CN114833285B - High-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy large-size bar - Google Patents

High-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy large-size bar Download PDF

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CN114833285B
CN114833285B CN202210370245.8A CN202210370245A CN114833285B CN 114833285 B CN114833285 B CN 114833285B CN 202210370245 A CN202210370245 A CN 202210370245A CN 114833285 B CN114833285 B CN 114833285B
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upsetting
forging
phase transition
transition point
beta
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CN114833285A (en
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赵子博
王清江
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/08Upsetting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 The preparation process of the AlNb-based alloy large-size bar material specifically comprises the following steps: step 1), firstly upsetting the cast ingot after the beta cogging at 60-40 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.0035s ‑1 ~0.01s ‑1 Then the forging stock is returned to the furnace, heated to 50-30 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawn out, forged and air cooled; repeating the step 2-3 times and then forging the step 2); step 2), upsetting the cast ingot after the beta cogging at 120-60 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.0035s ‑1 ~0.01s ‑1 And then the forging stock is returned to the furnace, heated to 60-45 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawn out, forged and air cooled. Repeating the steps 2 to 4 times, and then forging the step 3). And 3) finally forging the bar at 100-45 ℃ below the beta phase transition point for 1-4 times to finish rounding forming, and obtaining a finished product.

Description

High-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy large-size bar
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of processing of titanium-based intermetallic compounds, and in particular relates to a high-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 A preparation process of an AlNb-based alloy large-size bar.
Background
Compared with the traditional titanium alloy, ti 2 The room temperature plasticity of the AlNb-based alloy is better than that of the gamma-TiAl alloy, the alloy can be used for a long time within the range of 600-700 ℃, the short-time use temperature can even reach 800 ℃, and the density is obviously lower than that of the nickel-based superalloy, thus Ti 2 The AlNb-based alloy becomes one of the most potential novel intermetallic compound-based light aerospace high-temperature structural materials.
Patent of Ti 2 The preparation method of AlNb alloy and bar thereof (patent number: CN 202010305576.4) gives a method for preparing bar by extrusion, but the method has high equipment requirement and is not suitable for preparing large-sized bar. Patent of large-scale Ti 2 AlNb bar and forging method and application thereof (patent number: CN 202011560242.8) adopt a three-dimensional reversing mode to fully deform the core of the bar, but the deformation mode easily causes overlarge accumulated difference of deformation of the core and the head, and the bar is original in the preparation processThe head and the tail of the cast ingot are mixed, and the requirement of the military bar on the calibration of the head and the tail of the cast ingot is not met. In addition due to Ti 2 The AlNb alloy has larger deformation resistance, the upsetting deformation rate of the conventional titanium alloy is adopted, the core temperature rise is serious, and the structural uniformity of the bar is reduced.
Ti 2 O phase and alpha phase in AlNb alloy 2 The phases and the B2 phase are of ordered structures, the molding of the alloy is poor, the cracking of the large-size bar in the hot working process is serious, the process deformation is extremely difficult to be carried out in place, the problems of poor metallurgical quality stability of the bar, low material yield, long production period and the like are caused, the cost of the material is improved, and the popularization and the application of the material are restricted.
Based on this, the present invention combines Ti 2 Compared with the traditional titanium alloy, the AlNb alloy has the characteristics of larger deformation resistance, more serious temperature rise, easier cracking and the like, and adopts a low-temperature slow upsetting and high-temperature drawing mode to combine dynamic recrystallization and static recrystallization mechanism to refine and homogenize Ti 2 The aim of the AlNb alloy bar structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, a high-uniformity low-loss Ti is provided 2 Preparation technology of AlNb-based alloy large-size bar material, which adopts a mode of low-temperature slow upsetting + Gao Wenba length of cast ingot after cogging to better adapt to Ti 2 The AlNb alloy has the characteristics of more serious temperature rise and easier cracking, and can fully exert the functions of low-temperature dynamic recrystallization refining structure and high Wen Jingtai recrystallization on structure homogenization, so that the yield and the structure uniformity are both superior to those of the traditional process; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a preparation process of a high-uniformity low-loss Ti2 AlNb-based alloy large-size bar comprises the following steps:
step 1) firstly upsetting the cast ingot after the beta cogging at 70-50 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.0035s -1 ~0.01s -1 Then the forging stock is returned to the furnace, heated to 50-30 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawn out, forged and air cooled; repeating the step 2-3 times and then carrying out the step 2);
step 2) the forging stock is carried out at 120 to 70 ℃ below the beta phase transition pointUpsetting, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.0035s -1 ~0.01s -1 Then the forging stock is returned to the furnace, heated to 60-45 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawn out, forged and air cooled; repeating the step 2-4 times and then carrying out the step 3);
and 3) finally forging the bar at 100-45 ℃ below the beta phase transition point for 1-4 times to finish rounding forming, and obtaining a finished product.
The Ti is 2 The AlNb-based alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.5% -13%, nb:38.0 to 46 percent, mo:0 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Ti and other unavoidable impurity elements.
The cogging process of the cast ingot after the beta cogging in the step 1) comprises the following steps: heating the alloy ingot to 1150-1250 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 h, discharging from a furnace for upsetting forging, wherein the upsetting forging ratio is required to be not less than 2, the total forging ratio is not less than 4, and the final forging temperature is not less than 1000 ℃; and then heating the cast ingot to 10-40 ℃ above the beta phase transition point, upsetting and drawing for deformation for 1-2 times, wherein the upsetting forging ratio of each time is required to be not less than 2, and the total forging ratio is required to be not less than 4, so that the cast ingot after beta cogging is obtained.
The upsetting deformation of the steps 1) and 2) is 45-55%, and the forging stock drawing process can be completed within 1-3 times of fire. Further preferably, the alloy is preheated by upper and lower anvils of the press during upsetting, and the temperature is not lower than 250 ℃, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the blank are covered with asbestos insulation with a thickness of more than 20mm during upsetting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1) The invention adopts the upsetting of slow large deformation, effectively inhibits the temperature rise of the core part of the bar, obviously improves the structural uniformity of the alloy, and simultaneously can effectively refine the structure of the bar by large deformation at low temperature with single fire.
2) The combination of the high-temperature drawing process can promote the static recrystallization of the bar material in the heating stage, effectively homogenize the structure of the alloy, reduce the grinding amount and improve the high yield.
3) The bar is in a two-state structure, the finished product rate of the bar after polishing can reach more than 75%, and the finished product rate of the bar with the diameter of 300-400 mm can reach phi 1.2 flat bottom hole-6 dB at the ultrasonic flaw detection level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of Ti prepared in example 1 2 Forged structure pictures of AlNb bars;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of Ti prepared in example 2 2 And (5) forging state structure pictures of the AlNb bar.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, ti with 680mm diameter is used 2 The AlNb-based alloy cast ingot comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.8%, nb:43%, mo:0.99 percent, the balance being Ti and other unavoidable impurity elements, wherein the beta phase transition point of the alloy cast ingot detected by a metallography method is 1053 ℃; after the primary cogging of the alloy ingot is finished at 1200 ℃, the upsetting and drawing deformation of 2 times of fire is finished at 1080 ℃ to obtain Ti 2 The AlNb forging stock was subjected to the bar preparation process test of examples 1 and 2 after the forging stock was equally divided in the middle. The preheating temperature of the hammer head in the forging process is 400 ℃.
And step 1) and 2), during upsetting in the working procedures, the upper end and the lower end are covered with asbestos with the thickness of 20mm, the blank is firstly heated to the target temperature during drawing, then the periphery and the end of the blank are wrapped by asbestos with the thickness of 5mm after being discharged from the furnace, and the blank is drawn out after being returned to the furnace for heat preservation for 30 min.
Example 1:
step 1) upsetting the forging stock at 990 ℃ below the beta transus point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.005s -1 Upsetting deformation is 45%; then the forging stock is returned to the furnace and heated to 1010 ℃ below the beta phase transition point for drawing, the drawing forging ratio is 2, and the forging stock is cooled in air after forging; this step is then repeated 3 times before step 2).
Step 2) upsetting the forging stock at 950 ℃ below the beta transus point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.004s -1 Upsetting deformation is 50%; and then returning the forging stock to the furnace, heating to 1000 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawing, wherein the drawing forging ratio is 2, and air cooling after forging.
And 3) finally, carrying out rolling forming on the bar at 980 ℃ below the beta transformation point through 3-fire forging until phi 312mm is obtained, and obtaining the finished bar with phi 301mm after turning.
The yield of the bar is 81%, manual half-sound Cheng Tanshang is carried out by adopting phi 2.0 flat bottom holes, and the clutter of the bar is lower than-12 dB.
The head and middle of the bar are taken with test pieces 25mm thick, and the properties of the test pieces after heat preservation at 1010 ℃ for 2h, oil cooling and air cooling at 780 ℃ for 24h are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Ti in example 1 2 Tensile Property of AlNb forgings
Example 2:
step 1) upsetting the forging stock at 990 ℃ below the beta transus point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.008s -1 Upsetting deformation is 50%; then the forging stock is returned to the furnace and heated to 1003 ℃ below the beta phase transition point for drawing, the drawing forging ratio is 2, and the forging stock is cooled in air after forging; this step is then repeated 2 times followed by step 2).
Step 2) upsetting the forging stock at 940 ℃ below the beta transus point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.004s -1 Upsetting deformation is 55%; and then the forging stock is returned to the furnace and heated to 1005 ℃ below the beta phase transition point for drawing, the drawing forging ratio is 2.2, and the forging stock is cooled in air after forging. This step is repeated 4 times and then step 3) is performed.
And 3) finally, carrying out rolling forming on the bar at 980 ℃ below the beta phase transition point through forging for 2 times until the bar is phi 415mm, and obtaining a finished bar with phi 400mm after turning.
The yield of the bar is 78%, manual half-sound Cheng Tanshang is carried out by adopting phi 1.2 flat bottom holes, and the clutter of the bar is lower than-9 dB.
The head and middle of the bar are taken with test pieces 25mm thick, and the properties of the test pieces after heat preservation at 1010 ℃ for 2h, oil cooling and air cooling at 780 ℃ for 24h are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Ti in example 2 2 Tensile Property of AlNb forgings
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. High-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 The preparation process of the AlNb-based alloy large-size bar is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1) firstly upsetting the cast ingot after the beta cogging at 70-50 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.0035s -1 ~0.01s -1 Then the forging stock is returned to the furnace, heated to 50-30 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawn out, forged and air cooled; repeating the step 2-3 times and then carrying out the step 2);
step 2) upsetting the forging stock at 120-70 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, wherein the upsetting deformation rate is 0.0035s -1 ~0.01s -1 Then the forging stock is returned to the furnace, heated to 60-45 ℃ below the beta phase transition point, drawn out, forged and air cooled; repeating the step 2-4 times and then carrying out the step 3);
step 3), finally forging the bar at 100-45 ℃ below the beta phase transition point for 1-4 times to finish rounding forming, and obtaining a finished product;
production of Ti 2 Ti in AlNb-based alloy large-sized bar 2 The AlNb-based alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9.5% -13%, nb:38.0 to 46 percent, mo:0 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Ti and other unavoidable impurity elements;
the upsetting deformation of the steps 1) and 2) is 45-55%, and the forging stock drawing process is completed within 1-3 times of fire;
the cogging process of the cast ingot after the beta cogging in the step 1) comprises the following steps: heating the alloy ingot to 1150-1250 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 h, discharging from a furnace for upsetting forging, wherein the upsetting forging ratio is required to be not less than 2, the total forging ratio is not less than 4, and the final forging temperature is not less than 1000 ℃; and then heating the cast ingot to 10-40 ℃ above the beta phase transition point, upsetting and drawing for deformation for 1-2 times, wherein the upsetting forging ratio of each time is required to be not less than 2, and the total forging ratio is required to be not less than 4, so that the cast ingot after beta cogging is obtained.
2. A high uniformity and low loss Ti according to claim 1 2 The preparation process of the AlNb-based alloy large-size bar is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the upper and lower hammering blocks of the press are preheated when the alloy is upsetting, the temperature is not lower than 250 ℃, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the blank are covered with asbestos heat insulation with the thickness of more than 20mm in the upsetting process.
CN202210370245.8A 2022-04-09 2022-04-09 High-uniformity low-loss Ti 2 Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy large-size bar Active CN114833285B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6589371B1 (en) * 1996-10-18 2003-07-08 General Electric Company Method of processing titanium metal alloys
CN104001845A (en) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-27 钢铁研究总院 Forging process method of Ti2AlNb alloy large-size disk parts
CN104139139A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-11-12 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 Roll forming and heat treatment method of Ti2AlNb-based alloy cartridge receiver ring element
CN111394637A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-07-10 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Ti2AlNb alloy and preparation method of bar thereof
CN112207220A (en) * 2020-08-28 2021-01-12 中国科学院金属研究所 Ti2Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy ring piece
CN112247043A (en) * 2020-08-28 2021-01-22 中国科学院金属研究所 Ti2Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy forging
CN112275966A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-01-29 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 Large specification of Ti2AlNb alloy ring piece and manufacturing method thereof
CN112275984A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-01-29 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 Large specification of Ti2AlNb bar and forging method and application thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6589371B1 (en) * 1996-10-18 2003-07-08 General Electric Company Method of processing titanium metal alloys
CN104001845A (en) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-27 钢铁研究总院 Forging process method of Ti2AlNb alloy large-size disk parts
CN104139139A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-11-12 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 Roll forming and heat treatment method of Ti2AlNb-based alloy cartridge receiver ring element
CN111394637A (en) * 2020-04-17 2020-07-10 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Ti2AlNb alloy and preparation method of bar thereof
CN112207220A (en) * 2020-08-28 2021-01-12 中国科学院金属研究所 Ti2Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy ring piece
CN112247043A (en) * 2020-08-28 2021-01-22 中国科学院金属研究所 Ti2Preparation process of AlNb-based alloy forging
CN112275966A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-01-29 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 Large specification of Ti2AlNb alloy ring piece and manufacturing method thereof
CN112275984A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-01-29 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 Large specification of Ti2AlNb bar and forging method and application thereof

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