CN114833329B - High-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device and method thereof - Google Patents

High-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device and method thereof Download PDF

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CN114833329B
CN114833329B CN202210545475.3A CN202210545475A CN114833329B CN 114833329 B CN114833329 B CN 114833329B CN 202210545475 A CN202210545475 A CN 202210545475A CN 114833329 B CN114833329 B CN 114833329B
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smelting
crucible
metal
core
melting
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CN114833329A (en
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陈才
谭騛
姜雁斌
李周
徐国富
邱文婷
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Hunan Rare Earth Metal Materials Research Institute Co ltd
Central South University
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Hunan Rare Earth Metal Materials Research Institute Co ltd
Central South University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D46/00—Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device and a method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: n zone smelting furnaces are used for respectively smelting different metals to obtain metal melts, a core smelting furnace is respectively connected with liquid outlets of the N zone smelting furnaces through N guide pipes and is used for mixing the metal melts smelted in the N zone smelting furnaces, the core smelting furnace comprises a core crucible, the core crucible is composed of two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles positioned at the upper part and an alumina crucible positioned at the lower part in a pin-linked mode, wherein the two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles are connected with an external pulse power supply through a top sealing cover, and pulse current is provided for mixing the metal melts. The smelting is carried out by utilizing the different metals, so that the phenomena of solute aggregation, regional component concentration difference and the like caused by different melting points when solute metal is added into solvent metal in the traditional smelting casting process are solved, and the mechanical property of the material is improved.

Description

High-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device and method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy materials, and particularly relates to a high-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device and a method thereof.
Background
At present, the conveying pipeline materials in the fields of aerospace, metallurgical chemical engineering, seawater hydraulic filling engineering and the like often cause serious surface damage of the materials due to corrosion, abrasion or corrosion abrasion in the service process, so that equipment failure is caused, and the service life is shortened. The slurry transported by the pipeline belongs to typical solid-liquid two-phase fluid, and the inner surface of the slurry pump can be subjected to strong impact and cutting action of the slurry moving at high speed to break the passivation film due to the existence of corrosive media and solid particles in the slurry. When the solid-liquid two-phase fluid continues to wash, the matrix exposed in the slurry is not passivated, so that the corrosion process is accelerated. After the surface is corroded and worn, the friction coefficient is increased, so that the cutting action of the slurry on the surface is increased, and the wear is promoted. Therefore, under the mutual superposition of the two states, the material loss is aggravated, and particularly, the material has strong corrosion in the dual-phase fluid transportation industry with corrosive media and hard particles under the high-temperature condition, thereby greatly reducing the service life of the material.
The pipeline materials commonly used in the industry of conveying solid-liquid two-phase fluid in China are mainly stainless steel, the materials have higher acid corrosion resistance, but the hardness is relatively low, and the wear resistance cannot meet the performance requirements of some special service environments. The existing materials have the current situation that the wear resistance and corrosion resistance cannot be matched with the service environment, so that the service life of equipment is greatly reduced, and serious accidents occur even in the service process. Therefore, research on novel high-temperature wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials plays a very important role in the industry.
The high-entropy alloy has more excellent mechanical properties, higher strength, good electric conductivity, heat conductivity and corrosion resistance due to the cocktail effect. Since the high-entropy alloy is heated to the temperature of the highest principal element melting point by placing the principal element metal pieces in a melting furnace, more energy needs to be supplied during the heating process. Meanwhile, in the solidification process, the temperature gradient in the liquid phase at the front edge of the liquid-solid interface is larger due to higher solute concentration, so that the supercooling tendency of the components is more serious. In addition, the diffusion rate of the high-entropy alloy is low, and the diffusion coefficient of the solute in the liquid phase is small, so that the supercooling tendency of the components is continuously increased, and a large amount of primary dendrites are generated in the solidification process of the high-entropy alloy, and the growth directions of the primary dendrite arms are parallel to the heat flow direction. If the composition supercooled region is sufficiently wide, secondary dendrites may split off tertiary dendrites again at the front end during the subsequent growth. And because of uneven mixing, serious segregation phenomenon occurs in the solidification process, and the plasticity and toughness of the alloy material are seriously affected.
In order to solve the problems of uneven component distribution, serious segregation, high energy consumption and the like in the high-entropy alloy solidification process, methods such as arc melting, spray deposition, powder metallurgy, stirring melting and the like are mainly adopted at home and abroad at present. The arc melting is a melting method which is commonly used at present, and generally needs to be repeatedly melted for 3-5 times, however, the method has the advantages that the cooling speed is higher, obvious shrinkage phenomenon exists on the surface of the cast ingot, the surface quality is reduced, the cast ingot smelted by the method is smaller, and the method generally can only carry out preliminary tissue performance detection and cannot be applied to industrial production on a large scale. Spray deposition is a process in which a gas atomizer is used to spray a melt into fine droplets, which are pre-cooled and then quickly solidified on a preformed target to form a granular structure. Powder metallurgy is to mix metal powder uniformly and then press the powder by hot isostatic pressing equipment to prepare alloy ingot blanks with uniform structure and excellent performance. The above process method can partially solve the problem of segregation, but has the disadvantages of excessively high equipment requirement, large investment, high processing cost, long process flow, complex operation and adverse subsequent processing after molding.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the first aim of the invention is to provide a high-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device;
the second object of the invention is to provide a multi-section mixed casting method of the high-entropy alloy. The process method provided by the invention can avoid cracking tendency and difficult processing caused by casting defects such as coarsening of structure, segregation of components, inclusion and the like in the solidification forming process of the multi-principal-element alloy, and has the effects of energy conservation, carbon reduction and synergy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a high-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device, which comprises:
n zone smelting furnaces for respectively smelting metals with different components to obtain metal melt,
the central smelting furnace is respectively connected with liquid outlets of the N zone smelting furnaces through N flow guide pipes, and is used for mixing the metal melt smelted in the N zone smelting furnaces, wherein flow velocity control plates are arranged in the N flow guide pipes and are used for controlling the flow velocity of the metal melt flowing into the central smelting furnace from the N zone smelting furnaces;
the core smelting furnace comprises a core crucible, an electromagnetic induction coil and a water-cooling crystallizer positioned at the bottom of the core crucible;
the core crucible is composed of two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles positioned at the upper part and an alumina crucible positioned at the lower part in a pin connection mode, wherein the two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles are connected with the anode and the cathode of an external pulse power supply through a top sealing cover, and pulse current is provided for mixing metal melt.
The high-entropy alloy multistage mixed casting device comprises N zone smelting furnaces, wherein different metals can be respectively smelted, and melt obtained after smelting flows into a core crucible of the core smelting furnace.
According to the preferable scheme, the inner layer of the N zone smelting furnaces is a graphite crucible, the outer layer is an asbestos heat insulation layer for coating the graphite crucible, the center of the graphite crucible is provided with an eddy current heating coil for heating metal to be smelted, the top of the N zone smelting furnaces is a sealing plate with an argon shielding gas flow guide pipe, and the bottom of the N zone smelting furnaces is a base with a liquid outlet.
The regional smelting furnace with the structure forms closed assembly so as to ensure that the metal solution is always in the protective atmosphere in the smelting process.
Preferably, the N is 5-8. In the practical application process, partial or all zone melting furnaces can be started according to the needs
In a preferred scheme, the honeycomb duct is made of graphite, and an asbestos heat insulating layer is coated outside the honeycomb duct. To prevent heat loss.
In a preferred scheme, the outer layer of the core crucible is coated with an asbestos heat insulating layer.
Preferably, the multistage mixing casting device further comprises a PC control system. In the actual operation process, the PC control system is connected with other parts to realize the automatic control of important parameters such as mixing flow velocity, eddy current heating temperature, heat preservation time, pulse current, frequency, voltage, pulse width and the like of the alloy material in the smelting process.
The invention discloses a method for multi-section mixed casting of a high-entropy alloy, which comprises the following steps: preparing M metals according to a design proportion, and respectively placing the M metals in M regional melting chamber furnaces, wherein M is less than or equal to N; smelting under protective atmosphere at different temperatures respectively to obtain M metal melts, flowing the M metal melts into a core crucible of a core smelting furnace through a flow guide pipe, carrying out low-frequency electromagnetic stirring on the mixed melt in the core crucible in the process of flowing the metal melts, carrying out high-frequency electromagnetic stirring on the mixed melt after the metal melts flow in, simultaneously introducing pulse current into the mixed melt through two semicircular graphite crucibles positioned at the upper part of the core crucible, and starting a water-cooling crystallizer to cool and solidify the mixed melt to obtain the high-entropy alloy.
According to the process, a plurality of zone melting cavity furnaces are adopted to respectively smelt different metals, so that the phenomena of solute aggregation, zone component concentration difference and the like caused by different melting points when solute metals are added into solvent metals in the traditional casting process are solved, the initial mechanical property of the material is improved, the problem of poor plasticity and toughness caused by inclusion, grain coarsening and component segregation is reduced, the cracking tendency of the alloy is reduced, and the processing property of the alloy is improved.
In a preferred scheme, the smelting temperature in any one smelting furnace is +30-50 ℃ of the melting point of the metal added into the smelting furnace.
The smelting of the invention sets the melting point for each alloy element, and compared with the prior art, when each metal is mixed and smelted, the set smelting temperature only considers the highest melting point, and the invention saves the energy loss to a certain extent.
Preferably, when the M kinds of metal melts flow into the core crucible of the core smelting furnace through the draft tube, the flow rate of the M kinds of metal melts flowing into the core crucible of the core smelting furnace is set to be from large to small in the order of the melting point of each metal.
By setting the flow rate from large to small when flowing into the core crucible of the core smelting furnace according to the order of the melting points of the metals from large to small, elements with similar melting points are melted first, so that the situation that the high-melting-point alloy element is crystallized when the high-melting-point alloy element is mixed with the low-melting-point alloy element and the low-melting-point alloy element is volatilized is prevented, and the uniform gradient reduction of the temperature is realized.
Preferably, the magnetic field strength during the low-frequency electromagnetic stirring is 800-1500 Gs.
Preferably, the magnetic field strength during high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is 2500-3500 Gs
In the invention, the frequency in the electromagnetic stirring process is set in the range, so that the metal is fully mixed finally; if the intensity of the magnetic field is too low, stirring is still in the process of stirring the melt, and various fluids cannot be fully mixed; if the magnetic field strength is too high, liquid splashing phenomenon occurs.
Preferably, the pulse current frequency is controlled between 200 and 600Hz, and the current density is controlled to be 1 multiplied by 10 4 ～6×10 5 A/cm 2 。
In a preferred scheme, the flow rate of the cooling water used by the water-cooled crystallizer is 400-1200L/h.
In the invention, the prepared high-entropy alloy is not limited, and the high-entropy alloy in the prior art can be obtained by the preparation method of the invention.
In a preferred scheme, the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mole: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.3-0.7.
Preferably, the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy is as follows: fcc+ (Cr, fe) C intermetallic compounds.
The microstructure of the preferable high-entropy alloy component is controlled to be an FCC+ (Cr, fe) C intermetallic compound through regulating and controlling components, and the content of the intermetallic compound is increased through increasing the content of carbon, so that the mechanical property of a matrix is improved, and the wear resistance of the material is greatly improved; the corrosion potential of the matrix is improved by adding the content of Ni element, so that the corrosion potential difference is further reduced; the self-passivation capability of the material is enhanced by increasing the content of Cr element, and the precipitation of intermetallic compounds is promoted. Molybdenum can be dissolved in a matrix for strengthening, and in certain reducing and strong oxidizing mediums, a proper amount of molybdenum can improve the self-passivation process of the alloy, especially an insoluble molybdenum oxide film is easy to form in certain environment containing chloride ion mediums, and the passivation film has high stability and compactness and can effectively prevent the occurrence of material corrosion reaction.
Further preferably, the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.3-0.6.
Further preferably, the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mole: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.4-0.5.
The invention relates to a process method for multi-section mixed casting of high-entropy alloy, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preparing Cr, fe, ni, ferromolybdenum, cu and carbon steel according to a designed proportion, respectively placing the Cr, fe, ni, ferromolybdenum, cu and carbon steel blocks in a 5-region melting furnace, respectively melting under the protection of an argon atmosphere, heating to the corresponding temperature of each metal, then preserving heat to obtain 5 metal melts, then flowing Cr, fe, ni, ferromolybdenum, cu and carbon steel melts into a core crucible of the core melting furnace through a flow guide pipe according to the flow rate ratio of 4.8-5.2:2.3-2.7:4.8-5.2:0.8-1.2, carrying out low-frequency electromagnetic stirring on the mixed melts in the core crucible in the process of flowing the metal melts, carrying out high-frequency electromagnetic stirring on the mixed melts after the metal melts are completely flowed, simultaneously introducing pulse currents into the mixed melts through two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles positioned at the upper part of the core crucible, and starting a water cooling crystallizer to cool and solidify the mixed melts to obtain the CrFeNiMoCuC high alloy.
In the preferable scheme, the purities of Cr, fe, ni, ferromolybdenum, cu and carbon steel blocks are all more than or equal to 99.9 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention also provides an intelligent liquid-separating and mixing casting device combining pulse current, which utilizes a PC control system to intelligently, digitally and automatically and high-speed effectively control important parameters such as mixing flow rate, eddy current heating temperature, heat preservation time, pulse current, frequency, voltage, pulse width and the like of the alloy material in the smelting process. On one hand, the formation of crystal nucleus can be accelerated by utilizing the Joule heating effect and the non-heating effect generated in the solidification process of the pulse current in the metal solution, and meanwhile, the growth of crystal grains is inhibited, so that uniform and fine equiaxed crystals are obtained, and the segregation phenomenon of the high-entropy alloy in the solidification process is solved. On the other hand, the method of multi-heat source mixed casting is utilized, the phenomena of solute aggregation, regional component concentration difference and the like caused by different melting points when solute metal is added into solvent metal in the traditional casting process are solved, the initial mechanical property of the material is improved, the problem of poor plasticity and toughness caused by inclusion, grain coarsening and component segregation is reduced, the cracking tendency of the alloy is reduced, the processing performance of the alloy is improved, meanwhile, the problem of large energy consumption on a single heat source is greatly reduced by adopting multi-heat source regional smelting, and a large amount of cost and carbon emission are saved.
The CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy prepared by the intelligent liquid-separating and mixing casting device has the advantages that the microstructure of the alloy is controlled to be an FCC+ (Cr, fe) C intermetallic compound through regulating and controlling components, and the content of the intermetallic compound is increased through increasing the content of carbon on one hand, and the mechanical property of a matrix is improved on the other hand, so that the wear resistance of the material is greatly improved; the corrosion potential of the matrix is improved by adding the content of Ni element, so that the corrosion potential difference is further reduced; the self-passivation capability of the material is enhanced by increasing the content of Cr element, and the precipitation of intermetallic compounds is promoted. Molybdenum can be dissolved in a matrix for strengthening, and in certain reducing and strong oxidizing mediums, a proper amount of molybdenum can improve the self-passivation process of the alloy, especially an insoluble molybdenum oxide film is easy to form in certain environment containing chloride ion mediums, and the passivation film has high stability and compactness and can effectively prevent the occurrence of material corrosion reaction.
The CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy prepared by the device has good surface quality, uniform internal components and fine grains, and has no defects of shrinkage porosity, shrinkage cavity, inclusion, macrosegregation and the like. The smelting device has the characteristics of simple structural design, high production efficiency, low energy cost, high one-time yield, suitability for industrial scale production and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a schematic diagram of a high-entropy alloy multi-stage hybrid casting apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a high-entropy alloy multi-stage hybrid casting apparatus.
Wherein 1 is a PC control system, 3 is a smelting system, 2 is a flow rate control system, 4 is an electric pulse system, 6 is a water cooling system, and 7 is a frame; 30 area smelting furnace, 31 core smelting furnace, 301 shrouding, 302 graphite crucible, 303 argon shielding gas draft tube, 304 asbestos thermal insulation layer, 305 vortex heating coil, 306 base, 307 flow rate control board, 308 draft tube, 311 alumina crucible, 312 graphite crucible, 313 asbestos thermal insulation layer.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure of the CrFeNiMoCuC high entropy alloy prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing EPMA composition distribution of the CrFeNiMoCuC alloy prepared in example 1, wherein the EPMA composition distribution is shown that the alloy prepared by the method has fine structure grains, uniform size, uniform distribution of each composition and smaller segregation degree.
FIG. 5 shows the metallographic structure of the Fe-Cr-Ni-Cu-C-Mn alloy prepared in comparative example 1. As can be seen from the figure, the matrix phase in the traditional preparation method is relatively coarse, the size and the distribution are extremely uneven, and the segregation is serious.
FIG. 6 is a metallographic structure of the Fe-Cr-Ni-Cu-C-Mn alloy prepared in comparative example 2.
As can be seen from the figure, the alloy prepared at the same flow rate ratio is extremely uneven in dispersion and serious in agglomeration during the mixing process.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a high-entropy alloy multistage mixing casting device as shown in figures 1 and 2, which consists of a PC control system (1), a smelting system (3), a flow rate control system (2), an electric pulse system (4), a water cooling system (6) and a frame (7);
wherein the smelting system (3) comprises N zone smelting furnaces (30) for smelting different metals respectively to obtain metal melts,
the bottom of the melting cavity is provided with injection holes which are respectively connected with liquid outlets of N area melting furnaces through N flow guide pipes (308), metal melts melted in the N area melting furnaces are mixed, and flow velocity control plates (307) with scales are arranged in the N flow guide pipes (308) and are used for controlling flow velocity of the metal melts flowing into the core melting furnaces from the N area melting furnaces;
the core smelting furnace comprises a core crucible, an electromagnetic induction coil and a water-cooling crystallizer positioned at the bottom of the core crucible; the rapid solidification of the metal solution in the core melting cavity is accelerated.
The core crucible is composed of two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles (312) positioned at the upper part and an alumina crucible (311) positioned at the lower part in a pin connection mode, wherein the two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply of an external electric pulse system (4) through a top sealing cover, and pulse current is provided for mixing metal melt.
The inner layer of the N zone smelting furnaces is a graphite crucible (302), the outer layer is an asbestos insulating layer (304) for coating the graphite crucible, the center of the inner layer is provided with an eddy current heating coil (305) for heating metal to be smelted, the top of the inner layer is a sealing plate (301) with an argon protective gas flow guide pipe (303) for ensuring that a metal solution is always in protective atmosphere in the smelting process, the bottom of the inner layer is a base (306) with a liquid outlet, and the liquid outlet is connected with the core smelting furnace through N flow guide pipes.
The regional smelting furnace with the structure forms closed assembly so as to ensure that the metal solution is always in the protective atmosphere in the smelting process.
And N is 5-8.
The honeycomb duct is made of graphite, and the asbestos heat insulation layer is coated outside the honeycomb duct to prevent heat loss.
The outer layer of the core crucible is coated with an asbestos heat insulating layer (313).
The flow rate control system comprises rollers, supporting rods and a flow rate control plate, and the flow rate of the metal melt flowing into the core smelting furnace from the N zone smelting furnaces is controlled by the flow rate control plate.
The PC control system is connected with other parts to realize the automatic control of important parameters such as mixing flow rate, eddy heating temperature, heat preservation time, pulse current, frequency, voltage, pulse width and the like of the alloy material in the smelting process.
The water cooling system is used for providing cooling water for the device.
The frame is used for fixing the device.
By applying the device and adopting the following method for multi-section mixing casting of the high-entropy alloy, the embodiment of obtaining the high-entropy alloy is as follows:
example 1
The CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material with high temperature wear resistance and corrosion resistance provided by the embodiment is prepared by smelting the following components in molar ratio: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.5, converted into the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of chromium, 45% of iron, 15% of nickel, 3.4% of molybdenum, 5% of copper and 1.6% of carbon, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: before heating, sealing and covering the melting cavities of each region, pulling out a flow velocity control plate in the base, and then introducing argon shielding gas. After the gas flow is 17L/min and about 3-5 min, closing the flow rate control plate and opening each area sealing cover, placing Cr blocks in the area melting cavity A, fe iron and carbon steel blocks in the area melting cavity B, placing electrolytic nickel in the area melting cavity C, placing molybdenum blocks in the area melting cavity D, placing electrolytic copper in the area melting cavity E, and closing the sealing covers to continuously introduce argon shielding gas to exhaust air in the melting cavity.
(2) Smelting: setting the heating temperature of the melting cavity A to be 1920 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature to be 1900 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity B is 1650 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1600 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity C is 1550 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1500 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity D is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation temperature is 1920 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting chamber E is 1150 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1130 ℃. The induction coils outside the melting cavities of all the areas are connected, and the temperature of the five furnace chambers is measured by adopting thermocouple sensors.
(3) Drainage mixing: after the metal in each zone melting cavity is heated to the corresponding temperature and is completely melted into liquid, the flow rate control plate of the zone melting cavity base is pulled out according to the flow rate ratio of 5:3:2.5:5:1, so that the metal liquid in the zone melting cavity flows into the core melting cavity according to the set flow rate ratio, and the base flow rate control plate is sequentially closed according to the alloy composition ratio. When the molten metal flows into the core melting cavity, the electromagnetic induction coil in the middle layer of the core melting cavity is connected, and the low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment is firstly carried out, so that the magnetic field strength is set to be 1000Gs. After the molten metal completely flows into the core melting cavity, an induction heating power supply around the regional melting cavity is turned off, and the core melting cavity is subjected to high-frequency electromagnetic field treatment, so that the molten metal is uniformly mixed with each phase of fluid through electromagnetic stirring in the mixing process, and the magnetic field strength is set to 3000Gs.
(4) And (3) electric pulse treatment: when the metal mixture is melted in the heart, the pulse power is connected while high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is carried out, pulse current is introduced into the metal solution through two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles, the pulse current frequency is controlled at 400Hz, and the current density is controlled at 1X 10 4 ～6×10 5 A/cm 2 。
(5) And (3) water cooling treatment: and (3) switching on pulse current and simultaneously starting a bottom water-cooling crystallizer to solidify core metal solution to obtain the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material, and setting the cooling water flow of the water-cooling crystallizer to be 800L/h.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure of the CrFeNiMoCuC high entropy alloy prepared in example 1.
FIG. 4 is an EPMA composition distribution diagram of the CrFeNiMoCuC alloy prepared in example 1, and it can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4 that the alloy prepared by the method has fine structure grains, uniform size, uniform distribution of each composition and smaller segregation degree.
1) Hardness index: 43HRC
2) Corrosion resistance:
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 25℃: the corrosion rate is 0.301mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 85℃: the corrosion rate is 1.439mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid+40-70 # quartz sand, 25 ℃, and the slurry flushing speed is 1m/s: the corrosion rate is 2.25mm/y;
example 2:
the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material with high temperature wear resistance and corrosion resistance provided by the embodiment is prepared by smelting the following components in molar ratio: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.6, converted into the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of chromium, 45% of iron, 18% of nickel, 2.9% of molybdenum, 2.8% of copper and 1.3% of carbon, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: before heating, sealing and covering the melting cavities of each region, pulling out a flow velocity control plate in the base, and then introducing argon shielding gas. After the gas flow is 17L/min and about 3-5 min, closing the flow rate control plate and opening each area sealing cover, placing Cr blocks in the area melting cavity A, fe iron and carbon steel blocks in the area melting cavity B, placing electrolytic nickel in the area melting cavity C, placing molybdenum blocks in the area melting cavity D, placing electrolytic copper in the area melting cavity E, and closing the sealing covers to continuously introduce argon shielding gas to exhaust air in the melting cavity. 1880 ℃, 1550 ℃, 1460 ℃, 2630 ℃ and 1100 DEG C
(2) Smelting: setting the heating temperature of the melting cavity A to be 1920 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature to be 1900 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity B is 1650 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1600 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity C is 1550 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1500 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity D is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation temperature is 1920 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting chamber E is 1150 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1130 ℃. The induction coils outside the melting cavities of all the areas are connected, and the temperature of the five furnace chambers is measured by adopting thermocouple sensors.
(3) Drainage mixing: after the metal in each zone melting cavity is heated to the corresponding temperature and is completely melted into liquid, the flow rate control plate of the zone melting cavity base is pulled out according to the flow rate ratio of 5:3:2.5:5:1, so that the metal liquid in the zone melting cavity flows into the core melting cavity according to the set flow rate ratio, and the base flow rate control plate is sequentially closed according to the alloy composition ratio. When the molten metal flows into the core smelting cavity, the electromagnetic induction coil in the middle layer of the core smelting cavity is connected, the low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment is firstly carried out, after the molten metal completely flows into the core smelting cavity, the induction heating power supply around the regional smelting cavity is closed, and the high-frequency electromagnetic field treatment is carried out on the core smelting cavity, so that the molten metal is uniformly mixed with each phase of fluid through electromagnetic stirring in the mixing process. The magnetic field strength was set to 3000Gs.
(4) And (3) electric pulse treatment: when the metal mixture is melted in the heart, the pulse power is connected while high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is carried out, pulse current is introduced into the metal solution through two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles, the pulse current frequency is controlled at 400Hz, and the current density is controlled at 1X 10 4 ～6×10 5 A/cm 2 。
(5) And (3) water cooling treatment: and switching on pulse current and simultaneously starting a bottom water-cooling crystallizer to solidify the core metal solution to obtain the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material. The cooling water flow of the water-cooled crystallizer is set to be 800L/h.
1) Hardness index: 36HRC
2) Corrosion resistance:
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 25℃: the corrosion rate is 0.288mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 85℃: the corrosion rate is 1.136mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid+40-70 # quartz sand, 25 ℃, and the slurry flushing speed is 1m/s: the corrosion rate is 2.74mm/y;
example 3:
the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material with high temperature wear resistance and corrosion resistance provided by the embodiment is prepared by smelting the following components in molar ratio: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.4, converted into the following components in percentage by weight: 33% of chromium, 44% of iron, 14% of nickel, 3.8% of molybdenum, 3.4% of copper and 1.8% of carbon, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: before heating, sealing and covering the melting cavities of each region, pulling out a flow velocity control plate in the base, and then introducing argon shielding gas. After the gas flow is 17L/min and about 3-5 min, closing the flow rate control plate and opening each area sealing cover, placing Cr blocks in the area melting cavity A, fe iron and carbon steel blocks in the area melting cavity B, placing electrolytic nickel in the area melting cavity C, placing molybdenum blocks in the area melting cavity D, placing electrolytic copper in the area melting cavity E, and closing the sealing covers to continuously introduce argon shielding gas to exhaust air in the melting cavity. 1880 ℃, 1550 ℃, 1460 ℃, 2630 ℃ and 1100 DEG C
(2) Smelting: setting the heating temperature of the melting cavity A to be 1920 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature to be 1900 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity B is 1650 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1600 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity C is 1550 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1500 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity D is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation temperature is 1920 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting chamber E is 1150 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1130 ℃. The induction coils outside the melting cavities of all the areas are connected, and the temperature of the five furnace chambers is measured by adopting thermocouple sensors.
(3) Drainage mixing: after the metal in each zone melting cavity is heated to the corresponding temperature and is completely melted into liquid, the flow rate control plate of the zone melting cavity base is pulled out according to the flow rate ratio of 5:3:2.5:5:1, so that the metal liquid in the zone melting cavity flows into the core melting cavity according to the set flow rate ratio, and the base flow rate control plate is sequentially closed according to the alloy composition ratio. When the molten metal flows into the core smelting cavity, the electromagnetic induction coil in the middle layer of the core smelting cavity is connected, the low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment is firstly carried out, after the molten metal completely flows into the core smelting cavity, the induction heating power supply around the regional smelting cavity is closed, and the high-frequency electromagnetic field treatment is carried out on the core smelting cavity, so that the molten metal is uniformly mixed with each phase of fluid through electromagnetic stirring in the mixing process. The magnetic field strength is set to 2500-3500 Gs.
(4) And (3) electric pulse treatment: when the metal mixture is melted in the heart, the pulse power is connected while high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is carried out, pulse current is introduced into the metal solution through two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles, the pulse current frequency is controlled between 200 and 600Hz, and the current density is controlled at 1X 10 4 ～6×10 5 A/cm 2 。
(5) And (3) water cooling treatment: and switching on pulse current and simultaneously starting a bottom water-cooling crystallizer to solidify the core metal solution to obtain the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material. The cooling water flow of the water-cooled crystallizer is set to be 800L/h.
1) Hardness index: 45HRC
2) Corrosion resistance:
200g/L sulfuric acid+15 g/L hydrochloric acid, 25 ℃ C: the corrosion rate is 0.463mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+15 g/L hydrochloric acid, 85℃: the corrosion rate is 2.79mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+15 g/L hydrochloric acid+40-70 # quartz sand, 25 ℃, and the slurry flushing speed is 2m/s: the corrosion rate was 4.02mm/y.
Comparative example 1
Other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that all the metals were placed in the melting chamber D for melting, that is, not zone-melted, and after the melting was completed, the melt was flowed into the core melting chamber.
FIG. 5 shows the metallographic structure of the Fe-Cr-Ni-Cu-C-Mn alloy prepared in comparative example 1. As can be seen from the figure, the matrix phase in the traditional preparation method is relatively coarse, the size and the distribution are extremely uneven, and the segregation is serious.
Comparative example 2
The CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material with high temperature wear resistance and corrosion resistance provided in the comparative example 2 is prepared by smelting the following components in molar ratio: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.5, converted into the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of chromium, 45% of iron, 15% of nickel, 3.4% of molybdenum, 5% of copper and 1.6% of carbon, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: before heating, sealing and covering the melting cavities of each region, pulling out a flow velocity control plate in the base, and then introducing argon shielding gas. After the gas flow is 17L/min and about 3-5 min, closing the flow rate control plate and opening each area sealing cover, placing Cr blocks in the area melting cavity A, fe iron and carbon steel blocks in the area melting cavity B, placing electrolytic nickel in the area melting cavity C, placing molybdenum blocks in the area melting cavity D, placing electrolytic copper in the area melting cavity E, and closing the sealing covers to continuously introduce argon shielding gas to exhaust air in the melting cavity.
(2) Smelting: setting the heating temperature of the melting cavity A to be 1920 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature to be 1900 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity B is 1650 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1600 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity C is 1550 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1500 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity D is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation temperature is 1920 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting chamber E is 1150 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1130 ℃. The induction coils outside the melting cavities of all the areas are connected, and the temperature of the five furnace chambers is measured by adopting thermocouple sensors.
(3) Drainage mixing: after the metal in each zone melting cavity is heated to the corresponding temperature and is completely melted into liquid, the flow rate control plate of the zone melting cavity base is pulled out according to the equal flow rate ratio of 1:1:1:1, so that the metal liquid in the zone melting cavity flows into the core melting cavity according to the set flow rate ratio, and the base flow rate control plate is sequentially closed according to the alloy composition ratio. When the molten metal flows into the core melting cavity, the electromagnetic induction coil in the middle layer of the core melting cavity is connected, and the low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment is firstly carried out, so that the magnetic field strength is set to be 1000Gs. After the molten metal completely flows into the core melting cavity, an induction heating power supply around the regional melting cavity is turned off, and the core melting cavity is subjected to high-frequency electromagnetic field treatment, so that the molten metal is uniformly mixed with each phase of fluid through electromagnetic stirring in the mixing process, and the magnetic field strength is set to 3000Gs.
(4) And (3) electric pulse treatment: when the metal mixture is melted in the heart, the pulse power is connected while high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is carried out, pulse current is introduced into the metal solution through two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles, the pulse current frequency is controlled at 400Hz, and the current density is controlled at 1X 10 4 ～6×10 5 A/cm 2 。
(5) And (3) water cooling treatment: and switching on pulse current and simultaneously starting a bottom water-cooling crystallizer to solidify the core metal solution to obtain the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material. The cooling water flow of the water-cooled crystallizer is set to be 800L/h.
FIG. 6 is a metallographic structure of the Fe-Cr-Ni-Cu-C-Mn alloy prepared in comparative example 2.
As can be seen from the figure, the alloy prepared at the same flow rate ratio is extremely uneven in dispersion and serious in agglomeration during the mixing process.
1) Hardness index: 40HRC
2) Corrosion resistance:
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 25℃: the corrosion rate is 0.731mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 85℃: the corrosion rate is 2.639mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid+40-70 # quartz sand, 25 ℃, and the slurry flushing speed is 1m/s: the corrosion rate is 4.479mm/y;
comparative example 3
The CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material with high temperature wear resistance and corrosion resistance provided in the comparative example 3 is prepared by smelting the following components in molar ratio: cr, fe, ni, mo, cu, C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.5, converted into the following components in percentage by weight: 30% of chromium, 45% of iron, 15% of nickel, 3.4% of molybdenum, 5% of copper and 1.6% of carbon, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment: before heating, sealing and covering the melting cavities of each region, pulling out a flow velocity control plate in the base, and then introducing argon shielding gas. After the gas flow is 17L/min and about 3-5 min, closing the flow rate control plate and opening each area sealing cover, placing Cr blocks in the area melting cavity A, fe iron and carbon steel blocks in the area melting cavity B, placing electrolytic nickel in the area melting cavity C, placing molybdenum blocks in the area melting cavity D, placing electrolytic copper in the area melting cavity E, and closing the sealing covers to continuously introduce argon shielding gas to exhaust air in the melting cavity.
(2) Smelting: setting the heating temperature of the melting cavity A to be 1920 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature to be 1900 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity B is 1650 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1600 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity C is 1550 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1500 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting cavity D is 1950 ℃, and the heat preservation temperature is 1920 ℃; the heating temperature of the melting chamber E is 1150 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature is 1130 ℃. The induction coils outside the melting cavities of all the areas are connected, and the temperature of the five furnace chambers is measured by adopting thermocouple sensors.
(3) Drainage mixing: after the metal in each zone melting cavity is heated to the corresponding temperature and is completely melted into liquid, the flow rate control plate of the zone melting cavity base is pulled out according to the flow rate ratio of 5:3:2.5:5:1, so that the metal liquid in the zone melting cavity flows into the core melting cavity according to the set flow rate ratio, and the base flow rate control plate is sequentially closed according to the alloy composition ratio. When the molten metal flows into the core melting cavity, the electromagnetic induction coil in the middle layer of the core melting cavity is connected, electromagnetic field treatment is carried out first, and the magnetic field strength is set to be 1000Gs. After the molten metal completely flows into the core melting cavity, an induction heating power supply around the regional melting cavity is turned off, and electromagnetic field treatment is carried out on the core melting cavity, so that the molten metal is uniformly mixed with each phase of fluid through electromagnetic stirring in the mixing process, and the magnetic field strength is set to be 1000Gs.
(4) And (3) electric pulse treatment: when the metal mixture is melted in the heart, the pulse power is connected while high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is carried out, pulse current is introduced into the metal solution through two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles, the pulse current frequency is controlled at 400Hz, and the current density is controlled at 1X 10 4 ～6×10 5 A/cm 2 。
(5) And (3) water cooling treatment: and switching on pulse current and simultaneously starting a bottom water-cooling crystallizer to solidify the core metal solution to obtain the CrFeNiMoCuC high-entropy alloy material. The cooling water flow of the water-cooled crystallizer is set to be 800L/h.
1) Hardness index: 38HRC
2) Corrosion resistance:
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 25℃: the corrosion rate is 0.688mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid, 85℃: the corrosion rate is 2.834mm/y;
200g/L sulfuric acid+13 g/L hydrochloric acid+40-70 # quartz sand, 25 ℃, and the slurry flushing speed is 1m/s: the corrosion rate was 4.867mm/y.

Claims (5)

1. The method for multi-section mixed casting of the high-entropy alloy is characterized by applying a multi-section mixed casting device of the high-entropy alloy and comprises the following steps of: m metals are prepared according to a design proportion and are respectively placed in N regional melting chamber furnaces, wherein M is less than or equal to N; smelting under protective atmosphere at different temperatures respectively to obtain M metal melts, flowing the M metal melts into a central crucible of a central smelting furnace through a flow guide pipe, carrying out low-frequency electromagnetic stirring on the mixed melt in the central crucible in the process of flowing the metal melts, carrying out high-frequency electromagnetic stirring on the mixed melt after the metal melts are completely flowed in, simultaneously introducing pulse current into the mixed melt through two semicircular graphite crucibles positioned at the upper part of the central crucible, and starting a water-cooling crystallizer to cool and solidify the mixed melt to obtain the high-entropy alloy;
when the M metal melts flow into the central crucible of the central smelting furnace through the flow guide pipe, setting the flow speed from large to small when the M metal melts flow into the central crucible of the central smelting furnace according to the order of the melting points of the metals from large to small;
the high-entropy alloy multi-section mixed casting device comprises: comprising the following steps:
n zone melting furnaces for respectively melting different metals to obtain metal melt,
the central smelting furnace is respectively connected with liquid outlets of the N zone smelting furnaces through N flow guide pipes, and is used for mixing the metal melt smelted in the N zone smelting furnaces, wherein flow velocity control plates are arranged in the N flow guide pipes and are used for controlling the flow velocity of the metal melt flowing into the central smelting furnace from the N zone smelting furnaces;
the core smelting furnace comprises a core crucible, an electromagnetic induction coil and a water-cooling crystallizer positioned at the bottom of the core crucible;
the core crucible consists of two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles positioned at the upper part and an alumina crucible positioned at the lower part in a pin connection mode, wherein the two semi-cylindrical graphite crucibles are connected with the anode and the cathode of an external pulse power supply through a top sealing cover to provide pulse current for mixing metal melt;
the magnetic field strength during low-frequency electromagnetic stirring is 800-1500 Gs;
the magnetic field strength during high-frequency electromagnetic stirring is 2500-2500 Gs;
the pulse current frequency is controlled to be 200-600 Hz, and the current density is controlled to be 1 multiplied by 10 4 ~6×10 5 A/cm 2 ；
The flow rate of cooling water used by the water-cooled crystallizer is 400-1200L/h;
the high-entropy alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mole: cr, ni, mo and Cu are respectively equal to C=2.3:3.2:1:0.2:0.25:0.3-0.7;
the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy is as follows: fcc+ (Cr, fe) C intermetallic compounds.
2. The method for multi-stage mixing casting of high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the smelting temperature in any one smelting furnace is +30-50 ℃ of the melting point of the metal added in the smelting furnace.
3. The method for multi-stage mixing casting of high-entropy alloy according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inner layer of the smelting furnace in the N areas is a graphite crucible, the outer layer is an asbestos heat insulation layer for coating the graphite crucible, the center of the graphite crucible is provided with a vortex heating coil for heating metal to be smelted, the top of the graphite crucible is a sealing plate with an argon shielding gas flow guide pipe, and the bottom of the graphite crucible is a base with a liquid outlet.
4. A method of multi-stage casting of high-entropy alloys according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: and N is 5-8.
5. A method of multi-stage casting of high-entropy alloys according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that:
the honeycomb duct is made of graphite, and the outer part of the honeycomb duct is coated with an asbestos heat insulation layer;
the outer layer of the core crucible is coated with an asbestos heat insulating layer;
the multistage mixing casting device further comprises a PC control system.
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