CN114826395A - Photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measurement method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measurement method, which comprises the steps of carrying out time domain stretching on a wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with an increased pulse width; acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two antennas, and carrying out carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies to generate a modulated optical pulse signal; performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information; carrying out photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal; and solving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the generated electric pulse signal. The invention also discloses a photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measuring device. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device can simultaneously acquire accurate information of the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected, and have the advantages of simpler structure, higher real-time performance and higher resolution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave signal measurement, in particular to a microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle measuring method based on a microwave photon technology.
Background
The angle of arrival and amplitude information of the microwave signal can be used to obtain the position and distance of the target. At present, an electronic research method for measuring an arrival angle is mainly a digital measurement method, and includes the steps of firstly adopting an analog link to amplify, filter, mix and the like analog radio-frequency signals received by an antenna, then adopting an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the processed analog signals into digital signals, and finally adopting a proper algorithm to digitally process the converted digital signals, so that the arrival angle of microwave signals to be measured is obtained. With the increase of the central frequency and the bandwidth of a signal to be measured, due to the existence of electronic bottlenecks such as limited sampling rate, smaller device bandwidth and the like, the traditional electronic method is difficult to realize broadband, real-time and high-resolution arrival angle measurement.
The photon technology has the advantages of high-speed processing, electromagnetic interference resistance, large instantaneous bandwidth and the like, and can effectively overcome the challenges of an electronic method. In recent years, methods for measuring the arrival angle of a microwave signal using microwave photon technology have been proposed, and the current methods can be roughly classified into three categories: an arrival angle estimation method based on optical domain down-conversion, a phase scanning method and a phase-intensity mapping method. An arrival angle estimation method based on optical domain down-conversion (see [ z.zhang, m.chen, q.guo, et al. "" Photonic mixing approach to medium the angle-of-arrival of microwave signals, "in 2016Conference on Lasers and Electro-optics (cleo)", 1-2(2016) ]) uses a microwave Photonic down-converter to down-convert radio frequency signals received by different antennas into intermediate frequency signals, then uses a phase detector to measure a phase difference of the intermediate frequency signals, and finally reversely deduces an arrival angle of an input signal according to the phase difference and the spatial distribution of the antennas. However, this method still requires intermediate frequency processing, and thus the measurement bandwidth is still limited. Phase scanning (see [ P.Li, L.Yan, J.Ye, et al. "Angle-of-arrival estimation of microwave signals based on optical phase scanning" "Journal of Lightwave Technology,37 (24); 6048-; however, this scheme is not very real-time due to the required scan time. The core idea of the phase-intensity mapping method is to make two paths of microwave signals complete interference in an optical domain or an electric domain, establish a mapping relation between a phase difference and system output intensity, reversely deduce the phase difference between the signals by measuring the intensity of the system output signal, and reversely deduce the arrival angle of the input signal by combining the spatial distribution of the antenna. In 2012, two cascaded electro-optical modulators are adopted by x.zou et al, and phase detection of 18GHz microwave signals from-160 ° to 40 ° is experimentally realized, with an error lower than ± 2.5 °. The principle of this scheme is shown in figure 1. Microwave signals received by the two antennas are interfered in an optical domain in a cascade modulation mode, so that the power of the modulated optical carrier is a function of the phase difference of the microwave signals to be measured. The optical power at the optical carrier is measured by a power meter, and then the phase difference and the arrival angle of the input microwave signal can be deduced back (see [ x.zou, w.li, w.pan, et. "Photonic amplification to the measurement of time-difference-of-arrival and angle-of-arrival of a microwave signal," Optics letters,37(4) ]).
The three methods for measuring the arrival angle of the microwave signal based on the microwave photon technology convert the measurement of the arrival angle into the measurement of the phase difference, however, the delay difference is reversely deduced from the phase difference, and the process of reversely deducing the arrival angle needs the frequency information of the signal, so the methods all depend on the advanced measurement of the frequency. Where the phase-intensity mapping method also relies on a prior measurement of the input signal amplitude. In order to eliminate the dependence of photon-assisted angle of arrival measurements on frequency and amplitude information, new methods have been proposed. In 2020, s.li et al, based on the structures of a dual parallel mach-zehnder modulator (DP-MZM) and an asymmetric mach-zehnder interferometer (AMZI), completed simultaneous measurement of the chirp rate of a linear frequency modulation signal and the AOA in the range of 5 ° to 175 ° by estimating the frequency information of the output two-tone signal. The method takes advantage of the inherent characteristics of the LFM signal and does not require prior measurement of frequency and amplitude. However, this scheme is only applicable to LFM signals, and the application scenarios are limited (see [ s.li, h.cao, x.zheng, "current photosonic measurement of angle-of-arrival and chip rate of microwave LFM signal," Chinese Optics Letters,18(12),123902- (2020) ]).
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measurement method, can simultaneously obtain accurate information of the frequency, amplitude and arrival angle of a microwave signal to be measured, and has simpler structure and higher resolution.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measurement method comprises the steps of performing time domain stretching on a wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with an increased pulse width; acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two spatially separated antennas, and performing carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies of the microwave signal to be detected firstly and secondly to generate a modulated optical pulse signal; performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information; performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal to generate an electric pulse signal which contains a reference pulse and two signal pulses in each period and is symmetrical about the reference pulse; and solving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signal.
Preferably, the resolving is performed in particular according to the following formula:
wherein, ω is RF 、V RF Theta is the angular frequency, amplitude and arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected respectively; d is the second-order dispersion value of the dispersion medium used for time domain stretching, alpha and V π Beta is the insertion loss, half-wave voltage, modulation depth, J of the electro-optic modulator n (. is a Bessel function of order n, A 0 Height of a broad-spectrum ultra-narrow light pulse, A 1 、A 2 The heights of the signal pulse and the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period are respectively, G is the gain of the photoelectric detector, delta t is the time interval of the signal pulse and the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period, and tau 0 The time difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured and the two receiving antennas is phi, the phase difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured when the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured meet and interfere in the second electro-optical modulator is phi, v is the propagation speed of the optical signal in a link between the two electro-optical modulators, L is the length of the optical link between the two electro-optical modulators, k is an integer, and d is the distance between the two antennas.
Preferably, the time-domain stretching and the time-domain compression are performed separately using two dispersive media with opposite second-order dispersion amounts.
Preferably, the electro-optical modulation is performed using two cascaded electro-optical modulators.
Based on the same inventive concept, the following technical scheme can be obtained:
a photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement device, comprising:
the time domain stretching module is used for performing time domain stretching on the wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with increased pulse width;
the electro-optical modulation module is used for acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two spatially separated antennas, and performing carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies of the microwave signal to be detected first and then to generate a modulated optical pulse signal;
the time domain compression module is used for performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information;
the photoelectric detection module is used for performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal and generating an electric pulse signal which contains one reference pulse and two signal pulses in each period and is symmetrical about the reference pulse; and the resolving module is used for resolving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signal.
Preferably, the calculation module performs the calculation specifically according to the following formula:
wherein, ω is RF 、V RF Theta is the angular frequency, amplitude and arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected respectively; d is the second-order dispersion value of the dispersion medium used by the time domain stretching module, alpha and V π Beta is the insertion loss, half-wave voltage, modulation depth, J of the electro-optic modulator n (. is a Bessel function of order n, A 0 Height of a broad-spectrum ultra-narrow light pulse, A 1 、A 2 The height of the signal pulse and the height of the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period respectively, G is the gain of the photoelectric detector, delta t is the time interval of the signal pulse and the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period, and tau 0 The time difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured and the two receiving antennas, phi is the phase difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured when they meet and interfere in the second electro-optical modulator, v is the propagation speed of the optical signal in the link between the two electro-optical modulators, L is the length of the optical link between the two electro-optical modulators, k is an integer, and d is the distance between the two antennas.
Preferably, the time domain stretching module and the time domain compressing module are two dispersive media with opposite second-order dispersion amounts.
Preferably, the electro-optical modulation module is composed of two cascaded electro-optical modulators.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention is based on the cascade electro-optical modulation and the photon real-time Fourier transform technology, realizes the simultaneous measurement of the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal, and solves the problem that the existing photon-assisted arrival angle measurement method depends on the advanced measurement of the frequency and the amplitude.
(2) The invention maps the frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information of the microwave signal to be detected to the time domain waveform of the system output signal, and can obtain the frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information of the microwave signal to be detected by time domain detection of the output signal without complex signal processing in a digital domain, and the system has high real-time performance and working frequency range.
(3) According to the invention, the microwave signal is modulated at the +/-2 order sideband, and compared with a general photon real-time Fourier transform method for modulating the microwave signal at the +/-1 order sideband, the frequency resolution of the system is improved by 1 time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional microwave signal arrival angle measurement system based on cascade modulation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows simulation results of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the solution idea of the invention is to map the frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information of a microwave signal to be measured onto the time domain waveform of a system output signal based on the cascade electro-optic modulation and the photon real-time Fourier transform technology, and the frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information of the microwave signal to be measured can be simultaneously obtained by time domain detection of the output signal, thereby solving the problem that the existing photon-assisted arrival angle measuring method depends on the advanced measurement of frequency and amplitude; the system has high real-time performance and working frequency range because complex signal processing is not required in a digital domain; as the microwave signal is modulated at the +/-2-order sideband by adopting the cascade mode, compared with the general photon real-time Fourier transform method for modulating the microwave signal at the +/-1-order sideband, the frequency resolution of the system is improved by 1 time.
The invention provides a photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
performing time domain stretching on the wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with increased pulse width; acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two spatially separated antennas, and performing carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies of the microwave signal to be detected firstly and secondly to generate a modulated optical pulse signal; performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information; performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal to generate an electric pulse signal which contains a reference pulse and two signal pulses in each period and is symmetrical about the reference pulse; and solving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signal.
The invention provides a photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measuring device, which comprises:
the time domain stretching module is used for performing time domain stretching on the wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with increased pulse width;
the electro-optical modulation module is used for acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two spatially separated antennas, and performing carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies of the microwave signal to be detected firstly and secondly to generate a modulated optical pulse signal;
the time domain compression module is used for performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information;
the photoelectric detection module is used for performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal and generating an electric pulse signal which contains one reference pulse and two signal pulses in each period and is symmetrical about the reference pulse; and the resolving module is used for resolving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signal.
For the public understanding, the technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail by a specific embodiment and the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 2, the measuring apparatus of the present embodiment includes: 1 optical pulse generator, 1 dispersion medium with second-order dispersion value D (chirped fiber bragg grating is used in this embodiment), 2 mach-zehnder modulators, 1 dispersion medium with second-order dispersion value-D (chirped fiber bragg grating is used in this embodiment), 1 photodetector, and 1 oscilloscope.
The optical pulse generator and the chirped fiber Bragg grating with the second-order dispersion value of D form a time domain stretching module which is used for generating a wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence and performing time domain stretching on the wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirped optical pulse signal with the increased pulse width.
The 2 cascaded Mach-Zehnder modulators form an electro-optical modulation module, and are used for modulating two copies of the microwave signal to be measured from the two spatially separated antennas on the chirped optical pulse signal in a carrier suppression double-sideband cascaded modulation mode to generate a modulated optical pulse signal.
And the 1 chirped fiber Bragg grating with the second-order dispersion value of-D is used as a time domain compression module and is used for performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal simultaneously carrying microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information.
The photoelectric detector forms a photoelectric detection module for performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal, each period of the generated electric pulse signal comprises a reference pulse and two signal pulses, and the two signal pulses are symmetrical about the reference pulse.
In this embodiment, an oscilloscope is used as a resolving module for detecting the time domain characteristics of the photoelectrically converted electrical pulse signal and resolving the frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information of the microwave signal.
The optical pulse generator generates a broad-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse train assuming a pulse width t u The repetition period is T. Chirped fiber Bragg light with second-order dispersion values of D and-D respectivelyThe transfer function and the unit impulse response function of the gate can be respectively expressed as H 1 (ω),H 2 (ω),h 1 (t),h 2 (t) their expression is
Consider a pulse in a broad-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse train at time zero, which is assumed to be denoted x in the time domain 0 (t), which may be represented as X in the frequency domain 0 (ω) after passing through the chirped fiber bragg grating with the second-order dispersion value D, the generated chirped optical pulse signal with the increased pulse width may be represented as:
when x is 0 (t) pulse width t u Is much less than the second order dispersion value D of the dispersive medium, in the above equation,
the above formula can thus be further written as
It can be seen from formula (3) that the original wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse passes through the chirped fiber bragg grating with the second-order dispersion value D, and then outputs an optical signal x 1 (t) has a time-domain waveform of X 0 (ω) mapping the D coefficient to the time domain, and adding the result of the frequency chirp and a constant coefficient; the pulse width is broadened to be the product of the spectrum width and the dispersion coefficient D.
The optical pulse signal after time domain stretching is modulated in a first mach-zehnder modulator, the modulator operates in a carrier-suppressed double side band (CS-DSB) modulation mode, and the generated modulated optical pulse signal can be expressed as:
wherein, α and V π Respectively the insertion loss and the half-wave voltage, V, of the modulator RF In order to input the amplitude of the microwave signal,
is the modulation depth, omega, of the modulator RF For the angular frequency of the input microwave signal, J n (. cndot.) is a first class Bessel function of order n. In the case of small signal modulation, considering only the 1 st order sidebands, the above equation can be further written as:
in the second Mach-Zehnder modulator, an optical pulse signal x is modulated 2 (t) is further modulated by another microwave signal, the second mach-zehnder modulator also works in the CS-DSB mode, and the output modulated optical pulse signal can be expressed as:
for simplicity, it is assumed in the above equation that the two Mach-Zehnder modulators have the same half-wave voltage V π And insertion loss alpha, and the two paths of microwave signals have the same amplitude. Where phi is the phase difference when two microwave signals meet and interfere in the second modulator, and can be expressed as:
in the formula (7), v is the propagation speed of the optical signal in the link between the two electro-optical modulators, L is the length of the optical link between the two Mach-Zehnder modulators, and k is an integer, meaning the phase introduced by the length of the optical link between the two Mach-Zehnder modulatorsThe difference is limited to the range of-pi to pi; tau is 0 For the time difference, omega, of two paths of microwave signals arriving at two receiving antennas RF τ 0 That is, the phase difference caused by the arrival angle, the arrival angle θ can be deduced reversely by measuring the phase difference, and the following formula is specifically adopted:
in the formula (8), d is the distance between two antennas.
Modulating an optical signal x 3 (t) performing time domain compression through a chirped fiber Bragg grating with a second-order dispersion value of-D to generate an optical pulse signal simultaneously carrying microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information, wherein the process can be expressed as a process in a frequency domain
Mixing X 1 (ω)＝X 0 (ω)H 1 (ω) is substituted for formula (9):
to X 4 (ω) performing inverse fourier transform, and obtaining a time domain expression of the time domain compressed optical pulse signal as:
after the optical pulse signal after time domain compression passes through the photoelectric detector, the expression of the finally output electric pulse signal is as follows:
where G is the gain of the photodetector.
Formula (12) shows that, for one pulse in the original optical pulse sequence, the electric pulse signal obtained after final photoelectric conversion is composed of the middle reference pulse and the signal pulses on both sides, other pulses in the original optical pulse sequence are modulated by the microwave signal to be measured within the duration time after time domain stretching, and the finally output electric pulse signal also has the same form. The oscilloscope is used for detecting the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signals, and the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signals in the corresponding time range can be calculated. In this embodiment, the following formulas are specifically adopted:
Δt＝2Dω RF (13)
equation (13) shows that the time interval Δ t of the pulses is proportional to the angular frequency ω of the input microwave signal RF (ii) a In the formula (14), A 0 Is a primary light pulse x 0 (t) the formula shows the height A of the signal pulse 1 With input signal amplitude V in the case of small-signal modulation RF The functional relationship between is monotonically increasing; omega calculated by solving the formula (13) RF And a beta-substitution expression (15) calculated by the expression (14) based on the height A of the reference pulse 2 Can solve the phase difference phi in the range of 0-90 degrees, and further reversely deduce the arrival time difference tau 0 And angle of arrival θ. Notably, the system parameters D, V that also affect the end result π Alpha, G, L, v, d and the like are known parameters or can be obtained by inputting known original light pulses and two paths of microwave signals into the system and calibrating in advance according to an output result.
In order to verify the technical effect of the technical scheme of the invention, the above specific embodiments are subjected to simulation verification, and simulation key parameters are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 simulation Key parameters
In the simulation process, the refractive index n of the fiber core between the two Mach-Zehnder modulators is assumed core Is 1.5, the propagation velocity v of the optical signal therein is c/n core I.e. 2X 10 8 m/s. Assuming that the frequency f of the microwave signal to be measured is 20GHz and the amplitude V RF 0.6V and an arrival angle theta of 65 deg. For one pulse in the wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse train, the simulation result of the finally output electric pulse signal is shown in fig. 3. It can be seen that Δ t is 0.6409ns, and the frequency of the microwave signal to be measured is 20GHz by calculation according to the formula (13); height A of signal pulse 1 The amplitude of the microwave signal to be measured is 0.5949V which is calculated according to the formula (14), and the difference between the amplitude and the actual value is only 5.1 mV; height A of reference pulse 2 40.46mV, the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be measured is 64.97 DEG, which is calculated according to the formula (15), and the difference between the arrival angle and the actual value is only 0.03 deg. The simulation result is basically the same as the true value, thereby verifying the feasibility and the effectiveness of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A photon-assisted microwave signal multi-parameter measurement method is characterized in that a wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence is subjected to time domain stretching to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with an increased pulse width; acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two spatially separated antennas, and performing carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies of the microwave signal to be detected firstly and secondly to generate a modulated optical pulse signal; performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information; performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal to generate an electric pulse signal which contains a reference pulse and two signal pulses in each period and is symmetrical about the reference pulse; and solving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signal.
2. The photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation is performed specifically according to the following formula:
wherein, ω is RF 、V RF Theta is the angular frequency, amplitude and arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected respectively; d is the second-order dispersion value of the dispersion medium used for time domain stretching, alpha and V π Beta is the insertion loss, half-wave voltage, modulation depth, J of the electro-optic modulator n (. is a Bessel function of order n, A 0 Height of a broad-spectrum ultra-narrow light pulse, A 1 、A 2 The height of the signal pulse and the height of the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period respectively, G is the gain of the photoelectric detector, delta t is the time interval of the signal pulse and the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period, and tau 0 The time difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured and the two receiving antennas is phi, the phase difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured when the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured meet and interfere in the second electro-optical modulator is phi, v is the propagation speed of the optical signal in a link between the two electro-optical modulators, L is the length of the optical link between the two electro-optical modulators, k is an integer, and d is the distance between the two antennas.
3. The photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement method of claim 1, wherein the time-domain stretching and time-domain compression are performed separately using two dispersive media with opposite second-order dispersion amounts.
4. The photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement method of claim 1, wherein the electro-optic modulation is performed using two cascaded electro-optic modulators.
5. A photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement device, comprising:
the time domain stretching module is used for performing time domain stretching on the wide-spectrum ultra-narrow optical pulse sequence to generate a chirp optical pulse signal with increased pulse width;
the electro-optical modulation module is used for acquiring two copies of a microwave signal to be detected by using two spatially separated antennas, and performing carrier suppression bilateral charged optical modulation on the chirp optical pulse signal by using the two copies of the microwave signal to be detected firstly and secondly to generate a modulated optical pulse signal;
the time domain compression module is used for performing time domain compression on the modulated optical pulse signal to generate an optical pulse signal which simultaneously carries microwave signal frequency, amplitude and arrival angle information;
the photoelectric detection module is used for performing photoelectric detection on the optical pulse signal and generating an electric pulse signal which contains one reference pulse and two signal pulses in each period and is symmetrical about the reference pulse; and the resolving module is used for resolving the frequency, the amplitude and the arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected according to the time domain characteristics of the electric pulse signal.
6. The photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement device according to claim 5, wherein a calculation module performs the calculation specifically according to the following formula:
wherein, ω is RF 、V RF Theta is the angular frequency, amplitude and arrival angle of the microwave signal to be detected respectively; d is the second-order dispersion value of the dispersion medium used by the time domain stretching module, alpha and V π Beta is the insertion loss, half-wave voltage, modulation depth, J of the electro-optic modulator n (. is a Bessel function of order n, A 0 Height of a broad-spectrum ultra-narrow light pulse, A 1 、A 2 The heights of the signal pulse and the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one period are respectively, G is the gain of the photoelectric detector, and delta t is the height of the signal pulse and the reference pulse in the electric pulse signal of one periodTime interval of signal pulse, reference pulse, tau 0 The time difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured and the two receiving antennas is phi, the phase difference between the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured when the two copies of the microwave signal to be measured meet and interfere in the second electro-optical modulator is phi, v is the propagation speed of the optical signal in a link between the two electro-optical modulators, L is the length of the optical link between the two electro-optical modulators, k is an integer, and d is the distance between the two antennas.
7. The photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement device according to claim 5, wherein the time domain stretching module and the time domain compressing module are two dispersion media with opposite second-order dispersion amounts.
8. The photon-assisted microwave signal multiparameter measurement device according to claim 5, wherein the electro-optical modulation module is composed of two cascaded electro-optical modulators.
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