CN114830277A

CN114830277A - Arc extinguishing switch and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114830277A
Application number: CN202080084295.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭桥石
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-23
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2022-07-29
Also published as: WO2021129562A1

Abstract

An arc extinguishing switch and its operation method, the mechanical switch (K) needed to extinguish arc is connected with load (RL), it is a semiconductor switch (S1), the reverse withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch (S1) is higher than its forward withstand voltage value, during the breaking process of the mechanical switch (K), a power supply (U1) supplies power to the load (RL) through the semiconductor switch (S1) for arc extinguishing of the mechanical switch (K), the forward withstand voltage value is smaller than the voltage value of the power supply (U1). The arc-extinguishing switch has the advantage of low cost.

Description

Arc extinguishing switch and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to an arc-extinguishing switch and a using method thereof, in particular to an arc-extinguishing switch suitable for arc extinguishing of a medium-high voltage mechanical switch (or other breakpoints) and a using method thereof.

Background

At present, when the electronic arc extinction is carried out on a mechanical switch with more than thousands of volts, a high-voltage semiconductor device is needed to be used as an arc extinction switch, and the defect of high cost exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of high cost of a medium-high voltage arc-extinguishing switch, and provides an arc-extinguishing switch with low cost and a using method thereof.

The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:

a mechanical switch for arc extinction is connected with a load and is a semiconductor switch, the reverse withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch is higher than the forward withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch, in the breaking process of the mechanical switch, a power supply supplies power to the load through the semiconductor switch and is used for arc extinction of the mechanical switch, and the forward withstand voltage value is smaller than the voltage value of the power supply.

The difference between the voltage value of a power supply and the voltage values at two ends of a load is smaller than a forward withstand voltage value.

The working principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the semiconductor switch S1, the mechanical switch K to be extinguished, is connected to the load RL, the reverse withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch S1 is higher than the forward withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch S1, the semiconductor switch S1 is controlled to be turned on during the breaking process of the mechanical switch K, and the power supply U1 supplies power to the load RL through the semiconductor switch S1, so that the purpose of extinguishing the arc of the mechanical switch K is achieved.

The invention has the advantage of low cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an arc extinguishing switch and a method for using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an embodiment of an arc extinguishing switch and a method for using the same according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment of the arc-extinguishing switch and the control method thereof of the invention is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, the semiconductor switch S1 is composed of a thyristor SCR1 (unidirectional thyristor) and a diode D1 which are connected in series, in the breaking process of the mechanical switch K, the power supply U1 can be provided by a capacitor, the capacitor is charged fully, in the breaking process of the mechanical switch K, the semiconductor switch S1 is controlled to be turned on, the power supply U1 supplies power to the load RL through the semiconductor switch S1, and the potential difference between the two ends of the load RL is increased, so that the arc extinguishing purpose of the mechanical switch K is achieved; in the breaking process of the mechanical switch K, the arcing voltage of the mechanical switch K is far less than the forward voltage (between dozens of volts and hundreds of volts) of the semiconductor switch S1, the forward withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch S1 can be far less than the voltage value of the power supply U1 and the working voltage of the load RL, the working requirement can be met if the mechanical switch K connected with the load RL with the working voltage of 10 kilovolts is arc-extinguished by the power supply U1 with the voltage value of 10 kilovolts, and the working requirement can be met if the forward withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch S1 is 1 kilovolt (the thyristor SCR1 adopts a common thyristor which can meet the working requirement), and as long as the reverse withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch S1 is greater than the working voltage of the load RL, the arc extinction of the mechanical switch with the voltage of 10 kilovolts and the current of hundreds or thousands of amperes can be controlled by connecting the common thyristor in series with a plurality of common diodes.

The forward voltage withstanding value of the semiconductor switch S1 is smaller than the voltage value of the power supply U1, so that the cost of the semiconductor switch is reduced, the reverse voltage withstanding value of the semiconductor switch S1 is larger than the voltage value of the power supply U1 (or two ends of a load RL), and in order to prevent the forward breakdown of the semiconductor switch S1, the difference between the voltage value of the power supply U1 and the voltage value of the two ends of the load U1 is not larger than the forward voltage withstanding value; providing a reverse voltage of the semiconductor switch S1, and then providing a forward voltage of the semiconductor switch S1; or the rising rate of the forward voltage (voltage across U1) of the supply semiconductor switch S1 is smaller than that of the reverse voltage (voltage across load RL) of the supply semiconductor switch S1, it is recommended that the reverse withstand voltage value of the semiconductor switch S1 be greater than twice the forward withstand voltage value thereof.

As shown in fig. 2, after the mechanical switch K is closed, the voltage at the two ends of the load RL charges the capacitor connected to the end of the power supply U1 through the resistor R1 and the diode D2, and in the breaking process of the mechanical switch K, the capacitor C1 triggers the thyristor SCR1 to be turned on through the diode D1 and the zener diode Z1, the power supply U1 supplies power to the load RL through the semiconductor switch S1, and the potential difference at the two ends of the load RL is increased, so that the arc extinguishing purpose of the mechanical switch K is achieved.

Note that: the embodiment of the invention is DC arc extinction, can also be used for AC arc extinction (synchronous arc extinction), and can be additionally provided with related components for AC arc extinction or bidirectional DC arc extinction according to requirements; in the above embodiment, the semiconductor switch S1 is not limited to the use of a thyristor and a diode in series (which has the advantages of simple circuit and flexible design), and a (special) unidirectional thyristor with a reverse withstand voltage value 1.5 times higher than a forward withstand voltage value may be used.

The mechanical switch comprises a mechanical switch with controllable disconnection, a fault breakpoint and the like, wherein the breakpoint can generate electric arcs.

In summary, the present invention breaks through the inertial thinking that the forward withstand voltage value of the arc-extinguishing switch needs to be higher than the voltage value of the arc-extinguishing power supply by the skilled person. The invention is especially suitable for the arc extinction of medium and high voltage systems with voltages of more than thousands of volts, and the arc extinction switch has the advantage of low cost.

Claims

The utility model provides an arc extinguishing switch, the mechanical switch and the load connection of required arc extinguishing, characterized by: the circuit is a semiconductor switch, the reverse voltage withstanding value of the semiconductor switch is higher than the forward voltage withstanding value of the semiconductor switch, in the breaking process of the mechanical switch, a power supply supplies power to the load through the semiconductor switch and is used for arc extinction of the mechanical switch, and the forward voltage withstanding value is smaller than the voltage value of the power supply.
The arc suppressing switch of claim 1, wherein: the semiconductor switch is composed of a thyristor and at least one diode which are connected in series, and the diode and the thyristor form a series circuit.
An arc quenching switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: the thyristor is a unidirectional thyristor.
An arc suppressing switch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reverse withstand voltage value is higher than the operating voltage of the load.
The arc suppressing switch of claim 1, wherein: and the difference between the voltage value and the voltage values at two ends of the load is smaller than the forward withstand voltage value.
The arc suppressing switch of claim 1, wherein: the power supply is provided by a capacitor.
A method of using an arc suppressing switch according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized by: providing the reverse voltage of the semiconductor switch, and then providing the forward voltage of the semiconductor switch; or the rate of rise of the forward voltage providing the semiconductor switch is less than the rate of rise of the reverse voltage providing the semiconductor switch.
Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the power supply is provided by a capacitor, the capacitor is fully charged, and in the breaking process of the mechanical switch, the power supply supplies power to the load through the semiconductor switch.