CN114802686A - Disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction of ship propulsion systems, in particular to a disc spring type integrated vibration reduction thrust bearing. The design scheme of the disc spring type integrated vibration reduction thrust bearing is provided, and can be used for longitudinal vibration reduction of a ship propulsion system, so that the longitudinal natural frequency of a shafting is reduced, and the transmission of longitudinal vibration of the shafting can be greatly reduced; the combined disc spring element is adopted as a vibration damping element, and the disc spring can realize flexible adjustment of the longitudinal rigidity of a shafting through different combination modes, so that the rigidity design requirement is met, and the combined disc spring is suitable for narrow space limitation; the disc spring type integrated vibration reduction thrust bearing adopts a variable stiffness design, and a mechanical limit structure is designed at the position of a vibration reduction disc spring in the thrust bearing, so that the shafting is prevented from excessive longitudinal displacement, and the running safety of shafting equipment is protected; the integrated design of the shafting longitudinal vibration absorber and the thrust bearing is adopted, so that the influence of additional quality and unbalance caused by the installation of the shafting longitudinal vibration absorber on the rotating shaft is avoided.

Description

Disc spring integrated vibration damping thrust bearing

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration reduction and lowering of marine propulsion systems, in particular to a disc spring type integrated vibration reduction thrust bearing.

Background technique

Acoustic stealth performance is one of the important performances of ships, especially for special ships such as submarines. The low-frequency radiated noise caused by the operating vibration of the tail propulsion system has a decisive contribution to the overall level of ship radiated noise. The longitudinal vibration of the propulsion system is one of the important sources of low-frequency vibration and noise of the ship's stern. This vibration is mainly low-frequency, and its strength is closely related to the dynamic characteristics of the shafting. The force-induced longitudinal vibration of the propulsion system and its coupled vibration with the hull and stern structure are controlled.

The traditional thrust bearing is mainly composed of thrust shaft, thrust block, thrust balance mechanism, support ring, shell and other components. The thrust of the propeller shaft system is transmitted to the hull structure through the thrust shaft. Along with the thrust transmission process, the longitudinal alternating excitation force generated by the propellers operating in the uneven flow field is also transmitted to the hull structure through the shafting. Since the internal thrust transmission components of the thrust bearing are in rigid contact, there is no vibration damping effect during the excitation force transmission process, which makes the longitudinal natural frequency of the shafting on the high side, and the problem of tail radiation noise is easily caused during the operation of the propulsion system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing, which can control the longitudinal natural frequency of the propeller shaft system, attenuate the longitudinal vibration of the propeller shaft system in the target frequency band, and solve the problem of vibration and noise of the propeller shaft system at the tail of the ship .

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing, sleeved on a ship thrust shaft 1, including a housing 7 and a thrust disc 13, two sets of thrust block groups are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thrust disc 13 from near to far. 6 and two sets of balance block groups 5, the thrust block group 6 and the balance block group 5 are circumferentially arranged in the collar 4, and the part of the thrust shaft 1 in contact with the two sides of the housing 7 is symmetrically sleeved with two sets of The bearing bush 3 is supported, and the bottom of the casing 7 is installed on the hull base and does not rotate synchronously with the thrust shaft 1 .

Further, end surfaces on both sides of the housing 7 are provided with end face oil seals 2 , the lower part of the housing 7 is provided with an oil inlet 11 , the lower part of the end face oil seal 2 is provided with an oil return port 12 , and the oil return port 12 The lubricating oil tank or the slop tank at the lower part of the thrust bearing is connected by a pipeline.

Further, the thrust block group 6 is composed of a plurality of thrust blocks distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

Further, the balance block group 5 is composed of a plurality of balance blocks distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

Further, a combination disc spring 8 and a guide block 9 are arranged in the balance block, and a boss is arranged on the upper part of the guide block 9. One end of the boss presses the combination disc spring 8, and the other end is connected to the pressing cover 10. In close contact, the gland 10 is fixed on the upper end surface of the balance block.

Further, the combined disc spring 8 is formed by abutting, overlapping or compounding of single disc springs, and the combination of the single disc springs is adapted to the rigidity requirements and design dimensions of the thrust bearing.

Further, a gap is directly provided between the lower end of the guide block 9 and the inner wall of the bottom of the balance block.

Further, the thrust block group 6 is specifically composed of 6 to 8 thrust blocks distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

Further, the balance block group 5 is specifically composed of 6 to 8 balance blocks distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a ship, which is equipped with the above-mentioned disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages:

1. A design scheme of disc spring integrated vibration damping thrust bearing is proposed, which can be used for longitudinal vibration reduction of ship propulsion system to reduce the longitudinal natural frequency of shafting, which can greatly reduce the transmission of longitudinal vibration of shafting; For example, after the application of the disc spring integrated vibration reduction thrust bearing, the vibration reduction effect in the test frequency band is about 3-5dB, and the vibration reduction effect at the first-order natural frequency of the shaft system is 10-20dB;

2. The combined disc spring element is used as the vibration damping element. The disc spring can realize the flexible adjustment of the longitudinal stiffness of the shafting through different combination methods, meet the stiffness design requirements, and adapt to the limitation of narrow space;

3. The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing adopts variable stiffness design, and the internal vibration damping disc spring of the thrust bearing is designed with a mechanical limit structure to prevent excessive longitudinal displacement of the shafting and protect the safe operation of the shafting equipment;

4. The integrated design of shafting longitudinal shock absorber and thrust bearing is adopted to avoid the influence of additional mass and unbalance caused by the shafting longitudinal shock absorber being installed on the rotating shaft.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the balance block group of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is A-A sectional view in Fig. 2;

Figure 4 is a route diagram of longitudinal vibration transmission of ship shafting;

Figure 5 is a comparison diagram of vibration characteristics before and after longitudinal vibration reduction of the shafting.

In the figure: 1. Thrust shaft; 2. Oil seal on end face; 3. Support bearing bush; 4. Ring; 5. Balance block group; 6. Thrust block group; 7. Housing; 8. Combined disc spring; 9. Guide block ; 10, gland; 11, oil inlet; 12, oil return port; 13, thrust plate.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various steps/components described in this application may be split into more steps/components, or two or more steps/components or partial operations of steps/components may be combined into new steps/components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

1. Disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing structure

As shown in Figure 1, a disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing provided in this example consists of a thrust shaft 1, an end face oil seal 2, a supporting bearing bush 3, a collar 4, a balance block group 5, a thrust block group 6, a shell 7. The combined disc spring 8, the guide block 9, the gland 10, and the oil inlet 11 are combined.

Specifically, the thrust shaft 1 is supported by two sets of support bearing bushes 3 to bear the weight load of the shaft system there. Two sets of thrust block groups 6 are arranged on both sides of the thrust plate 13 of the thrust bearing 1, and each set of thrust block groups 6 consists of 6 The ~8 thrust blocks are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, respectively bearing the forward and reverse thrust of the shafting, so as to realize the transmission of the thrust of the shafting from the rotating thrust shaft 1 to the stationary thrust block group 6.

Further, the thrust block group 6 is circumferentially arranged in the collar 4, and the balance block group 5 realizes the thrust balance of each group of 6-8 thrust blocks in the middle, so as to prevent the specific thrust block from being too large due to installation errors. The thrust block group 6, the balance block group 5, and the collar 4 structure realize the transmission of the shafting thrust from the thrust block group to the shell 7, and then realize the transmission to the hull base through the mounting surface of the shell and the base.

As shown in Figures 2 to 3, the combined disc spring 8 is installed and placed in the balance block group 5, and a set of combined disc springs is arranged in each balance block. It is made to meet the needs of different bearing environments and vibration reduction environments. The combined disc spring 8 is pressed by the guide block 9, and a pre-tightening force is applied through the pressing cover 10 to ensure that the combined disc spring 8 has sufficient fatigue life. There is a certain gap between the guide block 9 and the lower part of the balance block group, which is the working stroke of the combined disc spring 8. After the combined disk spring 8 exceeds the working stroke, the guide block 9 is in direct contact with the lower part of the balance block group, and the vibration damping function of the bearing is lost. Protect the safety of shafting equipment.

Further, the end face oil seals 2 are arranged at both ends of the casing 7 to ensure the sealing between the casing 7 and the thrust bearing 1. The shafting lubricating oil system delivers lubricating oil to the thrust bearing through the oil inlet 11, and is transported by the casing. The upper oil return port returns to the lubricating oil system. An oil return port 12 is provided at the lower part of the end face oil seal 2, which is connected to the lubricating oil tank or the slop oil tank at the lower part of the bearing through a pipeline, so as to ensure that a small amount of leaked lubricating oil leaked by the oil seal can be returned to the oil tank.

2. Working principle

1) The thrust bearing integrates the vibration damping element, and realizes the longitudinal vibration damping of the shaft system by adjusting the bearing stiffness.

As shown in Figure 4, the internal thrust transmission channel of the thrust bearing is also a vibration transmission channel. The vibration reduction design of the thrust bearing is based on the characteristics of the force transmission channel, and the vibration reduction elements are integrated in series in the internal force transmission channel of the bearing. According to the longitudinal vibration model of the shaft system, the stiffness of the damping element is much lower than the contact stiffness of other structural parts, and the stiffness of the damping structure is the determining factor of the vibration characteristics of the single-degree-of-freedom system.

The existing linear vibration isolation theory shows that when the natural frequency of the system is lower than the excitation frequency 1/, the system will exert the vibration isolation effect. The longitudinal vibration control of the shafting is mainly in the low frequency band. In theory, the lower the stiffness of the damping element, the lower the longitudinal first-order natural frequency, which is more beneficial to the low-frequency longitudinal vibration reduction of the system.

Figure 5 shows the comparison of the force transmission characteristics before and after the longitudinal vibration damping thrust bearing is applied to the shafting. It can be seen that the system force transmission characteristics can be changed according to the stiffness adjustment of the damping element, and the vibration response in the target frequency band can be reduced.

2) The combined disc spring element is used as the vibration damping element to adapt to the limitation of narrow space

The internal structure of the thrust bearing is compact, and the longitudinal dimensions of the thrust block, the upper and lower balance blocks, and the collar structure are all small.

The disc spring has the characteristics of compact structure, high rigidity and good comprehensive performance, and is especially suitable for the use environment of the thrust bearing with narrow space and high rigidity requirements. At the same time, the disc springs can be flexibly adjusted in the longitudinal stiffness of the shafting through different combinations to meet the stiffness design requirements.

Therefore, the thrust bearing adopts the combined disc spring as the vibration damping element, which is suitable for the work requirements of the thrust bearing such as vibration damping, load bearing and narrow space.

3) Variable stiffness design to ensure the safety of shafting equipment

The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing adopts variable stiffness design, and the internal vibration damping disc spring of the thrust bearing is designed with a mechanical limit structure. Under low thrust, the shaft thrust is transmitted by the damping disc spring and realizes the vibration damping function; When the compression of the disc spring reaches the limit stroke during the thrust, the inner part of the bearing is in rigid contact and no longer has the function of damping, preventing excessive longitudinal displacement of the shafting and protecting the safe operation of the shafting equipment.

4) Integration and miniaturization of thrust bearings and shock absorbers

The disc spring type integrated damping thrust bearing realizes the functional integration of the shafting thrust bearing and the shafting longitudinal damper. It integrates the damping element into the non-rotating parts inside the thrust bearing, that is, it has the function of bearing the shafting thrust load. Longitudinal vibration damping of shafting can also be achieved. The overall size of the integrated rear thrust bearing is similar to that of the traditional thrust bearing, and the weight is slightly larger than that of the traditional thrust bearing. Additional mass, unbalance and other negative effects.

Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a ship, which is equipped with the above-mentioned disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, etc., All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a dish spring formula integration damping thrust bearing, the cover is located on boats and ships thrust shaft (1), including casing (7) and thrust disc (13), its characterized in that, thrust disc (13) both sides are by nearly to far away in proper order the symmetry have set up two sets of thrust block group (6) and two sets of balance block group (5), thrust block group (6) and balance block group (5) equal circumference arrange in lantern ring (4), thrust shaft (1) is equipped with two sets of support axle bush (3) with the partial symmetry cover of casing (7) both sides contact, install on the hull base casing (7) bottom, not along with thrust shaft (1) synchronous rotation.

2. The disc spring type integrated vibration reduction thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein end face oil seals (2) are arranged on two side end faces of the shell (7), an oil inlet (11) is arranged on the lower portion of the shell (7), an oil return opening (12) is arranged on the lower portion of the end face oil seal (2), and the oil return opening (12) is connected with an oil sliding cabin or an oil sump cabin on the lower portion of the thrust bearing through a pipeline.

3. Disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the thrust block group (6) is formed by a plurality of thrust blocks which are uniformly distributed in a ring shape in the circumferential direction.

4. The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing according to claim 1, wherein the balancing block group (5) is formed by a plurality of balancing blocks which are uniformly distributed in a circumferential direction in an annular shape.

5. The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing according to claim 4, wherein a combined disc spring (8) and a guide block (9) are arranged in the balance block, a boss is arranged at the upper part of the guide block (9), one end of the boss compresses the combined disc spring (8), the other end of the boss is tightly contacted with a gland (10), and the gland (10) is fixed on the upper end surface of the balance block.

6. The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing according to claim 5, wherein the combined disc spring (8) is formed by involution, superposition or composite combination of single disc springs, and the combination mode of the single disc springs is matched with the rigidity requirement and the design size of the thrust bearing.

7. Disc spring type integrated damping thrust bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower end of the guide block (9) is directly provided with a gap with the inner wall of the balance block bottom.

8. The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing according to claim 3, wherein the thrust block group (6) is formed by uniformly distributing 6-8 thrust blocks in an annular shape in the circumferential direction.

9. The disc spring type integrated vibration damping thrust bearing according to claim 4, wherein the balance block group (5) is formed by uniformly distributing 6-8 balance blocks in a ring shape in the circumferential direction.

10. A ship, characterized in that the ship is provided with a disc spring type integrated damping thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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