CN114812801A - Calibration method and calibration device for photon counting device - Google Patents
Calibration method and calibration device for photon counting device Download PDFInfo
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- G01J1/10—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter by comparison with reference light or electric value provisionally void
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
- G01J1/10—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter by comparison with reference light or electric value provisionally void
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Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration method and a calibration device of a photon counting device, relating to the technical field of in vitro diagnosis, wherein the calibration method of the photon counting device comprises the following steps: s1, the light source emits light with preset power, the PMT tube collects the irradiation light emitted by the light source to obtain the detection light intensity value, if the detection light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, the percentage of the difference between the detection light intensity value and the reference light intensity value is calculated; s2, judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, not calibrating the PMT tube 1; and if the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value, calibrating the PMT tube. By using the method, whether the PMT tube has the attenuation phenomenon or not can be judged timely and effectively, whether the attenuation phenomenon is serious or not can be judged, and the PMT tube can be calibrated or replaced when the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is serious, so that the detection effect of the photomultiplier tube can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of in-vitro diagnosis, in particular to a calibration method of a photon counting device. Furthermore, a calibration device for carrying out the calibration method of the photon counting device is also disclosed.
Background
In the prior art, an in vitro diagnostic apparatus usually detects the concentration of an object to be detected by using a method of detecting light intensity, the light intensity signal of the object to be detected may be very weak, and in order to realize weak light detection, a photomultiplier tube (PMT tube) is usually used in the prior art, and has very high sensitivity. The photomultiplier is a vacuum photoelectric device based on an external photoelectric effect, and the photomultiplier generates certain loss after long-time exposure, which leads to reduced sensitivity. Once the photomultiplier fails or is attenuated obviously, the detection result is abnormal obviously, and misdiagnosis is caused.
In summary, how to improve the detection effect of the photomultiplier tube is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a calibration method for a photon counting device, which can effectively determine whether a PMT tube has an attenuation phenomenon and determine whether the attenuation phenomenon is severe, and can calibrate or replace the PMT tube when the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is severe, so as to effectively improve the detection effect of the PMT tube.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a calibration device for implementing the calibration method of the above-described photon counting device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of calibrating a photon counting apparatus, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that a light source emits light with preset power, a PMT tube collects irradiating light emitted by the light source to obtain a detected light intensity value, and if the detected light intensity value is smaller than a reference light intensity value, the percentage of the difference value between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value is calculated;
judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and if the percentage is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold value, not calibrating the PMT tube; and if the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value, calibrating the PMT tube.
Preferably, the calibrating the PMT tube includes:
the light source emits irradiation light with different light intensity gears under different working powers;
the PMT tube collects the detection light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears;
the detected light intensity values of the same light intensity gear correspond to the reference light intensity values one by one to form light intensity data comprising two groups of light intensity values, and the light intensity data of a plurality of light intensity gears are subjected to curve fitting to obtain a calibration function of the detected light intensity values and the reference light intensity values;
and substituting the actual light intensity value detected by the PMT tube into the calibration function to obtain the calibrated light intensity value of the PMT tube.
Preferably, the preset threshold is 3% -5%.
Preferably, the light source emits light with a predetermined power, and the PMT tube further includes, before collecting the illumination light emitted from the light source:
before the PMT tube leaves a factory for use, a light source works at preset power to emit light, the initial light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube is prestored, after the PMT tube leaves the factory for use, the light source works at the preset power to emit light, and the actual light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube is recorded;
or the light source works at the preset power to emit light, and the initial light intensity of the light source collected by the photodiode and the actual light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube are recorded;
comparing the actual light intensity with the initial light intensity, and if the difference value of the actual light intensity and the initial light intensity is smaller than or equal to a preset deviation, the light source does not need to be calibrated; and if the difference value is greater than the preset deviation, calibrating the light source.
Preferably, the calibrating the light source includes: and controlling the working current or working voltage of the light source to change so that the difference is smaller than or equal to the preset deviation.
Preferably, the controlling the operating current or the operating voltage of the light source to vary further comprises: and when the working current of the light source reaches the upper limit of the current, or the working voltage of the light source reaches the upper limit of the voltage, and the difference value is greater than the preset deviation, sending a light source fault warning or sending a light source replacement warning.
Preferably, the obtaining process of the reference light intensity value includes:
before the PMT tube leaves a factory for use, the light source emits irradiation light with different light intensity gears under different working powers, and the PMT tube collects and prestores light intensity values of the irradiation light with different light intensity gears as the reference light intensity value;
preferably, the obtaining process of the reference light intensity value includes:
the light source emits irradiation light of different light intensity gears under different working powers, and the photodiode collects light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears as the reference light intensity value.
A calibration device for implementing the calibration method of the photon counting device according to any one of the above aspects, the calibration device comprising: the PMT comprises a PMT tube, a light source, a control device and a main body piece, wherein the PMT tube and the light source are connected with the control device;
the light source and the main body component form a PMT calibration cavity, the PMT tube and the main body component form a PMT detection cavity, and a second light hole is formed between the PMT calibration cavity and the PMT detection cavity, so that irradiation light emitted by the light source penetrates through the second light hole to irradiate the PMT tube;
the control device is used for acquiring and pre-storing the reference light intensity value, acquiring the detection light intensity value, comparing the reference light intensity value with the detection light intensity value, judging whether the detection light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, calculating the percentage of the difference between the detection light intensity value and the reference light intensity value, judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and calibrating the PMT tube when the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value.
Preferably, the PMT calibration device further comprises a photodiode arranged in the PMT calibration cavity, the photodiode is used for receiving the illumination light emitted by the light source, and the photodiode is connected with the control device;
the lateral part of PMT detection chamber is equipped with the chamber of awaiting measuring that is used for holding the part of waiting to detect, the chamber of awaiting measuring with it is equipped with first light trap to run through between the PMT detection chamber.
When the PMT tube is used to detect the concentration of the analyte, problems such as PMT tube failure or significant attenuation may occur, which may affect the accuracy of the detection result. Therefore, whether the PMT tube has an attenuation phenomenon or not and whether the attenuation phenomenon is serious to influence the use effect or not are judged by controlling the light source to emit light with preset power, collecting the detection light intensity value of the light source by the PMT tube and comparing the detection light intensity value of the PMT tube with the reference light intensity value.
When the detected light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is indicated, then, the percentage of the difference value between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value needs to be calculated, and whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value is judged. When the percentage is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is in a normal range, the detection result of the device cannot be greatly influenced, and the PMT tube does not need to be calibrated; if the percentage is greater than the preset threshold value, the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is serious, and the detection result of the device is greatly influenced, so that the PMT tube needs to be calibrated or replaced, and the detection effect of the PMT tube is accurate.
In summary, the calibration method of the photon counting device provided by the invention can effectively judge whether the PMT tube has the attenuation phenomenon in time and whether the attenuation phenomenon is serious, and can calibrate or replace the PMT tube when the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is serious, so as to effectively improve the detection effect of the photomultiplier tube.
In addition, the invention also provides a calibration device for implementing the calibration method of the photon counting device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a calibration method of a photon counting apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the calibration device provided in the present invention.
In fig. 1 and 2:
the device comprises a PMT tube 1, a photodiode 2, an LED lamp 3, a control device 4, a PMT front panel 41, a PMT photon counting panel 42, a main body part 5, a PMT calibration cavity 51, a PMT detection cavity 52, a first light hole 53, a second light hole 54, a cavity to be detected 55, a part to be detected 6 and a light source plate 7.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide a calibration method of a photon counting device, which can effectively judge whether the PMT tube has attenuation phenomenon or not in time and judge whether the attenuation phenomenon is serious or not, and can calibrate or replace the PMT tube when the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube is serious so as to effectively improve the detection effect of the photomultiplier tube. Another core of the present invention is to provide a calibration apparatus for implementing the calibration method of the above-described photon counting apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a calibration method of a photon counting apparatus according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the calibration device provided in the present invention.
The specific embodiment provides a calibration method of a photon counting device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the light source emits light with preset power, the PMT tube 1 collects the irradiation light emitted by the light source to obtain the detection light intensity value, if the detection light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, the percentage of the difference between the detection light intensity value and the reference light intensity value is calculated;
s2, judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, not calibrating the PMT tube 1; and if the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value, calibrating the PMT tube 1.
The photomultiplier tube (PMT tube 1) is a vacuum photoelectric device based on an external photoelectric effect, and a photocathode is exposed for a long time to cause a certain loss, which leads to a decrease in sensitivity. Once the photomultiplier tube fails or is obviously attenuated, the detection result is obviously abnormal, and misdiagnosis is caused, so that timely and effective detection and calibration of the photomultiplier tube are necessary.
Because the PMT tube 1 is attenuated after being used for a period of time, the detection signal of the PMT tube 1 is reduced; the higher the attenuation, the lower the detection signal of the PMT tube 1 under the same light intensity illumination conditions. In many external diagnostic optical detection apparatuses, a PMT tube 1 is used as an optical signal receiving device. If there is a deviation in the final detected light signal value due to the attenuation problem of the PMT tube 1, the accuracy of the final concentration of the biological index is directly affected, and the device can timely and effectively find the attenuation of the PMT tube 1 and correct the attenuation to ensure the accuracy of the detected light signal value.
When the PMT tube 1 is used to detect the concentration of an analyte, problems such as failure or significant attenuation of the PMT tube 1 may occur, which may affect the accuracy of the detection result. Therefore, whether the PMT tube 1 has an attenuation phenomenon or not and whether the attenuation phenomenon is serious to influence the use effect or not are judged by controlling the light source to emit light with preset power, collecting the detection light intensity value of the light source by the PMT tube 1 and comparing the detection light intensity value of the PMT tube 1 with the reference light intensity value.
When the detected light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube 1 is indicated, then, the percentage of the difference value between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value is required to be calculated, and whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value is judged. When the percentage is smaller than or equal to the preset threshold, the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube 1 is in a normal range, the detection result of the device cannot be greatly influenced, and the PMT tube 1 does not need to be calibrated; if the percentage is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube 1 is severe, which may cause a large impact on the detection result of the device, so that the PMT tube 1 needs to be calibrated or replaced to ensure the accurate detection effect of the PMT tube 1.
In summary, the calibration method of the photon counting device provided by the invention can effectively judge whether the PMT tube 1 has the attenuation phenomenon in time and whether the attenuation phenomenon is serious, and can calibrate or replace the PMT tube 1 when the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube 1 is serious, so as to effectively improve the detection effect of the photomultiplier.
On the basis of the above embodiment, it is preferable that the PMT tube 1 is calibrated, including:
the light source emits irradiation light with different light intensity gears under different working powers;
the PMT tube 1 collects the detection light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears;
the method comprises the steps that detected light intensity values of the same light intensity gear correspond to reference light intensity values one to form light intensity data comprising two groups of light intensity values, and curve fitting is carried out on the light intensity data of a plurality of light intensity gears to obtain a calibration function of the detected light intensity values and the reference light intensity values;
and substituting the actual light intensity value detected by the PMT tube 1 into the calibration function to obtain the calibrated light intensity value of the PMT tube 1.
It should be noted that, in step S1, it can be determined whether the PMT tube 1 has an attenuation phenomenon, that is, if the detected light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, it indicates that the PMT tube 1 has the attenuation phenomenon, and if the detected light intensity value is equal to the reference light intensity value, it indicates that the PMT tube 1 does not have the attenuation phenomenon; through step S2, it can be determined whether the PMT tube 1 needs to be calibrated, that is, if the percentage of the difference between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value is greater than the preset threshold, it indicates that the PMT tube 1 needs to be calibrated.
It should be further noted that the calibration process of the PMT tube 1 is as follows:
before POCT detection (Point-Of-Care-Testing), the in-vitro diagnosis optical detection instrument can automatically perform a calibration process. That is, the light source emits the illuminating light of a plurality of different light intensity gears under a plurality of different working powers; PMT pipe 1 gathers the detection light intensity value of the illumination light of different light intensity gears to the detection light intensity value that PMT pipe 1 gathered under the same gear corresponds with the benchmark light intensity value one-to-one that PMT pipe 1 prestores, forms the light intensity data that contains two groups of light intensity values.
Therefore, in a plurality of different gears, a plurality of pairs of light intensity data (each pair of light intensity data comprises a detected light intensity value and a reference light intensity value) are provided, and a calibration function, such as a linear function, having a functional relationship between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value can be obtained by performing curve fitting on the light intensity data in the plurality of gears. After the calibration function is determined, the in-vitro diagnostic optical detection instrument enters a detection process, and the light intensity signal in the POCT optical detection item collected by the PMT tube 1 can be substituted into the calibration function to obtain the calibrated light intensity signal. And finally, taking the calibrated light intensity signal as a calculation basis for calculating the concentration in the POCT detection item.
The above process can be automatically completed by an in vitro diagnosis optical detection instrument, that is, the instrument can automatically enter a calibration process when the instrument is started for use next time after the instrument leaves a factory, for example, every full 6 months or every 10000 times of detection is completed after the instrument leaves a factory, according to parameters such as time nodes or detection times after the instrument leaves a factory. The whole calibration process of the PMT tube 1 can be completed within a few seconds, and the detection of the POCT project by a user is not influenced. The first light intensity value collected by the PMT tube 1 is corrected by the calibration function determined in the previous time, before the next calibration process is performed. After each calibration, the calibration function is updated to a new calibration function determined in the current calibration process until the next calibration.
Preferably, the preset threshold is 3% -5%. That is, the preset threshold may be set according to the conditions such as the performance of the PMT tube 1 and the POCT test items, or the operation experience, and in most cases, the preset threshold may be set to 3% or 5%.
Preferably, the light source emits light with a predetermined power, and the PMT tube 1 further includes, before collecting the illumination light emitted from the light source:
before the PMT tube 1 leaves a factory for use, the light source works at a preset power to emit light, the initial light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube 1 is prestored, after the PMT tube 1 leaves the factory for use, the light source works at the preset power to emit light, and the actual light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube 1 is recorded;
or the light source works at a preset power to emit light, and the initial light intensity of the light source collected by the photodiode 2 and the actual light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube 1 are recorded;
comparing the actual light intensity with the initial light intensity, and if the difference value of the actual light intensity and the initial light intensity is less than or equal to the preset deviation, the light source does not need to be calibrated; and if the difference value is greater than the preset deviation, calibrating the light source.
It should be noted that, the light source generally adopts the LED lamp 3 as the irradiation light source, and the light source itself has an attenuation phenomenon under different working conditions (uncontrollable or sudden influence factors such as ambient temperature and power supply) and different working durations, so that the light intensity of the emitted irradiation light changes (the light intensity may become larger or smaller, that is, the light source intensity has a deviation) under the same working power of the light source. Because in the actual POCT detection process, the working power of the light source is usually kept at a fixed value, if the light intensity emitted by the light source has deviation, the POCT detection project is affected in accuracy, and therefore the light source needs to be calibrated, and the light intensity value acquired by the PMT tube 1 is ensured to be kept accurate.
It should be further noted that the fact that the actual light intensity is not equal to the initial light intensity includes the fact that when there is a small deviation between the actual light intensity and the initial light intensity and the deviation value is within the acceptable deviation range, the actual light intensity is regarded as equal to the initial light intensity, and the light source does not need to be calibrated. Therefore, the difference value between the actual light intensity and the initial light intensity and the preset deviation can be judged firstly, and if the difference value between the actual light intensity and the initial light intensity is smaller than or equal to the preset deviation, the light source does not need to be calibrated; and if the difference value is larger than the preset deviation, calibrating the light source.
On the basis of the above embodiment, it is preferable that the calibration of the light source includes: and controlling the working current or working voltage of the light source to change so that the difference is less than or equal to the preset deviation. When the light source needs to be calibrated, the working power of the light source can be improved by controlling the working current of the light source to be increased, so that the light intensity of the irradiating light emitted by the light source is improved from the attenuation state to the initial light intensity.
Preferably, the controlling the operating current or the operating voltage of the light source to vary further comprises: and when the working current of the light source reaches the upper limit of the current or the working voltage of the light source reaches the upper limit of the voltage and the difference value is greater than the preset deviation, sending out a light source fault warning or sending out a light source replacement warning. That is, when the working current or working voltage of the light source reaches the corresponding upper limit and the actual light intensity is not equal to the initial light intensity (or the difference is greater than the preset deviation), a light source failure warning or a light source replacement warning can be sent out, and the light source calibration operation is stopped at the same time, so as to ensure the safety of the instrument and the use.
On the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, the obtaining process of the reference light intensity value includes:
before the PMT tube 1 leaves factory and uses, the light source sends the illumination light of different light intensity gears under different operating power, and PMT tube 1 gathers and prestores the light intensity value of the illumination light of different light intensity gears as the benchmark light intensity value.
Preferably, the obtaining process of the reference light intensity value includes:
the light source emits irradiation light of different light intensity gears under different working powers, and the photodiode 2 collects light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears as reference light intensity values.
It should be noted that, in the calibration process of the PMT tube 1, in addition to calibrating the PMT tube 1 using the light intensity collected by the photodiode 2 as the reference light intensity, the calibration operation may be performed instead using a light intensity value pre-stored before the instrument leaves the factory as the reference light intensity. Specifically, before the instrument leaves the factory for use, the light source emits irradiation light of different light intensity gears under different working powers, and the PMT tube 1 collects and prestores light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears as reference light intensity values. The PMT tube 1 does not have the attenuation problem at this moment to utilize PMT tube 1 to gather the light intensity value of a plurality of different gears shining light this moment, prestore in the instrument as benchmark light intensity value. Then, in the process of judging whether the attenuation phenomenon of the PMT tube 1 is performed, whether the PMT tube needs to be calibrated or not and calibrating, corresponding light intensity values are selected from pre-stored reference light intensity values according to gears, and the detected light intensity values are calibrated by utilizing the reference light intensity values.
In addition to the calibration method of a photon counting apparatus described above, the present invention also provides a calibration apparatus for implementing the calibration method of a photon counting apparatus according to any one of the above, the calibration apparatus comprising: the PMT comprises a PMT tube 1, a light source, a control device 4 and a main body part 5, wherein the PMT tube 1 and the light source are connected with the control device;
the light source and the main body component 5 form a PMT calibration cavity 51, the PMT tube 1 and the main body component 5 form a PMT detection cavity 52, and a second light hole 54 is arranged between the PMT calibration cavity 51 and the PMT detection cavity 52, so that illumination light emitted by the light source is irradiated to the PMT tube 1 through the second light hole 54;
the control device 4 is used for acquiring and pre-storing a reference light intensity value, for acquiring a detected light intensity value, for comparing the reference light intensity value and the detected light intensity value, for judging whether the detected light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, for calculating the percentage of the difference between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value, for judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and for calibrating the PMT tube 1 when the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value. For the structure of other parts of the calibration device, please refer to the prior art, and the description is omitted here.
Preferably, the device further comprises a photodiode 2 arranged in the PMT calibration cavity 51, the photodiode 2 is used for receiving the irradiation light emitted by the light source, and the photodiode 2 is connected with the control device; the lateral part of the PMT detection cavity 52 is provided with a cavity to be tested 55 for accommodating the component 6 to be tested, and a first light hole 53 penetrates between the cavity to be tested 55 and the PMT detection cavity 52.
It should be noted that the control device 4 may include a PMT front panel 41 and a PMT photon counting panel 42, where the PMT front panel 41 includes a high voltage power supply and an analog amplification circuit, and the PMT photon counting panel 42 includes a discriminator circuit, a pulse shaping circuit, and a photon counting circuit. The light source can be set as an LED lamp 3, the LED lamp 3 and the photodiode 2 are both arranged on the light source plate 7, the PMT tube 1 is electrically connected with the PMT front panel 41, and the light source plate 7 and the PMT front panel 41 are both electrically connected with the PMT photon counting plate 42;
the light source plate 7 and the main body 5 form a PMT calibration cavity 51, the PMT tube 1 and the main body 5 form a PMT detection cavity 52, the side of the PMT detection cavity 52 is provided with a cavity 55 to be tested for accommodating the component 6 to be tested, a first light hole 53 is arranged between the cavity 55 to be tested and the PMT detection cavity 52 in a penetrating manner, a second light hole 54 is arranged between the bottom of the PMT calibration cavity 51 and the top of the PMT detection cavity 52 in a penetrating manner, the LED lamp 3 and the photodiode 2 are both arranged towards the second light hole 54, and the structure is shown in FIG. 2.
It should be noted that the light source plate 7 and the PMT front panel 41 may be electrically connected to the PMT photon counting plate 42 by a flat cable. LED lamp 3 and photodiode 2 all locate on light source board 7, and LED lamp 3 and photodiode 2 all set up towards second light trap 54, and wherein, LED lamp 3 slightly deviates from second light trap 54 and sets up, and the deviation distance depends on the size of second light trap 54, and the aperture of second light trap 54 is big more, and then required deviation distance is big more to avoid too much light to get into PMT detection chamber 52, lead to PMT pipe 1 because of the received light intensity is too big and saturation.
It should be further noted that, when the POCT in-vitro diagnosis test item is tested, light generated by the component 6 to be tested enters the PMT tube 1 through the first light hole 53, a light intensity signal is collected by the PMT tube 1, specifically, photons are converted into electronic pulses by the PMT tube 1, signal amplification is performed through a front panel of the PMT, current signals are converted into voltage pulses, the voltage pulses are converted into signals of 0 and 1 by the PMT photon counting panel 42, photon counting is realized, and finally, the concentration level of the test item is calculated by the instrument based on the photon counting.
Wherein, the calibrating the PMT tube 1 includes:
the PMT photon counting plate 42 controls the LED lamp 3 to emit irradiation light with different light intensity gears;
the photodiode 2 and the PMT tube 1 respectively collect irradiation light of different light intensity gears, and obtain respective light intensity values through a PMT front panel 41 and a PMT photon counting panel 42;
the method comprises the steps that a first light intensity value acquired by a PMT (photomultiplier tube) tube 1 under the same light intensity gear corresponds to a second light intensity value acquired by a photodiode 2 one by one to form light intensity data comprising two light intensity values, and curve fitting is carried out on the data of irradiated light of a plurality of light intensity gears to obtain a calibration function of the first light intensity value and the second light intensity value;
and substituting the first light intensity value acquired by the PMT tube 1 into the calibration function to obtain the calibrated light intensity value of the PMT tube 1.
It should be further noted that, during the calibration process of the PMT tube 1, the LED lamp 3 is turned on, and a part of the emitted illumination light enters the PMT detection cavity 52 through the second light-transmitting hole 54, enters the lower surface of the PMT detection cavity 52, and is reflected by the surface diffuse reflection to be received by the PMT tube 1; another part of the light emitted from the LED lamp 3 may be incident into the PMT calibration cavity 51, and is diffusely reflected by the lower surface, and a part of the light is received by the photodiode 2, and the irradiation path of the light is shown by the arrow in fig. 2.
Since the diffuse reflectance is determined, the ratio of the first light intensity value incident to the PMT tube 1 and the second light intensity value incident to the photodiode 2 is constant. The second light intensity value received by the photodiode 2 is used as a reference to ensure that the light intensity of the irradiating light emitted by the LED lamp 3 is a constant value, so that the first light intensity value incident to the PMT tube 1 is constant, and whether the PMT tube 1 is attenuated or invalid is judged by comparing the difference between the light intensity value collected by the PMT tube 1 before delivery and the light intensity value collected by the PMT tube 1 after delivery. If the PMT tube 1 has attenuation phenomenon, and the calibration is needed, the PMT photon counting plate 42 can control the output light intensity of the LED lamp 3, and the attenuation calibration function of the PMT tube 1 is fitted through a plurality of light intensity gears of high, medium and low.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. Any combination of all embodiments provided by the present invention is within the scope of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
The calibration method and calibration device for the photon counting device provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of calibrating a photon counting device, comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that a light source emits light with preset power, a PMT tube (1) collects irradiating light emitted by the light source to obtain a detected light intensity value, and if the detected light intensity value is smaller than a reference light intensity value, the percentage of the difference between the detected light intensity value and the reference light intensity value is calculated;
judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, if so, not calibrating the PMT tube (1); and if the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value, calibrating the PMT tube (1).
2. The method of calibrating a photon counting device according to claim 1, wherein said calibrating the PMT tube (1) comprises:
the light source emits irradiation light with different light intensity gears under different working powers;
the PMT tube (1) collects the detection light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears;
the detected light intensity values of the same light intensity gear correspond to the reference light intensity values one by one to form light intensity data comprising two groups of light intensity values, and the light intensity data of a plurality of light intensity gears are subjected to curve fitting to obtain a calibration function of the detected light intensity values and the reference light intensity values;
and substituting the actual light intensity value detected by the PMT tube (1) into the calibration function to obtain the calibrated light intensity value of the PMT tube (1).
3. The method of calibrating a photon counting device according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined threshold value is 3% -5%.
4. The calibration method of the photon counting device according to claim 1, wherein the light source emits light with a predetermined power, and the PMT tube (1) further comprises, before collecting the illumination light emitted from the light source:
before the PMT tube (1) leaves a factory for use, a light source works at a preset power to emit light, the initial light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube (1) is prestored, after the PMT tube (1) leaves the factory for use, the light source works at the preset power to emit light, and the actual light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube (1) is recorded;
or the light source works at the preset power to emit light, and the initial light intensity of the light source collected by the photodiode (2) and the actual light intensity of the light source collected by the PMT tube (1) are recorded;
comparing the actual light intensity with the initial light intensity, and if the difference value of the actual light intensity and the initial light intensity is smaller than or equal to a preset deviation, the light source does not need to be calibrated; and if the difference value is greater than the preset deviation, calibrating the light source.
5. The method of calibrating a photon counting device according to claim 4, wherein said calibrating the light source comprises: and controlling the working current or working voltage of the light source to change so that the difference is smaller than or equal to the preset deviation.
6. The method of calibrating a photon counting device according to claim 5, wherein the controlling the variation of the operating current or the operating voltage of the light source further comprises: and when the working current of the light source reaches the upper limit of the current, or the working voltage of the light source reaches the upper limit of the voltage, and the difference value is greater than the preset deviation, sending a light source fault warning or sending a light source replacement warning.
7. The method for calibrating a photon counting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the obtaining of the reference light intensity value comprises:
before the PMT tube (1) leaves factory and is used, the light source emits irradiation light with different light intensity gears under different working powers, and the PMT tube (1) collects and prestores light intensity values of the irradiation light with different light intensity gears as the reference light intensity value.
8. The method for calibrating a photon counting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the obtaining of the reference light intensity value comprises:
the light source emits irradiation light of different light intensity gears under different working powers, and the photodiode (2) collects light intensity values of the irradiation light of different light intensity gears to serve as the reference light intensity value.
9. A calibration device for implementing a calibration method for a photon counting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the calibration device comprising: the PMT comprises a PMT tube (1), a light source, a control device (4) and a main body piece (5), wherein the PMT tube (1) and the light source are both connected with the control device;
the light source and the main body part (5) form a PMT calibration cavity (51), the PMT tube (1) and the main body part (5) form a PMT detection cavity (52), and a second light hole (54) is formed between the PMT calibration cavity (51) and the PMT detection cavity (52) so that illumination light emitted by the light source can be irradiated to the PMT tube (1) through the second light hole (54);
the control device (4) is used for acquiring and prestoring the reference light intensity value, acquiring the detection light intensity value, comparing the reference light intensity value with the detection light intensity value, judging whether the detection light intensity value is smaller than the reference light intensity value, calculating the percentage of the difference between the detection light intensity value and the reference light intensity value, judging whether the percentage is smaller than a preset threshold value, and calibrating the PMT tube (1) when the percentage is larger than the preset threshold value.
10. The calibration device according to claim 9, further comprising a photodiode (2) disposed within the PMT calibration chamber (51), the photodiode (2) configured to receive illumination light from a light source, the photodiode (2) coupled to the control device;
the side part of the PMT detection cavity (52) is provided with a cavity to be detected (55) for accommodating a part to be detected (6), and a first light hole (53) penetrates between the cavity to be detected (55) and the PMT detection cavity (52).
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| CN117929389A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-04-26 | 湖南承运机电有限公司 | Automatic detection system and method for attachment of foam on upper cover of charger |
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