CN115046440B - System and method for improving detonation safety of electronic detonator - Google Patents
System and method for improving detonation safety of electronic detonator Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBGOCSKFMWMTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium picrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O RBGOCSKFMWMTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
- F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
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Abstract
The application provides a system and a method for improving the detonation safety of an electronic detonator, comprising an exploder and the electronic detonator; the exploder is connected with the electronic detonator through an AB two bus; the electronic detonator internally supports multi-stage charging gears, and the initiator designates corresponding gears when issuing a charging instruction to the electronic detonator; meanwhile, a delay value and a mapping table of charging gears are stored in the initiator, different charging gears are selected according to the delay value of the electronic detonator to charge the electronic detonator, and the voltage equality of the energy storage capacitor on the electronic detonator is ensured when the initiation is finished after the delay. According to the application, the charging voltages of the energy storage capacitors of different electronic detonators are finely managed, so that the final released ignition energy of the energy storage capacitors of all the electronic detonators is basically consistent, and the problem of detonator explosion rejection caused by premature fuse of bridge wires due to excessively high capacitor energy is avoided on the premise of ensuring reliable ignition of the powder head.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electronic detonator initiation, in particular to a system and a method for improving the safety of electronic detonator initiation.
Background
Electronic detonator priming systems generally consist of two parts: the electronic detonator and the exploder are used for controlling the electronic detonator to finish the functions of roll calling, delay setting, explosion code verification, charging, explosion and the like. The delay and the charging are two very critical operations, the delay is mainly used for enabling the electronic detonator to count down after receiving the initiation command, and once the delay is finished, the detonator can be truly initiated; the energy required for detonating the detonator comes from the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor must be charged before detonating.
The traditional electronic detonator charging mode generally has two modes:
one is that the electronic detonator control module does not support multi-stage charging gear, the charging voltage is completely determined by the voltage output by the detonator, and all detonator networks charge the same voltage on-line detonator;
the second electronic detonator module supports a limited number of gears, the voltage range span is particularly large, and is typically mainly set for capacitors with different voltage levels (such as 10V, 16V, 20V and 25V), and only one gear is selected when the electronic detonator module is actually charged, and all online detonators are finally charged with the same voltage.
Patent document CN108398066a (application number: CN 201810228366.2) discloses a detonation method and system, the method comprising: the detonation device sends a detonation preparation instruction to each electronic detonator and monitors feedback information of each electronic detonator; if the first feedback information is not monitored, the initiation device sends a pre-ignition instruction to each electronic detonator so as to control each electronic detonator to enter an ignition excitation waiting state; and sending a characteristic detonation waveform instruction to each electronic detonator so that each electronic detonator executes detonation according to the received characteristic detonation waveform instruction.
However, the energy released by different detonators during detonation is very different, and particularly, the voltage drop of an energy storage capacitor of a detonator with a short delay is very small and is far higher than the ignition voltage of a powder head, so that the energy during detonation is excessively large, the ignition element (generally a bridge wire resistor) can be possibly caused to be fused prematurely, the energy of the energy storage capacitor cannot be completely released, and finally, the problem of detonator explosion rejection is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application aims to provide a system and a method for improving the detonation safety of an electronic detonator.
The system for improving the detonation safety of the electronic detonator comprises an exploder and the electronic detonator;
the exploder is connected with the electronic detonator through an AB two bus;
the electronic detonator internally supports multi-stage charging gears, and the initiator designates corresponding gears when issuing a charging instruction to the electronic detonator; meanwhile, a delay value and a mapping table of charging gears are stored in the initiator, different charging gears are selected according to the delay value of the electronic detonator to charge the electronic detonator, and the voltage equality of the energy storage capacitor on the electronic detonator is ensured when the initiation is finished after the delay.
Preferably, the exploder carries out explosion control on the electronic detonator and comprises a main control unit, an AB two-bus circuit and a feedback current sampling circuit;
the main control unit is connected with the PHASE end of the AB two-bus circuit through a PC6 and is used for controlling and adjusting the PHASE of the output voltage of the two-bus circuit; the AB two bus output voltage is used for connecting the electronic detonator module by outputting an AB two bus signal after passing through two sampling resistors; meanwhile, a B signal is connected with a B_IN end of the feedback current sampling circuit and is used for sampling current on a B bus; the output end B_TEST of the feedback current sampling circuit is connected with the PA1 of the main control unit and is used as the input of an analog-digital conversion channel of the main control unit to sample the current of the B bus.
Preferably, the electronic detonator comprises:
and a power supply module: converting the input high voltage VDD, and outputting the converted high voltage VDD to provide working voltage for the electronic detonator;
reference voltage circuit: the power supply module is connected with the power supply module and outputs reference voltage;
a power-on reset circuit: and the electronic detonator chip is connected with the reference voltage circuit and is reset based on the low voltage VCCL and the reference voltage.
Preferably, the electronic detonator further comprises:
an oscillator circuit: the power supply module is connected with the digital logic circuit and used for generating a clock signal;
a charge-discharge path: the power supply module is connected with the energy storage capacitor and used for controlling the charge and discharge of the energy storage capacitor;
resistance voltage dividing circuit: the voltage divider is connected with the charge-discharge path, the comparator and the energy storage capacitor, performs resistance voltage division on the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, has a voltage division ratio of 1/10, outputs the voltage to the comparator as input, compares the reference voltage and is used for judging whether the capacitor is full.
Preferably, the electronic detonator further comprises:
the transmission gate: the digital logic circuit is used for outputting corresponding gating signals to select corresponding reference voltage output;
a comparator: the voltage source circuit is connected with the transmission gate, compares the energy storage capacitor voltage VB with the VREF selectively output by the transmission gate, outputs a high level when the voltage source circuit is higher than the reference voltage, and otherwise outputs a low level;
digital logic circuit: the device is connected with a power-on reset circuit, an oscillator circuit, a transmission gate, a charge-discharge path, a comparator, a communication circuit and an ignition switch, processes the instruction analyzed by the communication circuit, controls the charge-discharge path to charge and discharge the energy storage capacitor, and completes delay processing through a timer.
Preferably, the electronic detonator further comprises:
communication circuit: the communication connection is carried out with the initiator, and the initiator instruction and the return data are received and sent to the initiator;
communication capacitance: is connected with the power supply module and the charge-discharge channel, and supplements power supply for the electronic detonator chip when communicating with the electronic detonator.
Preferably, the electronic detonator further comprises:
energy storage capacitor: the ignition device is connected with the charge-discharge path, the resistor voltage-dividing circuit and the ignition switch and is used for storing energy, supplying power to the electronic detonator chip after the chip enters the delay, and simultaneously releasing the energy to heat the ignition element after the delay is finished;
bridge wire resistance: the ignition element is connected with an ignition switch, a charge-discharge passage and an energy storage capacitor, and the medicine head is detonated by heating the bridge wire;
firing switch: the grid electrode of the MOS tube is controlled by an electronic detonator chip FIRE.
Preferably, the charge-discharge path comprises a charge-discharge MOS tube and a charge-discharge current-limiting resistor, a switching signal of the charge-discharge MOS tube is controlled by a logic control circuit, a source electrode of the charge-discharge MOS tube is connected with an input voltage, a gate electrode of the charge-MOS tube is connected with a charge enabling signal, a drain electrode of the charge-MOS tube is connected with an output voltage after passing through the current-limiting resistor, the output voltage is connected with a drain electrode of the discharge MOS tube after passing through the current-limiting resistor, the gate electrode of the discharge MOS tube is connected with the discharge enabling signal, and the source electrode of the discharge MOS tube is grounded.
The method for improving the detonation safety of the electronic detonator provided by the application comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of outputting bus voltage at an initiator end to supply power to networked electronic detonators, enabling all the electronic detonators to enter a standby state after being normally electrified and initialized, and waiting for receiving an initiator command;
step 2: sending out a scanning command to finish roll call of the online electronic detonators, if the number of the electronic detonators is correct and no unregistered electronic detonator exists, entering a step 3, otherwise, checking a circuit and checking the electronic detonator with abnormal state;
step 3: setting delay values for the electronic detonators gradually according to preset explosion conditions, and entering step 4 after waiting for confirmation of detonator feedback;
step 4: performing detonation password verification on the electronic detonator, wherein the verification passes the step 5, otherwise, checking the electronic detonator with abnormal state;
step 5: searching a mapping table of delay values and charging gears, obtaining corresponding charging gears through the delay values of the electronic detonators, sending charging instructions to charge the electronic detonators, and if all the electronic detonators are charged completely and the state is normal, entering a step 6, otherwise, checking the electronic detonators with abnormal states;
step 6: and sending a detonation command, wherein all the electronic detonators enter a delay countdown, and automatically detonating the electronic detonators after the delay is finished.
Preferably, the anomalous electronic Lei Guanpai search process includes: recording the position of each electronic detonator and the corresponding electronic detonator identification code UID when the electronic detonator is assembled, checking the corresponding installation position of the electronic detonator if the electronic detonator identification code UID is absent, disconnecting the electronic detonator from the network, checking the scanning instruction of the single electronic detonator, and replacing the electronic detonator with a new electronic detonator if the state is confirmed to be abnormal; if the state is normal, the connection position of the detonator and the circuit is checked, and the connection position is replaced or a new electronic detonator is replaced according to the requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the application, by utilizing the characteristic of fine charging gear in the electronic detonator chip, the exploder realizes fine management of charging voltages of energy storage capacitors of different electronic detonators, so that the final released ignition energy of the energy storage capacitors of all electronic detonators is basically consistent, and the problem of detonator explosion rejection caused by premature fusing of bridge wires due to excessively high capacitor energy is avoided on the premise of ensuring reliable ignition of a powder head;
(2) The method of the application can ensure that the hidden danger of early blowing of the bridge wire is avoided no matter the bridge wire with a large diameter or the bridge wire with a small diameter is adopted for different medicine head types (sensitive or insensitive medicines), so that the selection of medicines and the bridge wire is not limited.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic detonator network;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the interior of an electronic detonator chip;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the content structure of the initiator;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge path structure.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present application, but are not intended to limit the application in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present application.
Examples:
the application provides a system for improving the detonation safety of an electronic detonator. Fine multi-stage charging gears (1V first gear, 9V-20V, 12 gears in total) are supported in the electronic detonator chip, and the corresponding gears are designated by the detonator when a charging instruction is issued to the detonator; meanwhile, a delay value and a mapping table of charging gears are stored in the detonator, different charging gears are selected according to the delay value of the detonator to charge the detonator, the detonator with large delay is provided with a higher charging gear, the detonator with small delay is provided with a lower charging gear, and the voltage on the energy storage capacitor is basically equal when the detonation is finished, namely the energy for heating the ignition element to detonate the powder head is basically the same.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the system for improving the detonation safety of an electronic detonator provided by the application comprises:
an exploder: completing the detonation control of the electronic detonator module, wherein the detonation control comprises a main control unit, a two-bus circuit (generating A, B bus power and signals) and a feedback current sampling function, as shown in fig. 3, the detonator is connected with the electronic detonator module through A, B two buses; the main control unit is connected with the PHASE end of the two-bus circuit through a PC6 and is used for controlling and adjusting the PHASE of the output voltage of the two-bus circuit; the output voltage (OUT+/OUT-) of the two buses outputs A, B two bus signals for connecting the electronic detonator module after passing through two sampling resistors R (the value of R is generally about 5-20 ohms); meanwhile, a B signal is connected with a B_IN end of the feedback current sampling circuit and is used for sampling current on a B bus; the output end B_TEST of the feedback current sampling circuit is connected with the PA1 of the main control unit and is used as the input of an analog-digital conversion channel of the main control unit to sample the current of the B bus.
And a power supply module: the power supply module converts the input high voltage VDD and outputs the converted high voltage VDD to provide stable working voltage for the electronic detonator chip, wherein the stable working voltage comprises high voltage VCCH and low voltage VCCL. The voltage of VCCH ranges from 5V to 30V, and the output of VCCL is fixed at about 3V after the chip is electrified and stabilized. The power supply module is connected with the reference voltage circuit, the power-on reset circuit, the oscillator circuit and the charging and discharging path.
Reference voltage circuit: the electronic detonator chip is connected with a power-on reset circuit, and a low-voltage reference power supply generated based on low-voltage VCCL inside the electronic detonator chip outputs voltage references of 0.9V, 1.0V, 1.1V, … and 2.0V: VREF1, VREF2, …, VREF12.
A power-on reset circuit: and the chip is in a reset state when the low voltage VCCL is lower than VREF_POR, the POR output is in a low level, otherwise, the chip reset is finished, and the POR output is in a high state.
An oscillator circuit: the digital logic circuit is connected with the power supply module, generates a clock signal for the digital logic circuit to use, inputs the voltage VCCL from the power supply module and outputs CLK.
A charge-discharge path: the control circuit is connected with the resistor voltage dividing circuit, the energy storage capacitor and the ignition switch, the input voltage VIN is from VCCH of the power module, the output end charges the energy storage capacitor, the control circuit mainly comprises a charging MOS tube, a discharging MOS tube and a charging/discharging current limiting resistor (the charging/discharging current is limited below 10 mA), the switching signals CHG_EN and DSG_EN of the MOS tube are controlled by the logic control circuit, as shown in figure 4, the source electrode of the charging MOS tube is connected with the input voltage VIN, the grid electrode of the charging MOS tube is connected with the charging enable signal CHG_EN, the drain electrode of the charging MOS tube is connected with the drain electrode of the discharging MOS tube after passing through the current limiting resistor R1, the output voltage VOUT is connected with the drain electrode of the discharging MOS tube after passing through the current limiting resistor R2, the grid electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the discharging enable signal DSG_EN, and the source electrode of the discharging MOS tube is grounded.
Resistance voltage dividing circuit: the voltage divider is connected with the comparator, performs resistance voltage division on the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, the voltage division ratio is 1/10, and the voltage divider is output to the comparator as input, and the reference voltage is used for comparing whether the capacitor is full.
A comparator: and comparing the energy storage capacitor voltage VB with VREF which is selectively output by the reference voltage through the transmission gate, outputting a high level when the energy storage capacitor voltage VB is higher than the reference voltage, and otherwise outputting a low level.
Transmission gates 1 to 12: the digital logic circuit is connected with the reference voltage circuit and the digital logic circuit, and outputs corresponding gating signals CH1 and … CH12 to select corresponding reference voltage output.
Digital logic circuit: the digital logic control circuit in the detonator chip is responsible for processing the instruction analyzed by the communication circuit; controlling a charge-discharge passage to charge and discharge the energy storage capacitor; and the delay processing is completed by a timer.
Communication circuit: and the circuit which is connected with the ignition switch and is used for completing a communication function with the initiator in the electronic detonator is mainly responsible for receiving the initiator instruction and returning data to the initiator.
Communication capacitance: the power supply module is connected with the power supply module and the charge-discharge channel and is used for supplementing power to the chip during detonator communication.
Energy storage capacitor: the power supply device is connected with the charge-discharge path, the resistor voltage-dividing circuit and the ignition switch and is used for storing energy, supplying power to the chip after the chip enters the delay, and simultaneously releasing the energy to heat the ignition element after the delay is finished.
Bridge wire resistance: and the ignition element is connected with the ignition switch and the charge-discharge passage and detonates the medicine head by heating the bridge wire.
Firing switch: the grid electrode of the ignition MOS tube is controlled by an electronic detonator chip FIRE.
The application provides a method for improving the detonation safety of an electronic detonator, which comprises the following steps:
step one: the detonator outputs bus voltage to supply power to the networked electronic detonators, and all the electronic detonators enter a standby state after being normally electrified and initialized, and wait for receiving a detonator command;
step two: the detonator firstly sends out a scanning command to finish roll call of the online electronic detonators, if the number of the detonators is correct and no unregistered detonator exists, the step three is entered, otherwise, the line is checked, and the detonator with abnormal state is checked; the investigation method comprises the following steps: when the detonators are networked, an operator records the position of each detonator and the corresponding detonator identification code UID, if one of the UIDs is missing, the corresponding installation position of the detonator is checked, the detonator can be disconnected from the network, the scanning instruction of the single detonator is checked, and if the state is confirmed to be abnormal, the detonator is replaced by a new detonator; if the state is normal, the connection between the detonator and the circuit is abnormal, the connection position of the detonator and the circuit is checked, and if necessary, the connection position can be replaced, or a new detonator can be directly replaced;
step three: setting delay values for the electronic detonators one by one according to an explosion scheme by the detonators, waiting for confirmation of detonator feedback, and entering a step four;
step four: the detonator carries out detonation password verification on the electronic detonator, the verification passes the step five, otherwise, the detonator with abnormal state is inspected;
step five: the initiator retrieves the delay value and the mapping table of the charging gear, obtains the corresponding charging gear through the delay value of the detonator, and sends a charging instruction to charge the detonator. If all the detonators are charged and the state is normal, the step six is entered, otherwise, the detonators with abnormal states are checked;
step six: the detonator sends a detonation command, all detonators enter delay countdown, the delay is finished, and the detonators detonate.
Principle analysis of premature bridge wire blowing-out to initiate misfire:
capacity of C, initial charging voltage U 0 Energy Q released by the capacitor of (C) at the time t 1 The following calculation was performed:
wherein: r is R s Resistance of bridge wire, R l Equivalent series resistance ESR, τ= (R) as capacitance s +R l ) C is the discharge constant.
While the bridge wire is required to be fused to obtain the energy Q 2 The method comprises the following steps:
Q 2 ＝cmT
wherein: c is the specific heat capacity of the bridge wire, 0.46 j/(g x) for nichrome; m is the mass of the bridgewire, taking 40um bridgewire as an example, m=1.62e-5 g; and T is temperature rise, the melting point of the bridge wire is 1400 ℃, namely 1400 ℃ is temperature rise, and the bridge wire can be fused.
Assuming that the energy discharged by the capacitor is used for heating the bridge wire, the bridge wire is fused for a time t 1 Can be calculated according to the following formula:
as can be seen from the above, the voltage U of the capacitor 0 Higher the time t of bridge wire fusing 1 The shorter the bridge wire is, the faster the bridge wire is fused, and the energy of the capacitor is not fully used for heating the bridge wireThe charge head is detonated so the higher the voltage of the capacitor is not.
Delay value and charging gear mapping algorithm in initiator:
according to the capacitance discharge formula:
U t ＝U 0 -I*t/C
wherein C is capacitance, I is delay chip power consumption, t is delay time, U 0 Is the charging voltage, U t Capacitor residual voltage after delay t.
To make the medicine head detonate normally, the residual voltage of the capacitor U t Must be higher than the ignition voltage U of the medicine head f For detonator finished products, once the medicament, the bridge wire and the capacitor are confirmed, the U f Is a constant value. The delay current I and the delay of the chip are fixed values, the charging voltage and the delay of the visible capacitor are in a linear relation, the delay is long, the voltage required to be charged is high, the delay is short, and the voltage required to be charged is low.
Because the charging voltage inside the electronic detonator chip is a fixed gear taking 1V as a step length, corresponding charging voltage values under different delays can be calculated, and the charging voltage values are directly rounded to the nearest integer voltage gear, so that a mapping table of the delays and the charging voltage gears is generated and stored in a memory of the initiator. In practical application, the detonator can select corresponding proper charging gear according to delay requirements of different detonators to charge the detonators, so that the capacitor voltage of all detonators is basically consistent after the delay is finished, the rejection of individual detonators due to the fact that the capacitor voltage is too high and bridge wires are fused too early is avoided, and the reliability and safety of the detonation of the electronic detonators are improved.
An electrolytic capacitor with a withstand voltage of 25V and a capacity value of 100uF is used as an energy storage capacitor of the electronic detonator module, a nickel-chromium alloy bridge wire with a diameter of 30um is adopted as an ignition element, and an insensitive powder head of a potassium picrate medicament is adopted, wherein the normal ignition voltage is 12.5V, and the bridge wire fusing time is 230us. If the voltage on the capacitor is too high, such as 18V, the bridge wire fusing time becomes about 1/4 (69 us) of the normal firing voltage, and the risk exists that the bridge wire fuses too fast to cause the medicine head to detonate.
| Capacitance capacity (uF) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Capacitor initiation voltage (V) | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 12.5 |
| Bridge wire resistor (ohm) | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| Electric passenger ESR (ohm) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Discharge constant (tau) | 280 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 280 |
| Bridge wire temperature rise (DEG C) | 1.40E+03 | 1.40E+03 | 1.40E+03 | 1.40E+03 | 1.40E+03 | 1.40E+03 | 1.40E+03 |
| Discharge time t (us) | 69 | 80 | 95 | 115 | 144 | 192 | 230 |
An electrolytic capacitor with a capacitance value of 100uF, delay current of 25uA of an electronic detonator, and delay of at least 20s of the electronic detonator are generally required to be supported, and according to a capacitor discharge formula:
U t ＝U 0 -I*t/C
the electrolytic capacitor can be calculated to be charged at least 18V, the capacitor is 13.0V after 20s delay, the ignition powder head can be normally ignited, and the residual capacitor after different delays is shown in the following table:
| delay(s) | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 | 20 |
| Capacitor residual voltage (V) | 18.0 | 17.5 | 17.0 | 16.5 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 15.0 | 14.5 | 14.0 | 13.5 | 13.0 |
Basically every 2s the voltage is reduced by 0.5V, so the following mapping table can be simply established:
| delay(s) | 0 | (0，4] | (4，8] | (8，10] | (10，14] | (14，20] |
| Charging voltage (V) | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 |
The charging voltage is regulated by delay, so that the capacitor voltage during detonator initiation is ensured to be between 13 and 14V, the bridge wire fusing time is basically consistent, and the control is about 150 to 200 us.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the systems, apparatus, and their respective modules provided herein may be implemented entirely by logic programming of method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and their respective modules are implemented as logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, etc., in addition to the systems, apparatus, and their respective modules being implemented as pure computer readable program code. Therefore, the system, the apparatus, and the respective modules thereof provided by the present application may be regarded as one hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs may also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; modules for implementing various functions may also be regarded as being either software programs for implementing the methods or structures within hardware components.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the application. The embodiments of the application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (3)
1. The system for improving the detonation safety of the electronic detonator is characterized by comprising an exploder and the electronic detonator;
the exploder is connected with the electronic detonator through an AB two bus;
the electronic detonator internally supports multi-stage charging gears, and the initiator designates corresponding gears when issuing a charging instruction to the electronic detonator; meanwhile, a delay value and a mapping table of charging gears are stored in the initiator, different charging gears are selected to charge the electronic detonator according to the delay value of the electronic detonator, and the voltages of energy storage capacitors on the electronic detonator are ensured to be equal when the initiation of the delay is finished;
the detonator performs detonation control on the electronic detonator and comprises a main control unit, an AB two-bus circuit and a feedback current sampling circuit;
the main control unit is connected with the PHASE end of the AB two-bus circuit through a PC6 and is used for controlling and adjusting the PHASE of the output voltage of the two-bus circuit; the AB two bus output voltage is used for connecting the electronic detonator module by outputting an AB two bus signal after passing through two sampling resistors; meanwhile, a B signal is connected with a B_IN end of the feedback current sampling circuit and is used for sampling current on a B bus; the output end B_TEST of the feedback current sampling circuit is connected with the PA1 of the main control unit and is used as the input of an analog-digital conversion channel of the main control unit to sample the current of the B bus;
the electronic detonator comprises:
and a power supply module: converting the input high voltage VDD, and outputting the converted high voltage VDD to provide working voltage for the electronic detonator;
reference voltage circuit: the power supply module is connected with the power supply module and outputs reference voltage;
a power-on reset circuit: the electronic detonator chip is connected with the reference voltage circuit and is reset based on the low voltage VCCL and the reference voltage;
the electronic detonator further comprises:
an oscillator circuit: the power supply module is connected with the digital logic circuit and used for generating a clock signal;
a charge-discharge path: the power supply module is connected with the energy storage capacitor and used for controlling the charge and discharge of the energy storage capacitor;
resistance voltage dividing circuit: the voltage divider is connected with the charge-discharge path, the comparator and the energy storage capacitor, performs resistance voltage division on the voltage of the energy storage capacitor, has a voltage division ratio of 1/10, outputs the voltage division ratio to the comparator as input, compares the reference voltage and is used for judging whether the capacitor is full;
the electronic detonator further comprises:
the transmission gate: the digital logic circuit is used for outputting corresponding gating signals to select corresponding reference voltage output;
a comparator: the voltage source circuit is connected with the transmission gate, compares the energy storage capacitor voltage VB with the VREF selectively output by the transmission gate, outputs a high level when the voltage source circuit is higher than the reference voltage, and otherwise outputs a low level;
digital logic circuit: the device is connected with a power-on reset circuit, an oscillator circuit, a transmission gate, a charge-discharge path, a comparator, a communication circuit and an ignition switch, processes the instruction analyzed by the communication circuit, controls the charge-discharge path to charge and discharge an energy storage capacitor, and completes delay processing through a timer;
the electronic detonator further comprises:
communication circuit: the communication connection is carried out with the initiator, and the initiator instruction and the return data are received and sent to the initiator;
communication capacitance: the electronic detonator chip is connected with the power supply module and the charge-discharge channel, and is supplied with power when in communication with the electronic detonator;
the electronic detonator further comprises:
energy storage capacitor: the ignition device is connected with the charge-discharge path, the resistor voltage-dividing circuit and the ignition switch and is used for storing energy, supplying power to the electronic detonator chip after the chip enters the delay, and simultaneously releasing the energy to heat the ignition element after the delay is finished;
bridge wire resistance: the ignition element is connected with an ignition switch, a charge-discharge passage and an energy storage capacitor, and the medicine head is detonated by heating the bridge wire;
firing switch: the grid electrode of the ignition MOS tube is controlled by an electronic detonator chip FIRE;
the charging and discharging channel comprises a charging and discharging MOS tube and a charging and discharging current limiting resistor, a switching signal of the charging and discharging MOS tube is controlled by a logic control circuit, a source electrode of the charging MOS tube is connected with an input voltage, a grid electrode of the charging MOS tube is connected with a charging enabling signal, a drain electrode of the charging MOS tube is connected with an output voltage after passing through the current limiting resistor, the output voltage is connected with a drain electrode of the discharging MOS tube after passing through the current limiting resistor, the grid electrode of the discharging MOS tube is connected with the discharging enabling signal, and the source electrode of the discharging MOS tube is grounded.
2. A method for improving the detonation security of an electronic detonator, comprising the steps of:
step 1: the method comprises the steps of outputting bus voltage at an initiator end to supply power to networked electronic detonators, enabling all the electronic detonators to enter a standby state after being normally electrified and initialized, and waiting for receiving an initiator command;
step 2: sending out a scanning command to finish roll call of the online electronic detonators, if the number of the electronic detonators is correct and no unregistered electronic detonator exists, entering a step 3, otherwise, checking a circuit and checking the electronic detonator with abnormal state;
step 3: setting delay values for the electronic detonators gradually according to preset explosion conditions, and entering step 4 after waiting for confirmation of detonator feedback;
step 4: performing detonation password verification on the electronic detonator, wherein the verification passes the step 5, otherwise, checking the electronic detonator with abnormal state;
step 5: searching a mapping table of delay values and charging gears, obtaining corresponding charging gears through the delay values of the electronic detonators, sending charging instructions to charge the electronic detonators, and if all the electronic detonators are charged completely and the state is normal, entering a step 6, otherwise, checking the electronic detonators with abnormal states;
step 6: and sending a detonation command, wherein all the electronic detonators enter a delay countdown, and automatically detonating the electronic detonators after the delay is finished.
3. The method for improving the detonation security of the electronic detonator of claim 2 wherein the anomalous electronic Lei Guanpai search process comprises: recording the position of each electronic detonator and the corresponding electronic detonator identification code UID when the electronic detonator is assembled, checking the corresponding installation position of the electronic detonator if the electronic detonator identification code UID is absent, disconnecting the electronic detonator from the network, checking the scanning instruction of the single electronic detonator, and replacing the electronic detonator with a new electronic detonator if the state is confirmed to be abnormal; if the state is normal, the connection position of the detonator and the circuit is checked, and the connection position is replaced or a new electronic detonator is replaced according to the requirement.
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| CN115493464B (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2023-10-17 | 上海芯跳科技有限公司 | Method and system for improving communication networking capability of electronic detonator |
| CN115289924B (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2022-12-02 | 上海芯飏科技有限公司 | System, method, equipment and medium for improving antistatic interference capability of electronic detonator |
| CN115307500B (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-01-06 | 上海芯飏科技有限公司 | Method, system and medium for realizing time-sharing charging of electronic detonator |
| CN116626097B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-01-26 | 无锡盛景微电子股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring and calculating surface bridge wire quality of ignition resistor of electronic detonator |
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