CN114813194B - Double-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device and method - Google Patents
Double-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114813194B CN114813194B CN202210562716.5A CN202210562716A CN114813194B CN 114813194 B CN114813194 B CN 114813194B CN 202210562716 A CN202210562716 A CN 202210562716A CN 114813194 B CN114813194 B CN 114813194B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pasture machinery, and particularly relates to a double-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device and method. The device comprises a rack, an upper flattening roller, a second screw hole uct bearing, a second belt transmission system, a second planet plate, a second uct bearing, a second lead screw elevator, a second pressure sensor, a second pressure measuring bar, a second hydraulic cylinder, a lower flattening roller, a first hydraulic cylinder, a first planet plate, a first pressure measuring bar, a first pressure sensor, a first lead screw elevator, a first uct bearing, a data acquisition controller, a frequency converter, a frequency conversion motor, a first coupler, a torque sensor, a second coupler, a chain transmission system, a first belt transmission system and a first screw hole uct bearing; the device can change the angle and the distance between the upper and lower flattening rollers, change the rotating speed of the flattening rollers, realize the separation of the upper and lower flattening rollers when foreign matters possibly meet in the real operation process, and measure the pressing force, the rotating speed and the torque between the rollers in the alfalfa modulation process in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pasture machinery, and particularly relates to a double-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device and method.
Background
The modulation treatment can effectively improve the field dehydration rate of the alfalfa, reduce the problem of leaf drop caused by asynchronous stem leaf drying rate in the tedding process of the alfalfa, and improve the quality of the alfalfa. Working parameters such as the rotating speed, the gap, the angles of the upper and lower flattening rollers and the like of the flattening rollers, structural parameters such as the radius of the flattening rollers, the shape of the roller grains and the like, and material parameters such as the feeding amount, the alfalfa length and the like have important influences on the modulation effect and the energy consumption of equipment. Modulation test research is carried out by designing the alfalfa modulation test device, uncertainty caused by complex field operation environment can be avoided, the influence of the parameters on modulation quality and energy consumption is effectively analyzed, and the alfalfa modulation test device has important significance for designing and optimizing a modulation mechanism and improving the alfalfa modulation quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pair-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device and a method, which can change the angle and the distance between an upper flattening roller and a lower flattening roller, change the rotating speed of the flattening rollers, realize the separation of the upper flattening roller and the lower flattening roller when foreign matters possibly meet in the real operation process, and measure the pressing force, the rotating speed and the torque between the rollers in the alfalfa modulation process in real time, so as to overcome the defects of the conventional test device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a pair-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device comprises a rack 1, an upper flattening roller 2, a second screw hole uct bearing 3, a second belt transmission system 4, a second planet plate 5, a second uct bearing 6, a second lead screw elevator 7, a second pressure sensor 8, a second pressure measuring bar 9, a second hydraulic cylinder 10, a lower flattening roller 11, a first hydraulic cylinder 12, a first planet plate 13, a first pressure measuring bar 14, a first pressure sensor 15, a first lead screw elevator 16, a first uct bearing 17, a data acquisition controller 18, a frequency converter 19, a frequency conversion motor 20, a first coupler 21, a torque sensor 22, a second coupler 23, a chain transmission system 24, a first belt transmission system 25 and a first screw hole uct bearing 26;
the left side and the right side of the rack 1 are fixedly connected with an upper transverse beam and a lower transverse beam respectively, and the lower parts of the lower transverse beams on the left side and the right side are fixedly connected with a vertical beam respectively;
a first uct bearing 17 and a second uct bearing 6 are connected with two vertical beams on the left side and the right side of the rack 1, lead screw knobs of the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6 are respectively directed to the first lead screw lifter 16 and the second lead screw lifter 7 and are parallel to the vertical beams of the rack, the lower flattening roller 11 is installed between the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6 in a rotating pair mode, and the bearings slide in the guide grooves by adjusting lead screws on the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6, so that the lower flattening roller 11 moves towards or away from the first lead screw lifter 16 and the second lead screw lifter 7 along the horizontal direction;
the upper flattening roller 2 is arranged between the first planetary plate 13 and the second planetary plate 5 in a rotating pair mode through a bearing;
the first planet plate 13 is provided with a first planet plate first screw hole 13-1, and the first planet plate first screw hole 13-1 is aligned with a screw hole 26-1 of a first belt screw hole uct bearing 26 of an upper transverse beam fixed on the left side of the rack 1 to form a revolute pair; the second planet plate 5 is provided with a first screw hole of the second planet plate, and the first screw hole of the second planet plate is aligned with a screw hole of a second bearing 3 with screw holes uct of an upper transverse beam fixed on the right side of the frame 1 to form a revolute pair;
one end of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to an upper transverse beam of the frame 1, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the first planet plate 13 through a bolt; one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the upper cross beam of the frame 1, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second planet plate 5 through a bolt;
the heights of the first planetary plate 13 and the second planetary plate 5 can be changed by adjusting the screw rods on the first screw hole uct bearing 26 and the second screw hole uct bearing 3 and changing the elongation of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10, so that the adjustment of the distance between the flattening rollers is realized;
the chain transmission system 24 comprises a first chain wheel 24-1, a chain 24-2, a tension wheel 24-3, a second chain wheel 24-4 and a third chain wheel 24-5, wherein the first chain wheel 24-1 is fixedly connected on the shaft of the lower pinch roller 11; the tensioning wheel 24-3 is fixedly arranged at the upper transverse beam on the left side of the rack 1 and plays a tensioning role through a spring; the second chain wheel 24-4 is fixedly arranged on a first belt screw hole uct bearing 26, a screw rod knob of the first belt screw hole uct bearing 26 is downwards fixedly arranged on an upper transverse beam of the rack, and the second chain wheel 24-4 can move in the vertical direction by adjusting the screw rod knob of the first belt screw hole uct bearing 26; the third chain wheel 24-5 is fixedly arranged at the upper transverse beam at the left side of the frame 1; the chain 24-2 bypasses the first chain wheel 24-1, the tension wheel 24-3, the second chain wheel 24-4 and the third chain wheel 24-5, wherein the first chain wheel 24-1, the tension wheel 24-3 and the third chain wheel 24-5 rotate along a first direction, and the second chain wheel 24-4 rotates along a second direction opposite to the first direction, so that the functions of driving and changing the rotating speed direction of the upper and lower crushing rollers are achieved, and the upper and lower crushing rollers can rotate oppositely;
the variable frequency motor 20 is connected with the frequency converter 19 through a lead, the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor 20 can be adjusted in a stepless manner, the power output end of the variable frequency motor 20 is connected with the torque sensor 22 through the first coupler 21, the other end of the torque sensor 22 is connected with the first chain wheel 24-1 through the second coupler 23, power is provided for the chain transmission system 24, the torque sensor 22 is connected with the data acquisition controller 18 through a lead, and torque parameters can be recorded in real time;
the first belt transmission system 25 comprises a first belt pulley 25-1, a first belt 25-2 and a second belt pulley 25-3, wherein the first belt pulley 25-1 and a second chain pulley 24-4 are coaxially and fixedly installed on a first belt screw hole uct bearing 26, the second belt pulley 25-3 is fixedly connected to a shaft of the upper pinch roll 2, the first belt pulley 25-1 and the second belt pulley 25-3 are connected through the first belt 25-2, and the upper pinch roll and the lower pinch roll rotate at the same speed or at different speeds by changing the sizes of the first belt pulley 24-1 and the second belt pulley 25-3;
the second belt transmission system 4 comprises a third belt pulley 4-1, a second belt 4-2 and a fourth belt pulley 4-3, wherein the third belt pulley 4-1 is fixedly arranged on a second belt screw hole uct bearing 3, the fourth belt pulley 4-3 is fixedly connected to a shaft of the upper flattening roller 2, and the third belt pulley 4-1 is connected with the fourth belt pulley 4-3 through the second belt 4-2;
A method for performing alfalfa modulation testing by using the roll-adjustable alfalfa modulation testing device, comprising the following steps:
1) Determining the sizes of the chain wheel and the belt pulley according to the test requirements and installing the chain wheel and the belt pulley, adjusting lead screws on a first belt screw hole uct bearing 26 and a second belt screw hole uct bearing 3, changing the elongation of a first hydraulic cylinder 12 and a second hydraulic cylinder 10, determining the distance between an upper flattening roller 2 and a lower flattening roller 11, and ensuring that a first pressure measuring bar 14 and a first pressure sensor 15 as well as a second pressure measuring bar 9 and a second pressure sensor 8 are kept consistent in the vertical direction after adjustment;
adjusting lead screws on a first uct bearing 17 and a second uct bearing 4, changing the position of the lower flattening roller 11 in the horizontal direction, and adjusting the angle between the upper flattening roller 2 and the lower flattening roller 11;
2) Turning on a variable frequency motor 20, and adjusting a frequency converter 19 to enable the upper flattening roller 2 and the lower flattening roller 11 to reach a preset rotating speed;
3) Starting a data acquisition controller 18, adjusting the heights of screws of a first screw lifter 16 and a second screw lifter 7, enabling a first pressure sensor 15 and a second pressure sensor 8 to respectively extrude a first pressure measuring bar 14 and a second pressure measuring bar 9 mutually, enabling the pressure value collected by the data acquisition controller 18 to exceed a certain preset value X, and feeding alfalfa after the value is stable;
4) When the feeding amount is too large or foreign matters exist, the numerical values collected by the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 are smaller than another preset value Y, the data acquisition controller 18 controls the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to contract, so that the first side planet plate 13 and the second planet plate 5 rotate anticlockwise around the first screw hole uct bearing 26 and the second screw hole uct bearing 3, the upper flattening roller 2 is lifted, and the upper flattening roller 2 is separated from the lower flattening roller 11; after the foreign matter passes through, the upper pinch roll 2 is reset by the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 reaching the initial elongation.
In the step 3), when the distance or the angle between the rollers needs to be adjusted, and before the secondary test is performed, the heights of the lead screws of the first lead screw lifter 16 and the second lead screw lifter 7 need to be lowered, so that the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 are prevented from being damaged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device can change the angle and the distance between the upper and lower flattening rollers, change the rotating speed of the flattening rollers, realize the separation of the upper and lower flattening rollers when foreign matters possibly meet in the real operation process, and measure the pressing force, the rotating speed and the torque between the rollers in the alfalfa modulation process in real time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a roll-adjustable alfalfa modulation test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the roll adjustable alfalfa modulation testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the roll-adjustable alfalfa modulation testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a planet plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bearing with screw holes uct.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
1. frame 2, upper pinch rolls
3. Second belt screw uct bearing 4 and second belt transmission system
4-1, a third belt pulley 4-2 and a second belt
4-3, a fourth belt pulley 5, a second planet plate
6. Second uct bearing 7 and second lead screw lifter
8. Second pressure sensor 9, second pressure measuring bar
10. Second hydraulic cylinder 11, lower flattening roller
12. First hydraulic cylinder 13 and first planetary plate
13-1, a first screw hole 13-2 of a first planet plate and a central shaft hole of the planet plate
13-3, a second screw hole 14 of the first planet plate and a first pressure measuring bar
15. First pressure sensor 16, first lead screw lift
17. First uct bearing
18. Data acquisition controller 19 and frequency converter
20. Variable frequency motor 21 and first coupling
22. Torque sensor 23, second coupling
24. Chain transmission system 24-1, first sprocket
24-2, chain 24-3 and tension wheel
24-4, a second chain wheel 24-5 and a third chain wheel
25. First belt drive system 25-1, first belt pulley
25-2, a first belt 25-3 and a second belt wheel
26. First uct bearing 26-1 with screw hole and screw hole
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pair-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation testing apparatus includes a frame 1, an upper flattening roller 2, a second belt screw uct bearing 3, a second belt transmission system 4, a second planet plate 5, a second uct bearing 6, a second lead screw elevator 7, a second pressure sensor 8, a second pressure measuring bar 9, a second hydraulic cylinder 10, a lower flattening roller 11, a first hydraulic cylinder 12, a first planet plate 13, a first pressure measuring bar 14, a first pressure sensor 15, a first lead screw elevator 16, a first uct bearing 17, a data acquisition controller 18, a frequency converter 19, a variable frequency motor 20, a first coupling 21, a torque sensor 22, a second coupling 23, a chain transmission system 24, a first belt transmission system 25, and a first belt screw uct bearing 26.
The left side and the right side of the rack 1 are fixedly connected with an upper transverse beam and a lower transverse beam respectively, and the lower parts of the lower transverse beams on the left side and the right side are fixedly connected with a vertical beam respectively.
The first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6 are connected with two vertical beams at the left side and the right side of the rack 1, the lead screw knobs of the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6 are respectively directed to the first lead screw lifting machine 16 and the second lead screw lifting machine 7 and are parallel to the vertical beams of the rack, the lower flattening roller 11 is arranged between the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6 in a rotating pair mode, and the bearings slide in the guide grooves by adjusting the lead screws on the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 6, so that the lower flattening roller 11 can move towards or away from the first lead screw lifting machine 16 and the second lead screw lifting machine 7 along the horizontal direction.
The upper pinch rolls 2 are mounted between the first and second planet plates 13, 5 in the form of revolute pairs via bearings.
As shown in fig. 4, the first planet plate 13 is provided with a first planet plate first screw hole 13-1, and the first planet plate first screw hole 13-1 is aligned with the screw hole 26-1 of the first belt screw hole uct bearing 26 of the upper transverse beam fixed on the left side of the rack 1 to form a revolute pair. Similarly, the second planet plate 5 is provided with a second planet plate first screw hole which is aligned with a screw hole of a second bearing 3 with a screw hole uct fixed on the upper transverse beam on the right side of the frame 1 to form a revolute pair.
One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to an upper transverse beam of the frame 1, and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the first planet plate 13 through a bolt; one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the upper transverse beam of the frame 1, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second planet plate 5 through a bolt.
The heights of the first planet plate 13 and the second planet plate 5 can be changed by adjusting the screw rods on the first 5363 with screw holes uct bearing 26 and the second 3242 with screw holes uct bearing 3 and changing the elongation of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the squeeze rollers.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the chain transmission system 24 comprises a first chain wheel 24-1, a chain 24-2, a tension pulley 24-3, a second chain wheel 24-4 and a third chain wheel 24-5, wherein the first chain wheel 24-1 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the lower pinch roll 11; the tensioning wheel 24-3 is fixedly arranged at the upper transverse beam at the left side of the frame 1 and plays a tensioning role through a spring; the second chain wheel 24-4 is fixedly arranged on a first belt screw hole uct bearing 26, a screw rod knob of the first belt screw hole uct bearing 26 is downwards fixedly arranged on an upper transverse beam of the rack, and the second chain wheel 24-4 can move in the vertical direction by adjusting the screw rod knob of the first belt screw hole uct bearing 26; the third chain wheel 24-5 is fixedly arranged at the upper transverse beam at the left side of the frame 1; the chain 24-2 bypasses the first chain wheel 24-1, the tension wheel 24-3, the second chain wheel 24-4 and the third chain wheel 24-5, wherein the first chain wheel 24-1, the tension wheel 24-3 and the third chain wheel 24-5 rotate along a first direction, and the second chain wheel 24-4 rotates along a second direction opposite to the first direction, so that the functions of driving and changing the rotating speed direction of the upper and lower crushing rollers are achieved, and the upper and lower crushing rollers can rotate oppositely.
The variable frequency motor 20 is connected with the frequency converter 19 through a lead, the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor 20 can be adjusted in a stepless mode, the power output end of the variable frequency motor 20 is connected with the torque sensor 22 through the first coupler 21, the other end of the torque sensor 22 is connected with the first chain wheel 24-1 through the second coupler 23, power is provided for the chain transmission system 24, and the torque sensor 22 is connected with the data acquisition controller 18 through a lead and can record torque parameters in real time.
As shown in FIG. 3, the first belt transmission system 25 comprises a first belt pulley 25-1, a first belt 25-2 and a second belt pulley 25-3, wherein the first belt pulley 25-1 and the second belt pulley 24-4 are coaxially and fixedly arranged on a first belt screw hole uct bearing 26, the second belt pulley 25-3 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the upper squeeze roll 2, the first belt pulley 25-1 and the second belt pulley 25-3 are connected through the first belt 25-2, and the upper and lower squeeze rolls can rotate at the same speed or at different speeds by changing the sizes of the first belt pulley 24-1 and the second belt pulley 25-3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the second belt transmission system 4 comprises a third belt pulley 4-1, a second belt pulley 4-2 and a fourth belt pulley 4-3, wherein the third belt pulley 4-1 is fixedly installed on a second belt screw hole uct bearing 3, the fourth belt pulley 4-3 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the upper pinch roll 2, and the third belt pulley 4-1 is connected with the fourth belt pulley 4-3 through the second belt 4-2.
According to fig. 4, the first planetary plate 13 and the second planetary plate 5 are respectively and fixedly connected with a first pressure measuring bar 14 and a second pressure measuring bar 9, a first screw rod lifter 16 and a second screw rod lifter 7 are fixed on a transverse beam below the left side and the right side of the rack 1, a first pressure sensor 15 and a second pressure sensor 8 are respectively installed on the first screw rod lifter 16 and the second screw rod lifter 7, and the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 are connected with a data acquisition controller 18 through wires.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the device works, firstly, the height of the first screw hole uct bearing 26 and the second screw hole uct bearing 3 and the elongation of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 are adjusted to determine the distance between an upper roller and a lower roller, the variable frequency motor 20 is started to provide power, the heights of the screws of the first screw rod elevator 16 and the second screw rod elevator 7 are adjusted to enable the first pressure measuring bar 14 and the second pressure measuring bar 9 and the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 to be mutually extruded, and after the values of the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 are stabilized, an alfalfa modulation test is carried out.
During the modulation process, the change of the pressing force between the rollers is collected in real time by the data acquisition controller 18. The data acquisition controller 18 is also connected with the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 through leads, when the acquisition pressure of the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 is smaller than a given threshold value, the data acquisition controller 18 controls the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to contract to lift the upper flattening roller 2, so that the upper flattening roller and the lower flattening roller are separated to avoid foreign matters, and after the foreign matters pass through, the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 extend to preset positions to reset the upper flattening roller 2.
A method for carrying out alfalfa modulation test by using a double-roller adjustable alfalfa modulation test device comprises the following steps:
1. according to the test requirements, the sizes of the chain wheel and the belt pulley are determined and the chain wheel and the belt pulley are installed, the screw rods on the first belt screw hole uct bearing 26 and the second belt screw hole uct bearing 3 are adjusted, the elongation of the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 is changed, the distance between the upper flattening roller 2 and the lower flattening roller 11 is determined, and the first pressure measuring bar 14 and the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure measuring bar 9 and the second pressure sensor 8 are ensured to be consistent in the vertical direction after adjustment.
The lead screws on the first uct bearing 17 and the second uct bearing 4 are adjusted, the position of the lower pinch roll 11 in the horizontal direction is changed, and the angle between the upper pinch roll 2 and the lower pinch roll 11 is adjusted.
2. The inverter motor 20 is switched on and the upper pinch roll 2 and the lower pinch roll 11 are brought to a predetermined rotational speed by adjusting the inverter 19.
3. And starting a data acquisition controller 18, adjusting the heights of the screws of the first screw lifter 16 and the second screw lifter 7, respectively extruding the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 with the first pressure measuring bar 14 and the second pressure measuring bar 9, respectively, so that the pressure value collected by the data acquisition controller 18 exceeds a certain preset value X, and feeding alfalfa after the value is stable.
After the alfalfa is fed, the pressure value collected by the data acquisition controller 18 is reduced to a value X 2 Alfalfa stress F = X-X 2 Description of requirement X 2 Not a constant value, the force to which the alfalfa is subjected will also vary due to the influence of the nonlinear characteristics of the alfalfa. Meanwhile, the preset value X should not be too small, and the condition that the numerical value is 0 should not occur in the data acquisition process. When the distance or the angle between the rollers needs to be adjusted, the lead screw heights of the first lead screw lifter 16 and the second lead screw lifter 7 need to be lowered before secondary test is carried out, and the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 are prevented from being damaged.
4. When the feeding amount is too large or foreign matters exist, the numerical values collected by the first pressure sensor 15 and the second pressure sensor 8 are smaller than another preset value Y, the data acquisition controller 18 controls the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to contract, so that the first side planet plate 13 and the second planet plate 5 rotate anticlockwise around the first screw hole uct bearing 26 and the second screw hole uct bearing 3, the upper flattening roller 2 is lifted, and the upper flattening roller 2 is separated from the lower flattening roller 11; after the foreign matter passes through, the upper pinch roll 2 is reset by the first hydraulic cylinder 12 and the second hydraulic cylinder 10 reaching the initial elongation.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides an alfalfa modulation test device with adjustable pair roller which characterized in that: the device comprises a rack (1), an upper flattening roller (2), a second bearing (3) with a screw hole uct, a second belt transmission system (4), a second planet plate (5), a second uct bearing (6), a second lead screw elevator (7), a second pressure sensor (8), a second pressure measuring bar (9), a second hydraulic cylinder (10), a lower flattening roller (11), a first hydraulic cylinder (12), a first planet plate (13), a first pressure measuring bar (14), a first pressure sensor (15), a first lead screw elevator (16), a first uct bearing (17), a data acquisition controller (18), a frequency converter (19), a frequency conversion motor (20), a first coupler (21), a torque sensor (22), a second coupler (23), a chain transmission system (24), a first belt transmission system (25) and a first bearing uct bearing (26);
the left side and the right side of the rack (1) are respectively fixedly connected with an upper transverse beam and a lower transverse beam, and the lower parts of the lower transverse beams on the left side and the right side are respectively fixedly connected with a vertical beam;
a first uct bearing (17) and a second uct bearing (6) are connected with two vertical beams on the left side and the right side of the rack (1), screw knobs of the first uct bearing (17) and the second uct bearing (6) are respectively directed to a first screw elevator (16) and a second screw elevator (7) and are parallel to the vertical beams of the rack, the lower flattening roller (11) is installed between the first uct bearing (17) and the second uct bearing (6) in a rotating pair mode, and the bearings slide in the guide grooves by adjusting screw rods on the first uct bearing (17) and the second uct bearing (6), so that the lower flattening roller (11) moves towards or away from the first screw elevator (16) and the second screw elevator (7) in the horizontal direction;
the upper flattening roller (2) is arranged between the first planetary plate (13) and the second planetary plate (5) in a rotating pair mode through a bearing;
the first planet plate (13) is provided with a first planet plate first screw hole (13-1), and the first planet plate first screw hole (13-1) is aligned with a screw hole (26-1) of a first belt screw hole uct bearing (26) of an upper transverse beam fixed on the left side of the rack (1) to form a revolute pair; the second planet plate (5) is provided with a first screw hole of the second planet plate, and the first screw hole of the second planet plate is aligned with a screw hole of a second bearing (3) with a screw hole uct and fixed on an upper transverse beam on the right side of the rack (1) to form a revolute pair;
one end of the first hydraulic cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to an upper transverse beam of the rack (1), and the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the first planet plate (13) through a bolt; one end of the second hydraulic cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to an upper transverse beam of the rack (1), and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the second planet plate (5) through a bolt;
the heights of the first planetary plate (13) and the second planetary plate (5) can be changed by adjusting screw rods on a first screw hole uct bearing (26) and a second screw hole uct bearing (3) and changing the elongation of a first hydraulic cylinder (12) and a second hydraulic cylinder (10), so that the adjustment of the distance between the flattening rollers is realized;
the chain transmission system (24) comprises a first chain wheel (24-1), a chain (24-2), a tension wheel (24-3), a second chain wheel (24-4) and a third chain wheel (24-5), wherein the first chain wheel (24-1) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the lower pinch roll (11); the tensioning wheel (24-3) is fixedly arranged at the upper transverse beam on the left side of the rack (1) and plays a tensioning role through a spring; the second chain wheel (24-4) is fixedly arranged on a first belt screw hole uct bearing (26), a screw rod knob of the first belt screw hole uct bearing (26) is downwards fixedly arranged on an upper transverse beam of the rack, and the second chain wheel (24-4) can move in the vertical direction by adjusting the screw rod knob of the first belt screw hole uct bearing (26); the third chain wheel (24-5) is fixedly arranged at the upper transverse beam on the left side of the rack (1); the chain (24-2) rounds a first chain wheel (24-1), a tension wheel (24-3), a second chain wheel (24-4) and a third chain wheel (24-5), wherein the first chain wheel (24-1), the tension wheel (24-3) and the third chain wheel (24-5) rotate along a first direction, the second chain wheel (24-4) rotates along a second direction opposite to the first direction, the functions of driving and changing the rotating speed direction of the upper and lower crushing rollers are achieved, and the upper and lower crushing rollers can rotate oppositely;
the variable frequency motor (20) is connected with the frequency converter (19) through a lead, the rotating speed of the variable frequency motor (20) can be adjusted in a stepless mode, the power output end of the variable frequency motor (20) is connected with the torque sensor (22) through the first coupler (21), the other end of the torque sensor (22) is connected with the first chain wheel (24-1) through the second coupler (23) to provide power for the chain transmission system (24), and the torque sensor (22) is connected with the data acquisition controller (18) through a lead and can record torque parameters in real time;
the first belt transmission system (25) comprises a first belt pulley (25-1), a first belt (25-2) and a second belt pulley (25-3), wherein the first belt pulley (25-1) and a second chain wheel (24-4) are coaxially and fixedly installed on a first belt screw hole uct bearing (26), the second belt pulley (25-3) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the upper flattening roller (2), the first belt pulley (25-1) and the second belt pulley (25-3) are connected through the first belt (25-2), and the upper flattening roller and the lower flattening roller rotate at the same speed or at different speeds by changing the sizes of the first belt pulley (24-1) and the second belt pulley (25-3);
the second belt transmission system (4) comprises a third belt pulley (4-1), a second belt (4-2) and a fourth belt pulley (4-3), wherein the third belt pulley (4-1) is fixedly installed on a second belt screw hole uct bearing (3), the fourth belt pulley (4-3) is fixedly connected to a shaft of the upper flattening roller (2), and the third belt pulley (4-1) is connected with the fourth belt pulley (4-3) through the second belt (4-2);
first planet board (13) and second planet board (5) rigid coupling respectively have first pressure bar (14) and second pressure bar (9), be fixed with first lead screw lift (16) and second lead screw lift (7) on the horizontal roof beam of both sides below about frame (1), install first pressure sensor (15) and second pressure sensor (8) on first lead screw lift (16) and second lead screw lift (7) respectively, first pressure sensor (15) and second pressure sensor (8) are connected with data acquisition controller (18) through the wire.
2. A method for performing a alfalfa modulation test using the roll-adjustable alfalfa modulation test apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Determining the sizes of a chain wheel and a belt pulley according to test requirements and installing the chain wheel and the belt pulley, adjusting lead screws on a first belt screw hole uct bearing (26) and a second belt screw hole uct bearing (3) and changing the elongation of a first hydraulic cylinder (12) and a second hydraulic cylinder (10), determining the distance between an upper flattening roller (2) and a lower flattening roller (11), and ensuring that a first pressure measuring bar (14) and a first pressure sensor (15) and a second pressure measuring bar (9) and a second pressure sensor (8) are kept consistent in the vertical direction after adjustment;
adjusting lead screws on a first uct bearing (17) and a second uct bearing (4), changing the position of the lower flattening roller (11) in the horizontal direction, and adjusting the angle between the upper flattening roller (2) and the lower flattening roller (11);
2) Turning on a variable frequency motor (20), and adjusting a frequency converter (19) to enable an upper flattening roller (2) and a lower flattening roller (11) to reach a preset rotating speed;
3) Starting a data acquisition controller (18), adjusting the screw heights of a first screw lifter (16) and a second screw lifter (7), enabling a first pressure sensor (15) and a second pressure sensor (8) to respectively extrude a first pressure measuring bar (14) and a second pressure measuring bar (9) mutually, enabling the pressure value collected by the data acquisition controller (18) to exceed a certain preset value X, and feeding alfalfa after the value is stable;
4) When the feeding amount is too large or foreign matters exist, the numerical values collected by the first pressure sensor (15) and the second pressure sensor (8) are smaller than another preset value Y, the data acquisition controller (18) controls the first hydraulic cylinder (12) and the second hydraulic cylinder (10) to contract, so that the first side planet plate (13) and the second planet plate (5) rotate anticlockwise around the first screw hole uct bearing (26) and the second screw hole uct bearing (3), the upper flattening roller (2) is lifted, and the upper flattening roller (2) and the lower flattening roller (11) are separated; after the foreign matters pass through, the upper flattening roller (2) is reset by enabling the first hydraulic cylinder (12) and the second hydraulic cylinder (10) to reach the initial elongation.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step 3), when the distance or the angle between the rollers needs to be adjusted, the lead screw heights of the first lead screw lifter (16) and the second lead screw lifter (7) need to be lowered before the secondary test is carried out, and the first pressure sensor (15) and the second pressure sensor (8) are prevented from being damaged.
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