CN114809230B - Staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of deep tunnel drainage system by utilizing opposite-flushing energy dissipation of water tongues - Google Patents

Staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of deep tunnel drainage system by utilizing opposite-flushing energy dissipation of water tongues Download PDF

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CN114809230B
CN114809230B CN202210272656.3A CN202210272656A CN114809230B CN 114809230 B CN114809230 B CN 114809230B CN 202210272656 A CN202210272656 A CN 202210272656A CN 114809230 B CN114809230 B CN 114809230B
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plate
inner well
staggered
length
water
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CN114809230A (en
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程永光
王斌
杨志炎
刘珂
后小霞
张鹏程
薛松
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Wuhan University WHU
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
    • E03F3/02—Arrangement of sewer pipe-lines or pipe-line systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
    • E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
    • E03F5/0401—Gullies for use in roads or pavements
    • E03F5/0404—Gullies for use in roads or pavements with a permanent or temporary filtering device; Filtering devices specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
    • E03F5/041—Accessories therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/08—Ventilation of sewers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
    • E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Abstract

The invention provides a staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system by using opposite-impact energy dissipation of a water tongue, which can effectively improve energy dissipation and overflowing capacity and comprises the following components: the water inlet channel is used for leading in water to be drained; the cross section of the inner well is a hollow rectangle; a cross-flow section comprising: a plurality of rows of side plate units arranged on the side wall of the inner well at intervals along the axial direction, and a plurality of rows of middle plates staggered with the side plate units in the axial direction; each side plate unit comprises two side plates which are arranged in opposite directions in the radial direction and form a middle water passing area at intervals, the first row of side plate units are positioned at the top of the inner well, and the middle plates correspond to the middle water passing area and are positioned right below the middle water passing area; the shape and the size of the middle plate are the same as those of the middle water passing area; the cross sections of the side plates and the middle plate are rectangular; the ventilation part includes: the outer well is arranged around the periphery of the inner well, and is spaced from the inner well by a certain distance to form a ventilation cavity with an opening at the top; a sieve plate; and a bottom buffer chamber.

Description

Staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of deep tunnel drainage system utilizing nappe opposite-flushing energy dissipation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of drainage engineering, and particularly relates to a staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system by utilizing opposite-flushing energy dissipation of a water tongue.
Background
Deep tunnel drainage system, the full name deep tunnel drainage system is a drainage scheme that has been proposed in recent years to the urban waterlogging problem that frequently appears under extreme rainfall weather. The deep tunnel drainage system mainly comprises an inflow vertical shaft, a main tunnel, a drainage pump set, a ventilation facility and a sludge discharge facility. As a junction building for connecting a shallow pipe network and a main tunnel, the vertical shaft plays key roles of drainage, energy dissipation and the like, and has important influence on the urban flood prevention function of the deep tunnel drainage system. Aiming at the problem of urban inland inundation, a plurality of shaft structural forms are proposed for smoothly discharging shallow rain and sewage into a deep tunnel. At present, the vertical shaft structure applied to domestic and foreign urban drainage systems mainly has four structural forms, namely a drop type structure, a spiral flow type structure, a staggered plate type structure and a spiral ramp type structure.
Smooth inflow and outflow, sufficient energy dissipation and sufficient air intake and exhaust are main standards for measuring the quality of a vertical shaft structure, and currently, the staggered plate vertical shaft is more applied to a deep tunnel drainage system in a city due to the advantages of good energy dissipation effect, large application water head range, strong applicability, low cost and the like.
However, the performance of the existing staggered plate vertical shaft still needs to be improved, the bottom of the vertical shaft and a main tunnel are easily damaged locally, the structural parameters of the vertical shaft lack the design and research of a scientific system, the energy dissipation and overflowing capacity of the vertical shaft cannot be effectively improved, and the safe and stable operation of the vertical shaft cannot be facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system by utilizing opposite-impact energy dissipation of a water tongue, which can effectively improve energy dissipation and flow capacity and realize efficient, safe and stable operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the invention provides a staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system by using energy dissipation of nappe, which is characterized by comprising: the water inlet channel is used for leading in water to be drained; the top of the inner well is communicated with the water inlet channel, and the section of the inner well is a hollow rectangle; the cross-flow portion is arranged in the inner well and comprises: a plurality of rows of side plate units arranged on the side wall of the inner well at intervals along the axial direction, and a plurality of rows of middle plates staggered with the side plate units in the axial direction; each side plate unit comprises two side plates which are arranged in opposite directions in the radial direction and form a middle water passing area at intervals, the first row of side plate units are positioned at the top of the inner well, and the middle plates correspond to the middle water passing area and are positioned right below the middle water passing area; the shape and the size of the middle plate are the same as those of the middle water passing area; the cross sections of the side plates and the middle plate are rectangular; the ventilation part includes: the outer well is arranged around the periphery of the inner well, and is spaced from the inner well at a certain distance to form a gas exchange cavity with an opening at the top; each row of ventilation units comprises two ventilation holes which are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the inner well and are positioned below the fixed end of the middle plate; the sieve plate is arranged below the cross flow part and used for cutting and dispersing water flow; and a bottom buffer chamber located under the sieve plate, having an open upper portion and a hollow interior for receiving a downward flow of water to form a water buffer zone.
Preferably, the invention relates to a staggered plate type inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing energy of water tongue pair dissipation, which is characterized by comprising the following components: taking the first row side plate, the first row middle plate and the first row vent hole which are positioned at the top as a first-stage cross-flow air exchange structure, and determining the size of the first-stage cross-flow air exchange structure by adopting the following method:
setting a coordinate origin (0, 0) at the upper edge of the side surface of the water passing area adjacent to the side plate, wherein q is the flow led in from one side of the water inlet channel based on the designed flow, and adopting the following equation as a trajectory equation;
Figure SMS_1
let the trajectory equation pair horizontal distancexDerivative, the coordinates of the point at which the derivative is 1 are solved (x 0 ,y 0 ) Further, the half length of the intermediate plate is calculated by the following formulaL，And the distance between the upper surfaces of the side plates and the middle plate adjacent to each other in the height directionhAnd height of vent holeh 1 ：
Figure SMS_2
The other staggered flow air exchange structures are equal to the first-stage cross flow air exchange structure in shape and size and are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom in sequence.
Through above mode, carry out scientific design to curb plate, intermediate lamella and air vent structural parameter, can rationally improve energy dissipation, the ability of overflowing effectively, the biggest ability of overflowing of full play shaft itself makes the energy dissipation effect guarantee the shaft atress balanced when more abundant, makes the shaft can high-efficient, safe, move steadily more.
Preferably, the staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system utilizing the energy dissipated by the nappe pair can also have the following characteristics: the width of the vent hole is the same as the thickness of the middle plate, and the length of the vent hole is not less than half of the length of the middle plate and not more than the length of the middle plate. The ventilation holes are arranged, so that smooth air exhaust and air intake in the inner well are facilitated, and more effective overflowing energy dissipation is realized.
Preferably, the deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow shaft utilizing the water tongue pair dissipation energy related to the invention can also have the following characteristics: the length of the side plates is half of that of the middle plate when viewed along the axial direction of the water inlet channel.
Preferably, the deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow shaft utilizing the water tongue pair dissipation energy related to the invention can also have the following characteristics: the inner wall of the inner well encloses an inner well channel with a rectangular section, and when viewed along the axial direction of the water inlet channel, the width of the inner well channel = the width of the side plates = the width of the middle plate, and the length of the inner well = the length of the two side plates + the length of the middle plate. The arrangement is more favorable for the full turbulent collision of water flow, provides sufficient space for overflowing, enables the energy dissipation effect to be more sufficient and operates more stably, and reduces the local impact damage of the water flow to the vertical shaft structure.
Preferably, the deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow shaft utilizing the water tongue pair dissipation energy related to the invention can also have the following characteristics: the length of the middle plate is set asL 3 The upper surfaces of the middle plate and the side plates are both formed with a radius of 0.05L 3 Is provided with continuous semi-cylindrical protrusions. The arrangement can effectively enlarge the contact area between the water flow and the staggered plates, so that the water flow is in full contact and turbulent motion with the surface of the reinforced concrete structure, and the water flow can be promoted to further generate interactive hedging energy dissipation on the surface of the reinforced concrete structure for multiple times, thereby further strengthening the energy dissipation effect.
Preferably, the deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow shaft utilizing the water tongue pair dissipation energy related to the invention can also have the following characteristics: the sieve plate is in a rectangular reinforced concrete structure, the middle area of the sieve plate corresponds to the middle plate, the side areas of the two sieve plates correspond to the two side plates in the same row respectively, and the length of the sieve plate is set asL 1 Width ofL 2 Then, the length is uniformly set to 0.05L 1 Width 0.075L 2 The side area is divided into a first sub-area adjacent to the middle area and a second sub-area not adjacent to the middle area, and the first sub-area is uniformly provided with a length of 0.075L 1 0.15 widthL 2 The second subareas are uniformly provided with first side holes with the length of 0.1L 1 0.15 widthL 2 The second side hole. Through the arrangement, a large amount of water flow falling to the middle area impacts the middle hole area, is cut, dispersed and crushed by the middle hole and is blocked by enough, the water flow which falls to the energy dissipation area but does not pass through the sieve mesh flows to the side area with thinner holes, then is further energy dissipated, cut, dispersed and crushed by the first sub-area and the first side hole, part of the water flow which does not pass through the sieve mesh further flows to the second sub-area and the second side hole to be further energy dissipated, cut, dispersed and crushed, the water flow on the areas is continuously dissipated, cut, dispersed and crushed, and then uniformly dispersed and discharged through the sieve mesh, the water flow which does not reach the discharge in the middle area can be discharged from the two sides rapidly in time, and the water flow congestion is avoided.
Preferably, the deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow shaft utilizing the water tongue pair dissipation energy related to the invention can also have the following characteristics: and a protective cover is arranged on the side wall of the water inlet channel and above the air exchange cavity and used for ensuring that the air flow smoothly passes through the opening of the air exchange cavity and preventing foreign objects from entering.
Preferably, the staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system using the energy dissipated by the nappe pair can further comprise: and the deep main tunnel is transversely arranged at the bottom of the outer well, below the inner well, above the bottom buffer cavity, has the same extending direction with the water inlet channel and is communicated with the outer well and the inner well.
Preferably, the deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow shaft utilizing the water tongue pair dissipation energy related to the invention can also have the following characteristics: the section of the bottom buffer cavity is rectangular, the size of the section corresponds to that of the sieve plate, and the depth is 1/3 to 1/2 of the distance from the bottom surface of the sieve plate to the opening of the bottom buffer cavity. Such setting up energy dissipation buffering effect is better, more is favorable to the rivers of well bottom and main tunnel to link up steadily, is more difficult for taking place to damage.
Preferably, the staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system utilizing the energy dissipated by the nappe pair can also have the following characteristics: the sieve sets up in interior well bottom, and the interior well erects in the outer well through the support frame.
Furthermore, the staggered plate type inflow vertical shafts with the characteristics and utilizing the water tongue hedging energy dissipation can be combined, installed and used according to urban terrain and actual drainage requirements, and when the staggered plate type inflow vertical shafts are combined and used, all groups of vertical shafts are communicated through deep main tunnels.
Action and effects of the invention
The deep tunnel drainage system staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft utilizing the energy dissipation of the nappe pair has the advantages that due to the structure, the energy dissipation and overflowing capacity of the flow vertical shaft can be effectively improved, the safe operation of the flow vertical shaft can be practically guaranteed, water flows of all parts are connected stably, local damage is effectively reduced, the construction and maintenance are facilitated, and a new thought is provided for a scientific system to improve the performance of the flow vertical shaft.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a staggered plate type inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing water tongue opposed energy dissipation according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a staggered plate type inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing water tongue opposite-absorbing energy according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a side view of a staggered plate type inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing water tongue opposite-impact energy dissipation according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a partial structural exploded view of a staggered plate type inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing water tongue opposite-absorbing energy according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a partial structural section view one of a staggered plate type inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing water tongue opposite-flushing energy according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a second partial structural sectional view of a staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system utilizing the water tongue opposite-absorbing energy according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cross-flow section according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a screen panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a simplified diagram of the water tongue inflow process in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system utilizing the jet energy dissipation is explained in detail by referring to the attached drawings.
< example >
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the staggered plate type inflow shaft 10 of the deep tunnel drainage system utilizing the water tongue opposite-impact energy dissipation comprises a water inlet channel 11, an inner shaft 12, a cross flow part 13, a ventilation part 14, a protective cover 15, a sieve plate 16, a support frame 17, a bottom buffer cavity 18 and a deep main tunnel 19.
The water inlet channel 11 is used for leading in water to be drained from the outside, is of an open channel type, has a rectangular section, and can be opened at the top and also can be closed. As shown in figures 1 to 2, the middle part of the water inlet channel 11 is communicated with the top of the inner well 12, and the left part and the right part are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the inner well 12.
The top of the inner well 12 is communicated with the water inlet channel 11, and the inner wall of the inner well is enclosed into an inner well 12 channel with a rectangular section, so that a downward drainage space is provided for water flow guided into the water inlet channel 11.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the cross-flow part 13 is disposed in the inner well 12 and includes eight rows of side plate units 131 and seven rows of middle plates 132 for realizing energy dissipation by underwater tongue hedging.
Eight rows of side plate units 131 are arranged on the side wall of the inner well 12 at equal intervals from top to bottom along the axial direction of the inner well 12. The first row of side plate units 131 is located at the junction of the inner well 12 and the water inlet channel 11, is level with the top of the inner well 12, is connected with the water inlet channel 11, and extends towards the middle along the edge of the water inlet channel 11. The top of the first-stage side cross slab is level with the top of the inner well 12 and is connected with the water inlet channel 11. Each row of side plate units 131 includes two rectangular side plates 131a disposed opposite to each other in the radial direction and spaced apart by a certain distance to form a middle water passing area.
The intermediate plate 132 is arranged to be staggered with the side plate unit 131 in the axial direction. The intermediate plate 132 is the same size as the intermediate water passing region in shape and is also a rectangular plate and is located directly below the intermediate water passing region. The side plate units 131 and the middle plate 132 form a place for gradually discharging water and dissipating energy.
As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the length of the side plate 131a is half of the length of the middle plate 132 as viewed in the axial direction of the inlet channel; let the length of the middle plate 132 beL 3 The upper surfaces of the middle plate 132 and the side plates 131a are each formed with a radius of 0.05L 3 Is provided with continuous semi-cylindrical protrusions.
Viewed axially along the intake canal, the width of the channel of the inner well 12 = the width of the side plates 131a = the width of the intermediate plate 132, and the length of the inner well 12 = the length of the two side plates 131a + the length of the intermediate plate 132.
The ventilation part 14 includes an outer well 141 and seven rows of ventilation units 142.
The outer well 141 is a hollow cylinder, and is arranged around the periphery of the inner well 12 at a certain distance, and the inner wall of the outer well 141 and the outer wall of the inner well 12 together enclose a ventilation chamber with an open top for air intake and exhaust. As shown in fig. 1, the top opening of the ventilation chamber is two small semicircular openings located at two sides below the water inlet channel 11. The top side wall of the ventilation chamber is connected with the deep main tunnel 19. In this embodiment, the inner well 12 and the outer well 141 are both reinforced concrete structures.
Each row of ventilation units 142 includes two ventilation holes 142a, which are symmetrically formed on the sidewall of the inner well 12 and located below the fixed end (the end fixed to the inner well 12) of the middle plate 132, for air intake and exhaust of the inner well 12. The vent hole 142a has the same width as the thickness of the intermediate plate 132, and has a length not less than half the length of the intermediate plate 132 and not more than the length of the intermediate plate 132.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a protective cover 15 is provided on the sidewall of the water inlet channel 11 above the breather chamber for securing smooth air flow through the opening of the breather chamber and blocking foreign objects from entering.
The sieve plate 16 is arranged at the bottom of the inner well 122, is positioned below the last row of side plates 131a, has the same distance with the last row of side plates 131a and the same distance between the side plates 131a and the central plate 12, and is used for cutting and dispersing water flow so as to achieve the purposes of further energy dissipation and enabling the water flow to uniformly fall. In this embodiment, the screen plate 16 is a rectangular reinforced concrete structure, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the middle area of the screen plate 16 corresponds to the middle plate 132, the two side areas correspond to the two side plates 131a in the same row, and the length of the screen plate 16 is set asL 1 Width ofL 2 Eight rows and four columns with the length of 0.05 are uniformly arranged on the middle areaL 1 Width 0.075L 2 The middle hole 161 divides the side area into a first sub-area adjacent to the middle area and a second sub-area not adjacent to the middle area, and four rows and one column of 0.075 length are uniformly arranged on the first sub-areaL 1 0.15 widthL 2 The second sub-area is uniformly provided with four rows and one column of 0.1 long side holes 162L 1 0.15 widthL 2 And second side aperture 163.
The support frame 17 is positioned between the bottom of the inner well 12 and the outer well 141, and supports the cross flow part 13 and the sieve plate 16. As shown in fig. 4, the supporting frame 17 is an L-shaped steel frame for supporting and fixing.
The bottom buffer chamber 18 is located right below the sieve plate 16 and extends downwards from the area of the fixed support frame 17 at the bottom of the outer well 141 to form a water energy dissipation buffer area for accommodating and buffering the downward drainage water flow. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the bottom buffer cavity 18 is open at the upper part, hollow and rectangular in cross section, the size of the cross section corresponds to that of the sieve plate 16, and the depth is 1/3 to 1/2 of the distance from the bottom surface of the sieve plate 16 to the opening of the bottom buffer cavity 18.
The deep main tunnel 19 is transversely arranged at the bottom of the outer well 141, below the inner well 12 and above the bottom buffer chamber 18, has the same axial direction as the extending direction of the water inlet channel 11, and is communicated with both the outer well 141 and the inner well 12. The deep main tunnel 19 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, the cross section of the inner surface is circular, and the diameter is equal to the height of the support frame 17. The water flow discharged downwards through the sieve plate 16 is discharged into a deep main tunnel 19 positioned in the deep underground layer and is sent to a sewage treatment plant for treatment through the deep main tunnel 19, or the water flow is discharged into the deep main tunnel 19 and is temporarily stored firstly, and is pumped and discharged to the sewage treatment plant for treatment after the precipitation process is finished.
As shown in fig. 9, in order to make the opposing energy dissipation of the nappe uniform and sufficient, ensure that the impact of the water flow on the side plate 131a and the middle plate 132 in the horizontal and vertical directions is small, ensure smooth ventilation, realize maximum overflow, avoid water flow congestion, and avoid water overflow from the vent hole 142a, the following method is adopted to determine the size parameters of each side plate 131a, the middle plate 132 and the vent hole 142 a:
the first row side plate 131a, the first row middle plate 132 and the first row vent hole 142a which are positioned at the top are taken as a first-stage cross-flow ventilation structure;
let the origin of coordinates (0, 0) be at the upper edge of the side plate 131a adjacent to the side of the water passing area, and q be the flow rate (m) introduced from one side of the water inlet channel 11 based on the design flow rate 3 H), adopting the following equation as a trajectory equation of the nappe;
Figure SMS_3
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,h 0 the water depth of the section where the origin is located is unit m;h'is the water head on the weir, and the unit is m;mis a constant term.
Let the trajectory equation pair horizontal distancexDerivative, the coordinates of the point at which the derivative is 1 are solved (x 0 ,y 0 ) Further, the following formula is used to calculate the half length of the middle plate 132L，And the distance between the upper surfaces of the adjacent side plates 131a and the intermediate plate 132 in the height directionhAnd all areHeight of air hole 142ah 1 ：
Figure SMS_4
/>
The other rows of side plates 131a, the middle plate 132 and the vent holes 142a are equal in shape and size to the first-stage cross-flow ventilation structure, and are sequentially arranged from top to bottom at equal intervals.
In the embodiment of the invention, the staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft 10 of the deep tunnel drainage system is applied to the urban deep tunnel drainage system, and is designed according to the standard of the emergence period of rainstorm in 5 years, so that the system can effectively cope with rainfall in 100 years.
When the water-saving drainage device runs, water flow firstly flows to the inner well 12 through the water inlet channel 11, falls to the first row (stage) of middle plates 132 after passing through the first row of side plates 131a, water tongues on two sides are crossed and oppositely flushed above the middle plates 132, then enters the next row of side plates 131a from two sides, falls step by step along each row of middle plates 132 and side plates 131a, carries out energy dissipation and flow stabilization through the opposite flushing of the water tongues and the falling, collision, crushing, friction and turbulent motion of the water flow between each stage of middle plates 132 and side plates 131a, and exhausts through the vent holes 142a in the process; the water flow emitted from the last row of side plates 131a converges and is collided, falls to the sieve plate 16, and is cut, crushed and dispersed by each sieve pore to consume water flow energy; the water flow passing through the sieve plate 16 falls into the bottom buffer cavity 18, rolls and turbulizes in the bottom buffer cavity, further buffers and dissipates energy, and the water flow after dissipating energy is reflected to two sides from the middle of the bottom buffer cavity 18 to enter the deep main tunnel 19 for further transmission or storage.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system utilizing the energy of water tongue to dissipate is not limited to the structure described in the above embodiments, but is subject to the scope defined by the claims. Any modification, or addition, or equivalent replacement by a person skilled in the art on the basis of this embodiment is within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. Utilize crisscross board-like inflow shaft of deep tunnel drainage system of nappe hedging energy-dissipating, its characterized in that includes:
a water inlet channel for leading in water to be drained;
the top of the inner well is communicated with the water inlet channel, and the section of the inner well is a hollow rectangle;
a cross-flow section disposed in the inner well, comprising: a plurality of rows of side plate units arranged on the inner well side wall at intervals along the axial direction, and a plurality of rows of middle plates staggered with the side plate units in the axial direction; each side plate unit comprises two side plates which are arranged in an opposite direction in the radial direction and form a middle water passing area at a certain distance, the first row of side plate units are positioned at the top of the inner well, and the middle plates correspond to the middle water passing area and are positioned right below the middle water passing area; the shape and the size of the middle plate are the same as those of the middle water passing area; the cross sections of the side plates and the middle plate are rectangular;
the ventilation part includes: the outer well is arranged around the periphery of the inner well and is spaced from the inner well by a certain distance to form a ventilation cavity with an open top; each row of ventilation units comprises two ventilation holes which are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the inner well and are positioned below the fixed end of the middle plate;
the sieve plate is arranged below the cross flow part and used for cutting and dispersing water flow; and
a bottom buffer chamber which is positioned under the sieve plate, has an opening at the upper part, and is internally hollow to accommodate the downward drainage flow so as to form a water buffer zone,
the sieve plate is positioned under the last row of side plates and has a rectangular reinforced concrete structure, the middle area of the sieve plate corresponds to the middle plate, the two side areas correspond to the two side plates in the same row respectively, and the length of the sieve plate is set asL 1 Width ofL 2 Then, the length is uniformly set to be 0.05L 1 Width 0.075L 2 The side area is divided into a first sub-area adjacent to the middle area and a second sub-area not adjacent to the middle areaThe first sub-area is uniformly provided with a length of 0.075L 1 0.15 widthL 2 The second sub-area is uniformly provided with a first side hole with the length of 0.1L 1 0.15 widthL 2 The second side hole;
taking the side plate of the first row, the middle plate of the first row and the vent holes of the first row which are positioned at the top as a first-stage cross-flow ventilation structure, and determining the size of the first-stage cross-flow ventilation structure by adopting the following method:
setting a coordinate origin (0, 0) at the upper edge of the side surface of the water passing area adjacent to the side plate, wherein q is the flow led in from one side of the water inlet channel based on the designed flow, and adopting the following equation as a trajectory equation;
Figure QLYQS_1
let the trajectory equation pair horizontal distancexDerivation, the coordinates of the point at which the derivative is 1 (x 0 ，y 0 ) Further, the half length of the intermediate plate is calculated by the following formulaL，And the distance between the upper surfaces of the side plates and the middle plate adjacent to each other in the height directionhAnd height of vent holeh 1 ：
Figure QLYQS_2
The other staggered flow air exchange structures are equal to the first-stage cross flow air exchange structure in shape and size and are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom in sequence.
2. The staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system using nappe counteracting energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the width of the vent hole is the same as the thickness of the middle plate, and the length of the vent hole is not less than half of the length of the middle plate and not more than the length of the middle plate.
3. The staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system using nappe counteracting energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein, looking along the axial direction of the water inlet channel, the length of the side plate is half of that of the middle plate.
4. The staggered plate inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing nappe counteracting energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the inner well inner wall is enclosed to form an inner well channel with a rectangular cross section, and when viewed along the axial direction of the water inlet channel, the width of the inner well channel = the width of the side plates = the width of the middle plate, and the length of the inner well = the length of the two side plates + the length of the middle plate.
5. The staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system using nappe counteracting energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
wherein the length of the middle plate is set asL 3 The upper surfaces of the middle plate and the side plates are both formed with a radius of 0.05L 3 Is provided with continuous semi-cylindrical protrusions.
6. The staggered plate type inflow shaft of the deep tunnel drainage system using nappe counteracting energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
and a protective cover is arranged on the side wall of the water inlet channel and above the air exchange cavity and used for ensuring that air flow smoothly passes through the opening of the air exchange cavity and preventing foreign objects from entering.
7. The staggered plate inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing nappe counteracting energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the section of the bottom buffer cavity is rectangular, the size of the section of the bottom buffer cavity corresponds to that of the sieve plate, and the depth of the bottom buffer cavity is 1/3 to 1/2 of the distance from the bottom surface of the sieve plate to the opening of the bottom buffer cavity.
8. The staggered plate inflow shaft of a deep tunnel drainage system utilizing nappe-pair energy dissipation as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and the deep main tunnel is transversely arranged at the bottom of the outer well, below the inner well, positioned above the bottom buffer cavity, has the same extending direction with the water inlet channel and is communicated with both the outer well and the inner well.
CN202210272656.3A 2022-03-18 2022-03-18 Staggered plate type inflow vertical shaft of deep tunnel drainage system by utilizing opposite-flushing energy dissipation of water tongues Active CN114809230B (en)

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