CN114829251A - 为船舶供应燃料的系统和方法 - Google Patents

为船舶供应燃料的系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN114829251A
CN114829251A CN201980101825.3A CN201980101825A CN114829251A CN 114829251 A CN114829251 A CN 114829251A CN 201980101825 A CN201980101825 A CN 201980101825A CN 114829251 A CN114829251 A CN 114829251A
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engine
storage tank
fuel
liquefied gas
discharged
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金善填
李承哲
郑蕙旼
崔鎭好
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Hanwha Ocean Co Ltd
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Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/38—Apparatus or methods specially adapted for use on marine vessels, for handling power plant or unit liquids, e.g. lubricants, coolants, fuels or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
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    • F02M21/0245—High pressure fuel supply systems; Rails; Pumps; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
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    • F02M21/0287—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers characterised by the transition from liquid to gaseous phase ; Injection in liquid phase; Cooling and low temperature storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/20—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4486—Floating storage vessels, other than vessels for hydrocarbon production and storage, e.g. for liquid cargo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开一种用于为船舶供应燃料的系统和方法。用于为船舶供应燃料的本方法，其中1)将过量液化气供应到供应以不可压缩流体为燃料的引擎(E)；2)在引擎(E)中使用后剩余且随后从引擎(E)排出的过剩燃料通过与从存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行相同的热交换而冷却；3)在步骤2)中已进行热交换和冷却的过剩燃料在从引擎(E)排出后返回到存储罐(T)；以及4)在步骤2)中用作热交换的冷却剂的液化气在从存储罐(T)排出后供应到引擎(E)，因此将能够适应引擎的负载变化的过量液化气作为燃料供应到引擎，从而防止引擎空化。

Description

为船舶供应燃料的系统和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于船舶的燃料供应系统和使用其的燃料供应方法，所述燃料供应系统使用如液化石油气的不可压缩流体作为引擎的燃料。
背景技术
通常，石油气体在生产场所通过低温液化转换为液化石油气(LiquefiedPetroleum Gas；LPG)后，由LPG载具运输到远距离目的地。
常规地，如重燃料油(Heavy Fuel Oil；HFO)或船用柴油(Marine Diesel Oil；MDO)的燃料油已用作LPG载具的引擎的燃料。作为LPG载具的货物，LPG通常存储在存储罐中。此处，将在存储罐中产生的蒸发气体(Boil Off Gas；BOG)在再液化设备中进行再液化且随后输送至及存储在存储罐中。
因而，在典型LPG载具中，燃料和货物由单独的系统处置或处理，且没有办法将作为货物存储在存储罐中的LPG用作引擎的燃料。
最近，人们对将作为货物存储在存储罐中的LPG作为燃料供应给引擎的方法的兴趣逐渐增加。
发明内容
技术难题
本发明的实施例提供一种用于船舶的燃料供应系统和使用其的船舶燃料供应方法，其中从引擎排出的未消耗燃料通过与作为引擎燃料的从存储罐排出的液化气进行热交换而冷却，以便在将未消耗燃料送回存储罐之前减小未消耗燃料的体积。
解决问题的手段
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种用于船舶的燃料供应方法，包含：1)将过量液化气作为燃料供应到以不可压缩流体为燃料的引擎(E)；2)通过与从存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行热交换而冷却从引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料；3)使从引擎(E)排出且在步骤2)中已通过热交换冷却的未消耗燃料返回到存储罐(T)；以及4)将从存储罐(T)排出且在步骤2)中已用作热交换的制冷剂的液化气供应到引擎(E)，由此通过将足够适应引擎的负载变化的过量液化气供应到引擎来防止引擎中的空化。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于船舶的燃料供应系统，包含：管线，从不可压缩流体燃料引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料通过其返回到存储罐(T)；和热交换器(30)，提供到管线且通过与从存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行热交换来冷却未消耗燃料，其中将从存储罐(T)排出且已在热交换器(30)中用作制冷剂的液化气供应到引擎(E)，将过量液化气作为燃料供应到引擎(E)以适应引擎(E)的负载变化，且将在引擎(E)中使用后剩余的燃料从引擎(E)排出且在穿过热交换器(30)后送回到存储罐。
燃料供应系统可进一步包含：第一泵(10)，安置在存储罐(T)中且从存储罐(T)泵抽出液化气。
燃料供应系统可进一步包含：第二泵(20)，安置在热交换器(30)的上游且泵抽从存储罐(T)排出的液化气。
燃料供应系统可进一步包含：第二泵(20)，安置在热交换器(30)的下游且泵抽已在热交换器(30)中进行热交换的液化气。
燃料供应系统可进一步包含：加热器(40)，将从存储罐(T)排出且在热交换器(30)中已用作制冷剂的液化气加热到引擎(E)所需的温度。
燃料供应系统可进一步包含：减压单元(50)，将从引擎(E)排出且已通过热交换器(30)冷却的未消耗燃料减压到存储罐(T)的内部压力且将所减压燃料传送到存储罐(T)。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于船舶的燃料供应方法，包含:1)将过量液化气作为燃料供应到引擎(E)且从引擎(E)排出未消耗燃料；2)通过与从存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行热交换来冷却从引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料；3)使从引擎(E)排出且在步骤2)中已通过热交换冷却的未消耗燃料返回到存储罐(T)；以及4)将从存储罐(T)排出且在步骤2)中已用作热交换的制冷剂的液化气供应到引擎(E)。
发明的效果
根据本发明的燃料供应系统和方法可以简单且经济的方式减小从引擎排出的未消耗燃料的体积，无需任何额外的制冷剂或装置，从而允许减小存储罐的容量。
此外，根据本发明，由于在将液化气传送到加热器加热到引擎所需的温度之前，从存储罐排出的液化气通过与从引擎排出的未消耗燃料进行热交换而加热，因此可减小加热器消耗的能量。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的用于船舶的燃料供应系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
下文将参考附图详细描述本发明的示例性实施例。应理解本发明可以不同方式体现且不限于以下实施例。
图1是根据本发明的一个示例性实施例的用于船舶的燃料供应系统的示意图。
参考图1，根据这一实施例的用于船舶的燃料供应系统包含通过与从存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行热交换而冷却从引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料的热交换器(30)。
根据这一实施例的存储罐(T)存储用作引擎(E)的燃料的液化气。在作为燃料供应到引擎(E)之前，从存储罐(T)排出的液化气在热交换器(30)中用作制冷剂。
根据这一实施例，在过量液化气作为燃料供应到引擎(E)后，未由引擎(E)消耗的燃料从引擎(E)排出。将从引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料传送到热交换器(30)。从引擎(E)排出后传送到热交换器(30)的未消耗燃料在通过热交换器(30)冷却后返回到存储罐(T)。
在可压缩气态流体(Compressible Fluid)作为燃料供应到引擎(E)的情况下，即使在引擎(E)突然需要大量燃料时，仍有可能通过用可压缩气态流体将燃料供应管线填充到略高于引擎(E)所需的压力而立即将所需量的燃料供应到引擎，使得燃料(可压缩气态流体)可以压缩到一定程度上的状态存在于燃料供应管线中。因此，在不考虑引擎(E)的负载变化的情况下，可实现稳定的燃料供应。
相反，在不可压缩液态流体(Incompressible Fluid)作为燃料供应到引擎(E)的情况下，由于不可压缩液态流体在向流体施加压力后发生不显著的体积改变，因此不可能使用用燃料将燃料供应管线填充到略高于引擎(E)所需的压力的方法。
如果在引擎(E)突然需要大量燃料时未能满足引擎(E)的燃料需求，那么引擎(E)可遭受空化。
因此，本发明的发明人得出结论，与其造成引擎(E)燃料短缺的情况，不如供应比引擎所需更多的燃料。
根据这一实施例，将适应引擎(E)的负载变化的足够量的液化气而非仅按引擎(E)需要的量的液化气供应到引擎(E)，且将未由引擎(E)消耗的液化气从引擎(E)排出。
因此，根据本发明，即使当不可压缩液态流体作为燃料供应到引擎时，仍可确保引擎的稳定燃料供应。
根据这一实施例，燃料供应系统可以引擎(E)的燃料需求的100％至120％的量将液化气供应到引擎(E)，具体地说，以引擎(E)的燃料需求的110％的量。
此外，根据这一实施例，从引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料可具有约60℃的温度和约45巴的压力。
根据这一实施例的燃料供应系统可进一步包含以下各项中的至少一个：第一泵(10)，安置在存储罐(T)中以从存储罐(T)泵抽出液化气；第二泵(20)，安置在热交换器(30)的上游以进一步泵抽从存储罐(T)排出的液化气；加热器(40)，将已在热交换器(30)中用作制冷剂的液化气加热到引擎(E)所需的温度；以及减压单元(50)，将从引擎(E)排出且已通过热交换器(30)冷却的未消耗燃料减压到存储罐(T)的内部压力且将所减压燃料传送到存储罐(T)。
根据这一实施例，将从存储罐(T)排出的液化气传送到热交换器(30)以在通过第二泵(20)进行泵抽后进行热交换，如图1中所示出。然而，应理解，本发明不限于此且从存储罐(T)排出的液化气可在热交换器(30)中进行热交换后通过第二泵(20)泵抽(也就是说，第二泵(20)可安置在热交换器(30)的下游)。
根据这一实施例的加热器(40)可将液化气加热到约40℃到约50℃的温度，具体来说约45℃。
根据这一实施例的减压单元(50)可将液化气减压到约15巴到约20巴的压力，具体来说约19巴。此处，通过减压单元(50)减压到约19巴的压力的流体可具有约48℃的温度。
根据这一实施例的减压单元(50)可为适用于减小流体压力的任何装置，具体来说，如焦耳-汤姆森(Joule-Thomson)阀门的膨胀阀。
当燃料供应系统包含减压单元(50)时，由于减压单元(50)减压的流体的温度高和体积大，可存在如存储罐(T)中液化气的温度增加和必须增加存储罐(T)的容量的问题。然而，根据这一实施例，由于从引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料在传送到减压单元(50)之前通过热交换器(30)冷却，因此有可能防止这些问题。因此，根据这一实施例的燃料供应系统可有利地用于采用减压单元(50)的应用中。
此外，当根据这一实施例的燃料供应系统包含加热器(40)时，从存储罐(T)排出的液化气在热交换器(30)中用作制冷剂后传送到加热器(40)。也就是说，从存储罐(T)排出的液化气在传送到加热器(40)前通过在热交换器(30)中进行热交换而加热。因此，根据这一实施例，可减小加热器(40)消耗的能量。
尽管本文中已描述一些实施例，但对于本领域中的技术人员来说将显而易见的是，这些实施例仅用于说明且不以任何方式解释为限制本发明，且可在不脱离本发明的精神和范畴的情况下作出各种改变和修饰。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于船舶的燃料供应方法，包括：
1)将过量液化气作为燃料供应到以不可压缩流体为燃料的引擎(E)；
2)通过与从存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行热交换来冷却从所述引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料；
3)使从所述引擎(E)排出且在步骤2)中已通过热交换冷却的所述未消耗燃料返回到所述存储罐(T)；以及
4)将从所述存储罐(T)排出且在步骤2)中已用作热交换的制冷剂的所述液化气供应到所述引擎(E)，
由此，通过将足够适应所述引擎(E)的负载变化的所述过量液化气供应到所述引擎(E)来防止所述引擎(E)中的空化。
2.一种用于船舶的燃料供应系统，包括：
管线，从以不可压缩流体为燃料的引擎(E)排出的未消耗燃料通过其返回到存储罐(T)；以及
热交换器(30)，提供到所述管线且通过与从所述存储罐(T)排出的液化气进行热交换来冷却所述未消耗燃料，
其中，将从所述存储罐(T)排出且已在所述热交换器(30)中用作制冷剂的所述液化气供应到所述引擎(E)，
将过量液化气作为燃料供应到所述引擎(E)以适应所述引擎(E)的负载变化，且
在所述引擎(E)中使用后剩余的燃料从所述引擎(E)排出且在穿过所述热交换器(30)后送回到所述存储罐(T)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于船舶的燃料供应系统，进一步包括：
第一泵(10)，安置在所述存储罐(T)中且从所述存储罐(T)泵抽出所述液化气。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于船舶的燃料供应系统，进一步包括：
第二泵(20)，安置在所述热交换器(30)的上游且泵抽从所述存储罐(T)排出的所述液化气。
5.根据权利要求2所述的用于船舶的燃料供应系统，进一步包括：
第二泵(20)，安置在所述热交换器(30)的下游且泵抽已在所述热交换器(30)中进行热交换的所述液化气。
6.根据权利要求2所述的用于船舶的燃料供应系统，进一步包括：
加热器(40)，将从所述存储罐(T)排出且已在所述热交换器(30)中用作制冷剂的所述液化气加热到所述引擎(E)所需的温度。
7.根据权利要求2所述的用于船舶的燃料供应系统，进一步包括：
减压单元(50)，将从所述引擎(E)排出且已通过所述热交换器(30)冷却的所述未消耗燃料减压到所述存储罐(T)的内部压力且将减压后的所述未消耗燃料传送到所述存储罐(T)。
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