CN114805890A - High-elasticity PVC reflective film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-elasticity PVC reflective film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-elasticity PVC (polyvinyl chloride) reflective film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-elasticity PVC reflective film sequentially comprises a second modified resin layer, a PVC film, a first modified resin layer, modified glass beads and a reflective layer, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, coating the first modified resin layer on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-planting layer; placing the bead planting layer at the temperature of 100-130 ℃ for baking for 30-35min, adopting a plant process to spread the modified glass beads on the first modified resin layer, and enabling the modified glass beads to partially sink into the bead planting layer to obtain a PVC bead planting film; s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer; and S3, coating the second modified resin layer on one side of the PET film, attaching the second modified resin layer to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the second modified resin layer on a heat-sealing machine to form a composite film, cooling the composite film, and peeling off the PET film to obtain the high-elasticity reflective film. The reflective film prepared by the invention has high strength, good elasticity and is not easy to tear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of reflective films, in particular to a high-elasticity PVC reflective film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The reflective film is a retroreflective material which can be directly applied by a manufactured film, and can be widely applied to various aspects of life, such as road signs, truck body identification, clothes with a warning function and the like, the bright color of the reflective film can play a warning role for people in daytime, clear and bright light can be reflected to enhance the identification capability of human eyes at night or under the condition of insufficient light, and accidents are effectively avoided. In the prior art, glass beads are paved on a high polymer primary membrane through a bead planting process so that a membrane layer has a light reflecting effect, however, in the bead planting process, the glass beads are easy to roll, collide and rub, so that the glass beads are abraded and cracked. Moreover, the rubbed glass beads are easy to generate static electricity, so that the phenomena of bead carrying, bead stacking and bead floating are caused in the bead planting process, the film layer is repeatedly expanded and contracted under the influence of the change of the environmental temperature, the surface of the reflective film is easy to tear, the mechanical strength is low, and the service life of the reflective film is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a high-elasticity PVC reflective film and a preparation method thereof, and the prepared reflective film has high strength, good elasticity and is not easy to tear.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-elasticity PVC reflective film comprises a second modified resin layer, a PVC film, a first modified resin layer, modified glass beads and a reflective layer in sequence, and comprises the following steps:
s1, coating the first modified resin layer on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-planting layer; placing the bead planting layer at the temperature of 100-;
s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer;
and S3, coating the second modified resin layer on one side of the PET film, attaching the second modified resin layer to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the second modified resin layer on a heat-sealing machine to form a composite film, cooling the composite film, and peeling off the PET film to obtain the high-elasticity reflective film.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified glass bead comprises the following steps:
mixing the glass beads, 75% by volume of ammonia water, KH570 coupling agent and 75% by volume of ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2:8, magnetically stirring for 12-14h, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified glass beads.
Preferably, the first modified resin layer is made of a modified epoxy resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified epoxy resin solution comprises the following steps:
s11, mixing epoxy resin, D-sorbitol, KH570 coupling agent and 75% volume fraction ethanol solution, and magnetically stirring for 24-36h at a rotation speed of 200r/min under the nitrogen protection vacuum-pumping environment to obtain epoxy resin solution;
s12, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the epoxy resin solution obtained in the step S11, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified epoxy resin solution.
Preferably, the weight part ratio of the epoxy resin, the D-sorbitol, the KH570 coupling agent and the ethanol solution is 1:2:1:10, and the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the epoxy resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
Preferably, the second modified resin layer is made of a modified acrylic resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified acrylic resin solution comprises the following steps:
s31, stirring polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water at 90-95 ℃ for 12-24h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain polyvinyl alcohol solution;
s32, adding 55% volume fraction of acetic acid solution and glutaraldehyde into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step S31, stirring for 5-20min, then adding acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate, and stirring for 40-50min to obtain an acrylic resin solution;
s33, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the acrylic resin solution obtained in the step S32 to obtain a modified acrylic resin solution.
Preferably, the weight part ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the deionized water, the acetic acid solution, the glutaraldehyde, the acrylic resin, the PEG4000 and the ethyl acetate is 1:20:10:0.2:4:2:6, and the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofiber, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the acrylic resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of the second modified resin layer, the PVC film and the first modified resin layer is 1:100: 1.
Preferably, the thickness of the PVC film is 200-300 μm.
Preferably, the thickness of the reflective layer is 4-8 nm.
The invention also provides a high-elasticity PVC reflective film prepared by the preparation method.
The graphene oxide is modified on the surface of the carbon fiber, so that the specific surface area of the fiber can be effectively improved, more contact sites with resin are provided on the surface of the fiber, the interface performance of the carbon fiber composite material is enhanced, grooves and micro defects on the surfaces of the carbon fiber and the resin can be filled by the graphene oxide, the tensile strength of the resin is improved, and under the action of stress, the stronger interface phase and strength can limit and block the movement of a molecular chain segment of the resin layer along the interface direction, so that the bending modulus and the elastic modulus of the reflecting film are improved.
The modified glass beads are more compact in structure and good in light transmission, the modified glass beads are embedded into the modified resin layer to form a molecular network structure, the bundling property of the modified resin layer and the modified glass beads can be enhanced, the modified resin layer and the modified glass beads are not prone to fracture and slip under the action of external force, stress can be effectively transmitted on an interface when the reflective film is subjected to external load, the surface performance of the reflective film is improved, the surface energy is reduced, surface adsorption is reduced, and the mechanical property and the glossiness of the reflective film are improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the starting materials and equipment of the present invention are commercially available and are not specifically described, wherein the starting materials of the present invention are commercially available and are well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
a high-elasticity PVC reflective film sequentially comprises a second modified resin layer, a PVC film, a first modified resin layer, modified glass beads and a reflective layer. Wherein the thickness ratio of the second modified resin layer to the PVC film to the first modified resin layer is 1:100: 1; the thickness of the PVC film is 300 mu m; the thickness of the reflecting layer is 8 nm; the first modified resin layer is a modified epoxy resin layer; the second modified resin layer is a modified acrylic resin layer.
A preparation method of a high-elasticity PVC reflective film comprises the following steps:
s1, coating the modified epoxy resin solution on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-planting layer; baking the bead planting layer at 130 ℃ for 35min, paving modified glass beads on a first modified resin layer formed by a modified epoxy resin solution by adopting a plant process, and immersing the modified glass beads into the bead planting layer to obtain a PVC bead planting film;
s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer;
s3, coating the modified acrylic resin solution on one side of the PET film, attaching the PET film to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the PET film to form a composite film on a heat-sealing machine, and peeling off the PET film after the composite film is cooled to obtain the high-elasticity reflective film.
The preparation method of the modified glass beads comprises the following steps:
mixing the glass microspheres, 75% by volume of ammonia water, KH570 coupling agent and 75% by volume of ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2:8, magnetically stirring for 14h, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified glass microspheres.
The first modified resin layer is prepared from a modified epoxy resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified epoxy resin solution comprises the following steps:
s11, mixing epoxy resin, D-sorbitol, KH570 coupling agent and 75% volume fraction ethanol solution, and magnetically stirring for 36h at a rotating speed of 200r/min under the nitrogen protection vacuum-pumping environment to obtain epoxy resin solution; wherein the weight ratio of the epoxy resin, the D-sorbitol, the KH570 coupling agent and the ethanol solution is 1:2:1: 10;
s12, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the epoxy resin solution obtained in the step S11, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified epoxy resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the epoxy resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
The second modified resin layer is prepared from a modified acrylic resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified acrylic resin solution comprises the following steps:
s31, stirring polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water at 95 ℃ for 24 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain polyvinyl alcohol solution;
s32, adding 55% by volume of acetic acid solution and glutaraldehyde into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step S31, stirring for 20min, then adding acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate, and stirring for 50min to obtain an acrylic resin solution; wherein the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, deionized water, acetic acid solution, glutaraldehyde, acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate is 1:20:10:0.2:4:2: 6;
s33, adding the carbon nanofibers, sodium dodecyl sulfate and graphene oxide into the acrylic resin solution obtained in the step S32 to obtain a modified acrylic resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the acrylic resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
Example 2:
a high-elasticity PVC reflective film sequentially comprises a second modified resin layer, a PVC film, a first modified resin layer, modified glass beads and a reflective layer. Wherein the thickness ratio of the second modified resin layer to the PVC film to the first modified resin layer is 1:100: 1; the thickness of the PVC film is 200 mu m; the thickness of the reflecting layer is 4 nm; the first modified resin layer is a modified epoxy resin layer; the second modified resin layer is a modified acrylic resin layer.
A preparation method of a high-elasticity PVC reflective film comprises the following steps:
s1, coating the modified epoxy resin solution on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-planting layer; baking the bead planting layer at 100 ℃ for 30min, paving modified glass beads on a first modified resin layer formed by a modified epoxy resin solution by adopting a plant process, and immersing the modified glass beads into the bead planting layer to obtain a PVC bead planting film;
s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer;
s3, coating the modified acrylic resin solution on one side of the PET film, attaching the PET film to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the PET film to form a composite film on a heat-sealing machine, and peeling off the PET film after the composite film is cooled to obtain the high-elasticity reflective film.
The preparation method of the modified glass beads comprises the following steps:
mixing the glass microspheres, 75% by volume of ammonia water, KH570 coupling agent and 75% by volume of ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2:8, magnetically stirring for 12h, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified glass microspheres.
The first modified resin layer is prepared from a modified epoxy resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified epoxy resin solution comprises the following steps:
s11, mixing epoxy resin, D-sorbitol, KH570 coupling agent and 75% volume fraction ethanol solution, and magnetically stirring for 24h at a rotating speed of 200r/min under the nitrogen protection vacuum-pumping environment to obtain epoxy resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the epoxy resin, the D-sorbitol, the KH570 coupling agent and the ethanol solution is 1:2:1: 10.
S12, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the epoxy resin solution obtained in the step S11, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified epoxy resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the epoxy resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
The second modified resin layer is prepared from a modified acrylic resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified acrylic resin solution comprises the following steps:
s31, stirring polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water at 90 ℃ for 12 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain polyvinyl alcohol solution;
s32, adding 55% by volume of acetic acid solution and glutaraldehyde into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step S31, stirring for 5min, then adding acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate, and stirring for 40min to obtain an acrylic resin solution; wherein the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, deionized water, acetic acid solution, glutaraldehyde, acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate is 1:20:10:0.2:4:2: 6;
s33, adding the carbon nanofibers, sodium dodecyl sulfate and graphene oxide into the acrylic resin solution obtained in the step S32 to obtain a modified acrylic resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the acrylic resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
Example 3:
a high-elasticity PVC reflective film sequentially comprises a second modified resin layer, a PVC film, a first modified resin layer, modified glass beads and a reflective layer. Wherein the thickness ratio of the second modified resin layer to the PVC film to the first modified resin layer is 1:100: 1; the thickness of the PVC film is 250 μm; the thickness of the reflecting layer is 6 nm; the first modified resin layer is a modified epoxy resin layer; the second modified resin layer is a modified acrylic resin layer.
A preparation method of a high-elasticity PVC reflective film comprises the following steps:
s1, coating the modified epoxy resin solution on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-planting layer; baking the bead planting layer at 120 ℃ for 32min, paving modified glass beads on a first modified resin layer formed by a modified epoxy resin solution by adopting a plant process, and immersing the modified glass beads into the bead planting layer to obtain a PVC bead planting film;
s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer;
s3, coating the modified acrylic resin solution on one side of the PET film, attaching the PET film to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the PET film to form a composite film on a heat-sealing machine, and peeling off the PET film after the composite film is cooled to obtain the high-elasticity reflective film.
The preparation method of the modified glass beads comprises the following steps:
mixing the glass beads, 75% by volume of ammonia water, KH570 coupling agent and 75% by volume of ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2:8, magnetically stirring for 13h, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified glass beads.
The first modified resin layer is prepared from a modified epoxy resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified epoxy resin solution comprises the following steps:
s11, mixing epoxy resin, D-sorbitol, KH570 coupling agent and 75% volume fraction ethanol solution, and magnetically stirring for 30h at a rotating speed of 200r/min under the nitrogen protection vacuum-pumping environment to obtain epoxy resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the epoxy resin, the D-sorbitol, the KH570 coupling agent and the ethanol solution is 1:2:1: 10;
s12, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the epoxy resin solution obtained in the step S11, and uniformly stirring to obtain a modified epoxy resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the epoxy resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
The second modified resin layer is prepared from a modified acrylic resin solution, and the preparation method of the modified acrylic resin solution comprises the following steps:
s31, stirring polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water at 92 ℃ for 18h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain polyvinyl alcohol solution;
s32, adding 55% by volume of acetic acid solution and glutaraldehyde into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step S31, stirring for 10min, then adding acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate, and stirring for 45min to obtain acrylic resin solution; wherein the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol, deionized water, acetic acid solution, glutaraldehyde, acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate is 1:20:10:0.2:4:2: 6;
s33, adding the carbon nanofibers, sodium dodecyl sulfate and graphene oxide into the acrylic resin solution obtained in the step S32 to obtain a modified acrylic resin solution; wherein the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the acrylic resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
Comparative example 1:
comparative example 1 has substantially the same composition as example 1, except that the resin and glass beads are not modified, specifically:
the PVC reflective film sequentially comprises a second resin layer, a PVC film, a first resin layer, glass beads and a reflective layer. Wherein the thickness ratio of the second resin layer to the PVC film to the first resin layer is 1:100: 1; the thickness of the PVC film is 300 mu m; the thickness of the reflecting layer is 8 nm; the first resin layer is an epoxy resin layer, and the second resin layer is an acrylic resin layer.
A preparation method of a PVC reflective film comprises the following steps:
s1, coating and arranging the epoxy resin solution on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-implanted layer; baking the bead planting layer at 130 ℃ for 35min, paving glass beads on a first resin layer formed by an epoxy resin solution by adopting a plant process, and immersing part of the glass beads in the bead planting layer to obtain a PVC bead planting film;
s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer;
s3, coating an acrylic resin solution on one side of the PET film, attaching the PET film to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the PET film on a heat-sealing machine to form a composite film, and peeling off the PET film after the composite film is cooled to obtain the reflecting film.
The reflective films of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, comparative example 1 and commercially available Wenzhou bright Bright packaging Co., Ltd were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Gloss: the test was carried out using a photoelectric gloss meter.
Tear resistance test: and testing by adopting a tearing tester.
And (3) testing tensile elongation at break and tensile strength: and testing by using a tensile testing machine. .
TABLE 1 test data for examples 1-3, commercially available retroreflective sheeting, and comparative examples 1-2
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Commercially available reflective film |
| Degree of gloss | 116 | 114 | 110 | 73 | 89 |
| Tear Strength/N | 224 | 207 | 203 | 122 | 160 |
| Elongation at break% | 264.56 | 214.72 | 238.83 | 85.65 | 142.87 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 145 | 131 | 143 | 82 | 113 |
As can be seen from the above table, the gloss, tear, tensile elongation and tensile strength of the retroreflective films obtained in examples 1-3 were all higher than those of comparative example 1 and the commercial retroreflective film.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-elasticity PVC reflective film is characterized by comprising a second modified resin layer, a PVC film, a first modified resin layer, modified glass beads and a reflective layer in sequence, wherein the preparation method of the high-elasticity PVC reflective film comprises the following steps:
s1, coating the first modified resin layer on one side of the PVC film to obtain a bead-planting layer; placing the bead planting layer at the temperature of 100-;
s2, plating a layer of metal aluminum with the purity of 99.99 percent on the non-bead-planted side of the PVC bead planting film obtained in the step S1 to form a reflecting layer;
and S3, coating the second modified resin layer on one side of the PET film, attaching the second modified resin layer to the reflecting layer in the step S2, hot-pressing the second modified resin layer on a heat-sealing machine to form a composite film, cooling the composite film, and peeling off the PET film to obtain the high-elasticity reflective film.
2. The method for preparing a high-elasticity PVC reflective film according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the modified glass beads comprises the following steps:
mixing the glass beads, 75% by volume of ammonia water, KH570 coupling agent and 75% by volume of ethanol according to the weight ratio of 1:3:2:8, magnetically stirring for 12-14h, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the modified glass beads.
3. The method for preparing a highly elastic PVC reflective film according to claim 1, wherein the first modified resin layer is prepared using a modified epoxy resin solution, and the method for preparing the modified epoxy resin solution comprises the steps of:
s11, mixing epoxy resin, D-sorbitol, KH570 coupling agent and 75% volume fraction ethanol solution, and magnetically stirring for 24-36h at a rotation speed of 200r/min under the nitrogen protection vacuum-pumping environment to obtain epoxy resin solution;
s12, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the epoxy resin solution obtained in the step S11, and uniformly stirring to obtain the modified epoxy resin solution.
4. The method for preparing the high-elasticity PVC reflective film according to claim 3, wherein the weight part ratio of the epoxy resin, the D-sorbitol, the KH570 coupling agent and the ethanol solution is 1:2:1:10, and the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the epoxy resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
5. The method for preparing a highly elastic PVC reflective film according to claim 1, wherein the second modified resin layer is prepared using a modified acrylic resin solution, the method for preparing the modified acrylic resin solution comprising the steps of:
s31, stirring polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water at 90-95 ℃ for 12-24h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain polyvinyl alcohol solution;
s32, adding 55% volume fraction of acetic acid solution and glutaraldehyde into the polyvinyl alcohol solution obtained in the step S31, stirring for 5-20min, then adding acrylic resin, PEG4000 and ethyl acetate, and stirring for 40-50min to obtain an acrylic resin solution;
s33, adding the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the graphene oxide into the acrylic resin solution obtained in the step S32 to obtain a modified acrylic resin solution.
6. The method for preparing the high-elasticity PVC reflective film according to claim 5, wherein the weight part ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol, the deionized water, the acetic acid solution, the glutaraldehyde, the acrylic resin, the PEG4000 and the ethyl acetate is 1:20:10:0.2:4:2:6, and the weight part ratio of the carbon nanofibers, the sodium dodecyl sulfate, the graphene oxide and the acrylic resin solution is 1:3:1: 10.
7. The method of preparing a highly elastic PVC reflective film according to claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the second modified resin layer, the PVC film and the first modified resin layer is 1:100: 1.
8. The method for preparing high elasticity PVC reflective film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the PVC film is 200-300 μm.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the reflective layer is 4-8 nm.
10. A highly elastic PVC reflective film obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN115534371A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-30 | 泉州三维反光材料科技有限公司 | Preparation process of reflective material and automatic production line thereof |
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| CN114805890B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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