CN114813504A - Drawing seepage coupling test device and method for anchor adding sample under high temperature and high pressure - Google Patents
Drawing seepage coupling test device and method for anchor adding sample under high temperature and high pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114813504A CN114813504A CN202210364229.8A CN202210364229A CN114813504A CN 114813504 A CN114813504 A CN 114813504A CN 202210364229 A CN202210364229 A CN 202210364229A CN 114813504 A CN114813504 A CN 114813504A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012945 sealing adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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Abstract
The invention provides a drawing seepage coupling test device and a drawing seepage coupling test method for an anchor adding sample under high temperature and high pressure.A lower push plate is provided with an inner cavity which is opened upwards and used for placing a rock body, and the bottom of an upper push plate is provided with an annular plate which extends into the inner cavity; the bottom of the lower push plate is provided with a first liquid outlet, the first liquid outlet is connected with a flow guide pipe, the flow guide pipe is provided with a flow meter, and the top of the upper push plate is provided with a first liquid inlet and a perforation; the plunger pump is connected with the first liquid inlet hole through a seepage conduit, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the seepage conduit; the fixed end of the anchor rod drawing machine is fixed at the top of the upper push plate, the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine is used for being connected with an anchor rod on a rock body to draw the anchor rod, the displacement measuring meter is used for measuring the moving distance of the anchor rod, and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the stress of the anchor rod; the pressurizing system and the temperature system pressurize and heat the seepage box. The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the seepage process of deep rock mass can be effectively simulated, and the experimental reliability is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drawing seepage tests, in particular to a drawing seepage coupling test device and method for an anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure.
Background
Along with the increasing huge scale of the infrastructure in China, the tunnel construction depth is larger and larger, the geological environment encountered in the engineering construction process is increasingly complex, and the problem of geological conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, rock burst and the like gradually becomes a difficult problem in the tunnel construction process. The anchor bolt support is used as a common support means for tunnel construction, fully exerts the inherent properties of rock-soil body materials by the high tensile property of the anchor bolt support and the bonding effect of a grouting body and a soil layer, greatly transfers the strength and the self-stability capability of rock-soil body media, and is widely applied to the field of geotechnical engineering. However, the existing anchor rod material is subjected to property change and pyrolytic reaction under high temperature and high pressure, so that the original mechanical characteristics of the material are reduced, a structure is separated from a rock-soil body, and safety accidents such as anchor rod falling and instability are easy to happen. In addition, the groundwater seepage effect has important influence on the mechanical property of the rock mass, the corrosion of the anchor rod and the material property, the hydrochemical environment near the anchor rod is obviously changed, the corrosion rate of the reinforcing steel bar of the anchor rod is accelerated, and cement slurry is degraded, so that the anchoring force is gradually lost, the anchoring effect is poor, and the safety and stability of the reinforced rock mass engineering are influenced.
At present, the drawing seepage test device of rock mass has been studied, but the columnar rock mass coupling test device considering seepage and drawing effects simultaneously under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment is rarely involved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a device and a method for testing the draw-off and seepage coupling of an anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure.
The embodiment of the invention provides a drawing seepage coupling test device for an anchoring sample under high temperature and high pressure, which comprises:
the seepage box comprises a lower push plate and an upper push plate, the lower push plate is provided with an inner cavity which is opened upwards and used for placing a rock mass, the bottom of the upper push plate is provided with an annular plate which extends into the inner cavity, and the annular plate is used for being inserted between the inner side wall of the lower push plate and the outer side wall of the rock mass; a first liquid outlet hole is formed in the bottom of the lower push plate and connected with a flow guide pipe, a flow meter is arranged on the flow guide pipe, a first liquid inlet hole and a through hole are formed in the top of the upper push plate, and the through hole is used for the anchor rod to pass through in a sealing mode;
the seepage system comprises a plunger pump and a seepage conduit, the plunger pump is connected with the first liquid inlet hole through the seepage conduit, seepage fluid is injected into the inner cavity through the first liquid inlet hole, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the seepage conduit;
the drawing system comprises an anchor rod drawing machine, a displacement meter and a pressure sensor, wherein the fixed end of the anchor rod drawing machine is fixed at the top of the upper push plate, the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine is used for being connected with an anchor rod on a rock body to draw the anchor rod, the displacement meter is used for measuring the moving distance of the anchor rod, and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the stress of the anchor rod;
a pressurization system for pressurizing the permeate tank; and (c) a second step of,
and the temperature system is used for heating the seepage box.
The sealing box comprises a box body and a box cover, wherein the box body is provided with an upward opening, and the box cover is detachably and hermetically arranged on the box body;
the box body bottom is equipped with the confession the sealed hole that the water conservancy diversion pipe passed, the lid is equipped with the confession the sealed hole that the seepage flow pipe passed, the seepage flow box is located in the sealed box, the seepage flow box with form annular space between the sealed box, heating system is located in the annular space.
Further, still include temperature sensor, temperature sensor position is arranged in the annular space for the temperature of monitoring infiltration case.
Furthermore, the pressurization system comprises a fluid input mechanism and a gas transmission conduit, wherein a gas inlet hole communicated with the annular space is formed in the sealing box in a penetrating mode, and the fluid input mechanism is connected with the gas inlet hole through the gas transmission conduit and used for inputting fluid into the annular space.
Further, the sealing box is provided with an air outlet hole communicated with the annular space, the air outlet hole is connected with an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is provided with a safety valve; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the fluid input mechanism is a high-pressure inert gas cylinder; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and a gas pressure stabilizing valve is arranged on the gas transmission guide pipe.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a squeezing mechanism which is used for pushing the upper push plate and the lower push plate to generate opposite displacement.
Furthermore, the extrusion mechanism comprises a bolt, a threaded hole is formed in the bottom of the sealing box in a penetrating mode, one end of the bolt is located outside the sealing box, the other end of the bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole and abuts against the bottom of the lower push plate, and the bolt is rotated to upwards push the lower push plate.
Furthermore, a cooling box is arranged on the guide conduit, a storage chamber for storing cooling objects is arranged in the cooling box, and the guide conduit penetrates through the side wall of the cooling box and is positioned in the storage chamber; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the lower pushing plate is characterized by further comprising a base plate, a groove with an upward notch is formed in the bottom wall of the lower pushing plate, a flow guide hole is formed in the base plate, the base plate is located in the inner cavity and used for placing a rock body, and a gap is formed between the bottom of the base plate and the bottom wall of the inner cavity.
Further, the anchor rod drawing machine further comprises a central controller, and the central controller is connected with the flow meter, the plunger pump, the pressure gauge, the anchor rod drawing machine, the displacement measuring meter, the pressure sensor, the pressurizing system and the heating system.
In addition, the invention also provides a drawing seepage coupling test method of the high-temperature and high-pressure anchoring columnar rock mass, and the drawing seepage coupling test device based on the high-temperature and high-pressure anchoring sample comprises the following steps:
drilling an anchoring hole in the center of the rock sample, carving a crack surface, and fixing the anchor rod in the anchoring hole;
placing a rock sample in the middle of an inner cavity of the lower push plate, and pouring a sealing adhesive into a cavity between the rock sample and the inner side wall of the lower push plate;
before the sealing adhesive is cured, inserting the annular plate of the upper push plate between the inner side wall of the lower push plate and the outer side wall of the rock body, penetrating the anchor rod through the through hole of the upper push plate, extruding the upper push plate and the lower push plate to enable the upper push plate and the lower push plate to generate opposite displacement, extruding the sealing adhesive to enable the sealing adhesive to fill a cavity between the rock sample and the inner side wall of the lower push plate, and after the sealing adhesive is cured, realizing the sealing of the rock sample side wall;
the upper end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected with the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine, the seepage box is pressurized and heated by the pressurizing system and the heating system respectively, water is injected into the seepage box by the plunger pump, the fluid pressure in the whole process is recorded by the pressure gauge, the seepage fluid above the sample penetrates through the crack surface of the sample and flows out of the guide conduit, after the flow meter displays that the flow of the seepage fluid is stable, the anchor rod drawing machine is started to pull out the anchor rod upwards, and the stress condition of the anchor rod is monitored by the pressure sensor.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: placing the sample in the middle of the inner cavity of the lower push plate, pouring sealing adhesive into the cavity between the sample and the inner side wall of the lower push plate, before the sealing adhesive is cured, inserting the annular plate of the upper push plate between the inner side wall of the lower push plate and the outer side wall of the sample, enabling the anchor rod to penetrate through the through hole of the upper push plate, extruding the upper push plate and the lower push plate to enable the annular plate to generate relative displacement, extruding the sealing adhesive, enabling the sealing adhesive to fill the cavity between the sample and the inner side wall of the lower push plate, after the sealing adhesive is cured, realizing the sealing of the side wall of the sample, enhancing the sealing performance of the experimental device, enabling the sample to be located in a sealed water-proof space, and realizing the seepage process from top to bottom. The seepage box is pressurized and heated by a pressurizing system and a heating system respectively, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure environment can be effectively simulated; utilize the plunger pump to pass through the feed liquor hole and pour into osmotic fluid into to the inner chamber, osmotic fluid top-down seepage flows from the play liquid hole outflow of push down the board, utilizes the flowmeter record osmotic fluid's infiltration flow, starts the stock puller and upwards extracts the stock, utilizes pressure sensor monitoring stock atress condition, can the seepage process of effectual simulation deep rock mass, guarantees the experiment reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a drawing seepage coupling test device for an anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the sealing box and the infiltration tank of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the pallet of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the sample and anchor of fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a central controller 2, a box body 3, a seepage box 4, a box cover 5, an annular plate 6, a flange 7, an O-shaped ring 8, an upper push plate 9, a lower push plate 10, a bolt 11, an air inlet 12, an air outlet 13, a perforation 14, an air inlet 15, an air outlet 16, a sample 17, a crack surface 18, an anchor rod 19, an air outlet pipe 20, a plunger pump 21, a stop valve 22, a pressure gauge 23, a flowmeter 24, a seepage flow guide pipe 25, a backing plate 26, a flow guide hole 27, a groove 28, a flow guide pipe 29, an upper fixing plate 30, a lower fixing plate 31, a laser range finder 32, a pressure sensor 33, an anchor rod drawing machine 34, an annular space 35, a high-pressure inert gas bottle 36, a gas pressure stabilizing valve 37, a gas guide pipe 38, a safety valve 39, a heating system 40, a temperature sensor 41 and a cooling box 42.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drawing seepage coupling test apparatus for an anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure, including a seepage box 4, a seepage system, a drawing system, a pressurizing system and a temperature system.
The seepage box 4 comprises a lower push plate 10 and an upper push plate 9, wherein the lower push plate 10 is provided with an inner cavity which is opened upwards and is used for placing a sample 17, the bottom of the upper push plate 9 is provided with an annular plate 6 which extends into the inner cavity, and the annular plate 6 is used for being inserted between the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10 and the outer side wall of the sample 17; the bottom of the lower push plate 10 is provided with a liquid outlet 16, the liquid outlet 16 is connected with a flow guide pipe 29, the flow guide pipe 29 is provided with a flow meter 24, and the flow meter 24 adopts a high-precision liquid mass flow sensor for calculating the permeation flow. The top of the push-up plate 9 is provided with a liquid inlet hole 15 and a through hole 14, and the through hole 14 is used for a bolt 19 to pass through in a sealing way.
The seepage system is used for injecting a certain pressure of osmotic fluid, which can be water or other fluid, into the sample 17, so that the injected osmotic fluid seeps along the fracture surface 18 inside the sample 17. The seepage system includes plunger pump 21 and seepage pipe, and plunger pump 21 is used for the trace of infiltration fluid to send liquid, plunger pump 21 with feed liquor hole 15 passes through seepage pipe 25 to be connected, through feed liquor hole 15 to intracavity injection infiltration fluid is equipped with stop valve 22 on the seepage pipe 25. The seepage conduit 25 is connected with a pressure gauge 23, and the pressure gauge 23 adopts a high-precision micro-flow control pressure sensor 33 for determining the water injection pressure.
Drawing system includes anchor rod drawbench 34, displacement measurement meter and pressure sensor 33, the stiff end of anchor rod drawbench 34 is fixed in push up plate 9 top, the expansion end of anchor rod drawbench 34 is used for being connected with anchor rod 19 on the sample 17, draws anchor rod 19, and the pull-out force that simulation anchor rod 19 bore is extracted anchor rod 19. The displacement gauge is used for measuring the moving distance of the anchor rod 19, and the pressure sensor 33 is used for measuring the stress on the anchor rod 19, in the embodiment, the fixed end and the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine 34 are respectively connected with a lower fixing plate 31 and an upper fixing plate 30, the displacement measurement is a continuous laser range finder 32, the moving distance of the anchor rods 19 is obtained by measuring the distance between the lower fixing plate 31 and the upper fixing plate 30 in the up and down direction, and the displacement gauge is fixed to the lower surface of the upper fixing plate 30, is stationary with respect to the upper fixing plate 30, after the anchor rod drawing machine 34 starts, the upper fixing plate 30 moves along with the anchor rod 19, the lower fixing plate 31 keeps still, the laser distance measuring instrument 32 emits a sequence of continuous laser beams to the lower fixing plate 31, the laser beams reflected by the target are received by the photoelectric element, the time from the emitting to the receiving of the laser beams is measured by the timer, and the change between the displacements of the laser distance measuring instrument 32 and the lower fixing plate 31 is calculated. The pressure sensor 33 is a vibrating wire anchor cable dynamometer, is installed between the seepage box 4 and the lower fixing plate 31, keeps the three coaxial, and measures the total load acting on the anchor rod 19. The pressurization system is used for pressurizing the seepage box 4, and the temperature system is used for heating the seepage box 4.
Placing a sample 17 in the middle of an inner cavity of a lower push plate 10, pouring a sealing adhesive into a cavity between the sample 17 and the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10, before the sealing adhesive is cured, inserting an annular plate 6 of an upper push plate 9 between the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10 and the outer side wall of the sample 17, enabling an anchor rod 19 to penetrate through a through hole 14 of the upper push plate 9, extruding the upper push plate 9 and the lower push plate 10 to enable the upper push plate 9 and the lower push plate 10 to move in opposite directions, extruding the sealing adhesive, enabling the sealing adhesive to fill the cavity between the sample 17 and the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10, after the sealing adhesive is cured, realizing the side wall sealing of the sample 17, enhancing the sealing performance of an experimental device, enabling the sample 17 to be in a sealed and water-proof space, and further realizing the seepage process from top to bottom. The seepage box 4 is pressurized and heated by a pressurizing system and a heating system 40 respectively, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure environment can be effectively simulated; utilize plunger pump 21 to pass through feed liquor hole 15 and pour into osmotic fluid into the inner chamber, osmotic fluid top-down seepage flows out from the play liquid hole 16 of push down plate 10, utilizes flowmeter 24 record osmotic fluid's infiltration flow, starts anchor rod drawbench 34 and upwards extracts anchor rod 19, utilizes pressure sensor 33 to monitor the 19 atress condition of anchor rod, can the seepage process of effectual simulation deep rock mass, guarantees experiment reliability.
The drawing seepage coupling test device for the anchor adding sample at high temperature and high pressure further comprises a central controller 2, wherein the central controller 2 is connected with a flowmeter 24, a plunger pump 21, a pressure gauge 23, an anchor rod drawing machine 34, a displacement measuring meter, a pressure sensor 33, a pressurizing system and a heating system 40.
The central controller 2 is a master switch of the experimental device and is used for monitoring the operation of each device and processing the data collected by each device. The central controller 2 adopts a computer with stable performance, is connected with the seepage system, the drawing system, the pressurizing system and the temperature system, and controls the operation of the experiment system. The central controller 2 should be kept in a start-up state during the experiment operation period, so that the experiment interruption is avoided, and the continuity of the experiment data and the acquisition of the experiment key parameters are ensured.
Further, add drawing seepage flow coupling test device of anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure still includes the seal box, on the seal box is fixed in base 1, the seal box includes box body 3 and lid 5, 3 upwards openings of box body set up, lid 5 can dismantle and seal installation in on the box body 3, box body 3 and lid 5 pass through flange 7 and connect, and the junction of box body 3 and lid 5 adopts O type circle and copper ring to make up sealedly, and O type circle is high temperature resistant material. 3 bottoms of box body are equipped with the confession the sealed hole that water conservancy diversion pipe 29 passed, lid 5 is equipped with the confession the sealed hole that seepage pipe 25 passed, seepage case 4 is located in the sealed box, seepage case 4 with form annular space 35 between the sealed box, heating system 40 with temperature sensor 41 is located in the annular space 35, temperature sensor 41 adopts high temperature type temperature sensor 41, monitors the temperature of seepage case 4 to dynamic monitoring sample 17 temperature variation. Install heating system 40 in annular space 35, be convenient for simultaneously heat seepage case 4, heating system 40 is to the gas heating in the annular space 35, and simulation high temperature environment, the gas in the annular space 35 realizes comprehensive cladding to seepage case 4 lateral wall, can realize the even heating to seepage case 4. In other embodiments, the heating system 40 may be a heating wire disposed on the sidewall of the infiltration tank 4.
The inner top wall of the push-up plate 9 is provided with a high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber O-shaped ring 8, so that seepage fluid is prevented from seeping along the side wall of the sample 17. The through hole 14 of the upper push plate 9 and the anchor rod 19 are sealed by a high-temperature-resistant sealing rubber O-shaped ring 8, and the liquid inlet hole 15 and the liquid outlet hole 16 are both sealed by high-temperature-resistant epoxy resin.
The seal box and the infiltration tank 4 are both in cylindrical arrangement, so that the inner and outer side walls of the annular space 35 are in coaxial cylindrical shape, and the infiltration tank 4 is uniformly pressurized and heated. The seepage box 4 is made of metal or alloy with high compressive strength, high temperature resistance, good water corrosion resistance and good heat conductivity.
The pressurizing system comprises a fluid input mechanism and a gas transmission conduit 38, wherein a gas inlet hole 12 communicated with the annular space 35 penetrates through the sealing box, the fluid input mechanism is connected with the gas inlet hole 12 through the gas transmission conduit 38 and is used for inputting fluid into the annular space 35, a stop valve is arranged on the gas transmission conduit 38, the fluid can be gas or liquid, in the embodiment, the gas is input into the annular space 35, the gas is inert gas, and the fluid input mechanism is a high-pressure inert gas bottle 36. Because the annular space 35 is arranged, high-pressure gas is input into the annular space 35 by using the input mechanism, so that the high-pressure gas coats the seepage box 4, the seepage box 4 is uniformly pressurized, inert gas is introduced, and meanwhile, the heating system 40 is prevented from influencing the heating of the inert gas.
The sealing box is provided with an air outlet hole 13 communicated with the annular space 35, the air outlet hole 13 is connected with an air outlet pipe 20, the air outlet pipe 20 is provided with a safety valve 39, the pressure born by the seepage box 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the safety valve 39, and the sealing box is prevented from being damaged due to overpressure in the sealing box. When the pressure is slightly higher than the set normal working pressure, the safety valve 39 automatically opens to reduce the pressure. When the pressure is slightly lower than the normal working pressure, the safety valve 39 is automatically closed, and the detection of the pressure in the sealed box can be avoided by arranging the safety valve 39. The high pressure inert gas cylinder 36 and the gas pressure stabilizing valve 37 are both regulated by the central controller 2 to improve the automation degree of the test process.
The gas delivery conduit 38 is provided with a gas pressure stabilizing valve 37, and the gas pressure stabilizing valve 37 regulates the pressure of output gas, ensures the pressure of injected gas to be stable, ensures gas to be stably input into the annular space 35, and thus stably regulates the pressure born by the seepage box 4. The air inlet hole 12 and the air outlet hole 13 are sealed by high temperature resistant epoxy resin.
The pressurization system injects inert gas into the annular space 35 to enable the interior of the annular space 35 to have preset air pressure, and high-pressure environment is simulated, so that the situation that the injected infiltration fluid is not gasified under the action of high temperature can be guaranteed, and the fracture permeability of the sample 17 can be stably measured.
Further, the device also comprises a pressing mechanism which is used for pushing the upper push plate 9 and the lower push plate 10 to displace in opposite directions. In this embodiment, the extrusion mechanism includes bolt 11, the seal box bottom runs through and is equipped with the screw hole, bolt 11 one end is located outside the seal box, the other end with screw hole threaded connection with push down board 10 bottom offsets, and is rotatory bolt 11 upwards promotes push down board 10 can push down board 10 and push up board 9 through rotatory bolt 11 and extrude, gently applys pressure to push down board 10, adjusts the distance that push up board 9 and push down board 10 moved in opposite directions according to the sealed binder injection volume of pouring into, avoids excessively making sealed binder flow to sample 17 top with sample 17 top seal hard. The bolt 11 can also be arranged on the box cover 5 and extends into the sealing box, and the upper push plate 9 is extruded by rotating the bolt 11 to move downwards.
The cooling box 42 is installed on the guide conduit 29, a storage chamber for storing cooling materials is arranged in the cooling box 42, and the guide conduit 29 penetrates through the side wall of the cooling box 42 and is positioned in the storage chamber, so that the heat exchange between the seepage fluid flowing out of the guide conduit 29 and the cooling materials is realized, the temperature of the seepage fluid is reduced, the seepage fluid is in a normal temperature range, and the gasification is avoided. Further, the cooling box 42 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet to form a water circulation cooling space in the cooling box 42, so that the temperature of the cooling object in the cooling box 42 is always low.
The bottom wall of the lower push plate 10 is provided with a groove 28 with an upward notch, the base plate 26 is provided with a flow guide hole 27, the base plate 26 is positioned in the inner cavity and used for placing the sample 17, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the base plate 26 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity, so that the osmotic fluid in the osmotic box 4 can flow out from the bottom. The backing plate 26 is arranged in a circular shape, and the diversion holes 27 on the backing plate 26 are distributed in a cross shape and are opposite to the crack surface 18 of the test sample 17, so that the osmotic fluid can flow out of the diversion holes 27 along the crack surface 18.
The invention also provides a drawing seepage coupling test method of the anchored columnar sample under high temperature and high pressure, and the drawing seepage coupling test device based on the anchored sample under high temperature and high pressure comprises the following steps:
an anchoring hole is drilled in the center of the sample 17, and a crack surface 18 is engraved to fix an anchor rod 19 in the anchoring hole.
Specifically, a sample 17 was taken and a crack surface 18 was prepared, and the sample 17 was cylindrical in shape as a whole and had dimensions of 150mm × 100mm (height × diameter). A sample 17 is a homogeneous sample, two through cracks with the height of 150mm, the length of 20mm and the width of 1mm are symmetrically carved on two sides of the sample 17 by means of a joint carving and cutting technology, and a crack surface 18 is a single crack surface 18. An anchor hole of 5mm diameter was drilled in the center of the test piece 17 by means of drilling technique.
And pouring an anchoring body, preparing a columnar concrete block with an anchor rod 19, and polishing the surface of the columnar concrete block. And cleaning the anchoring hole wall, and dipping water in the hole wall by using a brush to wet the hole wall so as to enable the grouting body to be better bonded with the hole wall. And stirring and mixing the grouting body according to a designed proportion, pouring the grouting body into the anchoring hole, adding a water reducing agent with certain mass to increase the fluidity of the grouting, and curing the poured sample 17 for 24H. The anchor rod 19 is simulated by steel bars, and the length is 75 cm. And inserting the cleaned steel bars into the center of the hole wall, removing the overflowed slurry, vertically fixing, and curing the prepared sample 17 for 14 days under the standard curing condition. 3 days before the test, the front end and the rear end of the anchoring hole are coated with waterproof glue by a brush. After the waterproof glue is dried, a concrete coating with the thickness of 5mm and the smaller strength is coated on the surface, so that the waterproof glue is prevented from being cracked under the action of water pressure, and seepage liquid flows out to influence the record of the flow in the test process.
The sample 17 is placed in the middle of the inner cavity of the lower push plate 10, and the sealing adhesive is poured into the cavity between the sample 17 and the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10.
Specifically, the box cover 5 and the push-up plate 9 are removed, and the heating system 40 and the temperature sensor 41 are installed inside the sealed box and wired to the central controller 2. Placing a backing plate 26 and a sample 17 into the seepage box 4 in sequence, and placing the sample 17 in the center of the backing plate 26; high-temperature-resistant organic silicon rubber is used as a sealing adhesive, waterproof cured rubber is prepared, and waterproof rubber is poured into a cavity between the sample 17 and the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10, so that the cavity between the sample 17 and the side wall of the lower push plate 10 is filled with the waterproof rubber. The injection height of the waterproof rubber is larger than the height of a test piece block of 1/2 and smaller than the height of a test piece block of 2/3.
Before the curing of the sealing adhesive, the annular plate 6 of the upper push plate 9 is inserted between the inner side wall of the lower push plate 10 and the outer side wall of the sample 17, the anchor rod 19 penetrates through the through hole 14 of the upper push plate 9, the upper push plate 9 and the lower push plate 10 are extruded to enable the upper push plate and the lower push plate 10 to generate opposite displacement, the sealing adhesive is extruded to enable the sealing adhesive to fill a cavity between the inner side walls of the sample 17 and the lower push plate 10, and after the sealing adhesive is cured, the side wall sealing of the sample 17 is realized.
Specifically, before the waterproof rubber is cured, the push plate 9 and the box cover 5 are covered, and the anchor rod 19 is connected to the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine 34 through the through hole 14. The mounting flange 7 fixes the box cover 5, so that a closed cavity is formed inside the sealing box. Meanwhile, the bolt 11 is rotated to enable the lower push plate 10 to move upwards, the upper push plate 9 is enabled to move downwards under the extrusion force of the lower push plate 10 and the box cover 5 at the same time, waterproof rubber is extruded, the waterproof rubber penetrates into a gap between the upper push plate 9 and the side wall of the sample 17, the waterproof rubber is tightly attached to the surface of the sample after being solidified, no dead space exists between the upper push plate 9 and the side wall of the sample 17, and water sealing of the side wall of the sample 17 is achieved.
The upper end of the anchor rod 19 is fixedly connected with the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine 34, the seepage box 4 is pressurized and heated by a pressurizing system and a heating system 40 respectively, and the temperature of the seepage box 4 is monitored by a temperature sensor 41; injecting water into the seepage box 4 by using the plunger pump 21, recording the pressure of the fluid in the whole process by using the pressure gauge 23, enabling the seepage fluid above the sample 17 to penetrate through the crack surface 18 of the sample 17 and flow out of the diversion guide pipe 29, starting the anchor rod drawing machine 34 to draw out the anchor rod 19 upwards after the flow meter 24 displays that the flow of the seepage fluid is stable, and monitoring the stress condition of the anchor rod 19 by using the pressure sensor 33.
Specifically, a high-pressure inert gas bottle 36 is opened to fill inert gas into the annular space 35, a gas pressure stabilizing valve 37 is adjusted to keep the pressure in the annular space 35 unchanged at a preset pressure, and a safety pressure value of a safety valve 39 is set; the inert gas in the annular space 35 is heated by the heating system 40 according to the set temperature gradient, the heating is stopped when the temperature is increased to the set temperature, the temperature is kept constant for a period of time, the test piece is fully heated in a high-temperature environment, and the temperature in the annular space 35 in the temperature increasing process can be monitored by the temperature sensor 41 in real time. The plunger pump 21 is used to fill the infiltration tank 4 and record the pressure of the whole process fluid, and the infiltration fluid above the sample 17 penetrates through the crack surface 18 of the sample 17 and flows out from the guide conduit 29. After the flow of the seepage fluid displayed by the flowmeter 24 is stable, the drawing system is started to work, the anchor rod 19 is drawn out, the concrete is deformed and damaged, and the stress condition of the anchor rod 19 is monitored by using the pressure sensor 33.
In this document, the terms front, back, upper and lower are used to define the components in the drawings and the positions of the components relative to each other, and are used for clarity and convenience of the technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a draw seepage flow coupling test device of anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure which characterized in that includes:
the seepage box comprises a lower push plate and an upper push plate, the lower push plate is provided with an inner cavity which is opened upwards and used for placing a rock mass, the bottom of the upper push plate is provided with an annular plate which extends into the inner cavity, and the annular plate is used for being inserted between the inner side wall of the lower push plate and the outer side wall of the rock mass; a first liquid outlet hole is formed in the bottom of the lower push plate and connected with a flow guide pipe, a flow meter is arranged on the flow guide pipe, a first liquid inlet hole and a through hole are formed in the top of the upper push plate, and the through hole is used for the anchor rod to pass through in a sealing mode;
the seepage system comprises a plunger pump and a seepage conduit, the plunger pump is connected with the first liquid inlet hole through the seepage conduit, seepage fluid is injected into the inner cavity through the first liquid inlet hole, and a pressure gauge is arranged on the seepage conduit;
the drawing system comprises an anchor rod drawing machine, a displacement meter and a pressure sensor, wherein the fixed end of the anchor rod drawing machine is fixed at the top of the upper push plate, the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine is used for being connected with an anchor rod on a rock body to draw the anchor rod, the displacement meter is used for measuring the moving distance of the anchor rod, and the pressure sensor is used for measuring the stress of the anchor rod;
a pressurization system for pressurizing the permeate tank; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the temperature system is used for heating the seepage box.
2. The drawing and seepage coupling test device for the anchoring sample at high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a sealing box, wherein the sealing box comprises a box body and a box cover, the box body is arranged with an upward opening, and the box cover is detachably and hermetically mounted on the box body;
the box body bottom is equipped with the confession the sealed hole that the water conservancy diversion pipe passed, the lid is equipped with the confession the sealed hole that the seepage flow pipe passed, the seepage flow box is located in the sealed box, the seepage flow box with form annular space between the sealed box, heating system is located in the annular space.
3. The apparatus for testing the draw-off and seepage coupling of an anchored specimen under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a temperature sensor disposed in the annular space for monitoring the temperature of the seepage box.
4. The apparatus for testing the draw-off and seepage coupling of the anchored test specimen under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressurizing system comprises a fluid input mechanism and a gas transmission conduit, the sealed box is penetrated with a gas inlet hole communicated with the annular space, and the fluid input mechanism is connected with the gas inlet hole through the gas transmission conduit and is used for inputting fluid into the annular space.
5. The apparatus for testing the draw-off and seepage coupling of the sample with the anchor under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sealing box is provided with an air outlet communicated with the annular space, the air outlet is connected with an air outlet pipe, and the air outlet pipe is provided with a safety valve; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the fluid input mechanism is a high-pressure inert gas cylinder; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
and a gas pressure stabilizing valve is arranged on the gas transmission guide pipe.
6. The apparatus for testing the draw-off and seepage coupling of an anchored specimen under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a pressing mechanism for pushing the upper push plate and the lower push plate to displace towards each other.
7. The drawing seepage coupling test device for the anchor adding sample under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 6, wherein the extruding mechanism comprises a bolt, a threaded hole is arranged at the bottom of the sealing box in a penetrating manner, one end of the bolt is positioned outside the sealing box, the other end of the bolt is in threaded connection with the threaded hole and abuts against the bottom of the lower push plate, and the bolt is rotated to push the lower push plate upwards.
8. The drawing and seepage coupling test device for the anchored sample under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a cooling box is mounted on the guide conduit, a storage chamber for storing cooling substances is arranged in the cooling box, and the guide conduit passes through the side wall of the cooling box and is positioned in the storage chamber; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the lower pushing plate is characterized by further comprising a base plate, a groove with an upward notch is formed in the bottom wall of the lower pushing plate, a flow guide hole is formed in the base plate, the base plate is located in the inner cavity and used for placing a rock body, and a gap is formed between the bottom of the base plate and the bottom wall of the inner cavity.
9. The drawing and seepage coupling test device of the anchor sample under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a central controller, wherein the central controller is connected with a flow meter, a plunger pump, a pressure gauge, an anchor rod drawing machine, a displacement gauge, a pressure sensor, a pressurizing system and a heating system.
10. A drawing seepage coupling test method of an anchored columnar rock mass under high temperature and high pressure is characterized in that the drawing seepage coupling test device based on the anchored sample under high temperature and high pressure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps:
drilling an anchoring hole in the center of the rock sample, carving a crack surface, and fixing the anchor rod in the anchoring hole;
placing a rock sample in the middle of an inner cavity of the lower push plate, and pouring a sealing adhesive into a cavity between the rock sample and the inner side wall of the lower push plate;
before the sealing adhesive is cured, inserting the annular plate of the upper push plate between the inner side wall of the lower push plate and the outer side wall of the rock body, penetrating the anchor rod through the through hole of the upper push plate, extruding the upper push plate and the lower push plate to enable the upper push plate and the lower push plate to generate opposite displacement, extruding the sealing adhesive to enable the sealing adhesive to fill a cavity between the rock sample and the inner side wall of the lower push plate, and after the sealing adhesive is cured, realizing the sealing of the rock sample side wall;
the upper end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected with the movable end of the anchor rod drawing machine, the seepage box is pressurized and heated by the pressurizing system and the heating system respectively, water is injected into the seepage box by the plunger pump, the fluid pressure in the whole process is recorded by the pressure gauge, the seepage fluid above the sample penetrates through the crack surface of the sample and flows out of the guide conduit, after the flow meter displays that the flow of the seepage fluid is stable, the anchor rod drawing machine is started to pull out the anchor rod upwards, and the stress condition of the anchor rod is monitored by the pressure sensor.
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| CN202210364229.8A CN114813504A (en) | 2022-04-08 | 2022-04-08 | Drawing seepage coupling test device and method for anchor adding sample under high temperature and high pressure |
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