CN114812836A - Compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for heat facing surface of non-metal heat-insulation-proof test piece - Google Patents
Compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for heat facing surface of non-metal heat-insulation-proof test piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN114812836A CN114812836A CN202210265738.5A CN202210265738A CN114812836A CN 114812836 A CN114812836 A CN 114812836A CN 202210265738 A CN202210265738 A CN 202210265738A CN 114812836 A CN114812836 A CN 114812836A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
- G01K1/12—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing damage due to heat overloading
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
- G01K1/143—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations for measuring surface temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/023—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples provided with specially adapted connectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
- G01K7/08—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples the object to be measured forming one of the thermoelectric materials, e.g. pointed type
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Abstract
The invention provides a compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for a heat facing surface of a non-metal heat-proof test piece. The compression joint type temperature measuring device for the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulation prevention test piece comprises a thermocouple, a quartz ejector rod, a displacement compensator, a heat insulation tile, a heat source lamp array and a temperature collector; the thermocouple is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod, and a probe of the thermocouple extends out of the front end of the quartz ejector rod by a first distance; the probe is provided with a test piece contact surface; the displacement compensator is arranged on the quartz ejector rod and can provide pressing force for the quartz ejector rod, so that the front end of the quartz ejector rod can tightly press the probe of the thermocouple on a test piece. The invention provides pressing force for the quartz ejector rod by adopting the displacement compensator, realizes the effect that the front end of the quartz ejector rod presses the thermocouple probe tightly on the test piece, and achieves the purpose that the temperature thermocouple probe always keeps close contact with the surface of the nonmetal heat-proof material in the test process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pneumatic thermal simulation tests, in particular to a compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for a heat-facing surface of a non-metal heat-insulation test piece.
Background
Along with the continuous deepening of the research and development work of hypersonic aircrafts and novel high-thrust carrier rockets, the designed flight speed of the aircrafts is greatly improved, the pneumatic heating environment caused by the design flight speed is very severe, and the thermal barrier problem caused by pneumatic heating is very serious. The key technology and the core technology of the overall safe and reliable design of the aircraft at the present stage during the research of high-temperature structural materials and the design of an anti-heat insulation structure.
When the temperature exceeds 1000 ℃, even if high-temperature resistant metal materials such as nickel-based high-temperature alloy or titanium alloy and the like are adopted, the phenomena of deformation, softening and rigidity reduction can occur under a severe pneumatic heating environment, and the pneumatic appearance and the flight safety of the high-speed aircraft are seriously influenced. In addition, the instrument chamber installed with the precise electronic equipment has strict temperature control, and must be designed and laid with heat-proof materials. Most of the heat-proof and heat-insulating schemes at the present stage adopt heat-proof and heat-insulating materials made of non-metallic light materials such as carbon fiber composite materials, porous foam type high-temperature ceramic tiles, high silica glass fibers and the like. When the heat insulation design is carried out, the surface temperature of the non-metal heat insulation material needs to be measured in advance to check the temperature resistance, the ablation performance and the heat insulation performance of the non-metal heat insulation material.
The conventional contact type temperature measurement means comprises a welding mode and an adhesion mode. However, because the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulating material can be ablated by heating in a severe pneumatic heating environment, the thermocouple probe cannot be welded on the non-metal surface, and when the thermocouple probe is fixed in a bonding mode, the thermocouple probe can be separated from the surface of the test piece by degumming along with ablation, so that the surface temperature measurement is inaccurate and even the temperature measurement fails, so that the temperature measurement of the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulating test piece cannot be carried out by the conventional contact temperature measurement means.
Because the surface of a test piece can be thermally ablated and thermally damaged in an extremely high-temperature environment, the same test piece cannot be subjected to repeated thermal tests, and the cost of the heat-proof test piece is very high, the test data obtained in each test is precious, and the feasibility and the precision of the welding or bonding temperature measurement method obviously cannot meet the experimental requirements.
Patent document CN 104483029 a discloses a temperature measurement structure suitable for high temperature environment and a method for installing the same, wherein the temperature measurement structure includes a high temperature adhesive layer disposed on the surface of a carbon-based composite material, a temperature sensor and a first thermal protection layer, the temperature sensor passes through the high temperature adhesive layer and is bonded on the surface of the carbon-based composite material, the first thermal protection layer is covered on the temperature sensor, and although the scheme adopts the design of the high temperature adhesive layer, the melting of the adhesive caused under the high temperature condition is avoided, but the degumming and separation phenomenon caused by thermal ablation still cannot be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for a heat-facing surface of a non-metal heat-insulation test piece.
The compression joint type temperature measuring device for the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulation test piece comprises a thermocouple, a quartz ejector rod, a displacement compensator, a heat insulation tile, a heat source lamp array and a temperature collector;
the tail end of the quartz ejector rod is positioned behind the heat source lamp array, and the top end of the quartz ejector rod penetrates out of the gap of the heat source lamp array and extends to the front of the heat source lamp array;
the thermocouple is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod, and a probe of the thermocouple extends out of the front end of the quartz ejector rod by a first distance; the end part of the thermocouple is electrically connected with the temperature collector; the probe is provided with a test piece contact surface;
the displacement compensator is arranged on the quartz ejector rod and behind the heat source lamp array and can provide pressing force for the quartz ejector rod, so that the front end of the quartz ejector rod can tightly press a probe of the thermocouple on the test piece.
And a heat insulation tile is arranged between the heat source lamp array and the displacement compensator.
Preferably, the thermocouple is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod through inorganic high-temperature glue.
Preferably, the thermocouple is provided with a plurality of bare wires which are mutually separated and fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod.
Preferably, the diameter of the quartz ejector rod is less than or equal to 4mm, and the length of the quartz ejector rod is more than or equal to 200 mm.
Preferably, the displacement compensator incorporates a compression spring.
Preferably, the material of the heat insulation tile is a hard aluminum silicate ceramic fiber heat insulation board or quartz heat insulation cloth.
Preferably, the heat source lamp array comprises a plurality of silicon-molybdenum infrared radiation heating pipes capable of forming a high-temperature environment of 1600 ℃.
Preferably, the inorganic high-temperature glue is inorganic silicate high-temperature-resistant inorganic glue.
According to the crimping type temperature measuring method of the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulation preventing test piece, which is provided by the invention, the crimping type temperature measuring device of the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulation preventing test piece is used, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step 1: adhering a thermocouple to the quartz ejector rod by using inorganic high-temperature adhesive, adhering the probe to a position which extends out of the front end of the quartz ejector rod by 1mm, and waiting for the inorganic high-temperature adhesive to be cured;
step 2: electrically connecting the end part of the thermocouple with a temperature collector 7;
and step 3: connecting a quartz ejector rod with a displacement compensator, fixing the displacement compensator at a proper position, and ensuring that a thermocouple probe is tightly contacted with the surface of the test piece 6 by the pressing force applied to the quartz ejector rod by the displacement compensator;
and 4, step 4: and starting the heat source lamp array, and recording probe data of the thermocouple by using a temperature collector, wherein the data is the temperature of the heat-facing surface of the test piece.
Preferably, the suitable positions are: when the displacement compensator is in the proper position, the pretightening force provided by the displacement compensator to the quartz ejector rod is more than or equal to 2 newtons.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the displacement compensator is adopted to provide pressing force for the quartz ejector rod, so that the effect that the thermocouple probe is pressed on the test piece by the front end of the quartz ejector rod is realized, and the purpose that the temperature thermocouple probe is always kept in close contact with the surface of the nonmetal heat-proof material in the test process is achieved.
2. According to the invention, the heat insulation tile is arranged between the heat source lamp array and the displacement compensator, so that the phenomenon of functional failure of the displacement compensator possibly caused by high temperature of the heat source lamp array is prevented.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing a preset temperature curve of the surface of the temperature collector and the test piece in the verification test.
The figures show that:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a compression joint type temperature measuring device for a heat-facing surface of a non-metal heat-proof test piece, which comprises a thermocouple 1, a quartz ejector rod 2, a displacement compensator 3, a heat-insulating tile 4, a heat source lamp array 5 and a temperature collector 7, wherein the thermocouple 1 is arranged on the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece; in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the quartz ejector rod 2 is less than or equal to 4mm, and the length is more than or equal to 200 mm.
The tail end of the quartz ejector rod 2 is positioned behind the heat source lamp array 5, and the top end of the quartz ejector rod 2 penetrates out of the gap of the heat source lamp array 5 and extends to the front of the heat source lamp array 5;
the thermocouple 1 is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod 2, specifically, the thermocouple 1 is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod 2 through inorganic high-temperature glue, the inorganic high-temperature glue is inorganic silicate high-temperature-resistant inorganic glue, and the heat-resistant temperature of the inorganic high-temperature-resistant inorganic glue reaches 1730 ℃. The thermocouple 1 is provided with a plurality of bare wires which are mutually separated and fixedly connected on a quartz ejector rod 2. The thermocouple 1 has a probe 8 that extends a first distance beyond the front end of the quartz ejector pin, which in a preferred embodiment is a pointed tip design. The end part of the thermocouple 1 is electrically connected with a temperature collector 7, and a contact surface of a test piece 6 is arranged on the probe 8. The output signal of the thermocouple 1 in pressure joint on the surface of the test piece 6 is transmitted to the temperature collector 7 through a lead, and the temperature collector 7 records and calculates the temperature change data of the surface of the test piece 6; in a preferred embodiment, the thermocouple 1 can adopt different specifications according to the temperature measurement range, and a K-type thermocouple with the measurement range reaching 1300 ℃ is commonly used; the first distance is 1mm, namely, the thermocouple 1 probe is tightly installed at a position slightly extending out of the top end of the quartz ejector rod 2 by 1 mm.
The displacement compensator 3 is arranged on the quartz ejector rod 2 and is positioned behind the heat source lamp array 5, and specifically, the tail end of the quartz ejector rod 2 is fixedly connected with the displacement compensator 3; the displacement compensator 3 can provide pressing force for the quartz ejector rod 2, so that the front end of the quartz ejector rod can tightly press the probe 8 of the thermocouple 1 on the test piece 6, the pressing force applied to the quartz ejector rod 2 by the displacement compensator 3 ensures that the probe 8 of the thermocouple 1 is tightly contacted with the surface of the test piece 6, and the accuracy and reliability of the temperature test result of the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-insulation test piece are ensured. In a preferred embodiment, the test piece 6 is a flat test piece, and the displacement compensator 3 is provided with a pressure spring inside.
And a heat insulation tile 4 is arranged between the heat source lamp array 5 and the displacement compensator 3. The heat insulation tile 4 is arranged at the periphery of the displacement compensator 3, so that the displacement compensator 3 is prevented from functional failure caused by high temperature of the heat source lamp array 5;
in a preferred example, the material of the heat insulation tile 4 is a hard alumina silicate ceramic fiber heat insulation board or quartz heat insulation cloth. The heat source lamp array 5 comprises a plurality of silicon-molybdenum infrared radiation heating pipes which can form a high-temperature environment of 1600 ℃;
the invention also provides a crimping type temperature measuring method of the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece, which uses the crimping type temperature measuring device of the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece and further comprises the following steps: step 1: adhering the thermocouple 1 to the quartz ejector rod 2 by using inorganic high-temperature adhesive, adhering the probe 8 to a position which extends out of the front end of the quartz ejector rod by 1mm, and waiting for the inorganic high-temperature adhesive to be cured; and 2, step: the end of the thermocouple 1 is electrically connected with a temperature collector 7. And step 3: the quartz ejector rod 2 is connected with the displacement compensator 3, the displacement compensator 3 is fixed at a proper position, and the pressing force applied to the quartz ejector rod 2 by the displacement compensator 3 ensures that the thermocouple probe 8 is in close contact with the surface of the test piece 6, so that the accuracy and reliability of the temperature test result of the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece are ensured. In a preferred example, the suitable positions are: when the quartz ejector rod 2 is in the proper position, the pre-tightening force provided by the displacement compensator 3 to the quartz ejector rod 2 is more than or equal to 2 newtons. And 4, step 4: and starting the heat source lamp array 5, and recording data of a probe 8 of the thermocouple by using a temperature collector 7, wherein the data is the temperature of the heat facing surface of the test piece.
The idea of the invention is as follows: the inventor finds that the thermocouple sensor and the surface of the test piece are always in a tight combination state under the high-temperature extreme environment, and can realize the temperature measurement of the surface of the non-metal heat-proof and heat-insulating material under the high-temperature environment in principle. However, in order to keep the temperature thermocouple probe in close contact with the surface of the non-metallic heat-proof material all the time in the test process, the part near the thermocouple probe and the surface of the test piece must not have large relative displacement, and particularly, the temperature thermocouple probe can still keep a stable state under an extremely high temperature environment, which is a key and technical difficulty related to the success or failure of a crimping temperature measurement mode. The invention adopts the mutual matching of the displacement compensator 3, the quartz ejector rod 2 and the probe 8 of the thermocouple, and the mode that the displacement compensator 3 provides pretightening force ensures that the thermocouple probe always keeps close contact with the surface of the non-metal heat-proof material in the test process.
In order to verify the feasibility and the precision of the device and the method, a verification test is constructed, and non-ablative materials are used as test pieces in the test. When the device and the method provided by the invention are used for measuring the temperature of a conventional non-metal heat-proof test piece, because an ablation material is adopted as the test piece, the temperature of the surface of the test piece can not be controlled according to the characteristics of the ablation material, and in a verification test, because a non-ablation material is adopted as the test piece, the temperature of the heat-facing surface of the test piece can be controlled in a mode of presetting the temperature on the surface of the test piece by using external temperature control equipment, and if the temperature read in the temperature collector 7 and the preset temperature of the heat-facing surface of the test piece are within an error range, the device and the method provided by the invention are feasible and the precision is in accordance with the requirement. As shown in fig. 2, in the verification test, the temperature curve read by the temperature collector 7 (i.e. the measured temperature of the surface of the test piece) is basically coincident with the preset temperature curve of the surface of the test piece, i.e. by adopting the device and the method of the invention, the read data of the temperature collector 7 is basically the same as the temperature of the heat-facing surface of the test piece, and the verification test shows that the effect of the invention is significant, and the requirements of the temperature test feasibility and the precision of the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece are met
The invention is used for simulating the high-temperature test environment of the non-metal heat-proof and insulating material, and carrying out compression joint type real-time temperature measurement and acquisition on the high-temperature dynamic change of the heat-facing surface of the test piece up to thousands of degrees, thereby meeting the temperature test requirement of the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof and insulating test piece. The method can be used for recording the change condition of the surface temperature of the heat-proof material in the high-temperature heat test process. The work has very important practical significance on the design of thermal protection and safe reliability of the aerospace craft, and has important application value of national defense and military engineering.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A compression joint type temperature measuring device for a heat-facing surface of a non-metal heat-insulation test piece is characterized by comprising a thermocouple (1), a quartz ejector rod (2), a displacement compensator (3), a heat-insulation tile (4), a heat source lamp array (5) and a temperature collector (7);
the tail end of the quartz ejector rod (2) is positioned behind the heat source lamp array (5), and the top end of the quartz ejector rod (2) penetrates out of the gap of the heat source lamp array (5) and extends to the front of the heat source lamp array (5);
the thermocouple (1) is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod (2), and a probe (8) of the thermocouple (1) extends out of the front end of the quartz ejector rod by a first distance; the end part of the thermocouple (1) is electrically connected with a temperature collector (7); the probe (8) is provided with a contact surface of a test piece (6);
the displacement compensator (3) is arranged on the quartz ejector rod (2) and is positioned behind the heat source lamp array (5), and the displacement compensator (3) can provide pressing force for the quartz ejector rod (2) so that the front end of the quartz ejector rod can tightly press a probe (8) of the thermocouple (1) on the test piece (6);
and a heat insulation tile (4) is arranged between the heat source lamp array (5) and the displacement compensator (3).
2. The non-metal heat-proof test piece heat-facing surface crimping type temperature measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the thermocouple (1) is fixedly connected to the quartz ejector rod (2) through inorganic high-temperature glue.
3. The non-metal heat-proof test piece heat-facing surface crimping type temperature measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermocouple (1) is provided with a plurality of bare wires which are mutually separated and tightly connected on a quartz ejector rod (2).
4. The crimping type temperature measuring device for the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the quartz ejector rod (2) is less than or equal to 4mm, and the length of the quartz ejector rod is greater than or equal to 200 mm.
5. The non-metal thermal insulation test piece heat-facing surface crimping type temperature measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure spring is arranged in the displacement compensator (3).
6. The non-metal heat-proof test piece heat-facing surface compression joint type temperature measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat-insulating tile (4) is a hard alumina silicate ceramic fiber heat-insulating board or quartz heat-insulating cloth.
7. The non-metal thermal insulation test piece heat-facing surface crimping type temperature measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the heat source lamp array (5) comprises a plurality of silicon-molybdenum infrared radiation heating pipes capable of forming a high-temperature environment of 1600 ℃.
8. The non-metal heat-proof test piece heat-facing surface compression joint type temperature measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic high-temperature glue is inorganic silicate high-temperature-resistant inorganic glue.
9. A compression joint type temperature measuring method for a heat-facing surface of a non-metal heat-proof test piece is characterized in that the compression joint type temperature measuring device for the heat-facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece is adopted according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method further comprises the following steps:
step 1: adhering a thermocouple (1) on a quartz ejector rod (2) by using inorganic high-temperature adhesive, adhering a probe (8) at a position extending 1mm out of the front end of the quartz ejector rod, and waiting for the inorganic high-temperature adhesive to be cured;
step 2: electrically connecting the end part of the thermocouple (1) with a temperature collector 7;
and step 3: connecting the quartz ejector rod (2) with the displacement compensator (3), fixing the displacement compensator (3) at a proper position, and ensuring that the thermocouple probe (8) is tightly contacted with the surface of the test piece (6) by the pressing force applied to the quartz ejector rod (2) by the displacement compensator (3);
and 4, step 4: and starting the heat source lamp array (5), and recording data of a probe (8) of the thermocouple by using a temperature collector (7), wherein the data is the temperature of the heat-facing surface of the test piece.
10. The method for measuring the crimping temperature of the heat facing surface of the non-metal heat-proof test piece according to claim 9, wherein the proper positions are as follows: when the device is in the proper position, the displacement compensator (3) provides pretightening force for the quartz ejector rod (2) which is more than or equal to 2 newtons.
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| CN202210265738.5A CN114812836A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for heat facing surface of non-metal heat-insulation-proof test piece |
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| CN202210265738.5A CN114812836A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Compression joint type temperature measuring device and method for heat facing surface of non-metal heat-insulation-proof test piece |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116124823A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-16 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device and method for testing ignition parameters of double-layer material plate in thermal radiation field |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116124823A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-16 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device and method for testing ignition parameters of double-layer material plate in thermal radiation field |
| CN116124823B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-08-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device and method for testing ignition parameters of double-layer material plate in thermal radiation field |
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