CN110818389A - Method for recovering sodium by preparing hollow ceramic microspheres from red mud - Google Patents
Method for recovering sodium by preparing hollow ceramic microspheres from red mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN110818389A CN110818389A CN201911248853.6A CN201911248853A CN110818389A CN 110818389 A CN110818389 A CN 110818389A CN 201911248853 A CN201911248853 A CN 201911248853A CN 110818389 A CN110818389 A CN 110818389A
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- red mud
- sodium
- ceramic microspheres
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- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052840 fayalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
- C04B33/1322—Red mud
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/02—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/323—Burning methods involving melting, fusion or softening
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/95—Products characterised by their size, e.g. microceramics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing low-density high-strength hollow ceramic microspheres and recovering sodium, wherein the hollow ceramic microspheres are prepared from red mud which is a residue in alumina production, and the residue contains silicon dioxide, iron oxides, sodium oxide, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide. The red mud powder added with 0-15% of biomass is melted and injected by a modified flame spray gun; the biomass improves the balling property of the red mud and forms reducing atmosphere, and promotes the formation of hollow ceramic microspheres and the separation and recovery of sodium; blowing to obtain hollow microsphere with particle size of 6-30um, and separating and recovering sodium. The invention makes full use of red mud to prepare resources, prepares the ceramic hollow microspheres with high strength and low density by a simple, high-efficiency and energy-saving method, and separates and recovers sodium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical secondary resource utilization and inorganic nonmetallic functional materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing red mud, preparing hollow ceramic microspheres and recovering sodium.
Technical Field
The hollow ceramic microsphere is a magnetic hollow inorganic non-metallic sphere, and has the advantages of fine particles, hollowness, light weight, high temperature resistance and the like. It has wide application prospect: the hollow microspheres have the advantages of large specific surface area, low density, easy dispersion, controllable appearance and the like, and are widely applied; has wide prospect in the aspects of sewage purification, catalyst, carrier of functional material and heat preservation and transportation.
Domestic application of many patents about ceramic hollow microspheres, such as 200810138749.7, 2011201110145156.5 and 201510061293.5; however, the preparation of the microsphere in patent 200810138749.7 requires 10 processes of blending, melting, water quenching, magnetic hollow spheroidization, etc., the preparation process is complicated, and the raw materials need to be re-melted at 1400-1600 ℃, so that the energy consumption is high, and the actual industrial production process is not favorable for obtaining high economic benefit. In patent 201110145156.5, the particle size of the produced microspheres is 0.2-5mm, the particle size variation range is large, the difference between the maximum particle size and the minimum particle size is 25 times, and the strength and density difference of the microspheres with different particle sizes is large, so that the ceramic magnetic hollow microspheres prepared by the method have some defects in practical application. In patent 201310613228.3, the preparation of microbeads requires the processes of blending, ball milling, sucrose addition and the like, and has the disadvantage that manual blending cannot ensure that various substances are uniformly dispersed on powder, which finally results in unstable structure and large morphology change of the hollow microspheres. The method for preparing the magnetic hollow microspheres from the patent CN201410252280 (a surface modification liquid for hollow ceramic microsphere wave-absorbing materials), the patent CNIO2993781A (a magnetic nano ferroferric oxide modified hollow glass microsphere) and the patent 01127074.8 (preparation method of light composite hollow metal microspheres) is to obtain magnetic substances on the hollow microspheres by a chemical deposition method, and the magnetic substances are obtained on the basis of the original hollow microspheres.
The above patents have made research and research on the preparation principle and preparation technology, and have made certain progress, but these preparation methods have the following problems in different degrees:
1. remelting raw materials for preparing the hollow microspheres is needed, so that the energy consumption is high, and the preparation cost is high; 2. raw materials added in the preparation of the hollow microsphere need to be smelted into a molten state, gas-forming substances added in the preparation process are decomposed in the smelting process, so that the components are unstable, the gas-forming substances are unevenly distributed due to blowing, the hollow structure and the shape of the hollow microsphere are influenced, and the generation rate of the hollow microsphere is low; 3. the chemical deposition process is complex, and meanwhile, the magnetic sediment has low cohesive force, uneven deposition, easy falling and unstable performance, so that the cost is further increased, and the industrial popularization is difficult; 4. the difference in particle size of the microbeads is large due to melting.
Therefore, the development of a magnetic hollow ceramic ball with high strength and low density which can meet the practical application is a problem to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing hollow ceramic microspheres from red mud to recover sodium, which is efficient and energy-saving.
The invention relates to a method for recovering sodium by preparing hollow ceramic microspheres from red mud, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drying wet red mud serving as an original base material to a certain water content;
(2) adding biomass raw materials in different proportions into red mud with certain water content, grinding and uniformly mixing in a wet state, and drying at the same time to obtain red mud mixed powder with the particle size of 20-50 um;
(3) spraying and blowing the red mud mixed powder which is subjected to mixed grinding, drying and uniformly mixing through a flame spraying and melting device;
(4) recovering heat generated by blowing by using a waste heat device and cooling the blown objects;
(5) separating and collecting the hollow ceramic microspheres, the solid ceramic microspheres and the fine powder rich in sodium by using a vortex separator;
(6) the separated and collected sodium is returned to the production flow of the alumina.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the invention converts industrial waste residue and pollutants into products with high added value, which is beneficial to reducing environmental pollution; 2. the red mud is used as the raw material, and has the advantages that alumina and other substances in the raw material are roasted and dissolved out in the production process of alumina, and the residue particles are fine. 3. The added biomass raw material is favorable for decomposition and conversion in the red mud containing sodium oxide, so that the biomass raw material is uniformly distributed in the red mud raw material. 4. The raw materials used in the invention are uniformly distributed with gas generating substances such as metal sulfides, phosphides and the like, and the uniformly distributed gas generating sources are beneficial to obtaining the hollow ceramic microspheres with good structures. 5. The red mud contains a large amount of fayalite and sulfide, has low melting point, low viscosity and good fluidity, and is easy to melt, so that molten drops are easy to form spheres under the action of surface tension. 6. The biomass raw material promotes the decomposition and reduction of sodium in the red mud in the blowing process. 7. The method utilizes industrial waste residues, has simple process, low consumption and high efficiency, and is easy to be used for processing the red mud on a large scale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for preparing hollow ceramic microspheres; FIG. 2 is an SEM image of the resulting hollow ceramic microspheres.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for recovering sodium by preparing hollow ceramic microspheres from red mud, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drying wet red mud serving as an original base material to a certain water content;
(2) adding biomass raw materials in different proportions into red mud with certain water content, grinding and uniformly mixing the raw materials in a wet state by using a ball mill, and drying the raw materials at the same time to obtain red mud mixed powder with the particle size of 20-50 um;
(3) spraying and blowing the red mud mixed powder which is dried and uniformly mixed by ball milling through a flame spraying and melting device;
(4) recovering heat generated by blowing by using a waste heat device and cooling the blown objects;
(5) separating and collecting the hollow ceramic microspheres, the solid ceramic microspheres and the fine powder rich in sodium by using a vortex separator;
(6) the separated and collected sodium-containing substances are returned to the production process of the alumina through component analysis;
wherein the red mud in the step (1) refers to residue in alumina production, and the residue after alumina extraction is generally called red mud and contains SiO2The mass percentage content of the active ingredients is 15-30 percent; al (Al)2O3The mass percentage content of the active ingredients is 15-25 percent; the mass percentage of Fe is 23-30%; the mass percentage of CaO is 5-15%; na (Na)2The mass percentage of O is 5-7.5%, and the water content is 7-9%.
The biomass in the step (2) refers to agricultural product processing residues, crop straws and wood processing residues, the adding amount of the biomass is controlled to be 0-15%, and the particle size is less than 50 um.
Wherein the biomass in the step (2) is added in a wet state with 5-10% of red mud water, and the amount of the red mud is calculated according to a dry state.
Wherein the flame spray-melting device in the step (3) uses compressed air to send powder, the pressure is 0.1-0.15MPa, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen and fuel acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.1-0.15MPa, the feeding speed is 5-50k g/min, and the spray-melting temperature is 2500-3000 ℃.
Wherein, the step (4) utilizes a waste heat device to recover the heat generated by blowing and cool the blown objects.
Wherein, in the step (5), the hollow ceramic microspheres, the solid ceramic microspheres and the fine powder rich in sodium are separated and collected by a vortex separator.
Wherein the sodium in the step (6) exists in the form of sodium carbonate or sodium oxide, and is returned to the production flow of the aluminum oxide for utilization after analysis.
Example 1:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 5%, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 5% of the total amount of the red mud;
2) mixing, grinding and drying the red mud mixture by a ball mill until the particle size reaches 20 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is subjected to meltallizing by a flame spray gun, powder feeding gas is compressed air, the pressure is 0.15MPa, combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.14MPa, fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.11MPa, the feeding speed is 5kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 2500 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 10-20um, and the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-1 um; the content of sodium oxide in the hollow ceramic microspheres is less than 0.5 percent.
Example 2:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 10%, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 10% of the total amount of the red mud;
2) mixing, grinding and drying the red mud mixture by a ball mill until the particle size reaches 35 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is subjected to meltallizing by a flame spray gun, powder feeding gas is compressed air, the pressure is 0.1MPa, combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.15MPa, fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.12MPa, the feeding speed is 10kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 3200 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 16-25um, the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-1um, and the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microsphere is less than 0.4 percent.
Example 3:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 7.5%, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 15% of the total amount of the red mud;
2) mixing, grinding and drying the red mud mixture by a ball mill until the particle size reaches 50 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is subjected to meltallizing by a flame spray gun, powder feeding gas is compressed air, the pressure is 0.1MPa, combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.13MPa, fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.13MPa, the feeding speed is 20kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 2350 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 15-25um, the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-1um, and the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microsphere is less than 0.3 percent.
Example 4:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 5%, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 1% of the total amount of the red mud;
2) mixing, grinding and drying the red mud mixture by a ball mill until the particle size reaches 40 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is sprayed by a flame spray gun in a melting way, powder feeding gas is compressed air, the pressure is 0.15MPa, combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.14MPa, fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.14MPa, and the feeding speed is 30 kg/min;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 17-30um, and the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-1 um; the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microspheres is less than 0.4 percent.
Example 5:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 8%, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 10% of the total amount of the red mud;
2) mixing, grinding and drying the red mud mixture by a ball mill until the particle size reaches 50 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is subjected to meltallizing by a flame spray gun, powder feeding gas is compressed air, the pressure is 0.1MPa, combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.13MPa, fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.15MPa, the feeding speed is 40kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 3200 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 13-22um, and the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-1 um; the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microspheres is less than 0.4 percent.
Example 6:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 8 percent, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 10 percent of the total amount of the red mud
2) Grinding and drying the red mud by using a ball mill until the particle size reaches 20 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is sprayed by a flame spray gun, compressed air is used as powder feeding gas, the pressure is 0.15MPa,
the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.15MPa, the fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.1MPa, the feeding speed is 5kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 2500 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 15-24um, and the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.6-1 um; the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microspheres is less than 0.6 percent.
Example 7:
1) drying the red mud until the water content is 6 percent, and adding a biomass raw material accounting for 7 percent of the total amount of the red mud
2) Grinding and drying the red mud by using a ball mill until the particle size reaches 35 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is sprayed by a flame spray gun, compressed air is used as powder feeding gas, the pressure is 0.1MPa,
the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.15MPa, the fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.1MPa, the feeding speed is 30kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 2750 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 12-24um, and the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-0.9 um; the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microspheres is less than 0.6 percent.
Example 8:
1) drying the red mud to the water content of 7 percent, adding a biomass raw material accounting for 9 percent of the total weight of the red mud
2) Grinding and drying the red mud by using a ball mill until the particle size reaches 50 um;
3) red mud mixture powder is sprayed by a flame spray gun, compressed air is used as powder feeding gas, the pressure is 0.15MPa,
the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the pressure is 0.15MPa, the fuel is acetylene (natural gas), the pressure is 0.1MPa, the feeding speed is 50kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 2500 ℃;
4) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres from the sodium compound by using a vortex separator;
the outer diameter of the obtained hollow ceramic microsphere is 14-24um, and the wall thickness of the hollow microsphere is about 0.5-0.8 um; the content of sodium in the hollow ceramic microspheres is less than 0.6 percent.
Claims (6)
1. A method for recovering sodium by utilizing red mud to prepare hollow ceramic microspheres is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding biomass powder in different proportions into red mud serving as a basic raw material, mixing and grinding the mixture by a ball mill, and uniformly mixing the biomass and the red mud powder of 25-50 um;
(2) introducing steam in the process of mixing and grinding the materials in the ball mill to ensure that the materials are fully contacted, and introducing high-temperature air to ensure that the mixture of the biomass and sodium in the red mud reacts and is dried;
(3) performing meltallizing on the ball-milled and dried mixed powder through a flame spray gun;
(4) cooling the injected material by using a heat recovery device, and recovering waste heat;
(5) separating the hollow ceramic microspheres, the solid ceramic microspheres and the fine powder rich in sodium by using a vortex separation device;
(6) the separated sodium mixture is returned to the alumina production system.
2. The method for recovering sodium by using the red mud as claimed in claim 1, wherein the red mud comprises SiO2、Fe2O3、FeO、Na2O、CaO、Al2O3Etc.; SiO 22The mass percentage content of the active ingredients is 15-30 percent; al (Al)2O3The mass percentage content of the active ingredients is 15-25 percent; the mass percentage of Fe is 23-30%; the mass percentage of CaO is 5-15%; na (Na)2The mass percentage of O is 5-7.5%, and the rest is.
3. The method for recovering sodium from the hollow ceramic microspheres prepared from the red mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the particle size of the red mud biomass mixed powder after being ground and mixed by a ball mill is 20-50 um.
4. The method for preparing hollow ceramic microspheres according to claim 1, wherein the biomass is added in an amount of 0-15% by mass.
5. The method for recovering sodium from hollow ceramic microspheres through red mud according to claim 1, wherein the powder feeding gas of a flame spray gun is compressed air, the pressure is 0.1-0.15MPa, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, the fuel is acetylene or natural gas, the pressure is 0.1-0.15MPa, the feeding speed is 5-50 kg/min, and the meltallizing temperature is 2500-3000 ℃.
6. The method for recovering sodium from the red mud prepared hollow ceramic microspheres of claim 1, wherein the sodium obtained by separation and collection exists in the form of sodium carbonate or sodium oxide.
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| CN113045263A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-29 | 西南石油大学 | Hybrid fiber cement-based foam composite wave-absorbing material and preparation method thereof |
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