CN114826189A - Lumped parameter filter coupler - Google Patents

Lumped parameter filter coupler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114826189A
CN114826189A CN202210562406.3A CN202210562406A CN114826189A CN 114826189 A CN114826189 A CN 114826189A CN 202210562406 A CN202210562406 A CN 202210562406A CN 114826189 A CN114826189 A CN 114826189A
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China
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inductor
capacitor
module
port2
port3
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王勇强
张海洋
马凯学
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/01—Frequency selective two-port networks
    • H03H7/0115—Frequency selective two-port networks comprising only inductors and capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports

Abstract

The invention discloses a lumped parameter filter coupler, wherein ports 1, 2, 3 and 4 are connected with a resonant module respectively; the four resonance modules are connected with the same coupling module; when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the Port2 and the Port3 are equidirectional output ports, the Port4 is used as an isolation Port, the center frequencies of signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 are both preset center frequencies, and the power and the phase are equal and have a preset angle; when Port4 is a signal input Port, Port2 and Port3 are reverse output ports, Port1 is an isolation Port, and the center frequencies of the output signals of Port2 and Port3 are both preset center frequencies, and the power and the phase are equal and have a preset angle difference. The invention uses lumped parameters to realize the filtering coupling function at the same time, thereby effectively reducing the size of the circuit.

Description

Lumped parameter filter coupler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency microwave circuits, in particular to a lumped parameter filter coupler.
Background
With the development of radio frequency circuit technology, radio frequency circuits gradually tend to be miniaturized and multifunctional. In order to realize multiple functions of a circuit, it is most common to directly cascade and splice two or more circuits with different functions, and then to realize miniaturization by optimizing circuit layout and parameters, which results in a larger circuit size.
Distributed circuits and lumped parameter circuits are two kinds of circuits with different characteristics. The distributed circuit is a radio frequency circuit with a transmission line structure as a main body, and the lumped parameter circuit is a radio frequency circuit formed by discrete elements such as capacitance and inductance. Compared with a distributed circuit, the lumped parameter circuit has the advantages that the sizes of elements such as capacitance and inductance in the lumped parameter circuit are small, and the lumped parameter circuit can be flexibly arranged, so that the lumped parameter circuit has the advantage of miniaturization under a low-frequency band.
The filter coupler is a device with both filter characteristics and power distribution, and can simultaneously realize the functions of the filter and the coupler. The existing filter coupler usually adopts a distributed circuit type, and the circuit area is large, and is relatively large especially in a low frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lumped parameter filter coupler aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.
To this end, the present invention provides a lumped parameter filter coupler comprising Port1, Port2, Port3, and Port 4;
port1, Port2, Port3 and Port4, respectively connected to a resonant module;
the four resonance modules are connected with the same coupling module;
a resonance module comprising at least one inductance and at least one capacitance;
a coupling module comprising at least one inductance and/or at least one capacitance;
when Port1 is a signal input Port, Port2 and Port3 are used as a same-direction output Port, and Port4 is used as an isolation Port, at this time, the center frequencies of signals output by Port2 and Port3 are both preset center frequencies, and the power and the phase are equal and different by a preset angle;
when Port4 is a signal input Port, Port2 and Port3 are reverse output ports, and Port1 is an isolation Port, the center frequencies of the signals output by Port2 and Port3 are both preset center frequencies, and the power and the phase are equal and different by a preset angle.
Preferably, when the Port4 is a signal input Port, the phase difference between signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 is 180 °, and the Port1 is used as an isolation Port, the four resonant modules specifically include a first resonant module, a second resonant module, a third resonant module, and a fourth resonant module;
the first resonance module comprises an inductor L102, an inductor L104 and a capacitor C102;
the inductor L102 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L104 and a capacitor C102;
one end of the inductor L102 and one end of the inductor L104 are grounded;
the second resonance module comprises an inductor L203, an inductor L205 and a capacitor C203;
the inductor L203 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L205 and a capacitor C203;
one end of the inductor L203 and one end of the capacitor C203 are grounded;
the third resonance module comprises an inductor L302, an inductor L304 and a capacitor C302;
the inductor L302 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L304 and a capacitor C302;
one end of the inductor L302 and one end of the inductor L304 are grounded;
the fourth resonance module comprises an inductor L403, an inductor L405 and a capacitor C403;
the inductor L403 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L405 and a capacitor C403;
one end of the inductor L403 and one end of the capacitor C403 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a first coupling module;
the first coupling module comprises an inductor L11, an inductor L12, an inductor L13 and a capacitor C11 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A1 between the inductor L11 and the inductor L12 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L102 and one end of the capacitor C102;
a connection node B1 between the inductor L11 and the capacitor C11 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L203 and one end of the inductor L205;
a connecting node C1 between the inductor L12 and the inductor L13 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L302 and one end of the capacitor C302;
a connection node D1 between the inductor L13 and the capacitor C11 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L403, and one end of the inductor L405, respectively.
Preferably, for the first resonant module and the third resonant module, the inductance values of the inductor L102 and the inductor L302 are equal, and the same inductor is used;
the inductance values of the inductor L104 and the inductor L304 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C102 and the capacitor C302 are equal, and the same capacitor is used.
Preferably, for the second resonant module and the fourth resonant module, the inductance values of the inductor L203 and the inductor L403 are equal, and the same inductor is used;
the inductance values of the inductor L205 and the inductor L405 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C203 and the capacitor C403 are equal, and the same capacitor is used.
Preferably, for the first coupling module, the inductance values of the inductor L11, the inductor L12 and the inductor L13 are equal, and the same inductor is used.
Preferably, when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the phase difference between the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 is 90 °, and the Port4 is used as an isolated Port, the four resonant modules specifically include a fifth resonant module, a sixth resonant module, a seventh resonant module, and an eighth resonant module;
the fifth resonance module comprises an inductor L503 and a capacitor C503;
the inductor L503 is connected with the capacitor C503 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L503 and one end of the capacitor C503 are grounded;
the sixth resonance module comprises an inductor L603 and a capacitor C603;
the inductor L603 is connected with the capacitor C603 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L603 and one end of the capacitor C603 are grounded;
the seventh resonance module comprises an inductor L703 and a capacitor C703;
the inductor L703 is connected with the capacitor C703 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L703 and one end of the capacitor C703 are grounded;
the eighth resonant module comprises an inductor L803 and a capacitor C803;
the inductor L803 is connected with the capacitor C803 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L803 and one end of the capacitor C803 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a second coupling module;
the second coupling module comprises an inductor L21, an inductor L22, an inductor L23 and an inductor L24 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A2 between the inductor L21 and the inductor L24 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L503 and the other end of the capacitor 503;
a connection node B2 between the inductor L21 and the inductor L22 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L603 and the other end of the capacitor 603;
a connection node C2 between the inductor L22 and the inductor L23 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L703 and the other end of the capacitor 703;
a connection node D2 between the inductor L23 and the inductor L24 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L803, and the other end of the capacitor 803, respectively.
Preferably, for the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth resonant modules, the inductance values of the inductor L503, the inductor L603, the inductor L703 and the inductor L803 are equal, and the same inductor is used;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C503, the capacitor C603, the capacitor C703, and the capacitor C803 are equal, and the same capacitors are used.
Preferably, for the second coupling module, the inductance values of the inductor L21 and the inductor L23 are equal, and the same inductor is used; the inductance values of the inductor L22 and the inductor L24 are equal, and the same inductor is used.
Compared with the prior art, the lumped parameter filter coupler provided by the invention has scientific design, realizes the filter coupling function by using lumped parameters, can effectively reduce the size of a circuit and has great practical significance.
The lumped parameter filter coupler combines the filter function and the coupling function together, realizes two functions by one circuit, and easily makes the size of the circuit small at a low-frequency band by adopting the lumped parameter circuit.
In addition, the lumped parameter filter coupler provided by the invention can adjust the central frequency, the coupling degree, the coupling bandwidth and the output phase of the filter by adjusting the size of the lumped parameter capacitance inductor of the topology and the partial topology of the coupler, and has the advantage of flexible design.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 180-degree lumped parameter band-pass filter coupler according to the lumped parameter filter coupler provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a 180 degree lumped parameter bandpass filter coupler based on a dielectric integrated suspension line circuit implementation;
FIG. 3a is a three-dimensional view of a 180-degree lumped parameter band-pass filter coupler based on a dielectric integrated suspension line circuit;
FIG. 3b is a plan view of a core circuit of a G5 metal layer in a 180-degree lumped parameter band-pass filter coupler based on a dielectric integrated suspension line circuit;
FIG. 3c is a top plan view of a core circuit of a G6 metal layer in a 180-degree lumped parameter bandpass filter coupler based on a dielectric integrated suspension line circuit;
FIG. 4a is a graph of the scattering parameter response of Port1, Port2, Port3 and Port4 when Port1 inputs the in-phase output for the tested 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler;
FIG. 4b is a graph of the 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler parameters tested in Port1, Port2, Port3 and Port4 scattering parameter response with Port4 input at 180 degree phase output;
FIG. 4c is a graph of the phase imbalance between Port2 and Port3 for the 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler tested with the parameters in phase output and 180 degree phase output;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 90-degree lumped parameter band-pass filter coupler according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another 90-degree lumped-parameter filter coupler according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a lumped parameter filter coupler comprising Port1, Port2, Port3, and Port4 (i.e., interface 1, interface 2, interface 3, and interface 4);
port1, Port2, Port3 and Port4, respectively connected to a resonant module;
the four resonance modules are connected with the same coupling module;
the resonance module comprises at least one inductor and at least one capacitor and is used for realizing the function of band-pass filtering;
the coupling module comprises at least one inductor and/or at least one capacitor and is used for realizing the coupling function;
when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the Port2 and the Port3 are used as a same-direction output Port, the Port4 is used as an isolation Port, and at this time, the center frequencies of signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 are both preset center frequencies (for example, 1GHz), and the power and the phase are equal and different by a preset angle;
it should be noted that the lumped parameter filter coupler of the present invention is mainly used in radio frequency devices or radio frequency systems in the following scenarios: a radio frequency device or a radio frequency system needs to distribute one path of signal into two paths of signals according to a certain power ratio, the two paths of output signals keep the same direction or preset angle phase difference within a certain frequency range, and meanwhile, the two paths of output signals need to be filtered, and the radio frequency device or the radio frequency system is generally used in circuits such as an antenna, a phase shifter, an amplifier and the like. Thus, with the present invention, when Port1 is a signal input Port, Port1 is connected to an output Port of a prior stage device; the signals processed by the filtering coupler are output by a same-direction output Port2 and a same-direction output Port3, and two ports (namely a Port2 and a Port3) are connected with an input Port of a rear-stage device; the isolated Port4 is now floating or connected to a matching load.
When Port4 is a signal input Port, Port2 and Port3 are reverse output ports, and Port1 is an isolation Port, the center frequencies of the signals output by Port2 and Port3 are both preset center frequencies (e.g., 1GHz), and the power and phase are equal and different by a preset angle (e.g., 180 ° or 90 °).
When the Port4 is a signal input Port, the Port4 is connected to an output Port of a previous stage device; the signals processed by the filtering coupler are output by the output Port2 and the output Port3, and two ports (i.e. the Port2 and the Port3) are connected with the input Port of the rear-stage device; the isolated Port1 is now floating or connected to a matching load.
The first embodiment.
Taking a 180-degree lumped parameter filter coupler as an example, a Rat-Race coupling topology is adopted, and the proposed topology is shown in fig. 1. In this embodiment, 11 inductors and 5 capacitors are included.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 1, when the Port4 is a signal input Port, the phase difference between the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 is 180 °, and the Port1 is used as an isolation Port, the four resonant modules specifically include a first resonant module, a second resonant module, a third resonant module, and a fourth resonant module;
the first resonance module comprises an inductor L102, an inductor L104 and a capacitor C102;
the inductor L102 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L104 and a capacitor C102;
one end of the inductor L102 and one end of the inductor L104 are grounded;
the second resonance module comprises an inductor L203, an inductor L205 and a capacitor C203;
the inductor L203 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L205 and a capacitor C203;
one end of the inductor L203 and one end of the capacitor C203 are grounded;
the third resonance module comprises an inductor L302, an inductor L304 and a capacitor C302;
the inductor L302 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L304 and a capacitor C302;
one end of the inductor L302 and one end of the inductor L304 are grounded;
the fourth resonance module comprises an inductor L403, an inductor L405 and a capacitor C403;
the inductor L403 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L405 and a capacitor C403;
one end of the inductor L403 and one end of the capacitor C403 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a first coupling module;
the first coupling module comprises an inductor L11, an inductor L12, an inductor L13 and a capacitor C11 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A1 between the inductor L11 and the inductor L12 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L102 and one end of the capacitor C102;
a connection node B1 between the inductor L11 and the capacitor C11 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L203 and one end of the inductor L205;
a connecting node C1 between the inductor L12 and the inductor L13 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L302 and one end of the capacitor C302;
a connection node D1 between the inductor L13 and the capacitor C11 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L403, and one end of the inductor L405, respectively.
In a specific implementation, for the first resonance module and the third resonance module, the inductance values of the inductor L102 and the inductor L302 are equal, and the same inductor is used;
the inductance values of the inductor L104 and the inductor L304 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C102 and the capacitor C302 are equal, and the same capacitor is used.
In a specific implementation, for the second resonance module and the fourth resonance module, the inductance values of the inductor L203 and the inductor L403 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the inductance values of the inductor L205 and the inductor L405 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C203 and the capacitor C403 are equal, and the same capacitor is used.
In a specific implementation, for the first coupling module, the inductance values of the inductor L11, the inductor L12, and the inductor L13 are equal, and the same inductor is used.
It should be noted that the circuit structure of the 180-degree lumped-parameter band-pass filter coupler shown in fig. 1 is composed of 11 inductors and 5 capacitors. 8 inductors and 4 capacitors are distributed around the circuit to form a resonator to provide filtering performance, and the remaining middle 3 inductors and 1 capacitor mainly provide coupling performance.
In particular, the inductance values of the inductor L11, the inductor L12 and the inductor L13 are 11.05 nH;
the inductance values of the inductor L102 and the inductor L302 are 3.02 nH;
the inductance values of the inductor L203 and the inductor L403 are 3.95 nH;
the inductance values of the inductor L104 and the inductor L304 are 7.32 nH;
the capacitance value of the capacitor C11 is 1.86 pF;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C102 and the capacitor C302 are 2.02 pF;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C203 and the capacitor C403 are 2.59 pF. Therefore, the filter coupler designed and obtained by the invention is a-3 dB coupler, and the center frequency is 1 GHz.
In particular implementation, the 180-degree lumped-parameter band-pass filter coupler of the first embodiment can be implemented on a dielectric integrated suspension line platform, and a cross-sectional view and a three-dimensional view of the coupler are respectively shown in fig. 2 and 3. The dielectric integrated suspension line has a 5-layer structure, as shown in fig. 2 and 3a, each layer of structure is a double-sided PCB (printed circuit board), and each layer of PCB is composed of a layer of dielectric and two sides of metal. The 5 dielectric layers are respectively named as S1 to S5, and the materials and the thicknesses of S1 to S5 are respectively as follows: fr4(0.6mm), Fr4(2mm), Rogers RO4350(0.254mm), Fr4(2mm) and Fr4(0.6mm), wherein the dielectric layers S1 and S5 and the two-side metal thereof are used as shielding layers, and the interiors of S2 and S4 are hollowed to form cavities; the metals on both sides of the 5 dielectric layers are named as G1 to G10, wherein the circuit is mainly designed on the G5 and G6 layers, and the other metal layers mainly play a role of grounding.
A plan view of the G5 metal layer is shown in fig. 3b, where the inductor and the capacitor in the figure correspond to the capacitors and inductors in fig. 1, the capacitor is a trapezoidal flat capacitor, and the trapezoidal capacitor is beneficial to more efficiently utilizing space and reducing the size of the whole circuit, and the inductor is replaced by a suspension wire. The specific layout parameters are obtained with the help of electromagnetic simulation software.
In the first embodiment, the measured S-parameter of the filtering coupler and the phase imbalance of the coupled port result is shown in fig. 4a, 4b and 4 c. The center frequency of the filter coupler of the machining test was 1 GHz. For Port1 Port input, the bandwidth ratio FBW is 6%, S21 and S31 measured in the pass band from 0.97GHz to 1.03GHz are in- (3+2) dB, the difference between S21 and S31 is in the range of 1dB, the in-band return loss is less than 12dB, the isolation is more than 29.1dB, and the measured phase imbalance is 0 +/-5 degrees;
for Port4 Port input, the bandwidth ratio FBW is 6%, S21 and S31 measured in the pass band are within- (3+2) dB, the difference between S21 and S31 is within 1.1dB, the in-band return loss is less than 10dB, the isolation is greater than 28.5dB, and the measured phase imbalance is 180 +/-8 degrees.
Fig. 4a shows the measured scattering parameter results at the input of the first Port of the 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler, i.e., Port 1. Wherein the abscissa represents the frequency of the input signal at the first Port (i.e., Port1), in GHz; the ordinate represents the scattering parameter in decibels for each port. S11 represents a scattering parameter measured by the first Port (i.e., Port1) when the first Port (i.e., Port1) is input, i.e., the return loss of the first Port (i.e., Port 1); s21 and S31 respectively indicate scattering parameters of the second Port (i.e., Port2) and the third Port (i.e., Port3) when the first Port (i.e., Port1) is input, i.e., insertion loss of the second Port (i.e., Port2) and the third Port (i.e., Port 3); s41 represents the scattering parameter of the fourth Port (i.e., Port Port4), i.e., the isolation of the first Port (i.e., Port Port1) and the fourth Port (i.e., Port Port 4). The figure shows that the processed circuit can realize the filtering and coupling functions when the first Port (namely the Port1) of the filtering coupler inputs in a certain frequency band.
Fig. 4b shows the measured scattering parameter results at the four port input of the 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler. Wherein the abscissa represents the frequency of the fourth Port (i.e., Port4) input signal in GHz; the ordinate represents the scattering parameter in decibels for each port. S44 represents the scattering parameter measured by the fourth Port (i.e., Port4) when the fourth Port (i.e., Port4) is input, i.e., the return loss of the fourth Port (i.e., Port 4); s24 and S34 respectively indicate scattering parameters of the second Port (i.e., Port2) and the third Port (i.e., Port3) when the fourth Port (i.e., Port4) is inputted, i.e., insertion loss of the second Port (i.e., Port2) and the third Port (i.e., Port 3); s14 represents the scattering parameter of the fourth Port (i.e., Port Port4), i.e., the isolation of the fourth Port (i.e., Port Port4) from the first Port (i.e., Port Port 1). The figure shows that the processed circuit can realize the filtering and coupling functions when the fourth Port (namely the Port4) of the filtering coupler inputs in a certain frequency band.
Fig. 4c shows the measured phase imbalance results for the first Port (i.e., Port1) and four Port inputs of the 180 degree lumped parameter filter coupler. Wherein the abscissa represents the frequency of the input signal at the first Port (i.e., Port1) or the fourth Port (i.e., Port4), in GHz; the ordinate represents the phase imbalance of the output signal, expressed in decibels, the phase imbalance at the input of the first Port (i.e., Port1) is calculated from the difference between the phase of the scattering parameter S21 output at the second Port (i.e., Port2) and the phase of the scattering parameter S31 output at the third Port (i.e., Port3), and the phase imbalance at the input of the fourth Port (i.e., Port4), whereby the phase imbalance at the output of the scattering parameter S24 at the second Port (i.e., Port2) and the phase imbalance at the output of the scattering parameter S34 at the third Port (i.e., Port3) are calculated. As can be seen, the phase imbalance of the two ports does not fluctuate much in the operating band 0.97GHz to 1.03 GHz. The figure shows that the processed circuit can realize the functions of outputting in the same direction and outputting in 180 degrees phase when the first Port (namely, the Port1) and the fourth Port (namely, the Port4) of the filter coupler are input in a certain frequency band.
The above shows that: the lumped parameter filter coupler can be realized on a medium integrated suspension line platform, the proposed topology has strong implementation force, can simultaneously have the functions of filtering and coupling, and simultaneously has small circuit size which is only 0.013 lambda 0 ×0.006λ 0 Wherein λ is 0 Is the wavelength at the center frequency. Meanwhile, the filter coupler has the characteristics of self-packaging and low loss of the medium integrated suspension line.
Example two.
To illustrate the feasibility of other types of filter couplers, fig. 5 presents a 90 degree coupled filter coupler topology. The filter coupler adopts a branch line type coupling topology to realize a coupling function, and adopts a parallel resonator integrated to an input end and an output end to realize a filtering function.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 5, when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the phase difference between the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 is 90 °, and the Port4 is used as an isolation Port, the four resonant modules specifically include a fifth resonant module, a sixth resonant module, a seventh resonant module, and an eighth resonant module;
the fifth resonance module comprises an inductor L503 and a capacitor C503;
the inductor L503 is connected with the capacitor C503 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L503 and one end of the capacitor C503 are grounded;
the sixth resonance module comprises an inductor L603 and a capacitor C603;
the inductor L603 is connected with the capacitor C603 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L603 and one end of the capacitor C603 are grounded;
the seventh resonance module comprises an inductor L703 and a capacitor C703;
the inductor L703 is connected with the capacitor C703 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L703 and one end of the capacitor C703 are grounded;
the eighth resonant module comprises an inductor L803 and a capacitor C803;
the inductor L803 is connected with the capacitor C803 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L803 and one end of the capacitor C803 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a second coupling module;
the second coupling module comprises an inductor L21, an inductor L22, an inductor L23 and an inductor L24 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A2 between the inductor L21 and the inductor L24 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L503 and the other end of the capacitor 503;
a connection node B2 between the inductor L21 and the inductor L22 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L603 and the other end of the capacitor 603;
a connection node C2 between the inductor L22 and the inductor L23 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L703 and the other end of the capacitor 703;
a connection node D2 between the inductor L23 and the inductor L24 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L803, and the other end of the capacitor 803, respectively.
In a specific implementation, for the fifth resonance module, the sixth resonance module, the seventh resonance module and the eighth resonance module, the inductance values of the inductor L503, the inductor L603, the inductor L703 and the inductor L803 are equal, and the same inductor is used; the inductance values of the inductor L503, the inductor L603, the inductor L703, and the inductor L803 are 3.255 nH.
The capacitance values of the capacitor C503, the capacitor C603, the capacitor C703, and the capacitor C803 are equal, and the same capacitors are used. The capacitance values of the capacitor C503, the capacitor C603, the capacitor C703, and the capacitor C803 are 14.010 pF.
In particular, for the second coupling module, the inductance values of the inductor L21 and the inductor L23 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted; the inductance values of the inductor L22 and the inductor L24 are equal, and the same inductor is used.
The inductance values of the inductor L21 and the inductor L23 are 6.415 nH;
the inductance values of inductor L22 and inductor L24 were 9.245 nH.
It should be noted that, in the second embodiment, the topology of the 90-degree lumped-parameter band-pass filter coupler shown in fig. 5 mainly includes 4 capacitors and 8 inductors.
The inductor L21, the inductor L22, the inductor L23 and the inductor L24 mainly realize a coupling function;
the inductor L503, the inductor L603, the inductor L703, the inductor L803, the capacitor C503, the capacitor C603, the capacitor C703 and the capacitor C803 mainly realize a filtering function.
The invention can control the filtering and coupling performance of the filtering coupler, and other parameters such as center frequency, coupling degree, output phase difference and the like by adjusting corresponding capacitors and inductors. Port1 is an input Port, Port2 and Port3 are output ports, Port4 is an isolated Port, where Port2 and Port3 output signals are equal in power and 90 degrees out of phase.
Example three.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 6, when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the phase difference between the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 is 180 °, and the Port4 is an isolated Port, the four resonant modules specifically include a ninth resonant module, a tenth resonant module, an eleventh resonant module, and a twelfth resonant module;
the ninth resonance module comprises an inductor L903, an inductor L904 and a capacitor C903;
the inductor L903 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L904 and a capacitor C903;
one end of the inductor L903 and one end of the inductor L904 are grounded;
the tenth resonance module comprises an inductor L1002, an inductor L1005 and a capacitor C1001;
the inductor L1002 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L1005 and a capacitor C1001;
one end of the inductor L1002 and one end of the capacitor C1001 are grounded;
the eleventh resonance module comprises an inductor L1103, an inductor L1104 and a capacitor C1103;
the inductor L1103 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L1104 and a capacitor C1103;
one end of the inductor L1103 and one end of the inductor L1104 are grounded;
the twelfth resonance module comprises an inductor L1202, an inductor L1205 and a capacitor C1201;
the inductor L1202 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L1205 and a capacitor C1201;
one end of the inductor L1202 and one end of the capacitor C1201 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a third coupling module;
the third coupling module comprises an inductor L31, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C32 and a capacitor C33 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A3 between the capacitor C31 and the capacitor C32 is connected to the Port1, the other end of the inductor L903, and one end of the capacitor C903, respectively;
a connection node B3 between the inductor L31 and the capacitor C31 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L10023 and one end of the inductor L1005;
a connection node C3 between the capacitor C32 and the capacitor C33 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L1103 and one end of the capacitor C1103;
a connection node D3 between the capacitor C33 and the inductor L31 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L1202, and one end of the inductor L1205.
In a specific implementation, for the eleventh resonance module and the twelfth resonance module, inductance values of the inductor L1002 and the inductor L1202 are equal, the same inductor is used, and a specific inductance value is L2 ═ 3.35 nH;
the inductance values of the inductor L1005 and the inductor L1205 are equal, the same inductor is adopted, and the specific inductance value is 10.48 nH;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C1001 and the capacitor C1201 are equal, the same capacitor is adopted, and the specific capacitance value is 1.86 pF.
In a specific implementation, for the ninth resonant module and the eleventh resonant module, the inductance values of the inductor L903 and the inductor L1103 are equal, the same inductor is used, and the specific inductance value is 1.76 nH;
the inductance values of the inductor L904 and the inductor L1104 are equal, the same inductor is adopted, and the specific inductance value is 7.32 nH;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C903 and the capacitor C1103 are equal, the same capacitor is adopted, and the specific capacitance value is 2.59 pF.
In specific implementation, for the third coupling module, the capacitance values of the capacitor C31, the capacitor C32 and the capacitor C33 are equal, the same capacitor is adopted, and the specific capacitance value is 2.316 pF.
In particular, the inductance value of the inductor L31 is 10.95 nH;
it should be noted that, in the third embodiment, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another 180-degree lumped-parameter filter coupler according to the present invention. In the figure, an inductor L31, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C32 and a capacitor C33 mainly realize a coupling function, C1001, C1201, C903, C1103, L1002, L1202, L903, L1103, L904, L1104, L1005 and L1205 mainly realize a filtering function, and the central frequency of the filter coupler is 1GHz under the capacitance and inductance parameters. Wherein Port1 is an input Port, Port2 and Port3 are output ports, Port4 is an isolation Port, and Port2 and Port3 output signals have equal power and 180-degree phase difference.
Example four.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 7, when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the phase difference between the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 is 90 °, and the Port4 is used as an isolated Port, the four resonant modules specifically include a thirteenth resonant module, a fourteenth resonant module, a fifteenth resonant module, and a sixteenth resonant module;
the thirteenth resonant module comprises an inductor L1303 and a capacitor C1303;
the inductor L1303 is connected with the capacitor C1303 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L1303 and one end of the capacitor C1303 are grounded;
the fourteenth resonance block includes an inductance L1403 and a capacitance 1403;
an inductor L1403 is connected with a capacitor C1403 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L1403 and one end of the capacitor C1403 are grounded;
the fifteenth resonance module comprises an inductor L1503 and a capacitor C1503;
an inductor L1503 is connected with a capacitor C1503 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L1503 and one end of the capacitor C1503 are grounded;
the sixteenth resonance module comprises an inductor L1603 and a capacitor C1603;
the inductor L1603 is connected with the capacitor C1603 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L1603 and one end of the capacitor C1603 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a fourth coupling module;
the second coupling module comprises a capacitor C41, a capacitor C42, a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C44 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A4 between the capacitor C41 and the capacitor C42 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L1303 and the other end of the capacitor 1303;
a connection node B4 between the capacitor C42 and the capacitor C43, which is respectively connected to the Port2, the other end of the inductor L1403 and the other end of the capacitor 1403;
a connection node C4 between the capacitor C43 and the capacitor C44, which is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L1503 and the other end of the capacitor 1503;
the connection node D4 between the capacitor C44 and the capacitor C41 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L1603, and the other end of the capacitor 1603, respectively.
In a specific implementation, for the thirteenth resonant module, the fourteenth resonant module, the fifteenth resonant module and the sixteenth resonant module, the inductance values of the inductor L1303, the inductor L1403, the inductor L1503 and the inductor L1603 are equal, the same inductors are adopted, and the inductance values are all 0.94 nH;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C1303, the capacitor C14603, the capacitor C1503 and the capacitor C1603 are equal, the same capacitors are adopted, and the capacitance values are all 20.00 pF.
In a specific implementation, for the fourth coupling module, capacitance values of the capacitor C41 and the capacitor C43 are equal and are both 2.82 pF;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C42 and the capacitor C44 are equal and are both 4.00 pF.
It should be noted that, in the fourth embodiment, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another 90-degree lumped-parameter filter coupler according to the present invention. In the figure, a capacitor C41, a capacitor C42, a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C44 mainly implement a coupling function, a capacitor C1303, a capacitor C14603, a capacitor C1503 and a capacitor C1603, and an inductor L1303, an inductor L1403, an inductor L1503 and an inductor L1603 mainly implement a filtering function, and under the parameters of the capacitors and the inductors, the center frequency of the filter coupler is 1 GHz. Wherein Port1 is an input Port, Port2 and Port3 are output ports, Port4 is an isolation Port, and Port2 and Port3 output signals have equal power and 90-degree phase difference.
It should be noted that the lumped parameter filter coupler of the present invention can be implemented on a platform of a dielectric integrated suspension line, and the simulation experiment result is well matched. The filter coupler can simultaneously realize the functions of band-pass filtering and coupling near the central frequency of 1GHz, integrates the two functions by using a lumped parameter circuit, and reduces the circuit size.
For the invention, for the coupling function of the filter coupler, a 90-degree coupler or a 180-degree coupler topology is adopted to be integrated on the filter coupler. If the 90-degree coupling function is realized, the coupler part can adopt a branch line type coupler topology; if the 180-degree coupling function is realized, the coupler part can adopt Rat-Race coupler topology; for other preset angle coupling functions, the coupler part can adopt lumped parameter topology of corresponding coupler types. If filter couplers with different coupling degrees are needed, the integral lumped parameter filter coupler topology can be improved by arranging corresponding capacitance inductors or adopting a coupler lumped parameter topology of a corresponding type. If filter couplers with different center frequencies are needed, the filter couplers can be realized by adjusting corresponding capacitance and inductance.
For the filtering function of the filtering coupler, if the band-pass filtering function is to be realized, a parallel resonant circuit can be added on four ports to be connected in parallel to provide the band-pass filtering function, the series resonance is used for increasing a zero point to improve the filtering performance, and other improved band-pass filters can be adopted to realize the band-pass filtering effect; if the low-pass or high-pass filtering characteristic is to be realized, a low-pass or high-pass filter can be integrated on the coupler topology; if a filter coupler with stronger filtering characteristics is to be realized, cascaded filters can also be used.
For the lumped parameter capacitor and inductor for realizing the filter coupler, the capacitor can adopt a single-layer or multi-layer flat capacitor and a single-layer or multi-layer interdigital capacitor, and if the filter coupler with adjustable coupling degree and filter performance is realized, a voltage adjustable capacitor can also be adopted; the inductor can adopt a section of microstrip line, a strip line or a suspension line to replace the inductor, adopt circular and rectangular loop inductors or adopt single-layer and multi-layer spiral inductors.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the lumped parameter filter coupler provided by the invention has a scientific design, realizes a filter coupling function by using lumped parameters, can effectively reduce the size of a circuit, and has great practical significance.
The lumped parameter filter coupler combines the filter function and the coupling function together, realizes two functions by one circuit, and easily makes the size of the circuit small at a low-frequency band by adopting the lumped parameter circuit.
In addition, the lumped parameter filter coupler provided by the invention can adjust the central frequency, the coupling degree, the coupling bandwidth and the output phase of the filter by adjusting the size of the lumped parameter capacitance inductor of the topology and the partial topology of the coupler, and has the advantage of flexible design.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. Lumped parameter filter coupler comprising Port1, Port2, Port3, and Port 4;
port1, Port2, Port3 and Port4, respectively connected to a resonant module;
the four resonance modules are connected with the same coupling module;
a resonance module comprising at least one inductance and at least one capacitance;
a coupling module comprising at least one inductance and/or at least one capacitance;
when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the Port2 and the Port3 are used as a same-direction output Port, the Port4 is used as an isolation Port, and at this time, the center frequencies of signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 are both preset center frequencies, and the power and the phase are equal and different by a preset angle;
when Port4 is a signal input Port, Port2 and Port3 are reverse output ports, and Port1 is an isolation Port, the center frequencies of the signals output by Port2 and Port3 are both preset center frequencies, and the power and the phase are equal and different by a preset angle.
2. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 1 wherein the four resonator modules comprise a first resonator module, a second resonator module, a third resonator module and a fourth resonator module when the Port4 is a signal input Port, the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 are 180 ° out of phase with each other, and the Port1 is an isolated Port;
the first resonance module comprises an inductor L102, an inductor L104 and a capacitor C102;
the inductor L102 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L104 and a capacitor C102;
one end of the inductor L102 and one end of the inductor L104 are grounded;
the second resonance module comprises an inductor L203, an inductor L205 and a capacitor C203;
the inductor L203 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L205 and a capacitor C203;
one end of the inductor L203 and one end of the capacitor C203 are grounded;
the third resonance module comprises an inductor L302, an inductor L304 and a capacitor C302;
the inductor L302 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L304 and a capacitor C302;
one end of the inductor L302 and one end of the inductor L304 are grounded;
the fourth resonance module comprises an inductor L403, an inductor L405 and a capacitor C403;
the inductor L403 is connected in parallel with a series branch consisting of an inductor L405 and a capacitor C403;
one end of the inductor L403 and one end of the capacitor C403 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a first coupling module;
the first coupling module comprises an inductor L11, an inductor L12, an inductor L13 and a capacitor C11 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A1 between the inductor L11 and the inductor L12 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L102 and one end of the capacitor C102;
a connection node B1 between the inductor L11 and the capacitor C11 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L203 and one end of the inductor L205;
a connecting node C1 between the inductor L12 and the inductor L13 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L302 and one end of the capacitor C302;
a connection node D1 between the inductor L13 and the capacitor C11 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L403, and one end of the inductor L405, respectively.
3. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 2 wherein the inductance values of the inductor L102 and the inductor L302 are equal for the first resonant module and the third resonant module, using the same inductor;
the inductance values of the inductor L104 and the inductor L304 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C102 and the capacitor C302 are equal, and the same capacitor is used.
4. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 2 wherein the inductance values of the inductor L203 and the inductor L403 are equal for the second resonant module and the fourth resonant module, using the same inductor;
the inductance values of the inductor L205 and the inductor L405 are equal, and the same inductor is adopted;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C203 and the capacitor C403 are equal, and the same capacitor is used.
5. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 2 wherein the inductance values of the inductor L11, the inductor L12 and the inductor L13 are equal for the first coupling module, using the same inductor.
6. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 1 wherein the four resonator modules comprise a fifth resonator module, a sixth resonator module, a seventh resonator module and an eighth resonator module when the Port1 is a signal input Port, the signals output by the Port2 and the Port3 are 90 ° out of phase and the Port4 is an isolation Port;
the fifth resonance module comprises an inductor L503 and a capacitor C503;
the inductor L503 is connected with the capacitor C503 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L503 and one end of the capacitor C503 are grounded;
the sixth resonance module comprises an inductor L603 and a capacitor C603;
the inductor L603 is connected with the capacitor C603 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L603 and one end of the capacitor C603 are grounded;
the seventh resonance module comprises an inductor L703 and a capacitor C703;
the inductor L703 is connected with the capacitor C703 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L703 and one end of the capacitor C703 are grounded;
the eighth resonant module comprises an inductor L803 and a capacitor C803;
the inductor L803 is connected with the capacitor C803 in parallel;
one end of the inductor L803 and one end of the capacitor C803 are grounded;
the coupling module specifically adopts a second coupling module;
the second coupling module comprises an inductor L21, an inductor L22, an inductor L23 and an inductor L24 which are connected in sequence;
a connection node A2 between the inductor L21 and the inductor L24 is respectively connected with the Port1, the other end of the inductor L503 and the other end of the capacitor 503;
a connection node B2 between the inductor L21 and the inductor L22 is respectively connected with the Port2, the other end of the inductor L603 and the other end of the capacitor 603;
a connection node C2 between the inductor L22 and the inductor L23 is respectively connected with the Port3, the other end of the inductor L703 and the other end of the capacitor 703;
a connection node D2 between the inductor L23 and the inductor L24 is connected to the Port4, the other end of the inductor L803, and the other end of the capacitor 803, respectively.
7. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 6 wherein for the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth resonant modules, the inductance values of the inductor L503, the inductor L603, the inductor L703 and the inductor L803 are equal, using the same inductor;
the capacitance values of the capacitor C503, the capacitor C603, the capacitor C703, and the capacitor C803 are equal, and the same capacitors are used.
8. The lumped parameter filter coupler as recited in claim 6 wherein for the second coupling module the inductance values of inductor L21 and inductor L23 are equal, using the same inductor; the inductance values of the inductor L22 and the inductor L24 are equal, and the same inductor is used.
CN202210562406.3A 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Lumped parameter filter coupler Pending CN114826189A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116111970A (en) * 2023-03-28 2023-05-12 南通大学 Eight-port 3dB coupler based on lumped elements

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116111970A (en) * 2023-03-28 2023-05-12 南通大学 Eight-port 3dB coupler based on lumped elements
CN116111970B (en) * 2023-03-28 2023-08-04 南通大学 Eight-port 3dB coupler based on lumped elements

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