CN114803734A - Ship shore power cable management system and method - Google Patents
Ship shore power cable management system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114803734A CN114803734A CN202210607845.1A CN202210607845A CN114803734A CN 114803734 A CN114803734 A CN 114803734A CN 202210607845 A CN202210607845 A CN 202210607845A CN 114803734 A CN114803734 A CN 114803734A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
- B65H75/44—Constructional details
- B65H75/4481—Arrangements or adaptations for driving the reel or the material
- B65H75/4486—Electric motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
- B65H75/44—Constructional details
- B65H75/4402—Guiding arrangements to control paying-out and re-storing of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
- B65H75/44—Constructional details
- B65H75/4457—Arrangements of the frame or housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
- B65H2701/34—Handled filamentary material electric cords or electric power cables
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- Storing, Repeated Paying-Out, And Re-Storing Of Elongated Articles (AREA)
- Flexible Shafts (AREA)
Abstract
A ship shore power cable management system and method comprises a cable, a support, a reel, a cable guide frame, a feed mechanism, a driving system and a control box, wherein the reel is freely rotatably installed on the support, the cable is wound on the reel, the cable guide frame, the feed mechanism, the driving system and the control box are installed on a base of the support, the driving system comprises a motor and a constant-torque reduction box, and the constant-torque reduction box comprises a box body. The invention has simple and reliable structure, can output constant torque, has simple and convenient output torque adjustment and high precision, and the cable joint is far away from the ship body and convenient for wiring operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship shore power, in particular to a ship shore power cable management system and method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of shipping industry, the number of ships berthing at ports is also rapidly increased, and after a ship is stopped and berthed, in order to ensure the basic operation of the ship and the smoothness of loading and unloading goods, the engine of the ship cannot be extinguished, an auxiliary generator on the ship is required to continuously generate power, and along with the booming of a high-power auxiliary diesel engine, a large amount of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxysulfide, nitric oxide and absorbable particulate matters are discharged into the air, so that air pollution is caused. Meanwhile, the motor sound generated by the bombing of the diesel generator also brings huge noise pollution to port areas. The harbor berthing ship in the harbor district uses a shore power supply, which is not only the development direction of harbor construction, but also has undoubted significance for protecting the environment of the harbor district and the urban district. The auxiliary generator is turned off by the ship, so that the vibration and noise of the ship are reduced, the quality of the life and working environment of a crew is improved, and convenient conditions are provided for engine maintenance of the ship during docking. It also has positive effect on the aspect of ships.
The ship shore power winch is a cable management system for supplying power to a ship when the ship arrives at a port, and the ship shore power winch is connected with a ship side and a shore side through cables to realize that the ship uses an onshore power supply. Along with loading and unloading of cargos in a harbor by a ship, the draught of the ship is constantly changed, if shore power needs to be supplied to the ship, the function that a power supply cable can change along with the change of the draught of the ship needs to be solved, and therefore the ship shore power cable management system is derived.
A marine shore power cable management system is an onboard cable hoist designed to manage and connect the cables of a ship to a land-based power supply when the ship is moored at a dock. So that the ship can turn off its generator, thereby greatly reducing noise and air pollution. The existing ship shore power cable management system comprises a cable, a support, a reel, a cable guide frame, a feed mechanism, a driving system, a control box, a junction box and the like.
For example, the patent of the invention named as a marine shore power cable winding and unwinding device and having the application number of 201410570984.7 is disclosed by the national intellectual property office, and the invention discloses a marine shore power cable management system which consists of a cable, a bracket, a reel, a cable guide frame, a feed mechanism, a driving system and a control box. In the prior art, the output torque of the ship shore power cable management system is changed greatly, and the cable is easy to damage; in the prior art, reduction boxes capable of outputting constant torque are inconvenient to adjust and cannot be accurately controlled in the using process; the operation is troublesome when the torque is adjusted, and safety accidents are easy to cause; the structure of the cable guide frame only realizes that the cable is led out of the ship body, the cable joint at the lower end of the cable is very close to the ship body, so that the cable guide frame is inconvenient for workers to drag a line, and particularly, safety accidents are easy to generate when storms and ships are unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a ship shore power cable management system and method which are simple and reliable in structure, capable of outputting constant torque, simple and convenient in output torque adjustment, high in precision, far away from a ship body in a cable joint and convenient in wiring operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the defects of the prior art is as follows:
a ship shore power cable management system comprises a cable, a support, a reel, a cable guide frame, a feeding mechanism, a driving system and a control box, wherein the reel is freely rotatably installed on the support, the cable is wound on the reel, and the cable guide frame, the feeding mechanism, the driving system and the control box are installed on a base of the support; a first bearing cover and a second bearing cover are symmetrically arranged on the box body along a second direction (vertical to the first direction), a second transmission shaft is rotatably arranged between the first bearing cover and the second bearing cover, a pressure adjusting plate, an elastic pushing mechanism, a first friction disc, a worm wheel, a second friction disc and a reduction pinion are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft, the pressure adjusting plate is in threaded connection with the second transmission shaft, the elastic pushing mechanism, the first friction disc (key connection capable of axially sliding) and the worm wheel (through a bearing) are movably sleeved, and the second friction disc and the reduction pinion are fixedly (connected) sleeved; the worm wheel is clamped between the first friction disc and the second friction disc, the first transmission shaft drives the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the second transmission shaft to rotate under the action of a certain friction force, so that the reduction pinion is driven to rotate, and the worm wheel and the worm are matched to enable the motor to generate self-locking when the motor is powered off and stopped so as to prevent the motor from excessively rotating; a third transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the box body along a second direction, a large reduction gear meshed with a small reduction gear is fixedly sleeved on the third transmission shaft, the small reduction gear transmits power to the large reduction gear to drive the third transmission shaft to rotate, an output chain wheel is arranged on the third transmission shaft on the outer side of the box body, and the output chain wheel is connected with the reel through a transmission chain; when the load exceeds the set torque of the reduction gearbox, the worm wheel, the first friction disc and the second friction disc on the two sides of the worm wheel generate sliding friction, so that the cables are prevented from being damaged; the outer edge of the pressure adjusting disc is provided with first teeth at intervals along the circumferential direction, the position of the pressure adjusting disc on the second transmission shaft is adjusted through a torque adjusting mechanism, the torque adjusting mechanism comprises a cylinder, an adjusting gear, a nut and a bearing, the outer wall of the cylinder is fixedly sleeved with the adjusting gear, the second teeth of the adjusting gear are meshed with the first teeth of the pressure adjusting disc, the outer wall of the cylinder on one side of the adjusting gear is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing, and the nut is fixed on the end face of the cylinder close to the bearing; the box body is provided with an opening along the second direction, and the torque adjusting mechanism can be arranged on the opening; when the output torque needs to be adjusted, the torque adjusting mechanism is inserted into the opening of the box body, so that the second teeth of the adjusting gear are meshed with the first teeth of the pressure adjusting disc inside the reduction box, the wrench is used for rotating the external hexagon nut, the adjusting gear drives the pressure adjusting disc to rotate, the pressure adjusting gear is in threaded connection with the second transmission shaft, and the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the pressure adjusting disc can be adjusted.
The structure of the cable guide frame is as follows: the base of the support in front of the reel is provided with two parallel rectangular guide rails, the opposite sides of the two rectangular guide rails are provided with slideways, an installation sliding seat capable of sliding back and forth is arranged in each slideway, the upper side of the installation sliding seat is provided with a hinged seat, a cable guide cantilever is hinged on the hinged seat, a retracting and releasing oil cylinder is hinged on the rectangular guide rail (one side of each slideway) behind the installation sliding seat, a piston rod of the retracting and releasing oil cylinder is hinged with the cable guide cantilever (above a hinged shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinged seat), and the retracting and releasing oil cylinder can drive the cable guide cantilever to swing around the hinged shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinged seat; the upper parts of the front sides of two parallel rectangular guide rails are respectively provided with a wedge-shaped limiting guide block which inclines upwards from back to front, guide sliding strips matched with the wedge-shaped limiting guide block are arranged on two sides of a guide cable cantilever, the front end of each guide sliding strip is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface matched with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, after the arc-shaped guide surfaces are contacted with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, the guide cable cantilever moves forwards, the arc-shaped guide surfaces are matched with the inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped limiting guide blocks to push the guide cable cantilever to swing upwards around a hinged shaft between the guide cable cantilever and a hinged base, and when the lower side surface of each guide sliding strip is positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, the guide cable cantilever stretches forwards and is flat; two rectangular guide rails on the rear side of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block are respectively provided with a locking hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of each locking hydraulic cylinder can extend out of the slide way, the installation slide seat is provided with a locking jack matched with the piston rod of each locking hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of each locking hydraulic cylinder extends into the slide way and is inserted into the locking jack to lock the installation slide seat in the front-back direction.
A limit stop block is arranged in a slide way at the rear side of the locking hydraulic cylinder. When the mounting sliding seat slides backwards to be in contact with the limit stop, the piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder is opposite to the locking jack, so that the insertion operation is facilitated. The retraction hydraulic cylinder is a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, and the locking hydraulic cylinder and the retraction hydraulic cylinder can control the extension of the piston rod after being connected with the hydraulic system through the controller.
The two opposite sides of the two rectangular guide rails are respectively hinged with a retracting oil cylinder, and the front ends of piston rods of the two retracting oil cylinders are respectively hinged with two sides of the guide cable cantilever. The cable guide cantilever can be inclined downwards by 20-45 degrees from back to front between two rectangular guide rails.
The cable is led out from the reel and passes through the wire hole at the front end of the cable guide cantilever and then is connected with a shore power connector.
The elastic pushing mechanism comprises spring pressure plates and springs, the springs are arranged in a circular array, one ends of the springs are connected with the spring pressure plates, the other ends of the springs are connected with the first friction disc, the pressure adjusting discs adjust the positions of the spring pressure plates, the compression degree of the springs is further adjusted, and therefore the friction force of a worm wheel of the first friction disc is changed.
According to the invention, the first limiting column is arranged on the side surface of the spring pressing plate for mounting the spring, the second limiting column is arranged on the side surface of the first friction disc for mounting the spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively inserted into the first limiting column and the second limiting column.
The box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, and the upper box body and the lower box body are connected through a fastening piece, so that the maintenance is convenient.
A ship shore power cable management method comprises the steps of setting output torque of a constant-torque reduction box according to tensile performance parameters of a shore power cable used by a ship, inserting a torque adjusting mechanism into an opening of a box body, enabling second teeth of an adjusting gear to be meshed with first teeth of a pressure adjusting disc inside the reduction box, rotating an external hexagon nut by using a wrench, driving the pressure adjusting disc to rotate by the adjusting gear, changing the position of the pressure adjusting disc in threaded connection on a second transmission shaft, further changing friction force among a worm gear, a first friction disc and a second friction disc, and changing the output torque of the constant-torque reduction box. When the load exceeds the set torque of the reduction gearbox, the worm wheel, the first friction disc and the second friction disc on two sides of the worm wheel generate sliding friction, and the cable is prevented from being damaged.
Further, when the ship enters a port and stops in a windy and wavy environment, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder retracts from the locking jack, the retracting and releasing oil cylinder pushes the guide cable cantilever forwards (upwards) to drive the installation sliding seat to slide forwards, and the guide cable cantilever extends forwards and straightly until the lower side surface of the guide sliding strip is pushed to be positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block; at the moment, the front end of the cable is farthest away from the side surface of the ship, so that the cable connection personnel can conveniently perform power connection operation; after the cable connection personnel complete the electricity connection, the cable retracting cylinder drags the guide cable cantilever backwards to drive the installation sliding seat to slide backwards, and after the guide sliding strip is separated from the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder extends out and is inserted into the locking jack to lock the installation sliding seat. When the cable is needed, the piston rod of the retracting oil cylinder is pushed forwards to drive the guide cable cantilever to swing around the hinged shaft between the guide cable cantilever and the hinged seat until the lower side of the front part of the guide cable cantilever is attached to a ship board for positioning, so that a stable supporting and guiding effect is provided for the cable. When the cable is retracted, the piston rod of the retracting cylinder drags the cable guide cantilever backwards, so that the cable guide cantilever swings upwards around a hinge shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinge seat until the front end of the cable guide cantilever is retracted into the inner side of the ship board or attached to the reel; compact structure and small occupied space.
Compared with the prior art, the constant-torque reduction gearbox can output constant torque, has a simple and reliable structure, a simple structure for adjusting the torque, convenient operation and high accuracy for adjusting the torque, can adjust the output torque when the reduction gearbox is powered off, and is convenient and safe to adjust. When the ship enters a port and stops under the conditions of wind waves and slight swinging of the ship, the shore power connector can be far away from the side surface of the ship, so that the power connection operation is convenient, and the operation safety is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the lower side surface of the guide slide bar of the present invention positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limit guide block and the guide cable cantilever extending straight forward;
FIG. 3 is a schematic overall perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fairlead according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the constant torque reduction gearbox of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a torque adjustment mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A ship shore power cable management system comprises a cable 3, a support 7, a reel 6, a cable guide frame 2, a feed mechanism, a driving system and a control box, wherein the reel 6 is freely and rotatably arranged on the support 7, the cable 3 is wound on the reel 6, the cable guide frame 2, the feed mechanism, the driving system and the control box are arranged on a base 8 of the support, and the feed mechanism is arranged in the center of the reel and used for power and signal transmission between a rotating reel cable and a fixed cable; the control box is connected with each electric control device and is used for controlling the working state of the management system and collecting corresponding monitoring data, and the feed mechanism, the control box and other components are the same as those in the prior art and are not repeated. The invention is characterized in that the driving system comprises a motor 29 and a constant-torque reduction gearbox 12, the constant-torque reduction gearbox 12 comprises a box body, a partition plate is arranged in the box body, a first transmission shaft 33 is rotatably arranged between the partition plate and the box body along a first direction, the first transmission shaft 33 is a worm, the first transmission shaft 33 is connected with a rotating shaft of the motor 29 arranged outside the box body, and the motor 29 drives the first transmission shaft to rotate; the box body is symmetrically provided with a first bearing cover 37 and a second bearing cover 30 along a second direction (the second direction is a direction vertical to the first direction), a second transmission shaft 32 is rotatably arranged between the first bearing cover 37 and the second bearing cover 30, the outer wall of the second transmission shaft 32 is sequentially sleeved with a pressure adjusting disc 26, an elastic pushing mechanism, a first friction disc 34, a worm wheel 27, a second friction disc 31 and a reduction pinion 28, the pressure adjusting disc is in threaded connection with the second transmission shaft, the elastic pushing mechanism, the first friction disc and the worm wheel (through a bearing) are movably sleeved, as can be seen from the figure, the first friction disc and the second transmission shaft can be in axial sliding key connection, the worm wheel is freely rotatably arranged on the second transmission shaft through the bearing, and the worm wheel and the bearing are in clearance fit, namely, the worm wheel can slide relatively in the radial direction of the bearing; the second friction disc and the reduction pinion are fixedly sleeved and fixedly connected with the second transmission shaft; the worm wheel is clamped between the first friction disc and the second friction disc, the first transmission shaft drives the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the second transmission shaft to rotate under the action of a certain friction force, so that the reduction pinion is driven to rotate, and the worm wheel and the worm are matched to enable the motor to generate self-locking when the motor is powered off and stopped so as to prevent the motor from excessively rotating; a third transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the box body along the second direction, a reduction gear wheel 23 meshed with a reduction pinion 28 is fixedly sleeved on the third transmission shaft 22, the reduction pinion transmits power to the reduction gear wheel 23 to drive the third transmission shaft 22 to rotate, an output chain wheel 21 is arranged on the third transmission shaft on the outer side of the box body, and the output chain wheel 21 is connected with the reel through a transmission chain; when the load exceeds the set torque of the reduction gearbox, the worm wheel, the first friction disc and the second friction disc on the two sides of the worm wheel generate sliding friction, so that the cables are prevented from being damaged; first teeth are circumferentially arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the pressure adjusting disc 26, the position of the pressure adjusting disc 26 on the second transmission shaft is adjusted through a torque adjusting mechanism 24, the torque adjusting mechanism 24 comprises a cylinder, an adjusting gear 38, a nut and a bearing 39, the adjusting gear 38 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder, the second teeth of the adjusting gear are meshed with the first teeth of the pressure adjusting disc, the outer wall of the cylinder on one side of the adjusting gear is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing, and the nut is fixed on the end face of the cylinder close to the bearing; the box body is provided with an opening along the second direction, and the torque adjusting mechanism 24 can be fixedly arranged in the opening through a bearing 29; when the output torque needs to be adjusted, the torque adjusting mechanism is inserted into the opening of the box body, so that the second teeth of the adjusting gear are meshed with the first teeth of the pressure adjusting disc inside the reduction box, the wrench is used for rotating the external hexagon nut, the adjusting gear drives the pressure adjusting disc to rotate, the pressure adjusting gear is in threaded connection with the second transmission shaft, and the forward rotation or reverse rotation of the pressure adjusting disc can be adjusted.
The structure of the cable guide frame is as follows: the base of the support in front of the reel is provided with two parallel rectangular guide rails 10, the opposite sides of the two rectangular guide rails 10 are provided with slide ways 13, as can be seen from the figure, the slide ways 13 are sliding grooves, an installation slide seat 15 capable of sliding back and forth is arranged in the slide ways 13, a hinge seat 16 is arranged on the upper side of the installation slide seat 15, a cable guide cantilever 2 is hinged on the hinge seat 16, a retracting and releasing oil cylinder 9 is hinged on the rectangular guide rail (on one side of the slide ways) behind the installation slide seat, a piston rod of the retracting and releasing oil cylinder 9 is hinged with the cable guide cantilever (above a hinge shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinge seat), and the retracting and releasing oil cylinder can drive the cable guide cantilever to swing around the hinge shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinge seat; the upper parts of the front sides of two parallel rectangular guide rails are respectively provided with a wedge-shaped limiting guide block 4 with the rear side surface inclined upwards from back to front, two sides of a guide cable cantilever are provided with guide sliding strips 5 matched with the wedge-shaped limiting guide block 4, the front end of each guide sliding strip 5 is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface matched with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, after the arc-shaped guide surfaces are contacted with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, the guide cable cantilever moves forwards, the arc-shaped guide surfaces are matched with the inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped limiting guide blocks to push the guide cable cantilever to swing upwards around a hinged shaft between the guide cable cantilever and a hinged seat, and when the lower side surface of each guide sliding strip is positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, the guide cable cantilever stretches forwards and straightly; two rectangular guide rails on the rear side of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block are respectively provided with a locking hydraulic cylinder 11, a piston rod of each locking hydraulic cylinder 11 can extend inwards to form a slide way, a mounting slide seat is provided with a locking jack matched with the piston rod of each locking hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of each locking hydraulic cylinder can be inserted into the locking jack when extending inwards to form the slide way, so that the mounting slide seat is locked in the front-back direction. A limit stop 14 is arranged in the slide way at the rear side of the locking hydraulic cylinder; when the mounting sliding seat slides backwards to be in contact with the limit stop, the piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder is opposite to the locking jack, so that the insertion operation is facilitated. The retraction hydraulic cylinder is a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, and the locking hydraulic cylinder and the retraction hydraulic cylinder can control the extension of the piston rod after being connected with the hydraulic system through the controller.
The two opposite sides of the two rectangular guide rails are respectively hinged with a retracting oil cylinder, and the front ends of piston rods of the two retracting oil cylinders are respectively hinged with two sides of the guide cable cantilever. The cable guide cantilever can be inclined downwards by 20-45 degrees from back to front between two rectangular guide rails. The cable is led out from the reel and passes through a wire hole at the front end of the guide cable cantilever and then is connected with a shore power connector 1. Elasticity pushing mechanism includes spring pressure disk 36 and spring 35, and spring 35 is circular array and arranges, and spring 35's one end is connected with spring pressure disk 36, and the other end is connected with first friction disk 34, and the position of pressure regulating disk regulation spring pressure disk, and then the compression degree of regulating spring to the frictional force of first friction disk worm wheel is changed. The side of the spring pressure plate is provided with a first limiting column, the side of the spring of the first friction disc is provided with a second limiting column, two ends of the spring are respectively inserted on the first limiting column and the second limiting column, the spring is not easy to separate in the using process, and the spring is easy to detach and replace under the action of manpower. The box includes upper box 25 and lower box 20, and upper box 25 and lower box 20 pass through the fastener and connect, the easy access.
The structure of the fairlead cantilever in the invention is as follows: the cable guide roller comprises a guide roller left supporting arm, a guide roller right supporting arm, a group of guide rollers, a cable limiting roller, a supporting arm overturning shaft, an overturning shaft supporting frame and an overturning shaft operating device, wherein the guide roller left supporting arm and the guide roller right supporting arm are arranged in parallel, a left roller connecting plate extends from one end of the guide roller left supporting arm facing the cable limiting roller, a left roller matching cavity is formed in the left roller connecting plate, a left roller is arranged at a position corresponding to the left roller matching cavity, a right roller is arranged at a position corresponding to the right roller matching cavity, a right roller connecting plate extends from one end of the guide roller right supporting arm facing the cable limiting roller, a right roller matching cavity is formed in the right roller connecting plate, a right roller is arranged at a position corresponding to the right roller matching cavity, the group of guide rollers are arranged between the guide roller left supporting arm and the guide roller right supporting arm in an interval state, and each guide roller group of guide rollers is provided with a guide roller shaft, and the left end and the right end of each guide roller shaft are respectively connected with the left guide roller, The right supporting arm is fixed, and the guide roller is sleeved in the middle of the guide roller shaft. The cable limiting roller is arranged between the left and right roller connecting plates at the position corresponding to the front ends of the left and right rollers, the supporting arm overturning shaft is fixed with the left and right supporting arms of the guide roller at the position corresponding to the rear ends of the left and right supporting arms of the guide roller, the left end of the supporting arm overturning shaft extends out of one side of the left supporting arm of the guide roller back to the right supporting arm of the guide roller, the right end of the supporting arm overturning shaft extends out of one side of the right supporting arm of the guide roller back to the left supporting arm of the guide roller, the overturning shaft supporting frame is fixed on the deck of the ship through a screw hole at the lower part of the overturning shaft supporting frame at the position corresponding to one side of the left supporting arm of the guide roller back to the right supporting arm of the guide roller, and is fixed with the left supporting arm of the guide roller at the position corresponding to the screw hole on the left supporting arm of the guide roller by an overturning shaft supporting frame screw, and the left end of the supporting arm overturning shaft is supported on the overturning shaft supporting frame in a rotating way, the overturning shaft operating device is fixed on the deck of the ship at a position corresponding to one side of the guide roller right supporting arm back to the guide roller left supporting arm and corresponds to the overturning shaft supporting frame, and the right end of the supporting arm overturning shaft is in transmission connection with the overturning shaft operating device.
The structure of the guide cable cantilever is the same as the cantilever part of the cable guide mechanism disclosed in the invention patent with the name of marine shore power cable winding and unwinding device and the application number of 201410570984.7, and the description is omitted.
A ship shore power cable management method comprises the steps of setting output torque of a constant-torque reduction box according to tensile performance parameters of a shore power cable used by a ship, inserting a torque adjusting mechanism into an opening of a box body, enabling second teeth of an adjusting gear to be meshed with first teeth of a pressure adjusting disc inside the reduction box, rotating an external hexagon nut by using a wrench, driving the pressure adjusting disc to rotate by the adjusting gear, changing the position of the pressure adjusting disc in threaded connection on a second transmission shaft, further changing friction force among a worm gear, a first friction disc and a second friction disc, and changing the output torque of the constant-torque reduction box. When the load exceeds the set torque of the reduction gearbox, the worm wheel, the first friction disk and the second friction disk on two sides of the worm wheel generate sliding friction, and the cables are prevented from being damaged.
Further, when the ship enters a port and stops in a windy and wavy environment, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder retracts from the locking jack, the retracting and releasing oil cylinder pushes the guide cable cantilever forwards (upwards) to drive the installation sliding seat to slide forwards, and the guide cable cantilever extends forwards and straightly until the lower side surface of the guide sliding strip is pushed to be positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block; at the moment, the front end of the cable is farthest away from the side surface of the ship, so that the cable connection personnel can conveniently perform power connection operation; after the cable connection personnel complete the electricity connection, the cable retracting cylinder drags the guide cable cantilever backwards to drive the installation sliding seat to slide backwards, and after the guide sliding strip is separated from the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder extends out and is inserted into the locking jack to lock the installation sliding seat. When the cable is needed, the piston rod of the retracting oil cylinder is pushed forwards to drive the guide cable cantilever to swing around the hinged shaft between the guide cable cantilever and the hinged seat until the lower side of the front part of the guide cable cantilever is attached to a ship board for positioning, so that a stable supporting and guiding effect is provided for the cable. When a ship stably enters a port and stops in a calm and calm environment, the piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder is always in the locking jack, and the piston rod of the retracting oil cylinder pushes forwards to drive the guide cable cantilever to swing around the hinge shaft between the guide cable cantilever and the hinge base until the lower side of the front part of the guide cable cantilever is attached to a ship board to be positioned, so that a stable supporting and guiding effect is provided for the cable. When the cable is retracted, the piston rod of the retracting cylinder drags the cable guide cantilever backwards, so that the cable guide cantilever swings upwards around a hinge shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinge seat until the front end of the cable guide cantilever is retracted into the inner side of the ship board or attached to the reel; compact structure and small occupied space.
Compared with the prior art, the constant-torque reduction gearbox can output constant torque, has a simple and reliable structure, a simple structure for adjusting the torque, convenient operation and high accuracy for adjusting the torque, can adjust the output torque when the reduction gearbox is powered off, and is convenient and safe to adjust. When the ship enters a port and stops under the conditions of wind waves and slight swinging of the ship, the shore power connector can be far away from the side surface of the ship, so that the power connection operation is convenient, and the operation safety is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A ship shore power cable management system comprises a cable, a support, a reel, a cable guide frame, a feeding mechanism, a driving system and a control box, wherein the reel is freely rotatably installed on the support, the cable is wound on the reel, and the cable guide frame, the feeding mechanism, the driving system and the control box are installed on a base of the support; a first bearing cover and a second bearing cover are symmetrically arranged on the box body along a second direction, a second transmission shaft is rotatably arranged between the first bearing cover and the second bearing cover, a pressure adjusting disc, an elastic pushing mechanism, a first friction disc, a worm wheel, a second friction disc and a reduction pinion are sequentially sleeved on the outer wall of the second transmission shaft, the pressure adjusting disc is in threaded connection with the second transmission shaft, the elastic pushing mechanism, the first friction disc and the worm wheel are movably sleeved, and the second friction disc and the reduction pinion are fixedly sleeved; a third transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the box body along the second direction, and a reduction gear wheel meshed with the reduction pinion is fixedly sleeved on the third transmission shaft; an output chain wheel is arranged on a third transmission shaft on the outer side of the box body and is connected with the reel through a transmission chain; the outer edge of the pressure adjusting disc is provided with first teeth at intervals along the circumferential direction, the position of the pressure adjusting disc on the second transmission shaft is adjusted through a torque adjusting mechanism, the torque adjusting mechanism comprises a cylinder, an adjusting gear, a nut and a bearing, the outer wall of the cylinder is fixedly sleeved with the adjusting gear, the second teeth of the adjusting gear are meshed with the first teeth of the pressure adjusting disc, the outer wall of the cylinder on one side of the adjusting gear is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing, and the nut is fixed on the end face of the cylinder close to the bearing; the box body is provided with a hole along the second direction, and the torque adjusting mechanism can be installed on the hole.
2. The marine shore power cable management system of claim 1, wherein said fairlead is configured as: the base of the support in front of the reel is provided with two parallel rectangular guide rails, the opposite sides of the two rectangular guide rails are provided with slideways, an installation sliding seat capable of sliding back and forth is arranged in each slideway, a hinge seat is arranged on the upper side of the installation sliding seat, a cable guide cantilever is hinged to the hinge seat, a retraction cylinder is hinged to the rectangular guide rail behind the installation sliding seat, a piston rod of the retraction cylinder is hinged to the cable guide cantilever, and the retraction cylinder can drive the cable guide cantilever to swing around a hinge shaft between the cable guide cantilever and the hinge seat; the upper parts of the front sides of two parallel rectangular guide rails are respectively provided with a wedge-shaped limiting guide block which inclines upwards from back to front, guide sliding strips matched with the wedge-shaped limiting guide block are arranged on two sides of a guide cable cantilever, the front end of each guide sliding strip is provided with an arc-shaped guide surface matched with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, after the arc-shaped guide surfaces are contacted with the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, the guide cable cantilever moves forwards, the arc-shaped guide surfaces are matched with the inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped limiting guide blocks to push the guide cable cantilever to swing upwards around a hinged shaft between the guide cable cantilever and a hinged base, and when the lower side surface of each guide sliding strip is positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, the guide cable cantilever stretches forwards and is flat; two rectangular guide rails on the rear side of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block are respectively provided with a locking hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder can extend out of the slide way, the installation slide seat is provided with a locking jack matched with the piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder extends into the slide way and is inserted into the locking jack to lock the installation slide seat in the front-back direction.
3. The marine shore power cable management system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a limit stop is provided in the slide way on the rear side of the locking cylinder.
4. The ship shore power cable management system according to claim 3, wherein the two rectangular guide rails are hinged with a retraction cylinder on opposite sides thereof, and the front ends of the piston rods of the two retraction cylinders are hinged with two sides of the cable guide cantilever.
5. The marine shore power cable management system of claim 4, wherein said cable is routed from a reel and threaded through a wire guide at the front end of the cable boom and then connected to a shore power connector.
6. The marine shore power cable management system according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, wherein said elastic pushing mechanism comprises a spring pressing plate and springs, the springs are arranged in a circular array, one end of each spring is connected with the spring pressing plate, the other end of each spring is connected with the first friction disc, and the pressure adjusting plate adjusts the position of the spring pressing plate, and further adjusts the compression degree of the springs, so as to change the friction force of the worm gears of the first friction discs.
7. The marine shore power cable management system according to claim 6, wherein a first limiting post is provided on a side surface of the spring pressure plate on which the spring is mounted, a second limiting post is provided on a side surface of the first friction disc on which the spring is mounted, and two ends of the spring are respectively inserted into the first limiting post and the second limiting post, so that the spring is not easy to come off during use, and the spring is easy to detach and replace under the action of manpower.
8. The marine shore power cable management system of claim 7, wherein said housing comprises an upper housing and a lower housing, said upper and lower housings being connected by fasteners to facilitate maintenance.
9. A ship shore power cable management method comprises the steps of setting output torque of a constant-torque reduction box according to tensile performance parameters of a shore power cable used by a ship, inserting a torque adjusting mechanism into an opening of a box body, enabling second teeth of an adjusting gear to be meshed with first teeth of a pressure adjusting disc inside the reduction box, rotating an external hexagon nut by using a wrench, driving the pressure adjusting disc to rotate by the adjusting gear, changing the position of the pressure adjusting disc in threaded connection on a second transmission shaft, further changing friction force among a worm gear, a first friction disc and a second friction disc, and changing the output torque of the constant-torque reduction box.
10. The marine shore power cable management method of claim 9, wherein: when a ship enters a port and stops in a windy and wavy environment, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder retracts from the locking jack, the retracting and releasing oil cylinder pushes the guide cable cantilever forwards to drive the mounting sliding seat to slide forwards, and the guide cable cantilever extends forwards and straightly until the lower side surface of the guide sliding strip is pushed to be positioned on the upper side surface of the wedge-shaped limiting guide block; at the moment, the front end of the cable is farthest away from the side surface of the ship, so that the cable connection personnel can conveniently perform power connection operation; after the cable connection personnel complete the electricity connection, the cable retracting cylinder drags the guide cable cantilever backwards to drive the installation sliding seat to slide backwards, and after the guide sliding strip is separated from the wedge-shaped limiting guide block, a piston rod of the locking hydraulic cylinder extends out and is inserted into the locking jack to lock the installation sliding seat.
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