CN114826374A - Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system and method - Google Patents
Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18517—Transmission equipment in earth stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
- H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
- H04L27/2032—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner
- H04L27/2053—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
Abstract
The invention discloses a Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system and a method. The system uses an integrated system scheme of Ka frequency band to ground and relay data transmission, a radio frequency allocation scheme and a self-adaptive transmission scheme of baseband data, and realizes compatible design and frequency sharing of equipment for ground data transmission and relay data transmission and self-adaptive capacity to various baseband data rates. The system configuration is flexible and variable, and can support various working modes, thereby obviously improving the integration level and the data transmission rate of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system, which belongs to the field of satellite data processing and transmission and can be used in a satellite system needing high-speed data transmission, so that the satellite data transmission rate is greatly improved, and the system integration level is improved.
Background
Because the requirements of high resolution on the ratio of and the width of earth observation satellite images are higher and higher, the amount of remote sensing data to be transmitted is also higher and higher, and therefore, the data transmission capability of a satellite data transmission subsystem needs to be improved urgently. Meanwhile, a general satellite data transmission subsystem is independently designed for a ground data transmission link and a relay data transmission link, the system design is complex, and the integration level is not high. Therefore, how to further increase the satellite data transmission rate and improve the integration level of the system becomes a key issue.
"Zhu Shao Jie. simulation and design of a certain satellite Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system [ D ]. Shanghai transportation university, 2014." proposes the idea of sharing a radio frequency channel with the ground and the relay aiming at the Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system. However, the document uses the local vibration source to switch the frequency points of the radio frequency, so as to achieve the purpose of sharing the ground and the relay. And this patent adopts to ground and relay with the frequency point design, need not to switch the radio frequency point, makes the system simplify more.
"Yang shuai, Youcai, Likan, Canoe, Lurong, Lijingliang, Shenqingfeng, Chengsheng, low orbit satellite data transmission and relay baseband processing integrated design device and method, CN201611031516.8, Shanghai satellite engineering institute" discloses a low orbit satellite data transmission and relay baseband processing integrated design device and method, has realized the integrated design of the ground relay of the baseband processing part, does not relate to the radio frequency channel part.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the system and the method overcome the defects of the prior art, realize simultaneous transmission of at most four radio frequency channels, improve the integration level of the system, simplify the system design and greatly improve the data transmission rate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system is provided with four data transmission channels, and comprises a data processor, a modulator, a channel filter, a power amplifier, a microwave switch network, an earth data transmission antenna and a relay data transmission antenna;
the data processor performs baseband processing on input load data according to the ground data transmission requirement or the relay data transmission requirement and outputs four paths of processed baseband data;
the modulator, the channel filter and the power amplifier sequentially perform Ka frequency band microwave modulation, channel filtering and power amplification meeting the requirement of ground data transmission or relay data transmission on the baseband data output by each data processor;
the microwave switch network synthesizes and selects the four paths of radio frequency signals output by the power amplifier according to the system working mode, and inputs the signals to the ground data transmission antenna or the relay data transmission antenna;
the ground data transmission antenna receives the radio frequency signal output by the microwave switch network, and completes antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission of the ground data transmission link:
the relay data transmission antenna receives the radio frequency signal output by the microwave switch network and completes antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission of the relay data transmission link.
The baseband processing includes storage, preprocessing, compression, framing, encoding, and scrambling.
Adopting an integrated radio frequency allocation scheme of Ka frequency band to ground and relay data transmission, using the Ka frequency band as a transmission frequency band, setting a total occupied bandwidth B, and setting four transmission frequency points at equal intervals of 0.2B, and marking as a frequency point 1, a frequency point 2, a frequency point 3 and a frequency point 4; the four transmission frequency points can be used as the ground data transmission frequency points and the relay data transmission frequency points, the maximum bandwidth of a ground data transmission single channel is 0.3B, the maximum bandwidth of a relay data transmission single channel is 0.18B, and the ground data transmission and the relay data transmission share the four transmission frequency points.
The ground data transmission antenna adopts a double-circular polarization antenna, namely, the ground data transmission antenna has left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization functions.
The relay antenna adopts a single circularly polarized antenna, namely has a left-handed circularly polarized function or a right-handed circularly polarized function.
The earth data transmission adopts left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization at frequency points 1 and 3, and adopts right-hand circular polarization or left-hand circular polarization at frequency points 2 and 4, which are opposite to the frequency points.
The same polarization mode is used for the relay data transmission frequency points 1 to 4, and left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization is adopted uniformly.
The data processor and the modulator support various data rates, coding modes and modulation modes; setting baseband data buffer in data processor and modulator, using baseband data transmission flow and buffer threshold setting criterion to support multiple speed baseband data transmission.
A method for carrying on the data transmission of the base band with the above-mentioned system, to two kinds of apparatuses of data processor and modulator, define the sending end of the base band data as "preceding stage", the receiving end of the base band data is "back stage", the valid baseband data frame that the preceding stage sends to the back stage is "valid frame", the systematic appointed invalid baseband data frame is "null frame", the back stage sends to the back stage the baseband data frame is "request frame"; the baseband data transmission flow is as follows:
(1) at the beginning, the later stage sends request frames to the former stage at equal intervals, and the request frames contain the frame number information needed to be sent by the former stage
(2) After receiving the request frame, the front stage acquires the frame number information therein and outputs the effective frames with the specified number in the frame number information to the rear stage; if the preceding stage does not receive the request frame, the preceding stage does not send data:
(3) setting a buffer unit in the rear stage, and if the data amount of the rear stage buffer is greater than the buffer threshold 2, continuously outputting data by the rear stage; otherwise, the back stage only receives the front stage data and does not output the data; if the data amount of the rear-stage cache is less than or equal to the cache threshold 1, the rear stage fills the empty frame into the cache of the rear-stage cache by taking the whole frame as a unit, and simultaneously the rear stage sends request frames to the front stage at equal intervals; if the data amount of the rear-stage cache is larger than the cache threshold 1 and smaller than the cache threshold 2, the rear-stage sends request frames to the front-stage at equal intervals; otherwise, the subsequent stage does not send a request frame.
The setting criterion of the caching threshold is as follows:
setting the output rate of a preceding stage as follows: m frames/ns;
the output rate of the later stage is: n frames/ns, wherein M is more than or equal to N;
the number of data frames requested by the later stage at each time: a P frame, wherein P is a positive integer;
after the preceding stage receives the request frame, the delay to the preceding stage to completely output the valid frame is as follows: P/M ns, namely the time required for delaying the previous stage to transmit the effective frame of the P frame; then:
the back-end request interval is set to: P/N ns;
the latter-level cache capacity is set as: r ═ 2 × L2 frames.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention designs an integrated system scheme of Ka frequency band to ground and relay data transmission, realizes the sharing of five types of equipment including a data processor, a modulator, a channel filter, a power amplifier and a microwave switch network, supports simultaneous transmission of at most four channels, and improves the system integration level.
(2) The invention designs an integrated radio frequency allocation scheme of Ka frequency band to ground and relay data transmission, realizes the sharing of ground data transmission and relay data transmission radio frequency points, and can support up to ten channel configuration schemes. Meanwhile, the flexible configuration of data rate, coding mode, modulation mode and radio frequency point is realized by combining multiple working modes of the data processor and the modulator, so that the adaptability to different satellite data transmission application scenes is obviously improved, and the data transmission rate of the system is greatly improved.
(3) The invention designs the self-adaptive transmission scheme of the baseband data, and uses the designed baseband data transmission flow and the setting criterion of the buffer threshold to transmit the baseband data according to the speed required by the receiving end in a time-varying manner, thereby realizing the self-adaptive capacity of various baseband data speeds and meeting the requirements of time variation and continuity of the system data speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a Ka band satellite high speed data transmission system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a design of Ka band to ground data transmission frequency;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a Ka band relay data transmission frequency design;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a method for baseband data transmission;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of baseband data transmission.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system, which is provided with four data transmission channels, and the device comprises a data processor, a modulator, a channel filter, a power amplifier, a microwave switch network, an earth data transmission antenna and a relay data transmission antenna. Five types of equipment including the data processor, the modulator, the channel filter, the power amplifier and the microwave switch network adopt an integrated system scheme of Ka frequency band to ground and relay data transmission, can simultaneously support the base band and radio frequency requirements of ground data transmission and relay data transmission, and remarkably improves the integration level of the system. The connection relationship of the devices of the system is shown in figure 1.
The data processor performs baseband processing on input load data according to the ground data transmission requirement or the relay data transmission requirement, wherein the baseband processing comprises storage, preprocessing, compression, framing, coding, scrambling and the like, and outputs four paths of processed baseband data;
the modulator, the channel filter and the power amplifier sequentially perform Ka frequency band microwave modulation, channel filtering and power amplification meeting the requirement of ground data transmission or relay data transmission on the baseband data output by each data processor;
the microwave switch network synthesizes and selects the four paths of radio frequency signals output by the power amplifier according to the system working mode, and inputs the signals to the ground data transmission antenna or the relay data transmission antenna;
the ground data transmission antenna receives the radio frequency signal output by the microwave switch network, and completes antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission of the ground data transmission link:
the relay data transmission antenna receives the radio frequency signal output by the microwave switch network and completes antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission of the relay data transmission link.
Fig. 2 and fig. 3 are a block diagram of a design of a ground data transmission frequency and a block diagram of a design of a relay data transmission frequency according to the present invention, respectively. The system uses the Ka frequency band as a transmission frequency band, and if the total occupied bandwidth B is 2.5GHz, four transmission frequency points are set at equal intervals of 500MHz and are recorded as a frequency point 1, a frequency point 2, a frequency point 3 and a frequency point 4. The four transmission frequency points can be used as an earth data transmission frequency point or a relay data transmission frequency point, the maximum bandwidth of an earth data transmission single channel is 750MHz, the maximum bandwidth of a relay data transmission single channel is 450MHz, and the earth data transmission and the relay data transmission share the four transmission frequency points.
The ground data transmission antenna adopts a double circular polarization antenna, namely, the ground data transmission antenna has left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization functions. The relay antenna adopts a single circularly polarized antenna, namely has a right-hand circularly polarized function. The earth data transmission adopts right-hand circular polarization at frequency points 1 and 3, and adopts left-hand circular polarization at frequency points 2 and 4, which are opposite to the frequency points. The same right-hand circular polarization mode is used for the relay data transmission frequency points 1 to 4.
According to the radio frequency allocation scheme, the system can support ten different channel configuration modes, and each channel configuration mode can be dynamically switched according to the satellite remote control instruction, so that the flexibility of the system is greatly enhanced, and the system can adapt to the actual requirements of various satellite data transmission scenes. The specifically supported channel configurations are as follows:
(1) ground single channel data transmission;
(2) data transmission of ground double channels;
(3) four-channel data transmission to the ground;
(4) relaying single-channel data transmission;
(5) relaying the two-channel data transmission;
(6) relaying four-channel data transmission;
(7) data transmission of a ground single channel and a relay single channel;
(8) data transmission of a ground dual-channel and a relay dual-channel:
(9) data transmission of a ground single channel and a relay double channel;
(10) and carrying out ground dual-channel and relay single-channel data transmission.
Wherein, each channel of the data transmission to ground can support eight modulation modes, namely QPSK or SQPSK or 8PSK or 16APSK or 32APSK or 64APSK or 128APSK or 256APSK modulation modes, and the maximum transmission rate of the four channels of the data transmission to ground can reach 22.8 Gbps. Each channel of the relay data transmission can support six modulation modes, namely QPSK or SQPSK or 8PSK or 16APSK or 32APSK or 64APSK modulation modes, and the maximum transmission rate of the four channels of the relay data transmission is 10.2 Gbps. The modulation modes of all channels can be dynamically switched according to the satellite remote control instruction, and the satellite data transmission rate is greatly improved.
According to the above adaptive transmission scheme for baseband data, the data processor is used as a front stage, the modulator is used as a rear stage, and if M is 2 frames/ns, N is 1 frames/ns, and P is 8 frames, P/M is 4ns, P/N is 8ns, L1 is 4 frames, L2 is 16 frames, and R is 32 frames.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the baseband data transmission flow between the data processor and the modulator is as follows:
(1) initially, the modulator requests 8 frames of data from the data processor every 8 ns;
(2) and after receiving the request frame, the data processor outputs an 8-frame effective frame to the modulator. The delay from the receipt of the request frame by the data processor to the complete output of an 8-frame valid frame by the data processor is 4 ns;
(3) after the buffer data amount of the modulator reaches 16 frames, continuously outputting data;
(4) if the data amount cached by the modulator is not more than 4 frames, the modulator fills the buffer with empty frames in the unit of whole frames, and simultaneously the modulator requests 8 frames of data from the front stage every 8 ns;
(5) if the modulator buffer is not larger than 16 frames, the modulator requests 8 frames of data from the data processor every 8 ns; otherwise, the modulator does not send a request frame.
The specific working process of the system is as follows:
the data processor receives data sent by the load equipment, and after the data are stored, preprocessed, compressed, framed, encoded, scrambled and the like, four paths of processed baseband data are formed and sent to the modulator;
the modulator receives data from the data processor according to a baseband data transmission flow and carries out Ka frequency band radio frequency modulation according to the requirements of a system working mode and a frequency distribution scheme;
the channel filter carries out channel filtering on the Ka frequency band radio frequency signal output by the modulator:
the power amplifier is used for carrying out power amplification on the Ka frequency band radio-frequency signal output by the channel filtering;
the microwave switch network inputs the radio frequency signal output by the power amplifier to the ground data transmission antenna or the relay data transmission antenna according to the system working mode;
and the ground data transmission antenna and the relay data transmission antenna finish antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the content of the technical solution of the present invention is departed from.
Claims (10)
1. A Ka frequency band satellite high-speed data transmission system is provided with four data transmission channels, and is characterized in that: the system comprises a data processor, a modulator, a channel filter, a power amplifier, a microwave switch network, an earth data transmission antenna and a relay data transmission antenna;
the data processor performs baseband processing on input load data according to the ground data transmission requirement or the relay data transmission requirement and outputs four paths of processed baseband data;
the modulator, the channel filter and the power amplifier sequentially perform Ka frequency band microwave modulation, channel filtering and power amplification which meet the requirements of ground data transmission or relay data transmission on baseband data output by each data processor;
the microwave switch network synthesizes and selects the four paths of radio frequency signals output by the power amplifier according to the system working mode, and inputs the signals to the ground data transmission antenna or the relay data transmission antenna;
the ground data transmission antenna receives the radio frequency signal output by the microwave switch network, and completes antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission of the ground data transmission link:
the relay data transmission antenna receives the radio frequency signal output by the microwave switch network and completes antenna alignment and radio frequency signal transmission of the relay data transmission link.
2. The Ka-band satellite high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein: the baseband processing includes storage, preprocessing, compression, framing, encoding, and scrambling.
3. The Ka-band satellite high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein: adopting an integrated radio frequency allocation scheme of Ka frequency band to ground and relay data transmission, using the Ka frequency band as a transmission frequency band, setting a total occupied bandwidth B, and setting four transmission frequency points at equal intervals of 0.2B, and marking as a frequency point 1, a frequency point 2, a frequency point 3 and a frequency point 4; the four transmission frequency points can be used as an earth data transmission frequency point and a relay data transmission frequency point, the maximum bandwidth of an earth data transmission single channel is 0.3B, the maximum bandwidth of a relay data transmission single channel is 0.18B, and the earth data transmission and the relay data transmission share the four transmission frequency points.
4. A Ka band satellite high speed data transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ground data transmission antenna adopts a double-circular polarization antenna, namely, the ground data transmission antenna has left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization functions.
5. The Ka-band satellite high-speed data transmission system according to claim 4, wherein: the relay antenna adopts a single circularly polarized antenna, namely has a left-handed circularly polarized function or a right-handed circularly polarized function.
6. The Ka-band satellite high-speed data transmission system according to claim 4, wherein: the earth data transmission adopts left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization at frequency points 1 and 3, and adopts right-hand circular polarization or left-hand circular polarization at frequency points 2 and 4, which are opposite to the frequency points.
7. The Ka-band satellite high-speed data transmission system according to claim 5, wherein: the same polarization mode is used for the relay data transmission frequency points 1 to 4, and left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization is adopted uniformly.
8. The Ka-band satellite high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein: the data processor and the modulator support various data rates, coding modes and modulation modes; setting baseband data buffer in data processor and modulator, using baseband data transmission flow and buffer threshold setting criterion to support multiple speed baseband data transmission.
9. A method for carrying on the data transmission of the base band with the above-mentioned system, to two kinds of apparatuses of data processor and modulator, define the sending end of the base band data as "preceding stage", the receiving end of the base band data is "back stage", the valid baseband data frame that the preceding stage sends to the back stage is "valid frame", the systematic appointed invalid baseband data frame is "null frame", the back stage sends to the back stage the baseband data frame is "request frame"; the method is characterized in that: the baseband data transmission flow is as follows:
(1) when starting, the back stage sends request frames to the front stage at equal intervals, and the request frames contain frame number information needed to be sent by the front stage;
(2) after receiving the request frame, the front stage acquires the frame number information therein and outputs the effective frames with the specified number in the frame number information to the rear stage; if the preceding stage does not receive the request frame, the preceding stage does not send data:
(3) setting a buffer unit in the rear stage, and if the data amount of the rear stage buffer is greater than the buffer threshold 2, continuously outputting data by the rear stage; otherwise, the back stage only receives the front stage data and does not output the data; if the data amount of the rear-stage cache is less than or equal to the cache threshold 1, the rear stage fills the empty frame into the cache of the rear-stage cache by taking the whole frame as a unit, and simultaneously the rear stage sends request frames to the front stage at equal intervals; if the data amount of the rear-stage cache is larger than the cache threshold 1 and smaller than the cache threshold 2, the rear-stage sends request frames to the front-stage at equal intervals; otherwise, the subsequent stage does not send a request frame.
10. The method for baseband data transmission according to claim 9, wherein: the setting criterion of the caching threshold is as follows:
the output rate of the front stage is set as: m frames/ns;
the output rate of the later stage is: n frames/ns, wherein M is more than or equal to N;
the number of data frames requested by the later stage at each time: a P frame, wherein P is a positive integer;
after the preceding stage receives the request frame, the delay to the preceding stage to completely output the valid frame is as follows: P/M ns, namely the time required for delaying the previous stage to transmit the effective frame of the P frame; then:
the back-end request interval is set to: P/N ns;
the latter-level cache capacity is set as: r ═ 2 × L2 frames.
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