CN114799359A - Small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear tooth planing processing technology - Google Patents
Small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear tooth planing processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114799359A CN114799359A CN202210635281.2A CN202210635281A CN114799359A CN 114799359 A CN114799359 A CN 114799359A CN 202210635281 A CN202210635281 A CN 202210635281A CN 114799359 A CN114799359 A CN 114799359A
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/12—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by planing or slotting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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Abstract
The machining process of the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear tooth comprises the steps of material preparation, rough turning, heat treatment, primary finish turning, tooth planing, secondary finish turning, bench work and surface treatment. During the first finish turning, the radial boss process head is manufactured by finish turning of the workpiece, and the axial thread gland is combined to realize coaxial axial compression, fixing and clamping of the workpiece on the special tool clamp, so that the gear shaping processing of the small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear is realized. The invention adopts simple structural improvement, and solves the problem that the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear cannot be subjected to gear planing processing; the clamping is firm, the workpiece is convenient to mount and take, and the special tool clamp is simple and convenient to process; the product qualification rate is high; and the bevel gear cannot be axially pressed and assembled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear machining, and particularly relates to a machining process for a small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear.
Background
In production, the processing method of the straight bevel gear mainly comprises gear planing, gear milling and the like, but the bevel gear with high precision requirement still adopts gear planing at present.
A gear planer is a metal cutting machine tool, and the tooth profile of a straight bevel gear is processed by a special cutter gear planer tool. When in processing, the upper tool rest and the lower tool rest of the gear shaper perform linear reciprocating cutting motion, the whole tool rest is arranged on the cradle and swings at a certain angle along with the cradle to form generating motion together with the positive and negative rotary motion of the workpiece at a corresponding angle. In the cutting process, an envelope curve of the sequential positions of the cutting edge of the gear shaper cutter forms a standard involute tooth form. The cradle swings up and down in a reciprocating way once to finish the cutting movement of one tooth, at the moment, the workpiece exits along with the saddle, rotates a certain angle to divide teeth, and then the saddle enters the working position again to start cutting a second tooth; and the machine tool automatically stops after all teeth are circularly cut.
The straight bevel gear shapes commonly seen in our production are mainly of the through-hole disc type and the shaft type. In the prior art, a machining process for a through-hole disc type straight-tooth bevel gear part generally comprises the following steps: preparing materials, roughly turning, carrying out heat treatment, finely turning, planing teeth, clamping and carrying out surface treatment. In the finish turning process, the dimensional tolerance of the through hole in the machined through hole disc type straight-tooth bevel gear part and the perpendicularity tolerance of the adjacent end surface are ensured to meet the design requirement; then, the element is used as a positioning reference for gear shaping. After the fluted disc is compressed concentrically and axially by the corresponding gear shaping mandrel tool, the processing of the teeth making of the fluted disc on the gear shaping machine can be completed. The structure of the through hole disc type straight tooth conical gear is shown in fig. 1, wherein: the through hole 5 and the end surface in the workpiece 4 are in clearance fit with the corresponding shaft on the mandrel 6, the external thread of the mandrel 6 is screwed through the nut 7, and the workpiece 4 is connectedThe concentric pressing is fixed on the positioning end face of the mandrel 6, so that the axial pressing and fixing of the workpiece 1 are realized; then the mandrel 6 is connected with
And the M10 screw rod part is matched and clamped with a gear shaper spindle, so that gear shaping processing is realized. Therefore, no matter the size of the workpiece, the workpiece adopts the axial pressing, clamping and positioning datum of the inner through hole, so that the workpiece is common in design and is convenient to clamp and position on a machine tool in production.
However, for the gear shaping processing of a small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear workpiece required by the process shown in fig. 2, the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear workpiece is generally common in motor connection, and the gear workpiece has the characteristics of small modulus and size, a reference hole is a blind hole, and a mandrel cannot extend out of the blind hole, so that the workpiece cannot be axially pressed by a nut, the conventional axial pressing and clamping cannot be realized, the gear shaping processing cannot be realized, and the qualification rate of parts is extremely low by adopting other processing modes. Therefore, in order to finish the tooth profile machining of the workpiece, how to clamp and position the gear workpiece on a gear shaper is considered firstly; in this regard, the following improvements are proposed with reference to the conventional bevel gear machining process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the utility model provides a small-size blind hole small modulus straight bevel gear shaping processing technology, solves the unable concentric axial of small-size blind hole small modulus straight bevel gear shaping processing and compresses tightly fixed clamping on current gear shaping machine, the unable technical problem who accomplishes the gear shaping processing.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the processing technology of the small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear tooth planing comprises the steps of material preparation, rough turning, heat treatment, finish turning, tooth planing, bench work and surface treatment, wherein the steps of finish turning and tooth planing comprise the following steps:
s1, first finish turning: finish turning the outer cylindrical surface at the tail end of the blind hole of the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear workpiece to manufacture a radial boss process head; the workpiece blind hole is used for concentrically positioning the workpiece on a special tool clamp for the small-size blind hole and the small modulus straight bevel gear; and an axial thread gland in the special tool clamp for the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear is used for axially pressing a radial boss process head of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is concentrically and axially pressed and fixed and clamped on the special tool clamp for the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear.
S2, gear shaping: and (5) processing the tooth shape of the straight bevel tooth of the workpiece by gear shaping.
S3, secondary finish turning: and (4) finish turning to remove the radial boss process head manufactured by the first finish turning of the workpiece.
The special tool clamp for the small-size blind hole and the small-modulus straight bevel gear consists of an axial thread gland and a mandrel; the mandrel is concentrically provided with a first screw, a first optical axis, a second screw and a second optical axis from back to front in sequence; the first screw and the first optical axis are used for coaxially and fixedly clamping the special tool clamp on the gear shaper; the second screw rod is concentrically screwed and is in adaptive connection with the axial thread gland; the second optical axis is concentrically connected with the workpiece blind hole in an interference fit manner; the center of the axial screw gland cover body is concentrically provided with an axial step through hole; the rear end of the axial step through hole is provided with a fine internal thread; the fine thread internal thread is screwed and matched with the second screw rod in a matching way; the front end of the axial step through hole is provided with a step vertical compression end face; the vertical pressing end face of the step is perpendicular to the central line of the mandrel, and the vertical pressing end face of the step is attached to and matched with the vertical end face of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head of the pressing workpiece; meanwhile, the cone structure at the front end of the workpiece extends out of the front end of the axial thread gland to be processed.
In the above technical solution, further: the diameter phi of the blind hole of the workpiece is less than or equal to 5 mm; the axial length of the blind hole of the workpiece is less than or equal to 8 mm.
In the above technical solution, further: the vertical end surfaces of the blind holes and the outer circular rings of the radial boss process heads are turned and machined at the same time in the step S1 during the first fine turning, and the dimensional tolerance of the blind holes is realized
The perpendicularity between the center line of the blind hole and the vertical end face of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head is 0.012.
In the above technical solution, further: step S1, the first finish turning further comprises the step of turning around and finish turning the vertical end faces outside the shaft ends of the workpiece cone structure and the cone structure by taking the processed blind holes and the vertical end faces of the outer circular ring as references; and the runout of the centrum structure and the outer vertical end surface is less than or equal to 0.012; and the axial dimension L of the tail end of the addendum circle of the cone structure from the vertical end surface of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head is enlarged by 1.2-3 mm compared with the standard dimension.
In the above technical solution, further: the outer diameter of the process head of the radial boss is 2-3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the addendum circle of the workpiece cone structure.
In the above technical solution, further: the fine internal thread is M10 multiplied by 1.25 fine threads; the first screw is an M10 screw.
In the above technical solution, further: and step S3, selecting a linear cutting or cutting knife to cut off to finish the removal of the radial boss process head of the workpiece during the second time of fine machining.
In the above technical solution, further: when a cutting tool is selected to cut off and process, clamping jaws are used for clamping the outer circle and the end face of a workpiece, and a dial indicator is used for aligning the outer circle and the end face of the cone structure tooth of the workpiece, so that the perpendicularity between the cut end face of the workpiece and a blind hole of the workpiece is prevented from being out of tolerance when the workpiece is cut off; and after the radial boss process head is cut off by the cutter to be cut off, the cut-off end face of the workpiece is polished by the cutter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. when the process head is finish-turned for the first time, the vertical end faces of the blind hole and the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head are finish-turned in the step S1 and the first finish-turning at the same time, so that the dimensional tolerance and the verticality form and position tolerance are effectively ensured, a standard is laid for subsequent gear shaping processing, and the requirements on the gear shaping processing precision and the qualified rate are met.
2. According to the invention, the radial boss process head is processed and manufactured on the workpiece, the axial pressing and positioning reference is increased, and the problem of clamping and positioning of the workpiece on the gear shaper is solved; the positioning area is increased, and the clamping is firm.
3. The axial dimension L of the tail end of the addendum circle of the cone structure from the vertical end surface of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head is enlarged by 1.2-3 mm compared with the standard dimension; the outer diameter of the process head is 2-3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the addendum circle of the workpiece cone structure in cooperation with the radial boss; effectively avoiding the interference of the 14-degree 58 '52' conical top angle of the cone structure and the axial angle of the gear shaper during gear shaping processing, and ensuring that the processing is smoothly carried out.
4. According to the special tool clamp, the second optical axis and the blind hole which are formed at the front end of the mandrel only play a coaxial positioning role during machining; the stress surface of gear shaping processing becomes the vertical terminal surface that compresses tightly of step of axial screw gland and the radial boss technology head of work piece, therefore the second optical axis of small-size structure is not atress, effectively avoids gear shaping processing man-hour, the appearance of dabber fracture problem in the special-purpose frock clamp.
5. The special tool clamp is firm in clamping mode, convenient to assemble and disassemble workpieces, simple in structure, easy and convenient to machine, economical and practical.
6. The gear shaping processing of the small-size blind hole small-modulus gear workpiece is realized by adopting a mode of adding a process head and cooperating with axial compression of a gland, the workpiece is tightly matched with a tool, the stressed contact area is increased, and the clamping is reliable; the thread compresses the workpiece, so that the workpiece is convenient and fast to clamp; the phenomena of vibration, poor tooth part smoothness and the like generated in the process of gear shaping of the small-module gear are reduced; through production practice, the detection of the processed product shows that the number of teeth of each parameter of the tooth part of the bevel gear meets the requirement, the product quality is greatly improved, and the product percent of pass is obviously improved; the positioning device is also suitable for positioning similar blind holes, but the small end face of the bevel gear cannot be axially pressed and mounted on similar workpieces, the utilization rate of a machine tool is effectively improved, a reference processing thought is provided for producers, a new market is widened for enterprises, and the positioning device is suitable for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of clamping a conventional through-hole disc type straight-tooth bevel gear;
FIG. 2 is a process structure diagram of a small-modulus straight bevel gear workpiece to be processed with a small-sized blind hole according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a workpiece after finish turning for manufacturing a radial boss process head according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a workpiece after a radial boss processing head is machined according to the present invention, before the workpiece is clamped by a special tool fixture;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view of an axial thread gland in the special tool clamp for the small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a combined clamping state of the special tool clamp for the small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a view showing a state where a cutting blade is selected to cut off a workpiece;
in the figure: 1-workpiece, 101-blind hole, 102-radial boss process head, 1021-vertical end face of outer circular ring; 103-vertebral body structure; 2-special tool clamp for small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear; 2-1 axial thread gland, 2-101 axial step through holes, 2-102 fine internal threads and 2-103 step vertical compression end faces; 2-2 mandrel, 2-201 first screw, 2-202 first optical axis, 2-203 second screw and 2-204 second optical axis; and 3, cutting off the cutter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 2 to 8 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The processing technology of the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear tooth comprises the steps of material preparation, rough turning, heat treatment, finish turning, tooth planing, bench work and surface treatment.
(as shown in FIG. 2) it should be noted that: the diameter phi of a blind hole 101 of a small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear workpiece 1 to be processed is less than or equal to 5 mm; the axial length of the blind hole 101 of the workpiece 1 is less than or equal to 8mm, namely the workpiece 1 refers to a small-size blind hole straight bevel gear workpiece.
The improvement of the invention lies in that: the step of finish turning and gear shaping comprises the following steps of (as shown in figure 3) step S1, first finish turning: and (3) finish turning the outer cylindrical surface at the tail end of the blind hole 101 of the small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear workpiece 1 to manufacture the radial boss process head 102.
By adding the radial boss process head 102, the problem that the existing workpiece 1 cannot be axially compressed and fixed is solved, so that the workpiece 1 is clamped and fixed in a traditional mode, and the tooth profile of the blind hole workpiece 1 is machined.
Specifically, the radial boss process head 102 has dimensions φ 7.8 × 1.5. The size of the workpiece blind hole 101 is
Therefore, the radial boss process head 102 is machined and manufactured on the workpiece 1, the axial pressing and positioning reference is added, and the problem of clamping and positioning of the workpiece 1 on the gear shaper is solved; the positioning area is increased, and the clamping is firm.
When in use: the workpiece 1 is concentrically positioned on a special tool clamp 2 for the small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear by using the blind hole 101 of the workpiece 1.
And an axial thread gland 2-1 arranged in the special tool clamp 2 for the small-size blind hole and the small-modulus straight bevel gear is used for axially pressing the radial boss process head 102 of the workpiece 1, so that the concentric axial pressing, fixing and clamping of the workpiece 1 on the special tool clamp 2 for the small-size blind hole and the small-modulus straight bevel gear are realized.
In the above embodiment, further: step S1, performing the first finish turning, and turning around and finish turning the machined blind hole 101 and the outer vertical end surface 1021 of the outer ring to machine the end surface 1031 of the cone structure 103 and the shaft end of the cone structure 103 of the workpiece 1.
And the runout of the vertebral body structure 103 and the outer vertical end surface 1031 thereof is less than or equal to 0.012. The taper of the pyramidal structure 103 is 14 deg. 58' 52 ".
And in order to avoid the problem that the vertex angle of the cone is 14 degrees, 58 '52' and the axial angle of the gear shaper during gear shaping processing are interfered: the axial dimension L of the addendum circle tail end of the cone structure 103 from the outer circular ring vertical end surface 1021 of the radial boss process head 102 is enlarged by 1.2-3 mm compared with the standard dimension, namely the axial dimension L is enlarged from 4.82mm to 6.12 mm.
In the above embodiment, further: the blind hole 101 and the radial directionThe vertical end surface 1021 of the outer circular ring of the boss process head 102 is turned and machined at the same time in the step S1 and the first finish turning, and the dimensional tolerance of the blind hole 101 is realized
The perpendicularity between the center line of the blind hole 101 and the vertical end surface 1021 of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head 102 is 0.012, and the perpendicularity is used as a subsequent positioning reference, so that the qualification rate of workpieces and the requirement on size precision are guaranteed.
It can be seen that when the present invention is finished for the first time, the blind hole 101 and the outer circular ring vertical end surface 1021 of the radial boss process head 102 are turned and machined at the same time in the step S1 and the first time of finish turning, so that the dimensional tolerance and the verticality form and position tolerance are effectively ensured, a reference is established for the subsequent gear shaping machining, and the requirement of the gear shaping machining precision is satisfied.
On this basis, also to avoid the generation of radial angle interference by the gear shaping machine: in the above embodiment, the outer diameter of the radial boss process head 102 is 2-3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the addendum circle of the cone structure 103 of the workpiece 1.
Therefore, the axial dimension L of the addendum circle tail end of the cone structure 103 away from the outer circular ring vertical end surface 1021 of the radial boss process head 102 is enlarged by 1.2-3 mm compared with the standard dimension; the outer diameter of the process head 102 is 2-3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the addendum circle of the cone structure 103 of the workpiece 1 in cooperation with the radial boss; the interference of the 14-degree 58 '52' conical top angle of the cone structure 103 and the axial angle of the gear shaper machine tool during gear shaping processing is effectively avoided, so that the processing is smoothly carried out.
Step S2, gear shaping: the gear shaping machine processes the tooth shape of the straight bevel gear of the workpiece 1.
Step S3, secondary finish turning: and (3) finish turning to remove the radial boss process head 102 manufactured by the first finish turning of the workpiece 1.
In the above embodiment, further: and step S3, selecting a linear cutting or cutting knife 3 to cut off to finish the removal of the radial boss process head 102 of the workpiece 1 during the second time of fine machining.
(as shown in fig. 8) in the above embodiment, further: because the size of the radial boss process head 102 is smaller, the cutting mode of the cutting knife 3 is preferably selected, and when the cutting mode of the cutting knife 3 is adopted: the outer circle and the end face of the workpiece 1 are clamped by the clamping jaws, and the outer circle of the workpiece 1 and the tooth end face of the cone structure 103 are aligned by the dial indicator, so that the perpendicularity error between the cut end face of the workpiece 1 and the blind hole 101 of the workpiece 1 is prevented during cutting.
And (4) after the radial boss process head 102 is cut off by the cutter 3 to be cut off, finishing the cut-off end face of the workpiece by using the cutter 3, and finishing the processing of the step S3 and the secondary finish turning procedure.
The subsequent procedures of removing the burrs by a bench worker and processing the surface of the workpiece are required, so that the whole processing process of the workpiece 1 is completed.
(as shown in fig. 4 and 5), the special tool clamp 2 for the small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear used in the invention consists of an axial thread gland 2-1 and a mandrel 2-2.
The mandrel 2-2 is concentrically provided with a first screw rod 2-201, a first optical axis 2-202, a second screw rod 2-203 and a second optical axis 2-204 from back to front in sequence.
Wherein the first screw 2-201 is an M10 screw rod; the first optical axis 2-202 has an outer circle of
The first screw rod 2-201 and the first optical axis 2-202 are used for coaxially fixing and clamping the special tool clamp on the gear shaper.
In the above embodiment, further: the fine internal thread 2-102 is M10 multiplied by 1.25 fine thread; the first screw 2-201 is an M10 screw rod.
The second screw rod 2-203 is concentrically screwed and matched with the axial thread gland 2-1 in a matching way; the second optical axis 2-204 is concentrically connected with the blind hole 101 of the workpiece 1 in an interference fit manner.
The center of the axial screw gland 2-1 cover body is concentrically provided with an axial step through hole 2-101; and a through hole structure is adopted, so that the extension is convenient.
The rear end of the axial step through hole 2-101 is provided with a fine thread 2-102; and fine threads are adopted, so that the precision is high.
The fine thread inner threads 2-102 are screwed and matched with the second screw rods 2-203; ensuring concentricity.
The front end of the axial step through hole 2-101 is provided with a step vertical pressing end face 2-103; the step vertical pressing end surfaces 2-103 are perpendicular to the central line of the mandrel 2-2, and the step vertical pressing end surfaces 2-103 are attached to and matched with the outer circular ring vertical end surface 1021 of the radial boss process head 102 of the pressing workpiece 1 (as shown in fig. 6), so that the positioning reference precision reliability of axial pressing is ensured.
Therefore, the axial compression positioning reference is adopted, in production, the workpiece to be machined is convenient to clamp and position on a conventional machine tool, the clamping machining applicability of the special tool clamp on the conventional machine tool is improved, and the machining cost is reduced.
(with reference to fig. 7), at the same time, the front end cone structure 103 of the workpiece 1 extends out from the front end of the axial screw gland 2-1 to be processed.
Therefore, the second optical axis 2-204 and the blind hole 101 which are arranged at the front end of the mandrel 2-2 of the special tool clamp only play a coaxial positioning role during processing; the stress surface of the gear shaping processing is changed into the step vertical compression end surface 2-103 of the axial thread gland 2-1 and the radial boss process head 102 of the workpiece 1, so that the second optical axis 2-204 of the small-size structure is not stressed, and the problem of fracture of the mandrel 2-2 during gear shaping processing is effectively avoided.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the gear shaping processing of the small-size blind hole small-modulus gear workpiece is realized by adopting a mode of adding a process head and cooperating with axial compression of a gland, the workpiece is tightly matched with a tool, the stressed contact area is increased, and the clamping is reliable; the thread compresses the workpiece, so that the workpiece is convenient and fast to clamp; the phenomena of vibration, poor tooth part smoothness and the like generated in the process of gear shaping of the small-module gear are reduced; through production practice, the detection of the processed product shows that the number of teeth of each parameter of the tooth part of the bevel gear meets the requirement, the product quality is greatly improved, and the product percent of pass is obviously improved; the positioning device is also suitable for positioning similar inner blind holes, but the small end face of the bevel gear cannot be axially pressed and mounted on similar workpieces for processing and manufacturing; the utilization rate of the machine tool is improved, a referential processing thought is provided for a producer, a new market is widened for an enterprise, and the method is suitable for popularization.
From the above description it can be found that: the clamping mode is firm, the workpiece is convenient to load and unload, and the required tool is simple and convenient to process; the special process head is axially compressed by increasing the process head and using a screw gland mode, so that the special tool clamp for the workpiece can be tightly matched, and the stress area is increased; the core shaft of the special tool clamp is prevented from being broken, and the safety and reliability are realized; the clamping is simple and convenient due to the threaded clamping; the vibration is reduced, and the tooth finish is improved; the technological quality of the tooth number of each parameter of the tooth part of the bevel gear is obviously improved, and the problem of low qualified rate of small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear products is solved.
In conclusion, the special tool clamp is firm in clamping and fixing, convenient to assemble and disassemble workpieces, simple in structure, simple and convenient to machine, economical and practical, and suitable for popularization.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The processing technology of the small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear tooth planing comprises the steps of material preparation, rough turning, heat treatment, finish turning, tooth planing, bench work and surface treatment, and is characterized in that the steps of finish turning and tooth planing comprise the following steps:
s1, first finish turning: finish turning is carried out on the outer cylindrical surface at the tail end of a blind hole (101) of a small-size blind hole and small modulus straight bevel gear workpiece (1) to manufacture a radial boss process head (102); the workpiece (1) is concentrically positioned on a special tool clamp (2) for the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear by using the blind hole (101) of the workpiece (1); an axial thread gland (2-1) arranged in the special tool clamp (2) for the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear is used for axially pressing the radial boss process head (102) of the workpiece (1), so that the workpiece (1) is concentrically and axially pressed and fixedly clamped on the special tool clamp (2) for the small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear;
s2, gear shaping: the tooth shaping process workpiece (1) is in straight tooth and bevel tooth shape;
s3, secondary finish turning: finely turning and removing the radial boss process head (102) which is manufactured by the workpiece (1) through the first fine turning;
the special tool clamp (2) for the small-size blind hole and the small modulus straight bevel gear consists of an axial threaded gland (2-1) and a mandrel (2-2); the mandrel (2-2) is concentrically provided with a first screw (2-201), a first optical axis (2-202), a second screw (2-203) and a second optical axis (2-204) from back to front in sequence; the first screw (2-201) and the first optical axis (2-202) are used for coaxially and fixedly clamping the special tool clamp on the gear shaper; the second screw (2-203) is concentrically screwed and matched with the axial thread gland (2-1); the second optical axis (2-204) is concentrically connected with a blind hole (101) of the workpiece (1) in an interference fit manner; the center of the cover body of the axial screw gland (2-1) is concentrically provided with an axial step through hole (2-101); the rear end of the axial step through hole (2-101) is provided with a fine thread internal thread (2-102); the fine internal thread (2-102) is screwed and matched with the second screw rod (2-203); the front end of the axial step through hole (2-101) is provided with a step vertical pressing end face (2-103); the step vertical pressing end surfaces (2-103) are perpendicular to the central line of the mandrel (2-2), and the step vertical pressing end surfaces (2-103) are attached to and matched with the outer circular ring vertical end surface (1021) of the radial boss process head (102) of the pressing workpiece (1); meanwhile, the front end cone structure (103) of the workpiece (1) extends out of the front end of the axial thread gland (2-1) to be machined.
2. The small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the diameter phi of the blind hole (101) of the workpiece (1) is less than or equal to 5 mm; the axial length of the blind hole (101) of the workpiece (1) is less than or equal to 8 mm.
3. The small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the blind hole (101) and the vertical end face (1021) of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head (102) are turned and machined at the same time in the step S1 and the first finish turning, and the blind hole (101) is of a common sizeDifference (D)
The perpendicularity between the center line of the blind hole (101) and the vertical end face (1021) of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head (102) is 0.012.
4. The small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 3, wherein the step S1 of finish turning for the first time further comprises turning around and finish turning the workpiece (1) cone structure (103) and the shaft end outer vertical end surface (1031) of the cone structure (103) on the basis of the machined blind hole (101) and the outer circular ring vertical end surface (1021); and the jump of the vertebral body structure (103) and the outer vertical end surface (1031) is less than or equal to 0.012; and the axial dimension L of the addendum circle tail end of the cone structure (103) to the vertical end surface (1021) of the outer circular ring of the radial boss process head (102) is enlarged by 1.2-3 mm compared with the standard dimension.
5. The small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer diameter of the radial boss process head (102) is 2-3 mm larger than the outer diameter of the addendum circle of the cone structure (103) of the workpiece (1).
6. The small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fine internal thread (2-102) is an M10 multiplied by 1.25 fine thread; the first screw (2-201) is an M10 screw rod.
7. The small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and step S3, selecting a linear cutting or cutting knife (3) to cut off to finish the removal of the radial boss process head (102) of the workpiece (1) during the second time of fine machining.
8. The small-size blind hole small-modulus straight bevel gear shaping process according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: when a cutting-off tool (3) is selected for cutting off and processing, clamping jaws are used for clamping the outer circle and the end face of a workpiece (1), and a dial indicator is used for aligning the outer circle of the workpiece (1) and the tooth end face of a cone structure (103) so as to prevent the perpendicularity error between the cut-off end face of the workpiece (1) and a blind hole (101) of the workpiece (1) during cutting off; and after the radial boss process head (102) is cut off by the cutter (3) to be cut off, the cut-off end face of the workpiece is finished by the cutter (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210635281.2A CN114799359B (en) | 2022-06-06 | 2022-06-06 | Gear shaping processing technology for small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear |
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| CN202210635281.2A CN114799359B (en) | 2022-06-06 | 2022-06-06 | Gear shaping processing technology for small-size blind hole and small-modulus straight bevel gear |
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| CN103707018A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏飞船股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing automotive bevel gear shaft |
| CN206263374U (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-06-20 | 南京创力传动机械有限公司 | A kind of horizontal gear shapping machine for processing face gear |
| CN210548595U (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2020-05-19 | 溧阳市腾新机电设备有限公司 | Gear planer |
| CN111889813A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-06 | 湖南飞阳齿轮制造有限责任公司 | Gear shaping machine for processing gear |
| CN112846677A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-05-28 | 南昌齿轮锻造厂 | Vertical forging and rough and finish turning process for driving spiral bevel gear with boss |
| WO2021148147A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | Reishauer Ag | Method for working a workpiece with two toothings, positioning device for determining a reference rotational angle position of the workpiece and power tool with such a positioning device |
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2022
- 2022-06-06 CN CN202210635281.2A patent/CN114799359B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103707018A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏飞船股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing automotive bevel gear shaft |
| CN206263374U (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-06-20 | 南京创力传动机械有限公司 | A kind of horizontal gear shapping machine for processing face gear |
| CN210548595U (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2020-05-19 | 溧阳市腾新机电设备有限公司 | Gear planer |
| WO2021148147A1 (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-07-29 | Reishauer Ag | Method for working a workpiece with two toothings, positioning device for determining a reference rotational angle position of the workpiece and power tool with such a positioning device |
| CN111889813A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-06 | 湖南飞阳齿轮制造有限责任公司 | Gear shaping machine for processing gear |
| CN112846677A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-05-28 | 南昌齿轮锻造厂 | Vertical forging and rough and finish turning process for driving spiral bevel gear with boss |
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| CN114799359B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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