CN114835255A - Composite bioreactor based on iron-carbon carrier and preparation and sewage treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Composite bioreactor based on iron-carbon carrier and preparation and sewage treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003851 biochemical process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method of a composite bioreactor based on an iron-carbon carrier and a sewage treatment method are characterized in that the iron-carbon functional carrier is prepared by grinding and mixing iron-carbon powder and organic nutrient source powder, the iron-carbon functional carrier is added into a sewage treatment biochemical tank, microorganisms are induced to grow on the surface of the carrier, and tiny sludge particles are formed, the tiny sludge particles comprise microscopic primary cells formed by the iron-carbon functional carrier and special bacteria for nitrogen and phosphorus removal attached to the surface of the carrier, the formation of the microscopic primary cells can provide an electron donor for autotrophic denitrification and chemical reduction of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen, and the nitrogen removal efficiency of a system is improved by 20-30%; in addition, phosphorus in the sewage can be in contact with iron ions dissolved out in the reaction of the primary battery to react to generate precipitates for removal; through the separation device arranged between the biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank, more than 80% of micro sludge particles return to the anoxic zone of the biochemical tank in a backflow mode, and the number of functional microorganisms in the biochemical tank is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment, in particular to a preparation method of a composite bioreactor based on an iron-carbon carrier and a sewage treatment method.
Background
At present, domestic sewage in cities and towns of China generally has low carbon-nitrogen ratio, and sewage plants cannot perform denitrification due to insufficient carbon source of inlet waterSufficient energy is provided, the reaction does not proceed completely and results in the accumulation of intermediate nitrite. In order to improve the denitrification effect of the biochemical process, most sewage plants adopt a mode of adding a carbon source. On one hand, the added solid carbon source can be used as a carrier of microorganisms, and on the other hand, the added solid carbon source can supplement the carbon source required by heterotrophic denitrification, so that higher nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency is obtained, but the problems of low effective utilization rate of the carbon source, large supplement amount and the like exist, and the operation cost is inevitably increased in practical application. In recent years, the combination of autotrophic denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification becomes a new development trend, and the autotrophic denitrification and the heterotrophic denitrification can cooperatively complete a complete denitrification process in the same system, so as to improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect on the sewage with low carbon-nitrogen ratio. The iron-carbon microelectrolysis method is a waste water purification method by means of biological coupling chemical process, in the waste water the iron-carbon microelectrolytic filler uses iron as anode and carbon as cathode to form lots of microscopic primary cells, and the autotrophic denitrifying bacteria can utilize the iron-carbon microelectrolytic granules to produce Fe by means of primary cell reaction 2+ And [ H]Carrying out autotrophic denitrification reaction for an electron donor.
The high-concentration composite powder carrier biological fluidized bed (HPB) (corresponding to the patent number: CN 110577285B) is based on the biological sewage treatment principle, and utilizes the addition of composite powder carriers into a biochemical tank, thereby not only improving the concentration of mixed liquid in the biochemical tank, but also constructing a microorganism system with symbiosis of suspension growth and attached growth, and carrying out solid-liquid separation through a secondary sedimentation tank; and the composite powder carrier in the discharged excess sludge is recycled and circulated, so that the sludge age is double, the contradiction of sludge age of denitrifying and dephosphorizing bacteria is overcome, and the effect of biological denitrifying and dephosphorizing is synchronously enhanced. The composite powder carrier comprises a basic biological carrier and a superfine organic-inorganic alternative carbon source, can be fluidized in a whole pool of a biochemical pool and a secondary sedimentation pool to realize full contact with pollutants, but still has the problems of uncontrollable carrier particle size, high carrier recycling energy consumption, no realization of synchronous doubling of water treatment capacity of the secondary sedimentation pool and the like. Especially, the non-adjustable micron-sized particle size of the HPB carrier particles is a main reason for limiting the sewage treatment efficiency of the HPB technology, and is mainly reflected in the following points:
(1) after the carrier particles are combined with the floc sludge, the separation difficulty is high, and the carrier particles are easy to run off along with the sludge;
(2) the micron-sized particle size is not adjustable, so that floc sludge treated by the biochemical tank cannot be separated, the secondary sedimentation tank has huge load capacity, and the secondary sedimentation tank cannot be matched with the treatment efficiency of the biochemical tank;
(3) the subsequent sludge sedimentation treatment difficulty of the secondary sedimentation tank is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of a composite bioreactor based on an iron-carbon carrier and a sewage treatment method, and aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a preparation method of a composite bioreactor based on an iron-carbon carrier, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier: preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier by using iron-carbon powder and organic nutrient source powder through a mixing process, wherein the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 30-70 um; wherein the mass ratio of the iron-carbon powder in the iron-carbon functional carrier is 90-97%;
s2, culturing sludge particles: adding the iron-carbon functional carrier into a sewage treatment biochemical pool, inducing microorganisms to grow on the surface of the iron-carbon functional carrier to form micro sludge particles, wherein the micro sludge particles and active sludge in the biochemical pool form a composite bioreactor; wherein the micro sludge particles comprise a micro primary battery formed by an iron-carbon functional carrier and special bacteria for nitrogen and phosphorus removal attached to the surface of the carrier.
Preferably, the organic nutrient source powder is one or more of starch, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers, and the particle size is less than 5 um.
Preferably, the preparation method of the iron-carbon powder comprises the following steps: crushing reducing iron powder, charcoal powder and fly ash, adding water, mixing, granulating, calcining the prepared granules in an oxygen-free environment at 600-1200 ℃ to obtain iron carbon granules, and then obtaining the iron carbon powder with the particle size distribution of 30-70um in a crushing and screening mode; wherein the mass ratio of the reducing iron powder, the charcoal powder and the fly ash is as follows: reducing iron powder: 40-80 parts of biochar: 10-50 parts of fly ash: 5-10 parts.
Preferably, the charcoal powder includes carbonized sludge powder and plant fiber carbonized material.
The invention also provides a composite bioreactor based on the iron-carbon carrier, wherein the composite bioreactor is controllable in particle size and bulk density and is prepared by adopting the method.
The invention also provides a sewage treatment method of the composite bioreactor based on the iron-carbon carrier, which comprises the following steps:
s0, constructing the composite bioreactor as described above;
s4, applying the composite bioreactor to biochemical treatment of sewage, and separating the mixed liquor after the biochemical reaction by a separating device arranged between the composite bioreactor and a secondary sedimentation tank; after the mixed liquor is separated by the separation device, activated sludge with light specific gravity is conveyed to a secondary sedimentation tank, and materials with large specific gravity and containing the micro sludge particles flow back to the biochemical tank so as to reduce the sludge load in the secondary sedimentation tank.
Preferably, the activated sludge entering the secondary sedimentation tank is concentrated in the secondary sedimentation tank, one part of the activated sludge returns to the biochemical tank in an external reflux mode, and the other part of the activated sludge is eliminated from the sewage treatment system after the part of the activated sludge is subjected to hydrocyclone separation and recovery.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: according to the actual operation condition, supplementing proper amount of the composite carrier particles, the micro-sludge particles or the composite bioreactor 1 time per week.
Preferably, the separation device is one or more of a grid, a screen, a pulse separation device, a horizontal flow separation device, a low-speed centrifugal device and a hydraulic screening device.
Preferably, the dosage of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 4-10 g/L.
According to the technical scheme, in the preparation method of the composite bioreactor based on the iron-carbon carrier, the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is controllable, the distribution is concentrated, and the iron-carbon functional carrier can be uniformly dispersed in the suspension of the sewage treatment biochemical tank; the iron-carbon functional carrier has a larger specific surface and a porous structure, provides a large number of attachment sites for the growth of attachment microorganisms, and forms micro sludge particles, and the formation of the micro sludge particles can improve the number of effective microorganisms in a system; the micro sludge has compact particle structure and excellent settling property, and improves the sewage treatment capacity of the system; the micro sludge particles comprise a micro primary battery formed by an iron-carbon functional carrier and nitrogen and phosphorus removal special bacteria attached to the surface of the carrier; the iron-carbon functional carrier comprises iron-carbon powder, has a micro-electrolysis effect, can accelerate the electron transfer efficiency, improves the microbial metabolism rate, and has obvious advantages when sewage with low carbon-nitrogen ratio is treated; the functional carrier comprises organic nutrient source powder, can provide necessary nutrients for the growth of microorganisms, promotes the growth and the propagation of special denitrification and dephosphorization microorganisms on the surface of the carrier, accelerates the enrichment of the microorganisms on the surface of the carrier, accelerates the formation of micro sludge particles, and can shorten the start-up period of a system.
According to the technical scheme, the micro sludge particles formed by culturing the iron-carbon functional carrier and the activated sludge form a double-sludge system, most of the micro sludge particles are intercepted by a low-speed centrifugal separation device arranged between the biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank and return to the biochemical tank in an internal reflux manner, so that the sludge concentration of the biochemical tank is improved, and the denitrification is enhanced; meanwhile, the concentration of materials entering the secondary sedimentation tank can be effectively reduced, the actual operation load of the secondary sedimentation tank is reduced, and the processing capacity of the secondary sedimentation tank is improved. In addition, the particle size of the functional carrier is regulated and controlled, so that the particle size distribution and density of the cultured micro sludge particles and the activated sludge are obviously different, the separation and recovery efficiency of the hydrocyclone is improved, the supplement frequency and supplement amount of the functional carrier are reduced, and the engineering application cost is further reduced.
In addition, the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is distributed in the range of 30-70um, the number of microscopic primary batteries formed in unit volume in the biochemical pond is increased, iron is used as positive electrode of iron-carbon powder in wastewater, carbon is used as negative electrode of iron-carbon powder to form a large number of microscopic primary batteries, and NO in the wastewater 3 - /NO 2 - Directly reduced to N by chemical process using electrons generated at the anode 2 (ii) a In addition, the iron carbon is slightThe electrolysis process is beneficial to the conversion of macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters, provides a carbon source for heterotrophic denitrification of microorganisms, and further promotes the complete denitrification process; on the other hand, the microorganisms can utilize inorganic components such as hydrogen, iron, inorganic carbon and the like as electron donors to realize autotrophic denitrification. In addition, phosphorus in the sewage is in contact reaction with iron ions dissolved out by the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis reaction to generate precipitates for removal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a sewage treatment system of a composite bioreactor based on iron-carbon carriers in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of an iron carbon powder in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of fine sludge particles in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of fine sludge particles at another magnification according to example 1 of the present invention.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "an embodiment", "another embodiment", "other embodiments", or "first through xth embodiments", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, method steps, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite bioreactor based on iron-carbon carrier, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier: preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier by using iron-carbon powder and organic nutrient source powder through a mixing process, wherein the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 50-100 um; wherein the mass ratio of the iron-carbon powder in the iron-carbon functional carrier is 90-97%;
s2, culturing sludge particles: adding the iron-carbon functional carrier into a sewage treatment biochemical pool, inducing microorganisms to grow on the surface of the iron-carbon functional carrier to form micro sludge particles, wherein the micro sludge particles and active sludge in the biochemical pool form a composite bioreactor; wherein the micro sludge particles comprise a micro primary battery formed by an iron-carbon functional carrier and special bacteria for nitrogen and phosphorus removal attached to the surface of the carrier.
Preferably, the organic nutrient source powder is one or more of starch, glucose, sodium acetate, polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers, and the particle size is less than 5 um.
Preferably, the reducing iron powder, the charcoal powder and the fly ash are crushed, mixed with water and granulated, the prepared particles are calcined in an oxygen-free environment at the temperature of 600-1000 ℃ to obtain iron carbon particles, and then the iron carbon powder with the particle size distribution of 50-100um is obtained in a crushing and screening mode; wherein the mass ratio of the reducing iron powder, the charcoal powder and the fly ash is as follows: reducing iron powder: 40-80 parts of biochar: 10-50 parts of fly ash: 5-10 parts.
Preferably, the charcoal powder includes carbonized sludge powder and plant fiber carbonized material. Specifically, the carbonized sludge powder can be powder obtained by carbonizing dewatered sludge of a municipal sewage treatment plant at high temperature; the plant fiber carbonized material can be one or more of rice hull biochar, cornstalk core biochar, shell biochar, wood biochar and bamboo charcoal.
According to the technical scheme, in the preparation method of the composite bioreactor based on the iron-carbon carrier, the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is controllable, the distribution is concentrated, and the iron-carbon functional carrier can be uniformly dispersed in the suspension of the sewage treatment biochemical tank; the iron-carbon functional carrier has a larger specific surface and a porous structure, provides a large number of attachment sites for the growth of attachment microorganisms, and forms micro sludge particles, and the formation of the micro sludge particles can improve the number of effective microorganisms in a system; the micro sludge has compact particle structure and excellent settling property, and improves the sewage treatment capacity of the system; the micro sludge particles comprise a micro primary battery formed by an iron-carbon functional carrier and nitrogen and phosphorus removal special bacteria attached to the surface of the carrier; the iron-carbon functional carrier comprises iron-carbon powder, has a micro-electrolysis effect, can accelerate the electron transfer efficiency, improves the microbial metabolism rate, and has obvious advantages when sewage with low carbon-nitrogen ratio is treated; the functional carrier comprises organic nutrient source powder, can provide necessary nutrients for the growth of microorganisms, promotes the growth and the propagation of special denitrification and dephosphorization microorganisms on the surface of the carrier, accelerates the enrichment of the microorganisms on the surface of the carrier, accelerates the formation of micro sludge particles, and can shorten the start-up period of a system.
According to the technical scheme, the micro sludge particles formed by culturing the iron-carbon functional carrier and the activated sludge form a double-sludge system, most of the micro sludge particles are intercepted by a low-speed centrifugal separation device arranged between the biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank and return to the biochemical tank in an internal reflux manner, so that the sludge concentration of the biochemical tank is improved, and the denitrification is enhanced; meanwhile, the concentration of materials entering the secondary sedimentation tank can be effectively reduced, the actual operation load of the secondary sedimentation tank is reduced, and the processing capacity of the secondary sedimentation tank is improved. In addition, the particle size of the functional carrier is regulated and controlled, so that the particle size distribution and density of the cultured micro sludge particles and the activated sludge are obviously different, the separation and recovery efficiency of the hydrocyclone is improved, the supplement frequency and supplement amount of the functional carrier are reduced, and the engineering application cost is further reduced.
In addition, the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is distributed in the range of 30-70um, the number of microscopic primary batteries formed in unit volume in the biochemical pond is increased, iron-carbon powder takes iron as positive electrode and carbon as negative electrode in wastewater to form a large number of microscopic primary batteries, and NO in the wastewater 3 - /NO 2 - Directly reduced to N by chemical process using electrons generated at the anode 2 (ii) a In addition, the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis process is beneficial to the conversion of macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters, provides a carbon source for the heterotrophic denitrification of microorganisms and further promotes the complete denitrification processCarrying out the following steps; on the other hand, the microorganisms can utilize inorganic components such as hydrogen, iron, inorganic carbon and the like as electron donors to realize autotrophic denitrification. In addition, phosphorus in the sewage is in contact reaction with iron ions dissolved out by the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis reaction to generate precipitates for removal.
The invention also provides a composite bioreactor based on the iron-carbon carrier, which is prepared by adopting the method.
The invention also provides a sewage treatment method of the composite bioreactor based on the iron-carbon carrier, which comprises the following steps:
s0, providing a composite bioreactor as described above;
s4, applying the composite bioreactor to biochemical treatment of sewage, and separating the mixed liquor after the biochemical reaction by a separating device arranged between the composite bioreactor and a secondary sedimentation tank; after the mixed liquor is separated by the separation device, activated sludge with light specific gravity is conveyed to a secondary sedimentation tank, and materials with large specific gravity and containing the micro sludge particles flow back to the biochemical tank so as to reduce the sludge load in the secondary sedimentation tank.
Preferably, the activated sludge entering the secondary sedimentation tank is concentrated in the secondary sedimentation tank, one part of the activated sludge returns to the biochemical tank in an external reflux mode, and the other part of the activated sludge is eliminated from the sewage treatment system after the part of the activated sludge is subjected to hydrocyclone separation and recovery.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: according to the actual operation condition, supplementing proper amount of the composite carrier particles, the micro-sludge particles or the composite bioreactor 1 time per week.
Preferably, the separation device is one or more of a grid, a screen, a pulse separation device, a horizontal flow separation device, a low-speed centrifugal device and a hydraulic screening device.
Preferably, the dosage of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 4-10 g/L.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention further provides a sewage treatment system of a composite bioreactor based on iron-carbon carriers, comprising the composite bioreactor, a biochemical tank assembly 1, a separation device 3 and a secondary sedimentation tank assembly 4; the separation device is arranged between the biochemical tank and the secondary sedimentation tank, and a first conveying outlet of the separation device is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank assembly so as to convey the activated sludge with light specific gravity to the secondary sedimentation tank; and a second conveying outlet of the separation device is communicated with the biochemical tank so as to return the material containing the composite bioreactor with large specific gravity to the biochemical tank.
Specifically, the separation device is one or more of a grating, a screen, a pulse separation device, a horizontal flow separation device, a low-speed centrifugal device and a hydraulic screening device.
The sludge outlet of the secondary sedimentation tank assembly comprises a first conveying branch and a second conveying branch, the first conveying branch returns part of sludge concentrated by the secondary sedimentation tank to the biochemical tank in an external backflow mode, and the second branch conveys part of sludge concentrated by the secondary sedimentation tank out of the secondary sedimentation tank.
The sewage treatment system is also provided with a hydraulic cyclone separation device, and the hydraulic cyclone separation device is used for separating the sludge conveyed by the second branch and recovering the composite bioreactor; and the hydraulic cyclone separation device recovers the materials of the composite bioreactor and discharges the materials out of the sewage treatment system.
The micro sludge particles are put into a sewage treatment biochemical tank for biochemical treatment, and the mixed liquid after the biochemical reaction is separated by a separating device arranged between the biochemical tank and a secondary sedimentation tank; after the mixed liquid is separated by the separating device, the material with light specific gravity is conveyed to a secondary sedimentation tank, and the material with large specific gravity and containing the micro sludge particles flows back to the biochemical tank so as to reduce the sewage load in the secondary sedimentation tank.
Specifically, the biochemical tank assembly 1 may include an anaerobic tank 5, an anoxic tank 6, and an aerobic tank 7. The separated material with large specific gravity and containing the micro sludge particles flows back to the anoxic tank of the biochemical tank assembly.
The separation device can adopt one or more of a grid and a screen according to the particle size distribution difference of the micro sludge particles and the floc sludge, adopt one or more of pulse separation horizontal flow separation according to the sedimentation difference of the micro sludge particles and the floc sludge, and adopt one or more of a low-speed centrifugal device and a hydraulic screening device according to the density difference.
The technical solution of the present application will be described below with specific examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 2-4, the inlet water is obtained from the outlet water of the fine grid of a certain urban sewage treatment plant, and the water quality characteristics are as follows: COD is 256-416 mg/L; ammonia Nitrogen (NH) 4 + -N) at a concentration of 51.8 to 64.4 mg/L; the concentration of Total Nitrogen (TN) is 56.4-70.2 mg/L; BOD 5 The average value of/TN is less than 3.5, and the water quality belongs to typical water quality with low carbon-nitrogen ratio; the concentration of Total Phosphorus (TP) is 3.2-6.5 mg/L; the pH value is 6.9-7.5. The inoculated sludge is taken from the activated sludge at the tail end of the aerobic tank, and the concentration of the inoculated sludge is 3000 mg/L. The dosage of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 6 g/L.
Preparing iron-carbon powder: 60 parts of reducing iron powder, 35 parts of charcoal powder and 5 parts of fly ash are crushed, mixed with water and granulated, the prepared granules are calcined at 800 ℃ in an oxygen-free environment to obtain iron-carbon granules, and then the iron-carbon powder with the particle size distribution of 30-70um is obtained in a crushing and screening mode.
Preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier: grinding and mixing the iron-carbon powder and starch, and preparing the iron-carbon functional carrier in a screening mode, wherein the mass percentage of the iron-carbon powder is 95%.
The inoculated sludge, the iron-carbon functional carrier and the sewage are fully mixed in a biochemical pool, the hydraulic retention time is controlled for 5 hours, and the dissolved oxygen in an aerobic zone is controlled to be 1-2 mg/L. After 12 days of culture and domestication, the microorganisms finish film formation on the functional carrier to form sludge particles with the particle size distribution of 50-300 um.
And (3) separating the sludge particles and the activated sludge after the biochemical reaction by using a low-speed centrifugal device, returning about 70 percent of materials with larger specific gravity and main bodies of the sludge particles to the biochemical tank from the lower opening of the centrifugal separation device, and discharging about 30 percent of light materials with main bodies of the activated sludge to the secondary sedimentation tank from the guide pipe.
The sludge age is controlled to be 20d, part of residual sludge concentrated in the secondary sedimentation tank is conveyed to a feed inlet of a hydrocyclone during sludge discharge, sludge particles entering the secondary sedimentation tank are recovered under the action of the hydrocyclone, and the recovery efficiency can reach more than 95%. The functional vector was supplemented into the system 1 time per week in an amount of 1 mg/L.
In the stable operation process, continuously tracking and detecting the water quality of the effluent after 60d, wherein COD is 12-25 mg/L; ammonia Nitrogen (NH) 4 + -N) in an amount of 0.2 to 0.7 mg/L; the mass concentration of Total Nitrogen (TN) is 6-8 mg/L; the mass concentration of Total Phosphorus (TP) is 0.1-0.3 mg/L.
Control group 1:
the same process was run as in example 1, except that the added carrier was iron-on-carbon powder. And (5) culturing and acclimating for 20d to form sludge particles in the system. In the stable operation process, continuously tracking and detecting the water quality of the effluent after 60d, wherein COD is 18-30 mg/L; ammonia Nitrogen (NH) 4 + -N) in an amount of 0.2 to 0.9 mg/L; the mass concentration of Total Nitrogen (TN) is 8-10 mg/L; the mass concentration of Total Phosphorus (TP) is 0.1-0.3 mg/L.
Control group 2:
the same process run was used as in example 1, except that no support was added. In the stable operation process, continuously tracking and detecting the water quality of the effluent after 60d, wherein COD is 20-41 mg/L; ammonia Nitrogen (NH) 4 + -N) in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L; the mass concentration of Total Nitrogen (TN) is 12-16 mg/L; the mass concentration of Total Phosphorus (TP) is 0.3-0.5 mg/L.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed by the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are also included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a composite bioreactor based on an iron-carbon carrier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier: preparing an iron-carbon functional carrier by grinding and mixing iron-carbon powder and organic nutrient source powder, wherein the particle size of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 30-70 um; wherein the mass ratio of the iron-carbon powder in the iron-carbon functional carrier is 90-97%;
s2, culturing sludge particles: adding the iron-carbon functional carrier into a sewage treatment biochemical pool, inducing microorganisms to grow on the surface of the iron-carbon functional carrier to form micro sludge particles, wherein the micro sludge particles and active sludge in the biochemical pool form a composite bioreactor; wherein the micro sludge particles comprise a micro primary battery formed by an iron-carbon functional carrier and special bacteria for nitrogen and phosphorus removal attached to the surface of the carrier.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic nutrient source powder is one or more of starch, polylactic acid, and polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers, and has a particle size of less than 5 um.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the iron-carbon powder comprises: crushing reducing iron powder, charcoal powder and fly ash, adding water, mixing, granulating, calcining the prepared granules in an oxygen-free environment at 600-1200 ℃ to obtain iron carbon granules, and then obtaining the iron carbon powder with the particle size distribution of 30-70um in a crushing and screening mode; wherein the mass ratio of the reducing iron powder, the charcoal powder and the fly ash is as follows: reducing iron powder: 40-80 parts of biochar: 10-50 parts of fly ash: 5-10 parts.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the charcoal powder comprises carbonized sludge powder and plant fiber carbonized material.
5. A composite bioreactor with controllable particle size based on iron-carbon carrier, characterized by being prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A sewage treatment method of a composite bioreactor based on an iron-carbon carrier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s0, constructing the composite bioreactor as claimed in claim 5;
s4, applying the composite bioreactor to biochemical treatment of sewage, and separating the mixed liquor after the biochemical reaction by a separating device arranged between the composite bioreactor and a secondary sedimentation tank; after the mixed liquor is separated by the separation device, activated sludge with light specific gravity is conveyed to a secondary sedimentation tank, and materials with large specific gravity and containing the micro sludge particles flow back to the biochemical tank so as to reduce the sludge load in the secondary sedimentation tank.
7. The sewage treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the activated sludge entering the secondary sedimentation tank is concentrated in the secondary sedimentation tank, a part of the activated sludge returns to the biochemical tank in an external reflux mode, and a part of the activated sludge is rejected out of the sewage treatment system after being subjected to hydrocyclone separation and recovered to obtain tiny sludge particles.
8. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 7, further comprising the steps of: according to the actual operation condition, the composite carrier particles are supplemented for 1 time per week by 0.5-3 mg/L.
9. The wastewater treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the separation device is one or more of a grid, a screen, a pulse separation device, a horizontal flow separation device, a low speed centrifugal device, and a hydraulic screening device.
10. The sewage treatment method according to claim 6, wherein the dosage of the iron-carbon functional carrier is 4-10 g/L.
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