coefficients of various concretes to obtain a calculation formula as follows: y 2.308 × 10 13 x -7.274 +0.09838, inputting the pore structure factor x of the aerated concrete to calculate the thermal conductivity y.
Optionally, the diameter of the air bubble in the aerated concrete is described by an average Feret diameter, the Feret diameter is a diameter passing through the center of one air bubble in any direction, the Feret diameter is obtained in a direction of 10 degrees around the center, and the average value of the obtained 18 Feret diameters is the average Feret diameter of the air bubble.
Optionally, the various aerated concrete test pieces have the same production specification.
A preparation method of aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting the steel slag micro powder, slag, cement, lime, gypsum, a water reducing agent and sodium sulfate into a stirrer to be stirred;
then, uniformly mixing the water glass, tap water and sodium hydroxide, and then putting into a stirrer, adding the tap water, mixing and stirring;
preparing a suspension containing a foam stabilizer, aluminum powder and tap water, and pouring the suspension into a stirrer to continuously mix and stir;
pouring the concrete slurry uniformly mixed in the stirrer into a mould, and pre-curing the concrete slurry in the process of waiting to solidify;
and (3) after the concrete slurry is solidified and formed, carrying out demoulding treatment, and carrying out hot-wet curing on the aerated concrete after demoulding.
Optionally, the total mass percentage of the steel slag and the slag is 65%, the mass percentage of the cement is 20%, the mass percentage of the lime is 6%, the mass percentage of the gypsum is 5%, the mass percentage of the water reducing agent is 1%, and the mass percentage of the sodium sulfate is 2%.
Optionally, the specific surface area of the steel slag micro powder is 400m 2 And/kg, wherein S95-grade slag micro powder is selected as slag, PO.42.5 portland cement is selected as cement, the content of the effective calcium oxide of lime is 96%, and desulfurized gypsum is selected as gypsum: CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, the water reducing agent is YT-P2 polycarboxylate water reducing agent, and the sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate with the content of 99%.
Optionally, the mass percent of the water glass is 1%, the modulus of the water glass is 1.2, and the mass percent of the sodium hydroxide is 0.05-0.09%.
Optionally, the mass percent of the foam stabilizer is 0.04%, and the mass percent of the aluminum powder is 0.08%.
Optionally, the foam stabilizer is alpha-sodium rare-earth sulfonate, and the aluminum powder is GLS-65-05 type ash aerated aluminum paste powder.
Optionally, the water-material ratio of the concrete slurry is 0.45, and the water temperature of tap water is controlled at 55 ℃.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in one embodiment of the invention, the thermal conductivity is calculated by using the pore structure factor, compared with the porosity, the calculation result of the pore shape factor is accurate and reliable, and the pore structure factor can reflect the pore structure of the aerated concrete, and the thermal conductivity model is as follows: y 2.308 × 10 13 x -7.274 +0.09838, and the relative error of the calculated result and the actual thermal conductivity coefficient is not more than 10%.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a surface image processing process diagram of an aerated concrete sample according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an aerated concrete manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of pore structure characteristics at different ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of pore structure characteristics at different density levels according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the pore structure characteristics at different mixing times in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of pore structure characteristics at different water-to-material ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the pore structure factor and the thermal conductivity of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of thermal conductivity model error comparison according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components of the invention have been omitted.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in the present embodiment, a method for detecting aerated concrete is provided, which includes the following steps:
adjusting the production conditions and the proportion of raw materials to manufacture various aerated concrete test pieces, cutting open the aerated concrete, cleaning the cross section and taking a picture, wherein the density on the tissue surface is equal to the space volume density of the tissue surface according to the principle of stereology, so that the structure of the air holes on the cross section of the aerated concrete is consistent with the structure of the whole air holes of the test piece;
graying, denoising, sharpening, histogram equalization and mean value filtering are carried out on the picture, binarization and inverse binarization processing are carried out on the processed picture, namely a 0, 1 matrix is changed into a 1, 0 matrix, in a binary inverse image finally realized, a white part represents an air hole, a black part represents a non-hole, and the obtained calculated image parameters are as follows:
wherein 0 represents a white pixel (air hole), 1 represents a black pixel (hole wall), S represents a shape factor, x represents a hole structure factor, and y represents a concrete thermal conductivity;
scanning the binary matrix by using a self-programming sequence, and counting, processing and analyzing the porosity, the pore diameter, the pore shape and the distribution characteristics;
the shape of the concrete bubble is characterized by a shape factor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
p represents the perimeter of the air hole, A represents the area of the air hole, and the expression meaning is as follows: when S is 1, the shape of the air hole is circular, and the larger or smaller the value of the air hole is, the more the shape deviates from the circular shape;
for the thermal insulation material, the more pores with small pore diameter and uniform distribution, the lower the density, and the lower the thermal conductivity coefficient, for this reason, on the basis of the dry density of the aerated concrete, the pore diameter and pore shape factor of the aerated concrete pores are comprehensively considered, and a pore structure factor is defined for calculating the thermal conductivity coefficient, and the calculation formula is shown as follows:
wherein ε represents the porosity of the concrete,
which represents the average pore shape factor, is,
represents the average pore diameter;
fitting the relationship between the pore structure factors and the thermal conductivity coefficients of various concretes to obtain a calculation formula as follows: y 2.308 × 10 13 x -7.274 +0.09838, inputting the pore structure factor x of the aerated concrete to calculate the thermal conductivity y.
A preparation method of aerated concrete comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting the steel slag micro powder, slag, cement, lime, gypsum, a water reducing agent and sodium sulfate into a stirrer to be stirred;
then, uniformly mixing the water glass, tap water and sodium hydroxide, and then putting into a stirrer, adding the tap water, mixing and stirring;
preparing a suspension containing a foam stabilizer, aluminum powder and tap water, and pouring the suspension into a stirrer to continuously mix and stir;
pouring the concrete slurry uniformly mixed in the stirrer into a mould, and pre-curing the concrete slurry in the process of waiting to solidify;
and (3) after the concrete slurry is solidified and formed, carrying out demoulding treatment, and carrying out hot-wet curing on the aerated concrete after demoulding.
The application of one aspect of the embodiment is as follows: respectively adjusting the proportion of the steel slag and the slag, the mixing amount of the aluminum powder, the stirring time of the stirrer and the water-material ratio to prepare a plurality of aerated concrete samples, then cutting open the aerated concrete, cleaning the cross section and taking a picture, graying, denoising, sharpening, histogram equalization and mean value filtering processing are carried out on the picture, binarization and inverse binarization processing are carried out on the processed picture, a binary matrix is scanned by utilizing a self-programming sequence, the method comprises the steps of counting, processing and analyzing porosity, pore diameter, pore shape and distribution characteristics, representing the shape of concrete bubbles by using shape factors, defining a pore structure factor for calculating heat conductivity by considering the pore diameter and the pore shape factor of air holes of aerated concrete, and fitting the relationship between the pore structure factor and the heat conductivity of various concretes to obtain a formula about the pore structure factor and the relationship between the pore structure factor and the calculated heat conductivity. It should be noted that the electric devices involved in the present application may be powered by a storage battery or an external power source.
Through adopting the pore structure factor to calculate the coefficient of heat conductivity, compare in the porosity, the pore shape factor calculated result is accurate reliable, and the pore structure factor more can reflect aerated concrete's pore structure, and its heat conduction model is: y 2.308 × 10 13 x -7.274 +0.09838, and the relative error of the calculated result and the actual thermal conductivity coefficient is not more than 10%.
As shown in fig. 1, the diameters of the air bubbles in the aerated concrete of this embodiment are described by using an average Feret diameter, where the Feret diameter is a diameter passing through the center of one air bubble in any direction, one Feret diameter is obtained at intervals of 10 ° around the center, and an average value of the obtained 18 Feret diameters is the average Feret diameter of the air bubble. The manufacturing specifications of various aerated concrete test pieces are the same, for example: the specification of the aerated concrete test piece is 100 multiplied by 100 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the total amount of the steel slag and the slag is 65% by mass, the cement is 20% by mass, the lime is 6% by mass, the gypsum is 5% by mass, the water reducing agent is 1% by mass, and the sodium sulfate is 2% by mass. The specific surface area of the steel slag micro powder is 400m 2 And/kg, wherein S95-grade slag micro powder is selected as slag, PO.42.5 portland cement is selected as cement, the content of the effective calcium oxide of lime is 96%, and desulfurized gypsum is selected as gypsum: CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, the water reducing agent is YT-P2 polycarboxylate water reducing agent, and the sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate with the content of 99%. 1 percent of water glass, 1.2 percent of water glass modulus and 0.05 to 0.09 percent of sodium hydroxide. The mass percent of the foam stabilizer is 0.04 percent, and the mass percent of the aluminum powder is 0.08 percent. Selection of foam stabilizerAlpha-sodium rare-earth sulfonate and aluminum powder are used as GLS-65-05 type ash aerated aluminum paste powder. The water-material ratio of the concrete slurry is 0.45, and the water temperature of tap water is controlled at 55 ℃.
Analyzing the pore characteristics of different steel slag and slag proportions (proportions): under the condition that other proportions and process conditions are consistent, 5 groups of aerated concrete are prepared by changing the doping amount of the steel slag and the slag, the air hole structural characteristics of the aerated concrete are shown in figure 3, the average pore diameter of the aerated concrete is increased and then reduced along with the increase of the doping amount of the steel slag, because the early activity of the steel slag is low, a large amount of the steel slag is not beneficial to the early hydration of the aerated concrete, the gelling property of hydrate is deteriorated, the stability of the aerated concrete is damaged to a certain extent, and large bubbles directly overflow out of a test piece in the production process, so the diameter of air holes is reduced.
It can be seen from fig. 3 that the average pore shape factor gradually increases with the doping amount of the steel slag, that is, with the increase of the steel slag proportion, the degree of deviation of the gas pores from the circular shape in the aerated concrete is higher and higher, because the generated gravity gradually increases with the increase of the steel slag micropowder in the gas generation process and is slowly greater than the gas pressure in the bubbles, so that the bubbles are extruded, and the bubbles are irregular rather than circular.
Pore characterization at different density levels: as can be seen from FIG. 3, when the steel slag and slag ratio (ratio) is 20% to 45%, the average pore diameter and average pore shape factor are the smallest, but the steel slag content is not high, and when the steel slag and slag ratio (ratio) is 30% to 35%, the steel slag content is higher and smaller, based on this consideration, four kinds of aerated concrete with different density grades of 600 kg/m3 are prepared by controlling the content of aluminum powder, and the average pore diameter and average pore shape factor are shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the average pore diameter and average pore shape factor both tend to decrease with the increase of density because the amount of the aerated concrete with the lower density grade is less, and therefore the pore wall is thinner, and the bubble wall is thinner, so that the bubble wall is easy to break during the processes of stirring, pouring and hardening, the small bubbles are gradually fused to form larger bubbles, so that the average pore diameter of the aerated concrete with lower density grade is larger.
The smaller the density grade is, the smaller the average shape factor is because the density grade is small, the aluminum powder mixing amount is large, the bubbles in the aerated concrete are large, the larger the gas pressure bubble radius in the bubbles is, the smaller the gas pressure in the bubbles is, and the higher the specific gravity of the steel slag and the slag is, the gravity of the steel slag micro powder and the slag is greater than the gas pressure in the bubbles in the gas generation process according to the Laplace formula, so that the bubbles are extruded, and the deviation of the average shape factor of the bubbles from a circular shape is more and more serious.
Analysis of pore characteristics at different stirring times: under the condition that other processes and proportioning conditions are consistent, the influence of the stirring time on the pore structure characteristics of the aerated concrete is researched, and the result is shown in fig. 5, as the stirring time is increased, the average pore diameter and the shape factor of the average pore both show the trend of decreasing firstly and then increasing, because when the stirring time is too short, slurry is not uniformly stirred, gas is not smoothly generated, bubbles are flat, and the average pore diameter of the bubbles is large; when the stirring time is gradually increased, the gas generation gradually starts to be smooth, the shape of the bubbles gradually tends to be circular, the average pore diameter is gradually reduced, the damage rate is increased due to the direct extrusion of the blades and the bubbles along with the overlong stirring time, the proportion of the circular bubbles is reduced, and the small bubbles are fused to form large-pore-diameter bubbles, so that the shape and the pore diameter of the pores can be improved by the proper stirring time, and as can be seen from fig. 5, when the stirring time is 35s, the pore diameter of the bubbles is minimum, and the shape factor is closer to 1.
And (3) analyzing the pore characteristics under different water-material ratios: the viscosity of the water material is larger than that of the aerated concrete slurry, and the viscosity of the slurry directly influences the generation of bubbles, therefore, under the condition of consistent other conditions, 5 groups of aerated concrete are prepared according to different water-material ratios, the influence of the aerated concrete on the structural characteristics of the hole is researched, the specific influence is shown in fig. 6, the average pore diameter is gradually increased with the increase of the water-material ratio, the main reasons are that the water-material ratio is increased, the viscosity of the slurry is reduced, the bubble radius is increased due to smooth gas generation of aluminum powder, the average shape factor is reduced firstly and then increased mainly because of the small water-material ratio, the large viscosity of slurry, unsmooth gas generation of aluminum powder, and easy gas blockage, thereby leading the shape of the air hole to be far away from the round shape, the viscosity of slurry is low along with the gradual increase of the water-material ratio, the air evolution of the aluminum powder is smooth, and the roundness of the air hole is good, it can also be seen from fig. 6 that the bubble shape factor also approaches 1 when the water-to-material ratio is 0.45.
Thermal conductivity coefficient model of the aerated concrete pore structure: the main reason for the low thermal conductivity of the aerated concrete is the porosity, pore size, pore shape factor and their distribution in the aerated concrete, for which 9 groups of samples were prepared by changing the amount of aluminum powder and its process parameters, and the relationship between the pore shape factor and the thermal conductivity of the aerated concrete was fitted by using the above defined pore structure factor parameters, and the results are shown in fig. 7, and by fitting the relationship between the pore structure factor and the thermal conductivity of the aerated concrete, it was found that it satisfies the formula: y 2.308 × 10 13 x -7.274 +0.09838。
It can be seen from fig. 7 that the pore structure factor of the aerated concrete has an obvious correlation with the thermal conductivity thereof, and the pore structure factor not only considers the influence of the porosity on the thermal conductivity thereof, but also obtains the average pore diameter and the average pore shape factor of the aerated concrete by the MATALB image processing technology on the basis of the influence, and the model thereof can more represent the relationship between the pore structure and the thermal conductivity of the aerated concrete.
Comparing the thermal conductivity coefficient models of the aerated concrete: the current common aerated concrete heat conduction model comprises a parallel model, a series model, a Maxwell model and an effective medium model, wherein the actual heat conduction coefficient is taken as a reference point, the hole structure factor heat conduction coefficient model, the parallel model, the series model, the Maxwell model, the effective medium model result and the actual heat conduction coefficient are subjected to relative error result analysis, the result is shown in figure 8, the error of the hole structure factor heat conduction model is minimum, the relative error is not more than 10%, then the Maxwell heat conduction model and the effective medium model are obtained, and the calculation results of the parallel model and the series model are respectively the upper and lower bounds for calculating the relative error.
In concrete, heat transfer between the inner parts of the concrete is mainly heat conduction, the early-proposed series and parallel models respectively determine the upper and lower boundaries of the effective heat conductivity coefficient of the composite material, the boundaries are called wiener boundaries, in the series and parallel models, the lightweight porous concrete can be seen as a solid phase (concrete) and fluid phase (air) composite material, the theoretical maximum and minimum values of the heat conductivity coefficient of the aerated concrete can be obtained through the 2 models, and the calculation can also meet the rules from fig. 8, but the 2 models can only determine the range of the lightweight porous concrete and can not obtain a more accurate heat conductivity coefficient.
The Maxwell1 model is calculated by deducing the thermal conductivity based on the electric conductivity of the composite material filled with randomly distributed spherical particles in a uniform continuous medium, and the thermal conductivity of a continuous phase is greater than that of a disperse phase, and is similar to the structure of aerated concrete; the effective medium model is based on the random distribution of two components of the material, each phase is neither continuous nor dispersed, the calculation is carried out according to the fact that the heat conductivity coefficient of the continuous phase is larger than that of the dispersed phase, the model is very similar to the pore distribution of the aerated concrete, therefore, the error of the calculation result is correspondingly smaller, and the difference between the 2 theoretical physical models, namely the Maxwell1 model and the effective medium model, and the actual heat conductivity coefficient is smaller, so that the effective medium model can be well used for calculating the heat conductivity coefficient of the aerated concrete.
However, in general, the 2 theoretical physical models, namely the Maxwell1 model and the effective medium model, only consider the porosity and the pore size and the pore shape, so that the pore structure factor model is considered more comprehensively, and the solution is more convenient and simpler.
The above embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Claims (10)
1. The method for detecting the aerated concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring section data of various aerated concretes;
carrying out binarization and anti-binarization processing on the picture data in the section data to obtain the calculated image parameters as follows:
wherein 0 represents a white pixel, 1 represents a black pixel, S represents a shape factor, x represents a pore structure factor, and y represents a concrete thermal conductivity;
the shape of the concrete bubble is characterized by a shape factor, and the calculation formula is as follows:
p represents the pore perimeter, a represents the pore area;
a pore structure factor is defined for calculating the thermal conductivity as follows:
wherein ε represents the porosity of the concrete,
which represents the average pore shape factor, is,
represents the average pore diameter;
fitting the relationship between the pore structure factors and the thermal conductivity coefficients of various concretes to obtain a calculation formula as follows: y 2.308 × 10 13 x -7.274 +0.09838, inputting the pore structure factor x of the aerated concrete to calculate the thermal conductivity y.
2. The method for detecting the aerated concrete according to claim 1, wherein the diameters of the air bubbles in the aerated concrete are described by using an average Feret diameter, the Feret diameter is the diameter in any direction passing through the center of one air bubble, one Feret diameter is obtained in a direction of every 10 degrees around the center, and the average value of the obtained 18 Feret diameters is the average Feret diameter of the air bubble.
3. The method for detecting aerated concrete according to claim 1, wherein the production specifications of the aerated concrete samples are the same.
4. The preparation method of the aerated concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, putting the steel slag micro powder, slag, cement, lime, gypsum, a water reducing agent and sodium sulfate into a stirrer to be stirred;
then, uniformly mixing the water glass, tap water and sodium hydroxide, and then putting into a stirrer, adding the tap water, mixing and stirring;
preparing a suspension containing a foam stabilizer, aluminum powder and tap water, and pouring the suspension into a stirrer to continuously mix and stir;
pouring the concrete slurry uniformly mixed in the stirrer into a mould, and pre-curing the concrete slurry in the process of waiting to solidify;
and (3) after the concrete slurry is solidified and formed, carrying out demoulding treatment, and carrying out hot-wet curing on the aerated concrete after demoulding.
5. The preparation method of aerated concrete according to claim 4, wherein the total mass percent of the steel slag and the slag is 65%, the mass percent of the cement is 20%, the mass percent of the lime is 6%, the mass percent of the gypsum is 5%, the mass percent of the water reducing agent is 1%, and the mass percent of the sodium sulfate is 2%.
6. The method for preparing aerated concrete according to claim 5, wherein the specific surface area of the steel slag micropowder is 400m 2 And/kg, wherein S95-grade slag micro powder is selected as slag, PO.42.5 portland cement is selected as cement, the content of the effective calcium oxide of lime is 96%, and desulfurized gypsum is selected as gypsum: CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, the water reducing agent is YT-P2 polycarboxylate water reducing agent, and the sodium sulfate is anhydrous sodium sulfate with the content of 99%.
7. The method for preparing aerated concrete according to claim 4, wherein the mass percent of the water glass is 1%, and the mass percent of the sodium hydroxide is 0.05-0.09%.
8. The preparation method of aerated concrete according to claim 4, wherein the mass percent of the foam stabilizer is 0.04%, and the mass percent of the aluminum powder is 0.08%.
9. The method for preparing aerated concrete according to claim 7, wherein the foam stabilizer is alpha-sodium rare-earth sulfonate, and the aluminum powder is GLS-65-05 type ash aerated aluminum paste powder.
10. A method of producing aerated concrete according to claim 4 wherein the water to material ratio of the concrete slurry is 0.45 and the temperature of tap water is controlled at 55 ℃.
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