CN114813350A - Out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and method for plate-type component - Google Patents

Out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and method for plate-type component Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114813350A
CN114813350A CN202210474396.8A CN202210474396A CN114813350A CN 114813350 A CN114813350 A CN 114813350A CN 202210474396 A CN202210474396 A CN 202210474396A CN 114813350 A CN114813350 A CN 114813350A
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China
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plate
bearing plate
upper bearing
compression test
plane
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CN202210474396.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谷倩
罗源
王翔
段攀
苏明义
任帆
田水
彭雨昊
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Priority to CN202210474396.8A priority Critical patent/CN114813350A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/0282Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a plate type component out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and a test method, wherein the test device is used for testing the out-of-plane bias mechanical property of a plate type component and is characterized by comprising a lower bearing plate, an upper bearing plate, a knife angle and parallel rolling shafts; the lower bearing plate is fixed on the end face of the free end of the plate-type component; an upper bearing plate disposed on the lower bearing plate; the knife angle is welded below the upper bearing plate; and the parallel rolling shaft is limited on the end face of the upper bearing plate far away from the lower bearing plate and can roll on the upper bearing plate, when a bias test is carried out, the pressure of the pressure applying device acts on the parallel rolling shaft, and the parallel rolling shaft rolls under pressure and transfers the eccentric force to the plate type member through the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate. The device provided by the invention eliminates horizontal force at the position of the knife hinge, ensures that the direction of the load is always vertical downwards in the loading process, and can achieve a better test effect.

Description

Out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and method for plate-type component
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering structure test devices, and particularly relates to a plate type component out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and a test method.
Background
Due to the continuous development of building industrialization, high-rise buildings and super high-rise buildings are in a variety of stories, various wallboards such as cast-in-place shear walls and prefabricated shear walls are used as main bearing components in the high-rise buildings and are usually acted by eccentric force in actual engineering, so that the research on the eccentric compression mechanical property of the wallboards is of great importance.
In various wallboard eccentric compression test loading devices such as current cast-in-place shear wall, prefabricated shear wall, brickwork wall, adopt sword hinge means to realize the transmission of eccentric force usually, but traditional sword hinge means can have the effect of horizontal force in loading in-process sword hinge department, leads to the load direction of actually applying to guarantee to be vertical downwards all the time. Therefore, the invention needs to provide a plate type component out-of-plane eccentric compression test device which can ensure that the direction of the load is always vertically downward in the loading process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plate type component out-of-plane eccentric compression test device aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the device eliminates horizontal force by arranging parallel rolling shafts, so that the problem that the direction of the load actually transmitted by a biasing device cannot be kept vertically downward all the time is solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a plate type component out-of-plane eccentric compression test device is used for testing out-of-plane bias mechanical property of a plate type component and is characterized by comprising a lower bearing plate, an upper bearing plate, a knife angle and parallel rolling shafts; wherein,
the lower bearing plate is fixed on the free end surface of the plate-type component;
an upper bearing plate disposed on the lower bearing plate;
the knife angle is welded below the upper bearing plate; and
and the parallel rolling shaft is limited on the end surface of the upper bearing plate, which is far away from the lower bearing plate, and can roll on the upper bearing plate, when a compression test is carried out, the pressure of the pressure applying device acts on the parallel rolling shaft, and the parallel rolling shaft rolls under pressure and transfers the eccentric force to the plate type component through the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate.
Furthermore, a knife angle is arranged on the end face, facing the lower bearing plate, of the upper bearing plate, the knife angle is conical, a conical clamping groove matched with the knife angle is formed in the lower bearing plate, and the knife angle is clamped in the conical clamping groove during testing.
Further, the position of the free end of the plate-type component corresponding to the sharp corner of the conical clamping groove is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point.
Furthermore, the two side inclined angles of the conical clamping groove are respectively 30-45 degrees and 45-60 degrees.
Furthermore, bulges used for preventing the parallel rollers from slipping out are arranged on two opposite side edges of the upper pressure bearing plate along the length direction, and the height of each bulge is larger than the radius of each parallel roller.
Further, the parallel rollers comprise a plurality of rollers which are connected in parallel and have the same diameter, each roller can roll freely, and the width of the upper pressure-bearing steel plate is larger than the sum of the diameters of the plurality of rollers.
Furthermore, a loading beam is arranged on the parallel rolling shaft, and during testing, the upper bearing plate is hung on the loading beam through a connecting piece.
Further, the cross section of the loading beam is I-shaped.
Further, the connecting piece is including setting up on the lateral wall of last bearing plate and towards the L shape connecting plate of the extension of load beam direction and pass through threaded connection's bolt with L shape connecting plate, when experimental, go up the bearing plate and pass through the bolt and hang on the load beam, frequent dismantlement when removing from experimental.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a testing method of the above testing device for out-of-plane eccentric compression of a plate member, comprising the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a plate type component; the ground beam and the plate type component are poured into a whole by arranging the connecting steel bars, anchor holes are reserved on the ground beam during pouring, and brackets are arranged at the top of the plate type component according to specifications; pre-burying a lower pressure-bearing steel plate with a conical clamping groove in a bracket part of a plate-type member according to the eccentricity, and ensuring that the position corresponding to the sharp corner of the conical clamping groove is consistent with the position of an eccentric force loading point during pre-burying;
step 2: fixing the plate type member with the ground in a mode that an anchor rod penetrates through an anchor hole, and placing the parallel rolling shafts on the upper pressure-bearing steel plate;
and step 3: embedding the upper bearing plate into the tapered clamping groove of the lower bearing steel plate, and adjusting the position of the parallel rolling shaft to enable the position of the parallel rolling shaft to be positioned in the middle of the groove of the upper bearing plate;
and 4, step 4: and controlling the actuator to move downwards, exerting pressure on the parallel rolling shaft by the actuator, and performing subsequent compression test after the upper pressure-bearing steel plate is kept horizontal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the eccentric compression test device for the plate type component, the parallel rolling shafts are arranged between the upper bearing plate for transmitting the line load and the vertical actuator, so that the horizontal force at the position of the knife hinge in the loading process of the traditional biasing device is eliminated, the load direction in the loading process is always vertical and downward, and a better test effect can be achieved.
(2) According to the invention, the limiting angle steels are arranged on the two sides of the upper pressure-bearing steel plate along the width direction, the upper pressure-bearing steel plate and the loading steel beam can be connected together by using the limiting angle steels through bolts before the test starts and after the test finishes, and the bolts are removed for testing after the component is installed, so that the processes of installing and disassembling the loading device before and after the test are avoided, and the actual loading working condition of the component is realized;
(3) the upper bearing steel plate for placing the parallel rolling shafts is groove-shaped, so that the parallel rolling shafts are prevented from falling off due to emergency in the test process while the rolling of the parallel rolling shafts is ensured, dangerous factors in the test process are avoided, and the safety of test workers in the test process can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an eccentric compression test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an eccentric compression test apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an eccentric compression test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of an eccentric compression test apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of an eccentric compression test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper bearing plate and a knife corner in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower bearing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a parallel roller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a limiting angle steel in the embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-upper bearing plate; 2-parallel rolling shafts; 3-lower bearing plate; 30-a tapered slot; 4-limiting angle steel; 5-knife angle; 6-loading a steel beam; 7-a screw; 8-wallboard test piece; 9-ground beam.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention provides a plate type member out-of-plane eccentric compression test device which is used for testing the out-of-plane eccentric compression mechanical property of a plate type member, wherein in the embodiment, the eccentric compression member is a wallboard, when an eccentric compression wallboard test piece 8 is manufactured, a ground beam 9 and the wallboard test piece 8 are cast into a whole by arranging connecting steel bars according to the specification, anchor holes are reserved on the ground beam 9 during casting, and meanwhile, brackets are arranged at the top of the wallboard test piece 8 according to the specification. Before the test, the wallboard test piece is fixed on the ground beam 9 in a mode that the anchor rod penetrates through the anchor hole. As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the eccentric compression test apparatus includes a lower bearing plate 3, an upper bearing plate 1 disposed on the lower bearing plate 3, and parallel rollers 2 confined in the upper bearing plate 1. When the wallboard test piece is manufactured, the lower bearing plate 3 is pre-embedded on the bracket at the top of the wallboard test piece 8 in advance. In order to facilitate accurate transmission of the eccentric force, a conical clamping groove 30 is arranged on the lower bearing plate 3, and the position of the sharp corner of the conical clamping groove 30 is consistent with that of an eccentric force loading point. And correspondingly to the lower bearing plate 3, the bottom of the upper bearing plate 1 is provided with a taper knife angle 5 matched with the taper clamping groove 30, and the knife angle 5 is embedded in the taper clamping groove 30, so that the transmission of vertical eccentric load is realized. Specifically, the knife angle 5 is welded in the middle of the bottom of the upper bearing plate 1, and the knife angle 5 is embedded into the tapered clamping groove 30 of the lower bearing plate 3 during the test. The parallel rolling shaft 2 comprises a plurality of rolling shafts connected in parallel, and each rolling shaft can roll freely. In order to prevent the parallel rolling shaft 2 from rolling off the upper bearing plate 1 during the test, bulges are arranged on two sides of the upper bearing plate 1 along the length direction, the bulges form a concave groove on the top surface of the upper bearing plate 1, the parallel rolling shaft 2 is placed in the concave groove, the width of the section of the upper bearing steel plate 1 is larger than the sum of the diameters of all the rolling shafts, so that the rolling space of the parallel rolling shaft 2 is ensured in the test process, and the parallel rolling shaft 2 is placed in the concave groove towards the eccentric direction of the test in the initial stage. In order to facilitate the pressing of the pressing device, a loading beam 6 is arranged on the parallel roller 2. The cross section of the loading beam 6 is I-shaped, the loading steel beam 6, the parallel roller 2 and the upper bearing plate 1 are guaranteed to be in mutual contact during testing, relative sliding is realized between the loading steel beam 6 and a wallboard test piece through the parallel roller 2 under the action of vertical eccentric load, horizontal force existing at a cutter hinge position in the loading process is eliminated, and therefore the direction of load in the loading process is guaranteed to be vertical and downward all the time; the anchor eye is reserved when the grade beam 9 waters with the wallboard test piece, and the grade beam 9 is fixed with ground through the stock during experiment to the boundary condition that the test piece other end is the stiff end has been satisfied. In order to ensure good contact among the loading steel beam 6, the parallel rolling shaft 2 and the upper bearing plate 1 before the test, a plurality of connecting pieces are arranged on the side wall of the upper bearing plate along the length direction at intervals, the connecting pieces comprise an L-shaped connecting plate extending towards the loading beam direction and a bolt connected with the L-shaped connecting plate through threads, and during the test, the upper bearing plate 1 is hung on the loading beam 6 through the bolt. In this embodiment, the L-shaped connecting plate is an L-shaped limit angle 4, and the limit angles 4 are uniformly welded to both sides of the upper bearing plate 1. After the test is finished, the screw 7 suspends the upper pressure-bearing steel plate 1 on the loading steel beam 6 through the screw hole reserved in the limiting angle steel 4, the screw 7 is removed in the test process, and the installation and the disassembly of the loading device in the test piece carrying process are reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, the length of the upper pressure-bearing steel plate 1 is the same as the length of the top of the wallboard test piece 8, and the width of the cross section of the upper pressure-bearing plate 1 is much larger than the sum of the diameters of the parallel rollers 2, so as to ensure that the parallel rollers 2 have enough rolling space; the height of the convex part on the upper bearing plate 1 is more than or equal to the radius of the parallel roller 2, so that the parallel roller 2 is prevented from sliding out accidentally in the test process. The knife angle 5 is welded in the middle of the bottom of the upper bearing plate 1, the cross section of the knife angle is in a regular triangle shape, and the length of the knife angle 5 is the same as that of the upper bearing plate 1. In this example, the width of the section of the upper pressure-bearing steel plate 1 is 300mm, the height of the convex part is 20mm, the thickness is 30mm, the side length of the regular triangle of the section of the knife angle 5 is 80mm, and the lengths of the upper pressure-bearing steel plate 1 and the knife angle 5 are 1500 mm.
As shown in fig. 7, the length of the lower bearing plate 3 with the tapered clamping groove is the same as the length of the top of the wallboard test piece 8, the width of the cross section is determined by the concrete size of the wallboard test piece 8, and the lower bearing plate 3 with the tapered clamping groove 30 is pre-embedded in advance on the bracket at the top of the wallboard test piece 8, so that the corresponding position of the sharp opening of the tapered clamping groove 30 on the wallboard test piece 8 is consistent with the eccentricity when the lower bearing plate is pre-embedded. In this example, the lower bearing steel plate 3 with the tapered clamping groove 30 has a cross-sectional width of 150mm and a height of 80 mm. The left and right inclination angles of the tapered clamping groove are respectively 30-45 degrees and 45-60 degrees, in the embodiment, the left and right inclination angles of the tapered clamping groove are respectively 30 degrees and 60 degrees, and the length of the pressure-bearing steel plate with the knife edge is 1500 mm.
As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the parallel roller 2 is formed by connecting three rollers having the same diameter, the length of the parallel roller 2 is the same as that of the upper bearing plate 1, and the diameter of the roller is determined according to the width of the section of the loading steel beam 6. In this example, the individual rollers are 40mm in diameter and 1500mm in length.
As shown in fig. 9, the spacing angle iron 4 is L-shaped, the spacing angle iron 4 includes a flange horizontally and transversely disposed and a web vertically disposed with the flange and extending toward the loading beam, the width of the flange is determined according to specific test conditions, the height of the web, the position of the screw hole and the length of the screw 7 should ensure that the loading device can be suspended on the loading steel beam 6, and the spacing angle iron 4 is uniformly arranged along both sides of the width of the loading steel beam according to the length of the upper bearing steel plate 1. In the example, the flange length of the limiting angle steel 4 is 80mm, the flange thickness is 30mm, the web length is 150mm, the web thickness is 30mm, the diameter of the screw hole is 15mm, and the length of the screw rod 7 is 240 mm.
The test method of the eccentric compression test device for the plate-type member provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps of:
step 1: manufacturing an eccentric compression plate type component 8; the ground beam 9 and the test piece are poured into a whole by arranging connecting steel bars according to the specification, an anchor hole is reserved in the ground beam 9 during pouring, and the height of the poured plate type component 8 is half of that of the plate type component to be tested; meanwhile, a bracket is arranged at the top of the wallboard test piece 8 according to the standard; embedding a lower bearing steel plate 3 with a conical clamping groove at the top of the bracket according to the eccentricity, and ensuring that the position corresponding to the sharp opening of the conical clamping groove is consistent with the position of an eccentric force loading point during embedding;
step 2: taking an anchor rod, enabling the anchor rod to penetrate through an anchor hole to fix the wallboard test piece 8 with the ground, hanging the upper pressure-bearing plate 1 on the loading steel beam 6 through a screw 7, and placing the parallel rolling shaft 2 in a concave groove of the upper pressure-bearing steel plate 1;
and step 3: embedding the knife angle 5 into the conical clamping groove of the lower bearing plate 3, and adjusting the position of the parallel roller 2 to enable the position of the parallel roller 2 to be positioned in the middle of the concave groove of the upper bearing plate 1;
and 4, step 4: the actuator is controlled to move downwards, the actuator applies pressure to the loading beam 6 to enable the loading beam 6 to compress the parallel rolling shaft 2, the screw 7 on the limiting angle steel 4 is removed after the upper bearing plate 1 is kept horizontal, and a subsequent pressure application test is prepared.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A plate type component out-of-plane eccentric compression test device is used for testing out-of-plane bias mechanical property of a plate type component and is characterized by comprising a lower bearing plate, an upper bearing plate, a knife angle and parallel rolling shafts; wherein,
the lower bearing plate is fixed on the end face of the free end of the plate-type component;
an upper bearing plate disposed on the lower bearing plate; and
and the parallel rolling shaft is limited on the end face, far away from the lower bearing plate, of the upper bearing plate and can roll on the upper bearing plate, when a compression test is carried out, the pressure of the pressure applying device acts on the parallel rolling shaft, and the parallel rolling shaft rolls under pressure and transfers the eccentric force to the plate type member through the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate.
2. The plate member out-of-plane eccentricity compression test device according to claim 1, wherein a knife angle is arranged on an end surface of the upper bearing plate facing the lower bearing plate, the knife angle is conical, a conical clamping groove matched with the knife angle is arranged on the lower bearing plate, and the knife angle is clamped in the conical clamping groove during test.
3. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device for the plate-type member as claimed in claim 2, wherein the position of the free end of the load bearing member corresponding to the sharp corner of the tapered slot is consistent with the position of the eccentric force loading point.
4. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device of the plate member as claimed in claim 2, wherein the two sides of the tapered clamping groove have inclination angles of 30 ° -45 ° and 45 ° -60 °, respectively.
5. The plate member out-of-plane eccentricity compression test device of claim 1, wherein the upper bearing plate is provided with protrusions on two opposite side edges along the length direction for preventing the parallel rollers from slipping out, and the height of the protrusions is greater than the radius of the parallel rollers.
6. The plate member out-of-plane eccentricity compression test device of claim 1, wherein the parallel rollers comprise a plurality of rollers connected in parallel and having the same diameter, wherein each roller can roll freely, and the width of the upper bearing steel plate is larger than the sum of the diameters of the plurality of rollers.
7. The plate member out-of-plane eccentricity compression test device according to claim 1, wherein a loading beam is arranged on the parallel rolling shafts, and the upper bearing plate is hung on the loading beam through a connecting piece during testing.
8. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test apparatus of claim 7, wherein the cross-section of the load beam is i-shaped.
9. The out-of-plane eccentric compression test device of claim 7, wherein the connecting member comprises an L-shaped connecting plate disposed on the sidewall of the upper bearing plate and extending toward the load beam, and a bolt threadedly coupled to the L-shaped connecting plate, wherein the upper bearing plate is suspended on the load beam by the bolt during the test.
10. A test method of the out-of-plane eccentric compression test device of the plate member according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: manufacturing a plate type component; the ground beam and the wallboard component are cast into a whole by arranging the connecting steel bars, an anchor hole is reserved on the ground beam during casting, and a bracket is arranged at the top of the plate component according to the specification; pre-burying a lower pressure-bearing steel plate with a conical clamping groove in a bracket part of a plate-type member according to the eccentricity, and ensuring that the position corresponding to the sharp corner of the conical clamping groove is consistent with the position of an eccentric force loading point during pre-burying;
step 2: fixing the plate type member with the ground in a mode that an anchor rod penetrates through an anchor hole, and placing the parallel rolling shafts on the upper pressure-bearing steel plate;
and step 3: embedding the upper bearing plate into the tapered clamping groove of the lower bearing steel plate, and adjusting the position of the parallel rolling shaft to enable the position of the parallel rolling shaft to be positioned in the middle of the groove of the upper bearing plate;
and 4, step 4: and controlling the actuator to move downwards, exerting pressure on the parallel rolling shaft by the actuator, and performing subsequent compression test after the upper pressure-bearing steel plate is kept horizontal.
CN202210474396.8A 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and method for plate-type component Pending CN114813350A (en)

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CN202210474396.8A CN114813350A (en) 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and method for plate-type component

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CN202210474396.8A CN114813350A (en) 2022-04-29 2022-04-29 Out-of-plane eccentric compression test device and method for plate-type component

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117288578A (en) * 2023-09-21 2023-12-26 四川路桥建设集团股份有限公司 Eccentric compression component loading device with fine adjustment of eccentricity

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117288578A (en) * 2023-09-21 2023-12-26 四川路桥建设集团股份有限公司 Eccentric compression component loading device with fine adjustment of eccentricity
CN117288578B (en) * 2023-09-21 2024-07-12 四川路桥建设集团股份有限公司 Eccentric compression component loading device with fine adjustment of eccentricity

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