CN114799293A - Machining method for wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section - Google Patents
Machining method for wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section Download PDFInfo
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- CN114799293A CN114799293A CN202210754780.3A CN202210754780A CN114799293A CN 114799293 A CN114799293 A CN 114799293A CN 202210754780 A CN202210754780 A CN 202210754780A CN 114799293 A CN114799293 A CN 114799293A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel equipment, and particularly relates to a method for processing a wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section. The processing method comprises the following steps: fixing the blank of the contraction section; determining a feed method; determining a regional processing scheme; selecting a five-axis numerical control planer type milling machine and a universal angle milling head; detecting the machining allowance and establishing a machining standard; milling the molded surface of each area according to the procedures of rough machining, semi-finish machining and finish machining; and detecting the machining precision of the molded surface by adopting a molded surface detection method, and repeatedly performing finish machining until the machining precision of the molded surface meets the preset requirement. The machining method has the advantages of high machining precision, high efficiency and larger technical and economic advantages, provides beneficial engineering practice for machining the complex curved surface of the section similar to the contraction section, and can be popularized and applied to machining large-caliber thin-wall complex curved surfaces of other similar shapes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel equipment, and particularly relates to a method for processing a wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section.
Background
The contraction section is one of the key sections determining the quality of a wind tunnel flow field, and the contraction section of a conventional wind tunnel is usually made of carbon steel. Due to the requirement of special working conditions, the large-caliber thin-wall contraction section with the inlet of 7 meters is made of stainless steel, the outer rib plates are sparse, the wall thickness and rigidity are poor, the precision requirement of the inner profile is high, and in order to ensure a high-quality flow field, the inner profile needs to be subjected to finish machining so as to meet the precision requirement of the profile.
The conventional processing technology of the conventional wind tunnel is only suitable for carbon steel contraction sections below 1 meter level, cannot meet the processing requirement of large-caliber contraction sections, and needs to develop a processing method of the complicated curved surface contraction section of the wind tunnel in order to ensure a high-quality flow field of the wind tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for processing a wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section.
The invention relates to a method for processing a wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section, which comprises the following steps:
s10, fixing a contraction section blank, enabling the large end face of the contraction section blank to be upward, and using an adjustable sizing block to pad the bottom of the contraction section blank;
s20, determining a feed method, namely, adopting a normal cutting method that a cutter shaft is vertical to a molded surface;
s30, determining a regional processing scheme, and dividing the inner profile into a plurality of regions according to the profile characteristics;
s40, selecting a five-axis numerical control planer type milling machine and a universal angle milling head which are suitable for a normal cutting method;
s50, detecting the machining allowance, aligning the entity according to the scribed line position of the forming procedure, detecting the machining allowance in a section-by-section mode through a programming tool detection mode, and establishing a machining reference;
s60, milling the molded surface of each area according to the procedures of rough machining, semi-finish machining and finish machining;
and S70, detecting the machining precision of the molded surface by adopting a molded surface detection method, and repeatedly performing finish machining until the machining precision of the molded surface meets the preset requirement.
Further, the contraction section blank is processed by adopting a steel plate material, and the steel plate material is 304L austenitic stainless steel.
Further, the roughing, i.e., roughing, is used to remove most of the excess from each region, bringing the profile of each region to a near finished condition in shape and size.
Further, the semi-finishing, i.e., semi-finish milling, further removes the allowance on the basis of rough machining.
Further, the finish machining is finish milling, so that the profile precision, the technical requirement and the surface quality of each area all meet the requirements of a drawing, and the finish machining realizes the combination of the areas.
Furthermore, the molded surface detection method is a sample plate gap method, and the sample plate gap method determines the processing precision of the curved surface by detecting the gap between the sample plate and the workpiece by the sample plate.
The processing method of the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section adopts a normal cutting feed method that the cutter shaft is vertical to the curved surface, greatly improves the processing efficiency compared with the traditional cutter arrangement processing method that the cutter shaft is vertical to the flange plane, and adopts a five-axis linkage numerical control planomiller and a universal angle milling head to realize the regional normal milling feed processing according to the feed method and the profile characteristics.
The processing method of the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section divides the molded surface into a plurality of processing areas according to the characteristics of the molded surface, and the processing is carried out in areas. The main problem of rough machining is to improve the machining efficiency, and due to the fact that large feeding amount and back cutting amount are used, the cutting force is large, the profile deformation and allowance conditions need to be strictly monitored in the machining process, and the cutting amount needs to be optimized. The main problem of the semi-finishing is the machining precision, so that the molded surface basically meets the machining precision requirement, and a finishing allowance is reserved. The main problems of finish machining are to improve the machining precision and surface quality of the molded surface, ensure the connection between a curved surface and an arc angle to be flat and realize the combination of all areas.
The machining method for the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section has the advantages of high precision and efficiency, has greater technical and economic advantages, provides beneficial engineering practice for machining the part complex curved surface of the similar contraction section, and can be popularized and applied to machining large-caliber thin-wall complex curved surfaces of other similar shapes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a contraction section processed by the processing method of the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a normal milling feed with a cutter shaft perpendicular to a curved surface in the method for processing a wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional scheme in the method for processing the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section of the present invention.
In the figure, the area I is two large curved surfaces, the area II is two small curved surfaces, and the area III is four arc angles.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The contraction section to be processed in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the inlet section is a rectangle with large round corners and is 7049 × 3057mm in size, the outlet section is a rectangle with small round corners and is 4000 × 2600mm in size, the axial length is 1620mm, the inner profile precision is 0.25mm, and the roughness is Ra6.3. The feed method is as shown in fig. 2, and a normal cutting feed method that a cutter shaft is vertical to a curved surface is adopted; according to the characteristics of the molded surface, the molded surface is divided into a plurality of processing areas as shown in figure 3, and the processing is carried out in areas; according to the feed method and the profile characteristics, a five-axis linkage numerical control planer type milling machine is adopted, and a universal angle milling head is used for realizing the normal milling feed processing of the subareas. The method comprises the following specific steps:
a. the big end of a workpiece, namely a contraction section blank, is upward, the bottom of the workpiece is tamped by an adjusting sizing block, the workpiece is aligned according to the scribing reference in the forming process, the reverse side of a big end flange is used as an auxiliary support, and the surface is fixed and clamped. The highest point of the upper end face is taken as a reference as a Z0 starting point, a cross center line carved on the periphery of the large-head flange is X, Y zero points, and machining allowance is detected by 8 sections clinically in a programming knife inspection mode. And (5) detecting results, wherein the allowance is within the range of 1-16.9 mm, and the requirement of the minimum wall thickness after processing is met.
b. The method comprises the following steps of respectively carrying out rough machining on a region I, a region II and a region III, wherein the rough machining is rough milling, most of allowance is mainly removed in the rough machining, the molded surface is approximately close to a finished product in shape and size, and the main problem considered in the rough machining process is that the machining efficiency is improved. Cutting parameters: vc = 60-150 m/min, Ap = 0.2-1 mm, Fz = 0.1-0.9 mm/z.
c. And respectively carrying out semi-finishing on the area I, the area II and the area III, wherein the semi-finishing is semi-finishing milling, the semi-finishing is to further remove allowance on the basis of rough machining, and the semi-finishing mainly considers the problem of machining precision in the stage, so that the molded surface basically meets the machining precision requirement, and a finishing allowance of 0.1mm is reserved. Cutting parameters: vc = 60-150 m/min, Ap = 0.1-0.5 mm, Fz = 0.1-0.9 mm/z.
d. And (3) performing finish machining on the region I, the region II and the region III respectively, wherein the finish machining is finish milling, the finish machining enables the precision, the technical requirement and the surface quality of the inner profile to meet the drawing requirements, and the finish machining mainly aims at improving the machining precision and the surface quality at this stage and ensuring that the curved surface and the arc angle are connected flatly. Cutting parameters: vc = 60-180 m/min, Ap = 0.1-0.5 mm, Fz = 0.1-0.5 mm/z.
e. The machining precision of the molded surface is detected by a sample plate gap method, and the machining precision of the curved surface is determined by detecting the gap between the sample plate and the workpiece by the sample plate. Through detection, the profile precision of the contraction section is within 0.25mm, and the profile precision requirement is met.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, but it can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications and refinements will readily occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.
Claims (6)
1. A processing method of a wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, fixing a contraction section blank, enabling the large end face of the contraction section blank to be upward, and using an adjustable sizing block to pad the bottom of the contraction section blank;
s20, determining a feed method, namely, adopting a normal cutting method that a cutter shaft is vertical to a molded surface;
s30, determining a regional processing scheme, and dividing the inner profile into a plurality of regions according to the profile characteristics;
s40, selecting a five-axis numerical control planer type milling machine and a universal angle milling head which are suitable for a normal cutting method;
s50, detecting the machining allowance, aligning the entity according to the scribed line position of the forming procedure, detecting the machining allowance in a section-by-section mode through a programming tool detection mode, and establishing a machining reference;
s60, milling the molded surface of each area according to the procedures of rough machining, semi-finish machining and finish machining;
and S70, detecting the machining precision of the molded surface by adopting a molded surface detection method, and repeatedly performing finish machining until the machining precision of the molded surface meets the preset requirement.
2. The method for processing the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section according to claim 1, wherein the contraction section blank is processed by using a steel plate material, and the steel plate material is 304L austenitic stainless steel.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rough machining is rough milling, and is used for removing most of the allowance of each region, so that the profile of each region is close to the finished product in shape and size.
4. The method for machining the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section according to claim 1, wherein semi-finishing, namely semi-finishing milling, further removes allowance on the basis of rough machining.
5. The method for processing the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section according to claim 1, wherein the finish machining is finish milling, so that the profile precision, the technical requirement and the surface quality of each region all meet the requirements of a drawing, and the finish machining realizes the combination of the regions.
6. The method for processing the wind tunnel complex curved surface contraction section according to claim 1, wherein the profile detection method is a sample plate gap method, and the sample plate gap method determines the curved surface processing precision by detecting the gap between the sample plate and the workpiece by means of the sample plate.
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