CN114812306A - Electronic detonator system and method of use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic detonator system and a using method thereof.A detonator is connected with a rectifier bridge and an electronic detonator chip; the fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C1; the fifth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C2 and one end of the ignition powder head YT; the sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with the grid of the field effect tube Q1; the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded; the other end of the ignition explosive head YT is connected with the drain electrode of a field effect tube Q1; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is grounded; the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are completely isolated; the electronic detonator chip comprises an isolation diode, a first current-limiting resistor, a power supply module, a charging switch, a second current-limiting circuit and digital circuit logic; the charging switch is a field effect transistor Q2. The invention improves the safety of the electronic detonator and also greatly reduces the cost of the electronic detonator used in a low-temperature environment.

Description

Electronic detonator system and method of use thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of blasting equipment, in particular to an electronic detonator system and a using method thereof, and particularly relates to an electronic detonator combining a ceramic capacitor and a tantalum capacitor, which is suitable for low-temperature application.

Background

Most of existing electronic detonators adopt two small-capacity tantalum capacitors or one large-capacity tantalum capacitor as an energy storage capacitor, the energy of the capacitor needs to meet the requirements of delay and detonation in a low-temperature environment, and therefore the electronic detonators are high in cost and low in safety. If two small-capacity tantalum capacitors are adopted, the voltage of the first tantalum capacitor is far higher than that of the second tantalum capacitor, and the higher the voltage of the tantalum capacitor is, the higher the manufacturing difficulty and the higher the cost are; if a single large-capacity tantalum capacitor is adopted, the capacitor needs to supply power to the chip after the detonator chip enters the detonation delay countdown and needs to ignite the detonating powder head finally, so that the communication capacitor and the ignition cannot be completely isolated, a power supply path is inevitably arranged between the communication capacitor and the ignition capacitor, and the safety is not high.

The patent document with publication number CN104296608A discloses an electronic detonator initiation system and method, the system includes at least one initiator, at least one register and an electronic detonator network, wherein the initiator is used for receiving blasting design parameters, testing the blasting system, and implementing delay revision, fault detection, charging (discharging) and initiation operations of the electronic detonator network; the register is used for reading and writing information of each electronic detonator, and guiding the information of the electronic detonator into the initiator to complete the registration of the detonator in the initiator; and the electronic detonator network receives the instruction of the detonator to realize detonation. However, the patent document still has the defects of high cost and low safety.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic detonator system.

The electronic detonator system comprises an initiator, an electronic detonator module and an ignition powder head YT, wherein the electronic detonator module comprises a rectifier bridge, a field effect tube Q1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and an electronic detonator chip;

the first connecting end of the initiator is respectively connected with the first connecting end of the rectifier bridge and the first connecting end of the electronic detonator chip; the second connecting end of the initiator is respectively connected with the second connecting end of the rectifier bridge and the second connecting end of the electronic detonator chip;

the third connecting end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the third connecting end of the electronic detonator chip; the fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with one end of the capacitor C1; the fifth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C2 and one end of the ignition explosive head YT; the sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q1;

the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded; the other end of the ignition explosive head YT is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q1; the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is grounded.

The capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are completely isolated; the electronic detonator chip comprises an isolation diode, a first current-limiting resistor, a power supply module, a charging switch, a second current-limiting circuit and digital circuit logic; the charging switch is a field effect transistor Q2;

the anode of the isolation diode is used as a third connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, and the cathode of the isolation diode is connected with one end of the first current-limiting resistor; the other end of the first current-limiting resistor is respectively connected with the power supply module and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 and is used as a fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip;

the grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the first connection end of the digital circuit logic, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with one end of the second current limiting resistor, and the other end of the second current limiting resistor is used as the fifth connection end of the electronic detonator chip;

and the second connecting end of the digital circuit logic is used as a sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip.

Preferably, the capacitor C1 is a high withstand voltage ceramic capacitor.

Preferably, the capacitor C2 is a low-voltage tantalum capacitor.

Preferably, the initiator is a hand-held controller.

Preferably, the rectifier bridge is a diode array.

Preferably, the field effect transistor Q1 is a controllable conducting switch diode.

Preferably, the ignition powder head YT is a resistance wire with the diameter of 20um and the resistance value of 5.5 omega.

The embodiment also provides a use method of the electronic detonator system, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: connecting the initiator and the electronic detonator module through two buses;

step 2: starting the initiator, providing low-voltage communication voltage to the rectifier bridge through two buses, outputting power supply voltage to the electronic detonator chip after the rectifier bridge is rectified, and starting the electronic detonator chip to complete initialization and enter a standby instruction receiving state;

and step 3: communicating with the electronic detonator module through the command sent by the exploder, confirming whether the state of the electronic detonator module is normal or not, if so, completing preparation work before explosion, and if not, stopping explosion;

and 4, step 4: sending a charging instruction through the initiator, raising the voltage of the two buses to a high-voltage charging voltage, raising the voltage of the capacitor C1, and charging the capacitor C2 through the electronic detonator chip to complete charging of the capacitor C2;

and 5: after the capacitor C2 is charged, the detonation instruction is sent by the detonator, and the two buses are disconnected after the detonation instruction is sent;

step 6: receiving a detonation instruction through the electronic detonator chip, counting down the delay time of the electronic detonator chip, and reversely supplying power to the electronic detonator chip through the capacitor C1;

and 7: after the countdown of the delay time is finished, the field effect tube Q1 is turned on through the electronic detonator chip, so that the capacitor C2 instantly releases large current, the ignition powder head YT is heated, and the detonation is finished.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the communication capacitor and the ignition capacitor are completely isolated, the high-voltage ceramic capacitor is used for communication, and the proper small-capacity tantalum capacitor is used for ignition, so that the design of an electronic detonator module is simplified;

2. the communication capacitor and the ignition capacitor are completely isolated, so that the safety of the electronic detonator is improved, and the cost of the electronic detonator used in a low-temperature environment is greatly reduced;

3. the invention completely meets the application requirements in low-temperature environment, greatly improves the safety of the electronic detonator, and greatly reduces the cost of the electronic detonator.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the electronic detonator system of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the electronic detonator chip of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an electronic detonator system, which includes an initiator, an electronic detonator module and an ignition powder head YT, wherein the electronic detonator module includes a rectifier bridge, a field effect transistor Q1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and an electronic detonator chip. The first connecting end of the initiator is respectively connected with the first connecting end of the rectifier bridge and the first connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, the second connecting end of the initiator is respectively connected with the second connecting end of the rectifier bridge and the second connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, and the third connecting end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the third connecting end of the electronic detonator chip; the fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C1; the fifth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C2 and one end of an ignition powder head YT, the sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with the grid electrode of a field effect tube Q1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the ignition explosive head YT is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q1, and the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is grounded. As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the first connection end of the initiator is an a bus, and the second connection end of the initiator is a B bus.

The capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are completely isolated, the electronic detonator chip comprises an isolation diode, a first current-limiting resistor, a power module, a charging switch, a second current-limiting circuit and digital circuit logic, the charging switch is a field effect transistor Q2, the anode of the isolation diode is used as a third connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, the cathode of the isolation diode is connected with one end of the first current-limiting resistor, the other end of the first current-limiting resistor is respectively connected with the power module and the drain electrodes of the field effect transistor Q2 and is used as a fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, the grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with a first connecting end of the digital circuit logic, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with one end of the second current-limiting resistor, the other end of the second current-limiting resistor is used as a fifth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, and the second connecting end of the digital circuit logic is used as a sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip.

The capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are completely isolated from the second current-limiting resistor through a charging switch, the charging switch is disconnected no matter the chip performs normal communication or the explosive head is detonated and detonated finally, and the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are completely isolated; the charging switch is closed only when the capacitor C2 is charged, at the moment, the input power supply of the chip simultaneously charges the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2, the charging switch is also opened immediately after the capacitor C2 is fully charged, the capacitor C1 is mainly used for chip communication, the capacitor C2 is mainly used for heating an ignition resistor to ignite the explosive head, and the capacitor C2 and the explosive head are completely isolated from each other in function and circuit.

The capacitor C1 is a high-voltage-resistant ceramic capacitor, the capacitor C2 is a low-voltage tantalum capacitor, the initiator is a handheld controller, the rectifier bridge is a diode array, the field-effect tube Q1 is a controllable conduction switch diode, and the ignition explosive head YT is a resistance wire with the diameter of 20um and the resistance value of 5.5 omega.

The embodiment also provides a use method based on the electronic detonator system, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: connecting the detonator with the electronic detonator module through two buses;

step 2: starting the initiator, providing low-voltage communication voltage to the rectifier bridge through two buses, outputting power supply voltage to the electronic detonator chip after the rectifier bridge is rectified, and starting the electronic detonator chip to complete initialization and enter a standby instruction receiving state;

and 3, step 3: communicating with the electronic detonator module through the command sent by the exploder, confirming whether the state of the electronic detonator module is normal or not, if so, completing preparation work before explosion, and if not, stopping explosion;

and 4, step 4: sending a charging instruction through the initiator, raising the voltage of the two buses to a high-voltage charging voltage, raising the voltage of the capacitor C1, and charging the capacitor C2 through the electronic detonator chip to complete charging of the capacitor C2;

and 5: after the capacitor C2 is charged, the detonation instruction is sent by the detonator, and the two buses are disconnected after the detonation instruction is sent;

step 6: receiving a detonation instruction through the electronic detonator chip, counting down the delay time of the electronic detonator chip, and reversely supplying power to the electronic detonator chip through the capacitor C1;

and 7: after the countdown of the delay time is finished, the field effect tube Q1 is turned on through the electronic detonator chip, so that the capacitor C2 instantly releases large current, the ignition explosive head YT is heated, and the detonation is finished.

The detonator is a handheld controller and mainly completes external power supply and communication of the detonator. The rectifier bridge is a diode array and mainly completes the conversion from an alternating current signal to a direct current signal. The field effect transistor Q1 (i.e. ignition MOS) is a controllable conducting switching diode, and mainly completes the control of the short circuit of the capacitor C2 (i.e. ignition tantalum capacitor) to the ground. The capacitor C1 (i.e. communication ceramic capacitor) is a high-voltage-resistant ceramic capacitor and mainly completes the power supply of the electronic detonator chip during short power-off and delay, such as 22 uF/35V. The capacitor C2 (i.e. ignition tantalum capacitor) is a low-voltage tantalum capacitor, and mainly completes charging energy storage and discharging to the ignition tip YT, for example, 33 uF/16V. The ignition powder head YT is a low-resistance small-diameter resistance wire wrapped by combustion-supporting chemical agents, and mainly used for igniting the agents when large current passes through the resistance wire, such as resistance wires of 20um and 5.5 omega. The electronic detonator chip is a special integrated chip with low power consumption, and the electronic detonator chip finishes roll calling, charging, delay control and detonation of the electronic detonator mainly by identifying instructions of two buses.

The detonator, the rectifier bridge and the electronic detonator chip are as follows: when the detonator is communicated with the electronic detonator chip, the bus A and the bus B are differential signals, the rectifier bridge rectifies the differential signals of the two buses into direct-current voltage signals to be used as power supply input of the electronic detonator chip, and meanwhile, the bus A and the bus B are directly connected with the electronic detonator chip to be used as communication signal lines.

Electronic detonator chip, capacitance C1 (i.e. communication ceramic capacitance): the capacitor C1 is charged in the positive direction, the power voltage output by the rectifier bridge charges the capacitor C1 through two isolation diodes in the electronic detonator chip, and the voltage on the capacitor C1 is only four diode drop voltages less than the voltage of the bus A and the bus B of the electronic detonator module forever; the capacitor C1 supplies power reversely, when the bus A and the bus B are disconnected, the rectifier bridge does not output power supply voltage to the electronic detonator chip, and the capacitor C1 delays the reverse power supply to the electronic detonator chip to ensure the electronic detonator chip to continue working. The power consumption of the electronic detonator chip is low and constant, and even if the ESR of the capacitor C1 becomes high in a low-temperature environment, the normal work of the electronic detonator chip is not affected. Therefore, the capacitor C1 does not need to be a tantalum capacitor, the ceramic capacitor with good low-temperature characteristic can meet the requirement, and the withstand voltage of the ceramic capacitor can be very high under the same volume and cost.

Electronic detonator chip, C2 (i.e. ignition tantalum capacitance): the capacitor C2 is charged, and when the capacitor C2 is charged by the electronic detonator chip, a voltage stabilizing circuit is arranged in the electronic detonator chip to ensure that the voltage on the capacitor C2 is stable and safe; the capacitor C2 is fully charged, the electronic detonator chip does not charge the capacitor C2 any more, and meanwhile, an isolation diode is arranged in the electronic detonator chip to prevent the fully charged capacitor C2 from leaking electricity to other circuits in the electronic detonator chip; the capacitor C2 can instantly release large current to ignite the ignition charge in a low-temperature environment, namely the ESR of the capacitor C2 is small in the low-temperature environment, so that the capacitor C2 can only select tantalum capacitors; the cost of the tantalum capacitor is relatively high, and if the high-capacitance value and the high-voltage resistance are selected, the cost is multiplied.

Electronic detonator chip, capacitor C1 (i.e. communication ceramic capacitor), capacitor C2 (i.e. ignition tantalum capacitor): the capacitor C1 is completely isolated from the operation of the capacitor C2 on the electronic detonator chip, so that when the capacitor C1 is charged with high voltage to obtain more energy, the safety of the capacitor C2 is not affected.

Electronic detonator chip, field effect transistor Q1 (i.e. ignition MOS), electric capacity C2 (i.e. ignition tantalum electric capacity), ignition explosive head YT: the electronic detonator chip controls the cut-off and the conduction of the field effect tube Q1 through an ignition control signal wire, the field effect tube Q1 is conducted only at the moment of detonation, the field effect tube Q1 is cut off at other times, the field effect tube Q1 is conducted, and the capacitor C2 discharges to the ground through the ignition powder head YT at the moment.

The working principle is as follows:

according to the design, the low-voltage communication voltage is VL, the high-voltage charging voltage is VH, and the charging voltage is Vcharge. The initiator is connected with the electronic detonator module through an A, B bus; the initiator is started, VL is supplied to the detonator through an A, B bus, power supply voltage is output to an electronic detonator chip after rectification of a rectifier bridge, the electronic detonator chip is started to complete initialization, and the electronic detonator chip enters a standby instruction receiving state; the initiator sends an instruction to communicate with the electronic detonator module, the electronic detonator is confirmed to be normal, and preparation work before initiation is completed, for example: roll calling, verifying a detonation password, setting delay time and the like; if short-term power failure occurs in the communication process, the C1 supplies power to the electronic detonator chip in the reverse direction to prevent the electronic detonator chip from resetting; when the preparation work before the detonation is finished, the detonator sends a charging command, and meanwhile A, B bus voltage is increased to VH, and the voltage on the C1 capacitor is increased along with the VH. The electronic detonator chip starts to charge the C2, 10S is waited, and C2 charging is completed; c2, after charging, the detonator sends a detonation instruction and simultaneously disconnects the bus; and when receiving the detonation instruction, the electronic detonator chip starts to count down the delay time. Meanwhile, the C1 reversely supplies power to the electronic detonator chip; and after the delay timing is finished, the electronic detonator chip is switched on to Q1, the C2 instantly releases large current, and the YT is heated and detonated.

The invention improves the safety of the electronic detonator and greatly reduces the cost of the electronic detonator used in a low-temperature environment by completely isolating the communication capacitor from the ignition capacitor.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims (8)

1. An electronic detonator system is characterized by comprising an initiator, an electronic detonator module and an ignition powder head YT, wherein the electronic detonator module comprises a rectifier bridge, a field effect tube Q1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and an electronic detonator chip;

the first connecting end of the initiator is respectively connected with the first connecting end of the rectifier bridge and the first connecting end of the electronic detonator chip; the second connecting end of the initiator is respectively connected with the second connecting end of the rectifier bridge and the second connecting end of the electronic detonator chip;

the third connecting end of the rectifier bridge is connected with the third connecting end of the electronic detonator chip; the fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with one end of the capacitor C1; the fifth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C2 and one end of the ignition explosive head YT; the sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q1;

the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded; the other end of the ignition explosive head YT is connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q1; the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q1 is grounded;

the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are completely isolated; the electronic detonator chip comprises an isolation diode, a first current-limiting resistor, a power supply module, a charging switch, a second current-limiting circuit and digital circuit logic; the charging switch is a field effect transistor Q2;

the anode of the isolation diode is used as a third connecting end of the electronic detonator chip, and the cathode of the isolation diode is connected with one end of the first current-limiting resistor; the other end of the first current-limiting resistor is respectively connected with the power supply module and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 and is used as a fourth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip;

the grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the first connection end of the digital circuit logic, the source electrode of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with one end of the second current-limiting resistor, and the other end of the second current-limiting resistor is used as the fifth connection end of the electronic detonator chip;

and the second connecting end of the digital circuit logic is used as a sixth connecting end of the electronic detonator chip.

2. The electronic detonator system of claim 1 wherein the capacitor C1 is a high withstand voltage ceramic capacitor.

3. The electronic detonator system of claim 1 wherein the capacitor C2 is a low voltage tantalum capacitor.

4. The electronic detonator system of claim 1 wherein the initiator is a hand-held controller.

5. The electronic detonator system of claim 1 wherein the rectifier bridge is a diode array.

6. The electronic detonator system of claim 1 wherein the field effect transistor Q1 is a controllably conductive switching diode.

7. The electronic detonator system of claim 1 wherein the ignition charge YT is a resistance wire with a diameter of 20um and a resistance value of 5.5 Ω.

8. Use of an electronic detonator system according to any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

step 1: connecting the initiator and the electronic detonator module through two buses;

step 2: starting the initiator, providing low-voltage communication voltage to the rectifier bridge through two buses, outputting power supply voltage to the electronic detonator chip after the rectifier bridge is rectified, and starting the electronic detonator chip to complete initialization and enter a standby instruction receiving state;

and step 3: communicating with the electronic detonator module through the command sent by the exploder, confirming whether the state of the electronic detonator module is normal or not, if so, completing preparation work before explosion, and if not, stopping explosion;

and 4, step 4: sending a charging instruction through the initiator, raising the voltage of the two buses to a high-voltage charging voltage, raising the voltage of the capacitor C1, and charging the capacitor C2 through the electronic detonator chip to complete charging of the capacitor C2;

and 5: after the capacitor C2 is charged, the detonation instruction is sent by the detonator, and the two buses are disconnected after the detonation instruction is sent;

step 6: receiving a detonation instruction through the electronic detonator chip, counting down the delay time of the electronic detonator chip, and reversely supplying power to the electronic detonator chip through the capacitor C1;

and 7: after the countdown of the delay time is finished, the field effect tube Q1 is turned on through the electronic detonator chip, so that the capacitor C2 instantly releases large current, the ignition explosive head YT is heated, and the detonation is finished.

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