CN114806643A - Catalytic gasification fly ash utilization method and catalytic gasification system - Google Patents
Catalytic gasification fly ash utilization method and catalytic gasification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114806643A CN114806643A CN202210397587.9A CN202210397587A CN114806643A CN 114806643 A CN114806643 A CN 114806643A CN 202210397587 A CN202210397587 A CN 202210397587A CN 114806643 A CN114806643 A CN 114806643A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
- C10J3/56—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a catalytic gasification fly ash utilization method and a catalytic gasification system. The invention provides a method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash, which comprises the following steps: s100, introducing the gasified fly ash and mineral powder containing calcium and magnesium into a fluidized bed, and under the fluidization of a fluidizing medium, enabling the mineral powder to be in a fluidized state, so that the mineral powder and the gasified fly ash are uniformly mixed to form a mixed material, and calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the mineral powder completely react with water vapor in fluidized gas and are completely converted into calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; s200, spraying water into the fluidized bed to enable the surfaces of the mixed material particles to be covered by adsorbed water and film water, so that the mixed material begins to form balls after being soaked in maximum molecular bound water; s300, the air flow of the fluidized bed is adjusted, so that the mixed material particles reach the preset size and are discharged, and the technical problems that the fly ash particles are fine, the fly ash directly returns to the gasifier and is easy to cause the blockage of a conveying pipeline, and meanwhile, the fly ash enters the gasifier and is easy to be carried out are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a catalytic gasification fly ash utilization method and a catalytic gasification system.
Background
The technology for preparing natural gas by catalytic coal gasification is one of the most efficient ways for preparing natural gas by coal. The catalyst is added into the coal, so that coal gasification, water gas shift and methanation reaction can be synchronously catalyzed, heat absorption and release reaction coupling is realized, the system energy efficiency is greatly improved, and the methane concentration in the product gas is improved.
The particle size distribution of the coal catalytic gasification raw coal is wide, a large amount of fine-particle coal powder can be generated in the coal preparation and catalyst loading processes, and the coal powder can be broken to form fine particles under the thermal reaction and mechanical collision in the gasification furnace. After entering the gasification furnace, the fine-particle coal powder is carried out of the bed layer by the fluidized gas before gasification reaction, and is carried into the subsequent working section along with the synthesis gas to become gasification fly ash. A cyclone is usually used for coarse dust removal and the fly ash is returned to the gasifier. And then coarse dust removal is carried out through a filter, and superfine fly ash in the synthesis gas is removed as much as possible, so that the dust content of the gas meets the process requirements. The carbon content of fly ash collected by the filter is up to 50%, the particle size is very fine, the fluidity is not good, and the fly ash is difficult to return to a furnace. The fly ash is returned to the gasification furnace in time and is easily carried out by the airflow, so that ineffective circulation is caused. The fly ash is directly discharged, so that energy waste is caused, the overall energy conversion efficiency is reduced, and the fly ash of the catalytic gasification filter contains a large amount of catalyst, so that the environmental pollution is easily caused.
The carbon content of the gasified fly ash is high, and the gasification utilization value of the returned gas is high. However, the fly ash has fine particles, so that the fly ash is easy to block a conveying pipeline when directly returning to the gasifier, and meanwhile, the fly ash is easy to be carried out when entering the gasifier.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a catalytic gasification fly ash utilization method and a catalytic gasification system.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash, comprising the following steps:
s100, introducing the gasified fly ash and mineral powder containing calcium and magnesium into a fluidized bed, and under the fluidization of a fluidizing medium, enabling the mineral powder to be in a fluidized state, so that the mineral powder and the gasified fly ash are uniformly mixed to form a mixed material, and calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the mineral powder completely react with water vapor in fluidized gas and are completely converted into calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide;
s200, spraying water into the fluidized bed to enable the surfaces of the mixed material particles to be covered by adsorbed water and film water, so that the mixed material begins to form balls after being soaked in maximum molecular bound water;
s300, adjusting the airflow of the fluidized bed to discharge the mixed material particles after the mixed material particles reach the preset size.
As a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S100, the mineral powder includes dolomite, limestone or magnesite.
In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S100, the amount of the mineral powder added is 20 to 50% by mass of the gasified fly ash.
In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S200, the amount of water added is 8% to 12% by mass, for example, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, or 12% by mass of the gasified fly ash.
As a preferred technical scheme of the method of the invention, in the step S200, before the mixed material is pelletized, the airflow speed of the fluidized bed is controlled to be less than 0.05 m/S.
As a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S300, after the start of the spheronization of the mixture, the flow velocity of the fluidized bed is controlled to be 0.1m/S to 0.5m/S, for example, 0.1m/S, 0.2m/S, 0.3m/S, 0.4m/S or 0.5 m/S.
As a preferred technical scheme of the method of the invention, the temperature of the fluidized bed is kept at 80-180 ℃, for example 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃ or 180 ℃, so that calcium ions or magnesium ions react with the alkali metal catalyst in the fly ash in a steam atmosphere, and all alkali metals are converted into water-soluble alkali metal salts, such as hydroxide or carbonate, and have high catalytic activity and reaction rate.
As a preferable technical scheme of the method, in the step S100, the particle size of the mixed material particles with the mass fraction of more than 50 percent in the mixed material is less than 15 mu m.
As a preferable technical scheme of the method, the method further comprises a step S400 of conveying the mixed material particles discharged in the step S300 to a gasification furnace for gasification reaction.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a catalytic gasification system, which applies the method for utilizing the catalytic gasification fly ash of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) the embodiment of the disclosure utilizes the fluidized bed granulation technology to granulate the filter fly ash and then return to the furnace for gasification, thereby solving the technical problems that the fly ash is fine in particle, the fly ash is easy to cause the blockage of a conveying pipeline when directly returning to the furnace, and meanwhile, the fly ash is easy to be brought out when entering the gasification furnace. In other words, the method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can efficiently utilize gasification fly ash and synchronously recover the catalyst.
(2) The gasified fly ash is sprayed into a fluidized bed through a nozzle, and calcium and magnesium containing mineral powder is added as an additive, so that pretreatment and granulation are realized in the fluidized bed. The catalyst in the gasified fly ash can be converted into soluble salt with high activity.
(3) By adding calcium and magnesium containing mineral powder as additive, the problems of poor wettability of gasification fly ash particles and difficult operation of mixing and molding with binder and water can be solved, and the gasification fly ash is favorably molded.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.
The carbon content of the gasified fly ash is high, and the gasification utilization value of the returned gas is high. Because the fly ash particles are fine, the fly ash is easy to cause the blockage of a conveying pipeline when directly returning to the gasifier, and meanwhile, the fly ash is easy to be carried out when entering the gasifier. In order to solve the problem of utilization of the fly ash, the embodiment of the disclosure firstly shapes the fly ash and then conveys the shaped fly ash to the gasification furnace.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached figure 1
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash, which comprises the following steps:
s100, introducing the gasified fly ash and mineral powder containing calcium and magnesium into a fluidized bed, and under the fluidization of a fluidizing medium, enabling the mineral powder to be in a fluidized state, so that the mineral powder and the gasified fly ash are uniformly mixed to form a mixed material, and calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the mineral powder completely react with water vapor in fluidized gas and are completely converted into calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide;
s200, spraying water into the fluidized bed to enable the surfaces of the mixed material particles to be covered by adsorbed water and film water, so that the mixed material begins to form balls after being soaked in maximum molecular bound water;
s300, adjusting the airflow of the fluidized bed to discharge the mixed material particles after the mixed material particles reach the preset size. And the mixed material particles can be used as the formed raw material coal after reaching the preset size.
As a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S100, the mineral powder comprises dolomite, limestone or magnesite.
The embodiment of the disclosure utilizes the fluidized bed forming activation technology to granulate the filter fly ash and then return the granulated fly ash to the furnace for gasification, thereby solving the technical problems that the fly ash is fine in particle, the fly ash directly returns to the furnace to easily cause the blockage of a conveying pipeline, and meanwhile, the fly ash is easily brought out when entering the gasification furnace. The disclosed embodiments convert the catalyst to calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate when the catalyst is a calcium, magnesium containing mineral powder by forming fine dust particles into larger particles and converting the catalyst to a highly active alkali metal salt, such as in the form of hydroxide or carbonate.
The method realizes the molding and pretreatment of the fly ash synchronously, improves the utilization efficiency of the fly ash and simplifies the catalyst recovery process. In other words, the method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can efficiently utilize gasification fly ash and synchronously recover the catalyst.
The embodiment of the disclosure realizes pretreatment and granulation in the fluidized bed by spraying the gasified fly ash into the fluidized bed through a nozzle and simultaneously adding mineral powder containing calcium and magnesium as an additive. The catalyst in the gasified fly ash can be converted into soluble salt with high activity.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, by adding the calcium-containing and magnesium-containing mineral powder as the additive, the problems that the wettability of the gasification fly ash particles is poor, and the operation of mixing and molding the gasification fly ash particles with the binder and water is difficult can be solved, and the gasification fly ash molding is facilitated.
In the embodiment, the fluidizing medium is steam/hot air, namely the gasified fly ash and calcium and magnesium containing mineral powder such as dolomite or limestone or magnesite are introduced into the fluidized bed together or respectively through a nozzle, the powder is in a uniform fluidized state under the fluidization of the steam/hot air, and the gasified fly ash and the calcium and magnesium oxide containing mineral powder are uniformly mixed.
When the calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the mineral powder completely react with the water vapor in the fluidized gas and are converted into calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, the atomizing nozzle is adopted to spray water into the fluidized bed mixed material. The reaction of the calcium and magnesium oxides with water to form the hydroxide is exothermic and the temperature in the fluidized bed increases, and when the temperature in the bed is maintained at the same temperature as the fluidizing medium, the calcium and magnesium oxides are completely converted.
Because the mixed material is in a fluidized state and water exists in an atomized form, the gasified fly ash can be better contacted with the water, and the wetting effect is better. The mixed material has very fine particles, more than 50 percent of the particles have the particle diameter of less than 15 microns, and the surfaces of the particles are covered by adsorbed water and film water. The calcium and magnesium additive particles have a large amount of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide forms, the surface hydrophilicity is higher, the solid particles have stronger capacity of being soaked by water, and a large amount of adsorption water exists on the surfaces of the particles, so that the binding force of a mixed material is enhanced, and the adhesion of the additive particles and fly ash particles into balls is promoted. And as the moisture increases, the particle surface is covered with film water. When the mixed material is soaked into the maximum molecular bound water, balling is started. Under the strong turbulence of the fluidized bed and the impact between the particles, the formed spherical particles continue to grow and compact. And (3) adjusting the fluidizing gas speed of the fluidized bed to ensure that the granularity reaches about 2mm, and discharging particles from the bed to obtain the formed fly ash raw material.
In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S100, the amount of the mineral powder added is 20 to 50% by mass of the gasification fly ash. Because the calcium and magnesium-containing mineral powder contains a large amount of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, the surface hydrophilicity is higher, the solid particles have stronger water-soaking capability, and a large amount of adsorption water exists on the particle surfaces, which is beneficial to enhancing the binding force of mixed materials and promoting the bonding of additive particles and fly ash particles into balls.
In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S200, the amount of water added is 8% to 12% by mass, for example, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11% or 12% by mass of the gasified fly ash. The gasified fly ash can be better contacted with water, the wetting effect is better, and when the mixed material is soaked into the maximum molecular bound water, the mixed material begins to form balls.
As a preferred technical scheme of the method, in the step S200, before the mixed material is pelletized, the air flow velocity of the fluidized bed is controlled to be less than 0.05m/S, so that the mixed material can be fluidized, but is not entrained by the air flow.
As a preferable embodiment of the method of the present invention, in step S300, after the start of the spheronization of the mixture, the flow velocity of the fluidized bed is controlled to be 0.1m/S to 0.5m/S, for example, 0.1m/S, 0.2m/S, 0.3m/S, 0.4m/S or 0.5 m/S. When the particles are spherical but the particle size needs to be controlled, the steam/hot air input is increased to make the fluidizing gas velocity reach 0.1 m/s-0.5 m/s. The particles are driven to be discharged from the bed, either from the bottom of the gasifier or by overflow.
The additive containing calcium and magnesium natural mineral powder such as dolomite, etc. has an addition amount of 20-50% of the mass of the fly ash, and an addition amount of water of 8-12% of the mass of the fly ash. The gas velocity of the fluidized bed is controlled within 0.05m/s before the introduction amount of the atomized water reaches the balling, so that the mixed material is fluidized, but is not entrained by the gas flow. When the particles are spherical but the particle size needs to be controlled, the steam/hot air input is increased to make the fluidizing gas velocity reach 0.1 m/s-0.5 m/s. The particles are driven to be discharged from the bed, either from the bottom of the gasifier or by overflow.
As a preferred embodiment of the process of the invention, the temperature of the fluidized bed is maintained at 80 ℃ to 180 ℃, for example at 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃ or 180 ℃. Calcium ions or magnesium ions react with an alkali metal catalyst in the fly ash in a steam atmosphere, and all alkali metals are converted into water-soluble alkali metal salts, such as hydroxide or carbonate, so that the fly ash has high catalytic activity and reaction rate.
In the fly ash forming process, the calcium and magnesium-containing natural mineral such as dolomite not only serves as a binder, but also has the digestion and replacement functions. At 80-180 deg.c, calcium ion or magnesium ion reacts with alkali metal catalyst in flyash in steam atmosphere. The alkali metal is completely converted into water-soluble alkali metal salt such as hydroxide or carbonate, and the formed fly ash raw material has higher catalytic gasification activity and faster reaction rate.
As a preferred technical scheme of the method, in the step S100, the particle size of the mixed material particles with the mass fraction of more than 50 percent in the mixed material is less than 15 μm, so that the surfaces of the particles can be better covered by adsorbed water and film water.
As a preferable technical scheme of the method, the method further comprises a step S400 of conveying the mixed material particles discharged in the step S300 to a gasification furnace for gasification reaction.
The granulated fly ash is conveyed to a catalytic gasification furnace to react at 700-800 ℃, and the ash after the reaction can be washed by water to recover the alkali metal catalyst in the ash because the alkali metal catalyst exists in a soluble form.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated in detail by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed methods, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must rely on the above detailed methods for its implementation. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, introducing the gasified fly ash and mineral powder containing calcium and magnesium into a fluidized bed, and under the fluidization of a fluidizing medium, enabling the mineral powder to be in a fluidized state, so that the mineral powder and the gasified fly ash are uniformly mixed to form a mixed material, and calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the mineral powder completely react with water vapor in fluidized gas to be converted into calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide;
s200, spraying water into the fluidized bed to enable the surfaces of the mixed material particles to be covered by adsorbed water and film water, so that the mixed material begins to form balls after being soaked in maximum molecular bound water;
s300, adjusting the airflow of the fluidized bed to discharge the mixed material particles after the mixed material particles reach the preset size.
2. The catalytic gasification fly ash utilization method of claim 1, wherein, in step S100, the mineral powder comprises dolomite, limestone or magnesite.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the mineral powder added is 20 to 50 mass% of the gasification fly ash in step S100.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S200, the amount of water added is 8 to 12% by mass of the gasified fly ash.
5. The method for utilizing fly ash through catalytic gasification of claim 1, wherein in step S200, the air velocity of the fluidized bed is controlled to be less than 0.05m/S before the mixture is pelletized.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the velocity of the fluidized bed gas is controlled to be 0.1m/S to 0.5m/S after the start of the balling of the mixed material in step S300.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed temperature is maintained at 80-180 ℃, and calcium ions or magnesium ions react with the alkali metal catalyst in the fly ash in a steam atmosphere, thereby converting the alkali metal into a water-soluble alkali metal salt.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S100, the particle size of more than 50% of the mixed material particles is less than 15 μm.
9. The method for utilizing catalytic gasification fly ash according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a step S400 of transferring the mixed material particles discharged in the step S300 to a gasification furnace for gasification reaction.
10. A catalytic gasification system, characterized in that the method of utilization of catalytic gasification fly ash according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied.
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CN110373230A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method that fluidized gasification flying dust returns furnace gas |
CN110760343A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-07 | 武汉丰盈能源技术工程有限公司 | Method for reducing tar content in biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace synthesis gas |
CN113462434A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification method and system with fly ash regasification function |
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JPS58113293A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-07-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for gasification of coal and melting of reduced iron |
DE3244123A1 (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-05-30 | Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Device for preparing a granulated product |
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CN110373230A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-25 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method that fluidized gasification flying dust returns furnace gas |
CN110760343A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-07 | 武汉丰盈能源技术工程有限公司 | Method for reducing tar content in biomass fluidized bed gasification furnace synthesis gas |
CN113462434A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification method and system with fly ash regasification function |
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