CN114824817A - Wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface - Google Patents
Wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN114824817A CN114824817A CN202210519381.9A CN202210519381A CN114824817A CN 114824817 A CN114824817 A CN 114824817A CN 202210519381 A CN202210519381 A CN 202210519381A CN 114824817 A CN114824817 A CN 114824817A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface which is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of electrically-controlled super surface units, wherein each super surface unit comprises a top-layer patch, a first dielectric layer, a feeder line, a second dielectric layer, a metal floor, a third dielectric layer and a bottom-layer load circuit which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, each feeder line comprises a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are orthogonally arranged, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are connected with the metal floor through metal via holes, each bottom-layer load circuit comprises a P I N pipe and a third microstrip line which are connected in series, and the third microstrip line is connected with the metal floor through the metal via holes; the allowed incidence angle range of the super surface can be wider, and different beam directions can be realized by changing the coding sequence so as to realize the beam scanning function; the design of the feed network is simplified when the design freedom degree is increased, and the design cost is reduced; the basic configuration of the super-surface unit is completed by utilizing the antenna in the receiving mode and the load short circuit, and the reflection characteristic of the unit is changed by switching the load state of the antenna through the P-I-N tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field, in particular to a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface.
Background
The programmable super surface constructs a digital space on the physical space of the metamaterial and has strong capability of dynamically controlling electromagnetic waves in real time by encoding the digital state of a super surface unit; therefore, since the concept is proposed, the researchers have paid extensive attention, and the conventional phased array antenna can generally realize the beamforming of the array by changing the excitation amplitude and the phase of the array element, but the conventional phased array antenna needs to rely on a complex feed network, and the feed network with the complex configuration not only has high cost, but also causes the problems of low energy transmission efficiency and the like.
Compared with the traditional phased array, the novel antenna system based on the programmable super surface can miniaturize a complex phase-shifting module, reduces the manufacturing cost, and has the advantage of flexible control, compared with the super surface with high Bit number, the 1-Bit super surface is easier to design, but the 1-Bit super surface can generate two symmetrical wave beams which are difficult to avoid during vertical incidence, if single wave beam radiation is required to be realized, large-angle oblique incidence needs to be introduced, however, the traditional programmable super surface unit is difficult to keep stable coding characteristics under the wide-angle incidence condition, and the application of the 1-Bit programmable super surface in single beam scanning is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface.
The technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of electrically-controlled super surface units, each super surface unit comprises a top-layer patch, a first dielectric layer, a feeder line, a second dielectric layer, a metal floor, a third dielectric layer and a bottom-layer load circuit, the top-layer patch, the first dielectric layer, the feeder line, the second dielectric layer, the metal floor, the third dielectric layer and the bottom-layer load circuit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, each feeder line comprises a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line which are orthogonally arranged, each first microstrip line and each second microstrip line are connected with the metal floor through a metal via hole, each bottom-layer load circuit comprises a PIN tube and a third microstrip line which are connected in series, and each third microstrip line is connected with the metal floor through a metal via hole.
Further, the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are made of F4BM300 materials, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer are respectively set to be 0.5mm, 4mm and 0.5 mm.
Furthermore, the first microstrip line comprises a first straight line section, a second straight line section, a third straight line section and a first leading-out section, the second microstrip line comprises a fourth straight line section and a second leading-out section, two ends of the second straight line section are respectively connected with one end of the first straight line section and one end of the third straight line section through folded edges, so that the second straight line section is higher than the first straight line section and the second straight line section, the other end of the third straight line section is connected with one end of the first leading-out section, the fourth straight line section penetrates through the lower portion of the second straight line section and is connected with one end of the second leading-out section, and the other end of the first leading-out section and the other end of the second leading-out section are connected with the metal floor through holes.
Further, the length of the second straight line segment is set to be 3.6mm, the length from the head end of the first straight line segment to the tail end of the third straight line segment is set to be 14mm, the length of the fourth straight line segment is set to be 11mm, the widths of the first straight line segment, the second straight line segment, the third straight line segment and the fourth straight line segment are set to be 1mm, and the widths of the first leading-out segment and the second leading-out segment are set to be 0.8 mm.
Furthermore, the third microstrip line comprises a fifth straight line segment, a sixth straight line segment and a seventh straight line segment parallel to the fifth straight line segment, one end of the fifth straight line segment is connected with the PIN tube, and two ends of the sixth straight line segment are respectively connected with the other end of the fifth straight line segment and one end of the seventh straight line segment and are perpendicular to the fifth straight line segment and the seventh straight line segment.
Further, the lengths of the fifth, sixth and seventh linear segments were set to 14mm, 6mm and 7.8mm, respectively.
Furthermore, the top-layer patch comprises a square metal sheet and 4 equilateral triangle through grooves etched in the square metal sheet, the bottom edges of the equilateral triangle through grooves are opposite to one side of the square metal sheet, and the vertex angles of the equilateral triangle through grooves point to the center of the square metal sheet.
Further, the side length of the square metal sheet is set to be 22mm, and the height of the equilateral triangle through groove is set to be 5.5 mm.
Further, the incident angles of the TE wave and the TM wave are set to + -70 deg..
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional super surface, the 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super surface provided by the invention has the advantages that the allowable incidence angle range is wider under the condition of keeping stable coding characteristics, and the 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super surface is suitable for plane waves with any polarization;
2. the super-surface provided by the invention breaks through the limitation that the traditional 1-Bit super-surface is difficult to realize single-beam forming, can realize single-beam radiation when being incident at a large angle, can realize different beam directions by changing a coding sequence, and further realizes a beam scanning function;
3. compared with the traditional array antenna, the super surface provided by the invention simplifies the design of a feed network and reduces the design cost on the premise of increasing the design freedom degree;
4. different from the traditional super-surface design scheme, the design method of the microstrip antenna is ingeniously used for reference, the basic configuration of the super-surface unit is completed by utilizing the antenna in the receiving mode and the load short circuit based on the reciprocity principle, and the reflection characteristic of the unit is changed by switching the load state of the antenna through the PIN tube.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a super surface unit;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a top patch and feed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an underlying load circuit;
FIG. 4 is a phase diagram of the reflection coefficient of the cell under TE polarized plane wave illumination at incident angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
FIG. 5 is the amplitude characteristic of the reflection coefficient of the cell under TE polarized plane wave illumination at incident angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
FIG. 6 is the phase characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the cell under irradiation of TM polarized plane waves at incident angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
FIG. 7 is the amplitude characteristic of the reflection coefficient of the cell under irradiation of TM polarized plane waves at incident angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °;
fig. 8 is a 10 x 10 super surface array structure diagram of example 1;
FIG. 9 shows the beam steering characteristics of the super-surface when the plane wave is incident from 70 degrees, the electric field polarization direction and the incident plane form an angle of 45 degrees, and the coding sequence is 0011001100 in example 1;
FIG. 10 shows the beam steering characteristics of the super-surface when the TE polarized plane wave is incident from 70 ℃ and the code sequence is 0101010101 in example 2.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, a plurality of means is two or more, and greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as excluding the present number, and greater than, less than, etc. are understood as including the present number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate; can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected and can also be integrally formed; may be a mechanical connection; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The technical field can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the words in the invention by combining the specific contents of the technical scheme.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of electrically-controlled super surface units, each super surface unit comprises a top-layer patch 10, a first dielectric layer 20, a feeder 30, a second dielectric layer 40, a metal floor 50, a third dielectric layer 60 and a bottom-layer load circuit 70, the top-layer patch 10, the first dielectric layer 20, the feeder 30, the second dielectric layer 40, the metal floor 50, the third dielectric layer 60 and the bottom-layer load circuit 70 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the feeder 30 comprises a first microstrip line 31 and a second microstrip line 32 which are orthogonally arranged, the first microstrip line 31 and the second microstrip line 32 are connected with the metal floor 50 through metal via holes, the bottom-layer load circuit 70 comprises a PIN tube 71 and a third microstrip line 72 which are connected in series, and the third microstrip line 72 is connected with the metal floor 50 through metal via holes.
The first microstrip line 31 includes a first straight line segment 311, a second straight line segment 312, a third straight line segment 313 and a first lead-out segment 314, the second microstrip line 32 includes a fourth straight line segment 321 and a second lead-out segment 322, two ends of the second straight line segment 312 are respectively connected with one end of the first straight line segment 311 and one end of the third straight line segment 313 through folded edges, so that the second straight line segment 312 is higher than the first straight line segment 311 and the second straight line segment 312, the other end of the third straight line segment 313 is connected with one end of the first lead-out segment 314, the fourth straight line segment 321 is arranged below the second straight line segment 312 in a penetrating manner and is connected with one end of the second lead-out segment 322, and the other end of the first lead-out segment 314 and the other end of the second lead-out segment 322 are connected with the metal floor 50 through a metal via hole.
The length of the second straight line segment 312 is set to be 3.6mm, the length from the head end of the first straight line segment 311 to the tail end of the third straight line segment 313 is set to be 14mm, the length of the fourth straight line segment 321 is set to be 11mm, the widths of the first straight line segment 311, the second straight line segment 312, the third straight line segment 313 and the fourth straight line segment 321 are set to be 1mm, and the widths of the first leading-out segment 314 and the second leading-out segment 322 are set to be 0.8 mm.
The top patch 10 includes a square metal sheet 11 and 4 equilateral triangle through grooves 12 etched on the square metal sheet 11, the bottom sides of the equilateral triangle through grooves 12 are opposite to one side of the square metal sheet 11, and the vertex angles of the equilateral triangle through grooves 12 point to the center of the square metal sheet 11.
The side length of the square metal sheet 11 is set to be 22mm, and the height of the equilateral triangle through groove 12 is set to be 5.5 mm.
The incident angles of the TE wave and the TM wave were set to + -70 deg..
The invention relates to a 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super surface which is a two-dimensional structure formed by periodically expanding a plurality of sub-wavelength units with electric control characteristics, wherein a coded sequence is loaded on each super surface unit in a switching voltage mode, when plane waves are obliquely incident from a large angle, the super surface can realize single-beam radiation to any polarization, and the beam direction can be changed by controlling the coded sequence to realize the single-beam scanning function.
The basic structure of the unit of the invention is composed of a sub-wavelength dual-polarized microstrip antenna working in a receiving mode and a load circuit loaded by a PIN tube, the 'on' and 'off' of the unit can be changed by controlling the bias voltage of the PIN tube, the scattering characteristic of the antenna is further changed, the 180-degree reflection phase difference required by 1-Bit is realized, and the unit has stable 1-Bit coding performance in a wide angle range for TE and TM two orthogonal polarized plane waves.
The super-surface formed by the units can realize single-beam radiation when the super-surface is obliquely incident at a large angle, the beam direction is related to the coding sequence, digital programmable hardware (such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)) is used for controlling the bias line voltage, and the coding sequence can be dynamically changed in real time, so that the beam direction can be controlled in real time, and the single-beam scanning function is realized.
The 1-Bit wide-angle dual-polarized programmable super surface mentioned in the invention is specifically instantiated in S wave band; referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of the super-surface unit, and the unit mainly comprises a 6-layer structure, and the relevant unit dimensions such as a top-layer patch 10 and a feeder 20 are shown in fig. 2.
All in the examples of the inventionThe dielectric layers are made of F4BM300 material and have a relative dielectric constant epsilon r 3.0, loss tangent tan delta less than or equal to 7 multiplied by 10 -4 And the thicknesses of the first, second, and third dielectric layers 20, 40, and 60 are set to 0.5mm, 4mm, and 0.5mm, respectively.
Two feed ports of the model are connected with a load circuit loaded by a PIN tube through a metal via hole, the load circuit is formed by connecting a third microstrip line 72 with a certain size and the PIN tube 71 in series, the PIN tube 71 is in a MA4AGP907 model from MACOM, the terminal of the third microstrip line 72 is connected with a metal floor through the metal via hole, the third microstrip line 72 comprises a fifth straight line section 721, a sixth straight line section 722 and a seventh straight line section 723 parallel to the fifth straight line section 721, one end of the fifth straight line section 721 is connected with the PIN tube 71, and two ends of the sixth straight line section 722 are respectively connected with the other end of the fifth straight line section 721 and one end of the seventh straight line section 723 and are simultaneously perpendicular to the fifth straight line section 721 and the seventh straight line section 723; the lengths of the fifth straight line segment 721, the sixth straight line segment 722 and the seventh straight line segment 723 are set to be 14mm, 6mm and 7.8mm, respectively; the scattering characteristics of the model can be switched by changing the on state and the off state of the PIN tube, so that the phase difference required by 1-Bit is realized, the code '0' represents the on state of the PIN tube, and the code '1' represents the off state of the PIN tube.
Referring to fig. 4-5, phase and amplitude characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the cell under TE polarized plane wave illumination are given at incident angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °, respectively, and the reflection phases of state "1" and state "0" are represented by a solid line and a dashed line, respectively, as can be seen from fig. 4, for an incident angle range of 0 ° -70 °, the cell can achieve a phase interval of 180 ° required for 1-Bit encoding at around 3 GHz; the amplitude characteristic is as shown in fig. 5, in the working frequency band, the amplitude of the reflection coefficient corresponding to the code "1" is close to 1, which means that almost all the energy is reflected, and the amplitude characteristic is very good; for coding '0', the PIN tube works in a 'conducting' mode, and due to the loss caused by the circuit and the influence of mutual coupling, although the reflection amplitude is slightly reduced, the reflection amplitude is larger than 0.7 in the incidence angle range of 0-70 degrees; for large arrays, the beam characteristics are more dependent on phase than amplitude, and therefore, the unit forms a super-table with good beam capability, which is verified in the following numerical simulation.
Referring to fig. 6-7, the phase and amplitude characteristics of the reflection coefficient of the cell under the irradiation of TM polarized plane waves are shown at incident angles of 0 °, 20 °, 40 ° and 70 °, respectively, and it can be seen from the data in the figure that the cell also exhibits stable 180 ° phase difference characteristics at 3GHz within the incident angle range of 0 ° -70 °, and the amplitude of the reflection coefficient is greater than 0.8. Therefore, the proposed unit shows stable reflection amplitude and phase characteristics for TE and TM plane waves with two orthogonal polarizations at an incidence angle range of 0-70 degrees around 3GHz, and has good wide-angle stability and dual polarization characteristics.
To verify that the super-surface can realize the single-beam scanning function for plane waves with any polarization, 2 specific examples are used for illustration.
A first example is a 10 × 10 array of super-surfaces, which uses key coding and has a coding sequence 0011001100 in the x-direction, as shown in fig. 8, and fig. 9 shows the beam-modulating characteristics of the super-surface when a mixed polarization TEM plane wave composed of TE polarization and TM polarization is obliquely incident at 70 °. The included angle between the electric field polarization direction of the TEM plane wave and the incident plane is 45 degrees, so that the plane wave has x polarization components and y polarization components simultaneously; the electric field pattern is shown in fig. 9, and it can be observed that the pattern only has a single beam pointing at-18 ° in the upper half space, which is close to the theoretical prediction result of 15 °; therefore, the proposed programmable super-surface has single beam modulation capability for any polarization form.
To verify the single beam scanning function of the super-surface, the second example code sequence in the x-direction is 0101010101, as shown in FIG. 10. The incident wave in this example is a TE polarized plane wave with an angle of incidence of 70 deg., and it can be seen from the figure that the coded sequence can achieve a single beam radiation pointing at 26 deg. in the upper half space, which is 25 deg. from theoretical prediction. Therefore, the 1-Bit super surface can realize the single beam scanning function by controlling the coding sequence to any polarized plane wave under the large-angle oblique incidence.
It should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and similar structures should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention as long as they can generate 180 ° phase difference under the condition of switching diodes "on" and "off"; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface is formed by periodically expanding a plurality of electrically-controlled super surface units, and is characterized in that: the super-surface unit comprises a top-layer patch (10), a first dielectric layer (20), a feeder line (30), a second dielectric layer (40), a metal floor (50), a third dielectric layer (60) and a bottom-layer load circuit (70), wherein the top-layer patch, the first dielectric layer (20), the feeder line (30), the second dielectric layer (40), the metal floor (50), the third dielectric layer (60) and the bottom-layer load circuit (70) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the feeder line (30) comprises a first microstrip line (31) and a second microstrip line (32) which are orthogonally arranged, the first microstrip line (31) and the second microstrip line (32) are connected with the metal floor (50) through metal via holes, the bottom-layer load circuit (70) comprises a PIN tube (71) and a third microstrip line (72) which are connected in series, and the third microstrip line (72) is connected with the metal floor (50) through the metal via holes.
2. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 1, wherein: the first dielectric layer (20), the second dielectric layer (40) and the third dielectric layer (60) are made of F4BM300 materials, and the thicknesses of the first dielectric layer (20), the second dielectric layer (40) and the third dielectric layer (60) are respectively set to be 0.5mm, 4mm and 0.5 mm.
3. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 1, wherein: the first microstrip line (31) comprises a first straight line section (311), a second straight line section (312), a third straight line section (313) and a first lead-out section (314), the second microstrip line (32) comprises a fourth straight line segment (321) and a second lead-out segment (322), two ends of the second straight line section (312) are respectively connected with one end of the first straight line section (311) and one end of the third straight line section (313) through folded edges, so that the second straight line segment (312) is higher than the first straight line segment (311) and the second straight line segment (312), and the other end of the third straight line segment (313) is connected with one end of the first lead-out segment (314), the fourth straight line section (321) is arranged below the second straight line section (312) in a penetrating way and is connected with one end of the second leading-out section (322), the other end of the first lead-out section (314) and the other end of the second lead-out section (322) are connected with the metal floor (50) through metal through holes.
4. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 3, wherein: the length of the second straight line segment (312) is set to be 3.6mm, the length from the head end of the first straight line segment (311) to the tail end of the third straight line segment (313) is set to be 14mm, the length of the fourth straight line segment (321) is set to be 11mm, the widths of the first straight line segment (311), the second straight line segment (312), the third straight line segment (313) and the fourth straight line segment (321) are set to be 1mm, and the widths of the first leading-out segment (314) and the second leading-out segment (322) are set to be 0.8 mm.
5. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 1, wherein: the third microstrip line (72) comprises a fifth straight line segment (721), a sixth straight line segment (722) and a seventh straight line segment (723) parallel to the fifth straight line segment (721), one end of the fifth straight line segment (721) is connected with the PIN tube (71), and two ends of the sixth straight line segment (722) are respectively connected with the other end of the fifth straight line segment (721) and one end of the seventh straight line segment (723) and are perpendicular to the fifth straight line segment (721) and the seventh straight line segment (723).
6. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 5, wherein: the lengths of the fifth straight line segment (721), the sixth straight line segment (722) and the seventh straight line segment (723) are set to be 14mm, 6mm and 7.8mm, respectively.
7. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 1, wherein: the top layer patch (10) comprises a square metal sheet (11) and 4 equilateral triangle through grooves (12) etched on the square metal sheet (11), wherein the bottom edge of each equilateral triangle through groove (12) is right opposite to one edge of the square metal sheet (11), and the vertex angle of each equilateral triangle through groove (12) points to the center of the square metal sheet (11).
8. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 7, wherein: the side length of the square metal sheet (11) is set to be 22mm, and the height of the equilateral triangle through groove (12) is set to be 5.5 mm.
9. The wide-angle dual-polarized 1-Bit programmable super surface of claim 1, wherein: the incident angles of the TE wave and the TM wave were set to + -70 deg..
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115966895A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-14 | 湖南大学 | One-bit broadband programmable super-surface unit and multi-beam array antenna |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115966895A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-14 | 湖南大学 | One-bit broadband programmable super-surface unit and multi-beam array antenna |
| CN115966895B (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-02 | 湖南大学 | One-bit broadband programmable subsurface unit and multi-beam array antenna |
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