CN114799215A - Method for controlling deformation of annular thin-wall part by selective laser melting forming - Google Patents
Method for controlling deformation of annular thin-wall part by selective laser melting forming Download PDFInfo
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- CN114799215A CN114799215A CN202210059723.3A CN202210059723A CN114799215A CN 114799215 A CN114799215 A CN 114799215A CN 202210059723 A CN202210059723 A CN 202210059723A CN 114799215 A CN114799215 A CN 114799215A
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
- B22F10/47—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by structural features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling selective laser melting forming deformation of an annular thin-wall part, which comprises the following steps of: s1, model processing: designing a fixed seat and a hollow columnar structure support according to the characteristics of the annular thin-wall curved surface structure part; s2, selective laser melting and forming: performing selective laser melting forming operation on the parts with the added fixing seats and hollow columnar structures as complete parts, wherein the technological parameters of the fixing seats and the hollow columnar supports are the same as those of the parts; s3, stress relief annealing; s4, wire cutting: separating the part from the substrate by wire cutting after the heat treatment is finished; s5, removing the support; s6, surface treatment: and after the part is unsupported, performing surface treatment on the part according to requirements. The annular thin-wall curved surface structure is connected into a whole through the hollow columnar structure support and the fixing seat, so that the integral strength of the structure is improved, and the deformation of the thin-wall curved surface structure caused by stress contraction in the forming process is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of selective laser melting forming 3D printing, in particular to a selective laser melting forming deformation control method for an annular thin-wall part.
Background
As is well known, in the selective laser melting and forming process, due to the characteristics of rapid melting and rapid solidification, large stress exists in the formed part. When forming thin-walled ring-like parts, the deformation caused by stress is more pronounced, and this deformation can cause irregular concave or convex protrusions on the sides of the thin annular wall, as shown in fig. 1 below. This situation seriously affects the functional effects of the parts, such as flow characteristics, heat transfer efficiency, etc., and most causes the performance of the engine to be reduced. At present, a large number of additive manufacturing processes for selective laser melting and forming are adopted in the novel development process of an engine, and parts such as a casing, a flame tube and the like in the engine are manufactured by the additive manufacturing processes. The structural characteristics of the parts are all complex annular thin-walled structures, and if the parts cannot be effectively deformed and controlled in the forming process, the design function of the parts cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling deformation of annular thin-wall parts by selective laser melting forming.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a method for controlling the deformation of annular thin-wall parts by selective laser melting forming comprises the following steps:
s1, model processing: designing a fixed seat and a hollow columnar structure support according to the characteristics of the annular thin-wall curved surface structure part;
s2, selective laser melting and forming: performing selective laser melting forming operation on the parts with the added fixing seats and hollow columnar structures as complete parts, wherein the technological parameters of the fixing seats and the hollow columnar supports are the same as those of the parts;
s3, stress relief annealing: after the selective laser melting and forming is completed, taking down the part and the substrate from the equipment, lifting the substrate, cleaning the substrate and powder on the periphery of the part, cleaning metal powder in the hollow columnar structure, and placing the part into a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress relief heat treatment after the powder is cleaned;
s4, wire cutting: separating the part from the substrate by wire cutting after the heat treatment is finished;
s5, removing the support;
s6, surface treatment: and after the part is unsupported, performing surface treatment on the part according to requirements.
Furthermore, the hollow columnar structures are uniformly distributed around the annular thin wall.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the hollow structure supported by the hollow columnar structure is provided with a powder discharge hole with the diameter of 2 mm.
Further, the wall thickness of the hollow columnar structure is 1-1.2 times of that of the thin-wall annular structure.
Further, the angle between the hollow columnar structure and the forming direction of the part is not more than 45 degrees.
Furthermore, the inside of the fixed seat is of a lattice filling structure.
Furthermore, the hollow columnar structure is connected with the fixed seat through a through hole.
Compared with the prior art, the method for controlling the selective laser melting forming deformation of the annular thin-wall part has the beneficial effects that: the annular thin-wall curved surface structure is connected into a whole through the hollow columnar structure support and the fixing seat, so that the integral strength of the structure is improved, and the deformation of the thin-wall curved surface structure caused by stress contraction in the forming process is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the three-dimensional scanning results of the parts of the casing and the cabin.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the deformation control device for the thin-walled structure with an annular curved surface.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a device for controlling deformation of an annular-shaped curved thin-walled structure.
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a deformation control device for a thin-walled structure with an annular curved surface
Fig. 5 shows the three-dimensional scanning results of the casing and the cabin by using the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 2, the deformation control device for the annular curved surface thin-wall structure plays a key role in controlling the deformation of parts. The annular thin-wall part can deform in the selective laser melting forming process because the thin-wall part cannot resist the external force generated by part shrinkage in the forming process, and finally the part is unstable in the selective laser melting forming process to cause irregular deformation of the side surface.
According to the invention, starting from the source of deformation generation in the forming process of the annular thin-wall part, constraints are added to the annular thin wall from the inner side and the outer side in the forming process of the annular thin wall to control the deformation, so that the annular thin wall grows under the condition of external force constraint in the forming process. It can be seen from fig. 1 that the apparatus is divided into two parts, the first part is a columnar structural support 100 which is uniformly distributed around the annular thin wall 300 and plays a role in uniformly restraining the thin-wall annular ring during the forming process. In order to save the additive manufacturing cost and accelerate the additive manufacturing part processing cycle, the columnar structure is specially designed, as shown in the condition in the attached drawing 3, the columnar structure is designed into a hollow structure, and the powder discharging hole 400 with the diameter of about 2mm is designed on the outer wall of the hollow structure, so that the residual powder in the hollow structure after printing is conveniently removed. The wall thickness of the hollow columnar structure is 1-1.2 times of that of the thin-wall annular structure, and the angle between the hollow columnar structure and the forming direction of the part is not more than 45 degrees, so that the direct forming of the columnar structure is facilitated. The second part of the support device is shown in the drawing 2 and is called a fixed seat 200, and the second part is mainly used for stabilizing the support of the hollow cylindrical structure and connecting the hollow cylindrical structure and the annular thin-wall curved surface into a whole to resist the shrinkage stress in the selective laser melting forming process. The design of the fixing base can be adjusted according to the shape and structure of the ring-shaped component, as shown in fig. 4, a lattice filling structure 500 is provided inside the fixing base to increase the strength of the fixing base. The connection details of the fixing seat and the hollow columnar structure are shown in the attached figure 2, the hollow columnar structure is connected with the fixing seat through a through hole 600, and the existence of the through hole is better than the removal of metal powder in the part channel after the selective laser melting forming. Meanwhile, a row of powder discharging holes are designed on the hollow columnar structure, as shown in the attached drawing 3, the powder discharging holes can form a loop with the powder discharging holes on the fixed base, and the metal powder in the cavity channel can be completely removed in the subsequent powder cleaning process after the loop is formed.
A method for controlling the deformation of annular thin-wall parts by selective laser melting forming comprises the following steps:
s1, model processing: designing a fixed seat and a hollow columnar structure support according to the characteristics of annular thin-wall curved surface structural parts (such as a casing, a flame tube and the like);
s2, selective laser melting and forming: performing laser selective melting forming operation on the parts added with the fixed seat and the hollow columnar structure as complete parts, wherein the technological parameters of the fixed seat and the hollow columnar support are the same as those of the parts, for example, the case uses GH4169, and the fixed seat and the shape-controlled columnar structure also use GH 4169;
s3, stress relief annealing: after the selective laser melting and forming is completed, taking down the part and the substrate from the equipment, lifting the substrate, cleaning the substrate and the powder on the periphery of the part, particularly, cleaning the metal powder in the hollow columnar structure, putting the part into a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress removal heat treatment after the powder cleaning is completed, wherein the heat treatment system is determined according to the used material;
s4, wire cutting: separating the part from the substrate by wire cutting after the heat treatment is finished;
s5, removing the support, carefully and carefully removing the added support by using tools such as an offset pliers, a chisel, a hammer and the like, and taking care to protect the part from damaging the surface of the part in the support removing process;
s6, surface treatment: and after the part is unsupported, performing surface treatment on the part according to requirements.
The annular thin-wall curved surface structure is connected into a whole through the hollow columnar structure support and the fixing seat, so that the integral strength of the structure is improved, and the deformation of the thin-wall curved surface structure caused by stress contraction in the forming process is prevented. After the supporting structure is used for a casing structure, the three-dimensional scanning result is shown in figure 5, and the method can be used for effectively controlling the deformation of the annular thin-wall curved surface structure by selective laser melting forming.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A method for controlling the deformation of annular thin-wall parts by selective laser melting forming is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, model processing: designing a fixed seat and a hollow columnar structure support according to the characteristics of the annular thin-wall curved surface structure part;
s2, selective laser melting and forming: performing selective laser melting forming operation on the parts with the added fixing seats and hollow columnar structures as complete parts, wherein the technological parameters of the fixing seats and the hollow columnar supports are the same as those of the parts;
s3, stress relief annealing: after the selective laser melting and forming is completed, taking down the part and the substrate from the equipment, lifting the substrate, cleaning the substrate and powder on the periphery of the part, cleaning metal powder in the hollow columnar structure, and placing the part into a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress relief heat treatment after the powder is cleaned;
s4, wire cutting: separating the part from the substrate by wire cutting after the heat treatment is finished;
s5, removing the support;
s6, surface treatment: and after the part is unsupported, performing surface treatment on the part according to requirements.
2. The selective laser melting forming deformation control method for the annular thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow columnar structures are uniformly distributed around the annular thin wall.
3. The selective laser melting forming deformation control method for the annular thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the hollow structure supported by the hollow columnar structure is provided with a powder discharge hole with the diameter of 2 mm.
4. The selective laser melting forming deformation control method for the annular thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wall thickness of the hollow columnar structure is 1-1.2 times of that of the thin-wall annular structure.
5. The selective laser melting forming deformation control method for the annular thin-walled part according to claim 4, characterized in that: the angle between the hollow columnar structure and the forming direction of the part is not more than 45 degrees.
6. The method for controlling the deformation of the annular thin-walled part formed by selective laser melting and forming of the annular thin-walled part according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the fixed seat is of a lattice filling structure.
7. The selective laser melting forming deformation control method for the annular thin-walled part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hollow columnar structure is connected with the fixed seat through a through hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210059723.3A CN114799215A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Method for controlling deformation of annular thin-wall part by selective laser melting forming |
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| CN202210059723.3A CN114799215A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Method for controlling deformation of annular thin-wall part by selective laser melting forming |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115319113A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Laser selective melting manufacturing method for aeroengine cyclone casing |
| CN115889810A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-04-04 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Selective laser melting forming deformation control technology for thin-wall closely-arranged runner component |
| CN116275118A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Thin-wall cavity supporting structure based on laser material-increasing technology |
| CN116571763A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-11 | 北京易加三维科技有限公司 | Large thin-wall titanium alloy part printing method and system based on laser selective melting |
| CN117282983A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-12-26 | 航发优材(镇江)增材制造有限公司 | Shape control method for laser selective melting forming space curved surface structure |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115319113A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-11 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Laser selective melting manufacturing method for aeroengine cyclone casing |
| CN115889810A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-04-04 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Selective laser melting forming deformation control technology for thin-wall closely-arranged runner component |
| CN116275118A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Thin-wall cavity supporting structure based on laser material-increasing technology |
| CN116275118B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-08 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Thin-wall cavity supporting structure based on laser material-increasing technology |
| CN116571763A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-11 | 北京易加三维科技有限公司 | Large thin-wall titanium alloy part printing method and system based on laser selective melting |
| CN116571763B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-19 | 北京易加三维科技有限公司 | Large thin-wall titanium alloy part printing method and system based on laser selective melting |
| CN117282983A (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2023-12-26 | 航发优材(镇江)增材制造有限公司 | Shape control method for laser selective melting forming space curved surface structure |
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