CN114798669B - Process for reducing metal impurity content of battery regeneration material and production system - Google Patents
Process for reducing metal impurity content of battery regeneration material and production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114798669B CN114798669B CN202210453515.1A CN202210453515A CN114798669B CN 114798669 B CN114798669 B CN 114798669B CN 202210453515 A CN202210453515 A CN 202210453515A CN 114798669 B CN114798669 B CN 114798669B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 213
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 7
- IUVCFHHAEHNCFT-INIZCTEOSA-N 2-[(1s)-1-[4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)chromen-4-one Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(OC(C)C)=CC=C1C(C1=C(N)N=CN=C11)=NN1[C@@H](C)C1=C(C=2C=C(F)C=CC=2)C(=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2O1 IUVCFHHAEHNCFT-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012612 commercial material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000022131 cell cycle Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/04—Safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of battery material recovery, in particular to a process and a production system for reducing the content of metal impurities in battery reworked materials. A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of: step A, sorting the battery pole pieces; step B, soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the sorted battery pole pieces by using a crusher to obtain coarse crushed materials; and C, collecting the coarse crushed materials, and sieving the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time to obtain the battery reclaimed material. The process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reworked material can effectively reduce the metal impurity content in the battery reworked material, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has low production cost, the production system can realize the production of the battery reworked material with low metal impurity content, and meets the requirement on the metal impurity content in the battery reworked material, and the problem that the quality of the battery reworked material is affected due to high metal impurity content in the battery reworked material recovered by the battery material recovery process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery material recovery, in particular to a process and a production system for reducing the content of metal impurities in battery reworked materials.
Background
In recent years, with the gradual enhancement of environmental awareness of the public, the electric automobile market in China is rapidly developed. Along with the rapid industrialization of new energy vehicles and the rapid progress of sales thereof, the holding capacity of lithium ion power batteries also rapidly increases, and meanwhile, the problems of environmental pollution and reasonable recycling of waste lithium ion power batteries become the current and even future problems of general concern and urgent need to be solved at home and abroad. In recent years, research on recovery treatment of electrode materials in waste batteries at home and abroad is increasing, and at present, when the recovered battery pole pieces are treated in the industry, the two types of wet treatment and dry treatment are divided, and as the wet recovery has great environmental pollution, the duty ratio of the dry recovery is gradually increased, but in the current dry recovery treatment process, more metal impurities are generated when battery powder and foil are stripped, and the quality of battery recovery materials is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the background technology, the invention aims to provide a process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reclaimed material, which can effectively reduce the metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, has low production cost, and solves the problem that the quality of the battery reclaimed material is affected due to high metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material recovered by the battery material recovery process.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a production system applied to the above process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reworked material, which can realize the production of the battery reworked material with low metal impurity content, and meet the requirement on the metal impurity content in the battery reworked material, and solve the problem that the quality of the battery reworked material is affected due to high metal impurity content in the battery reworked material recovered by the battery material recovery process.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces;
step B, soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the sorted battery pole pieces by using a crusher to obtain coarse crushed materials;
and C, collecting the coarse crushed materials, and sieving the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time to obtain the battery reclaimed material.
In the step a, the step a further includes pole piece cleaning of the sorted pole pieces.
In the step C, any one of a straight screen, an in-line screen, a rotary screen or a rotary vibration screen is selected for the first sieving of the collected coarse crushed material.
Further, in the step C, the number of the screen meshes for first sieving the collected coarse crushed materials is 80-200 meshes.
Further, the step C further comprises the steps of carrying out air current crushing, batch mixing, secondary sieving, demagnetizing and product packaging on the materials after the first sieving.
Further, the step of calcining is included between the step of jet milling and the step of batch mixing.
The production system is applied to the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regeneration material and comprises a pulverizer, a powder collecting device and a sieving device, wherein the discharging end of the pulverizer is connected with the feeding end of the powder collecting device, and the discharging end of the powder collecting device is connected with the feeding end of the sieving device;
the pulverizer comprises a frame, a feeding mechanism and a pulverizing mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism and the pulverizing mechanism are arranged on the frame, the feeding mechanism is arranged above the pulverizing mechanism, the pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing box, a cutter assembly and a first driving device, the cutter assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the pulverizing box, and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the pulverizing box;
The cutter assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a plurality of first rotating blocks, a plurality of second rotating blocks, a plurality of cutter fixing shafts and a plurality of cutters, wherein the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are opposite to each other and are respectively and rotatably arranged in the crushing box, one end of the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the first driving device, a plurality of first rotating blocks are fixedly arranged at the other end of the first rotating shaft, a plurality of second rotating blocks are fixedly arranged at one end, close to the first rotating shaft, of the second rotating shaft, the first rotating blocks are symmetrically arranged with the second rotating blocks, the first rotating blocks are arranged in a crossing manner, and the second rotating blocks are arranged in a crossing manner;
the utility model discloses a cutter, including first rotating block, second rotating block, cutter fixed axle, first rotating block, cutter fixed axle, second rotating block, cutter fixed axle spacer sleeve is equipped with a plurality of stop collars, adjacent two be equipped with the installation clearance between the stop collar, cutter rotate install in the installation clearance, just the cutter limit is located in the installation clearance, cutter fixed axle's one end fixed connection with first rotating block symmetry sets up the second rotating block, a plurality of cutter fixed axle are parallel to each other.
Further stated, the said feed mechanism includes the feed box, third spindle and second actuating device, the said third spindle rotates and sets up in the said feed box, the said output end of the said second actuating device is connected with said third spindle drive, the said third spindle is fitted with and guided the material cutter, the said material cutter is provided with many and guided the material blade along the circumference interval, said material blade is provided with many and guided the material tooth along the length direction of oneself;
the feeding box is provided with a first feeding hole on one side of the third rotating shaft, a first discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the feeding box, and the first discharging hole is located above the cutter assembly.
Still further illustratively, the feed mechanism further includes a feed conduit having a feed end in communication with the first discharge port of the feed tank and a discharge end of the feed conduit positioned above the cutter assembly.
Still further described, the powder collection device comprises a powder collection box, a pulse dust collector and a stock bin, wherein the feeding end of the powder collection box is connected with the discharging end of the pulverizer, the discharging end of the powder collection box is connected with the feeding end of the pulse dust collector, the discharging end of the pulse dust collector is connected with the feeding end of the stock bin, and the discharging end of the stock bin is connected with the feeding end of the sieving device.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the soft rubbing and coarse crushing are carried out on the battery pole piece, so that the collision frequency and strength of foil materials and cutters are greatly reduced while the higher collection rate of powder materials is ensured, the coarse crushed materials after soft rubbing and coarse crushing are screened for the first time, metal impurities are screened and removed, the metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material can be effectively reduced, the battery reclaimed material with low metal impurity content is obtained, and the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reclaimed material can effectively reduce the metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material, is energy-saving and environment-friendly, has low production cost, and solves the problem that the quality of the battery reclaimed material is influenced due to the high metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material recovered by the battery material recovery process;
the production system applied to the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reclaimed material can realize the production of the battery reclaimed material with low metal impurity content, meets the requirement on the metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material, and solves the problem that the quality of the battery reclaimed material is affected due to high metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material recovered by the battery material recovery process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a production system of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a pulverizer of a production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a pulverizer of a production system according to an embodiment of the present invention (with the cover removed);
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a cutter assembly of a pulverizer of a production system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cutter assembly of the pulverizer of the production system of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a cutter stationary shaft of a cutter assembly of a pulverizer of a production system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a third rotary shaft of a feeding mechanism of a pulverizer of a production system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of a process of reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material for graphite anode material recovery according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the particle diameter distribution of the battery reclaimed material (graphite powder) of example A2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of a process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material for use in the recovery of lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the particle diameter distribution of the battery reclaimed material (lithium iron phosphate powder) of example B1 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a graph of the effect of different Al contents on the high temperature storage performance of lithium iron phosphate cells (internal resistance increase);
fig. 13 is a graph of the effect of different Al contents on the high temperature storage performance of lithium iron phosphate cells (capacity degradation);
wherein: the pulverizer 101, the powder collecting device 102, the powder collecting box 1021, the pulse dust collector 1022, the stock bin 1023, the sieving device 103, the frame 1, the feeding mechanism 2, the feeding box 21, the first feeding port 211, the third rotating shaft 22, the material guiding cutter 221, the material guiding cutter 2211, the material guiding teeth 2212, the second driving device 23, the feeding pipe 24, the pulverizing mechanism 3, the pulverizing box 31, the box body 311, the cover 312, the cutter assembly 32, the first rotating shaft 321, the second rotating shaft 322, the first rotating block 323, the second rotating block 324, the cutter fixing shaft 325, the limiting sleeve 3251, the mounting gap 3252, the cutter 326, the first driving device 33, and the gear 4.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly, for distinguishing between the descriptive features, and not sequentially, and not lightly.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces;
step B, soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the sorted battery pole pieces by using a crusher to obtain coarse crushed materials;
and C, collecting the coarse crushed materials, and sieving the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time to obtain the battery reclaimed material.
According to the invention, the battery pole piece is subjected to soft rubbing and coarse crushing, so that the collision frequency and strength of foil materials and cutters are greatly reduced while the higher collection rate of powder materials is ensured, the coarse crushed materials after soft rubbing and coarse crushing are subjected to first sieving, and metal impurities are removed by sieving, so that the metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material can be effectively reduced, and the battery reclaimed material with low metal impurity content is obtained.
In the step a, the step a further includes pole piece cleaning of the sorted pole pieces.
Specifically, in the step a, the battery pole piece includes leftover material pole pieces and invalid material pole pieces, after the battery pole pieces are sorted, pole piece cleaning is performed on the sorted pole pieces, specifically, the pole piece cleaning is performed on the battery pole pieces by blowing gas, dust or impurities on the surface of the battery pole pieces are removed, and the impurity content of the prepared battery reworked material is effectively reduced.
In the step C, any one of a straight screen, an in-line screen, a rotary screen or a rotary vibration screen is selected for the first sieving of the collected coarse crushed material.
After soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the battery pole pieces, the collected coarse crushed materials are sieved, metal impurities can be removed through sieving, and battery reclaimed materials with low metal impurity content are obtained after sieving, wherein the screens of a linear screen, a straight screen, a rotary screen and a rotary vibration screen are characterized in that the productivity of the rotary screen is high, but the maintenance is more troublesome and the maintenance frequency is high; the productivity of using the rotary vibrating screen is low, but the maintenance frequency is low; the productivity of using a linear screen is high and the maintenance frequency is general, so that the screen can be selected according to productivity and economy.
Preferably, in the step C, the number of the screen meshes of the coarse crushed material obtained by the collection and the first screening is 80-200 meshes.
By limiting the number of screens to be screened in the step C, if the number of screens to be screened is too large, productivity and productivity are reduced, and if the number of screens to be screened is too small, the metal impurity content of the battery recycling material is increased, and further, it is explained that the number of screens to be screened is preferably 100 mesh, and the metal impurity content of the battery recycling material can be effectively reduced while ensuring productivity and productivity.
Further, the step C further comprises the steps of carrying out air current crushing, batch mixing, secondary sieving, demagnetizing and product packaging on the materials after the first sieving.
The purpose of the first sieving in step C is to remove metal impurities (to control the content of metal impurities in the battery regeneration material); the subsequent jet milling is performed to further reduce the particle size of the battery reclaimed material so that the battery reclaimed material meets the standards of commercial materials; batch mixing is to ensure consistency of each batch in production; the second sieving is performed in order to control the maximum particle size (Dmax) of the product powder; the deironing is to remove magnetism; after each procedure, the materials are packed finally, and the obtained battery reworked material has low impurity content and good quality.
Further, the step of calcining is included between the step of jet milling and the step of batch mixing.
The battery pole piece can be a graphite pole piece or a lithium iron phosphate pole piece, because the binder of the lithium iron phosphate positive pole material is usually polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), the binder of the graphite negative pole material is usually styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), the price of PVDF is more expensive than that of SBR, the PVDF still has stronger cohesiveness when being directly used without calcination, the battery cell requirement can be met, the SBR is cheaper, the price of the binder, the calcination cost and the electrochemical performance are comprehensively considered, so that calcination is not needed when the lithium iron phosphate pole piece is recovered, calcination is needed when the graphite pole piece is recovered, and the purpose of calcination is to remove the SBR.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a production system is applied to the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regeneration material, and comprises a pulverizer 101, a powder collecting device 102 and a sieving device 103, wherein the discharging end of the pulverizer 101 is connected with the feeding end of the powder collecting device 102, and the discharging end of the powder collecting device 102 is connected with the feeding end of the sieving device 103;
the pulverizer 101 comprises a frame 1, a feeding mechanism 2 and a pulverizing mechanism 3, wherein the feeding mechanism 2 and the pulverizing mechanism 3 are arranged on the frame 1, the feeding mechanism 2 is arranged above the pulverizing mechanism 3, the pulverizing mechanism 3 comprises a pulverizing box 31, a cutter assembly 32 and a first driving device 33, the cutter assembly 32 is arranged in an inner cavity of the pulverizing box 31, and a discharge end of the feeding mechanism 2 is connected with a feeding end of the pulverizing box 31;
the cutter assembly 32 comprises a first rotating shaft 321, a second rotating shaft 322, a plurality of first rotating blocks 323, a plurality of second rotating blocks 324, a plurality of cutter fixing shafts 325 and a plurality of cutters 326, wherein the first rotating shaft 321 and the second rotating shaft 322 are opposite to each other and are respectively and rotatably arranged in the crushing box 31, one end of the first rotating shaft 321 is in transmission connection with the output end of the first driving device 33, a plurality of first rotating blocks 323 are fixedly arranged at the other end of the first rotating shaft 321, a plurality of second rotating blocks 324 are fixedly arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft 322, which is close to the first rotating shaft 321, the first rotating blocks 323 and the second rotating blocks 324 are symmetrically arranged, the first rotating blocks 323 are arranged in a crossed manner, and the second rotating blocks 324 are arranged in a crossed manner;
The first rotating block 323 and the second rotating block 324 are fixedly connected with a cutter fixing shaft 325, one end of the cutter fixing shaft 325 is fixedly connected with the first rotating block 323, the other end of the cutter fixing shaft 325 is fixedly connected with the second rotating block 324 which is symmetrically arranged with the first rotating block 323, a plurality of cutter fixing shafts 325 are mutually parallel, a plurality of limiting sleeves 3251 are sleeved on the cutter fixing shaft 325 at intervals, an installation gap 3252 is arranged between every two adjacent limiting sleeves 3251, the cutter 326 is rotatably installed in the installation gap 3252, and the cutter 326 is limited in the installation gap 3252.
Through setting the pulverizer 101, the pulverizer 101 is used for carrying out soft kneading and coarse crushing on battery pole pieces, then the coarse crushed materials are collected through the material collecting device 102, and then the first sieving treatment of the coarse crushed materials is carried out through the sieving device 103, so that battery reclaimed materials with low metal impurity content are obtained;
in the pulverizer 101, through setting up feed mechanism 2 with in the pulverizer 3, the battery pole piece passes through feed mechanism 2 gets into in the pulverizing box 31 of pulverizer 3, because cutter 326 rotate install in installation clearance 3252, promptly cutter 326 is the interval dispersion ground install on the cutter fixed axle 325, when pulverizer 101 is inoperative, cutter 326 is in the free vertical state downwards, when pulverizer 101 is during operation, first drive arrangement 33 is used for driving first pivot 321 rotates, first pivot 321 rotates and drives first rotating block 323 cutter fixed axle 325, second rotating block 324 and second pivot 322 rotate, at this moment cutter 326 follows centrifugal force outwards swings all around, when cutter 326 and battery pole piece collide with each other, thereby realize the soft rubbing coarse crushing of battery pole piece, can greatly reduce cutter 326 and battery pole piece's foil material collision strength, thereby reduce more than the mechanical impurity of the battery pole piece's that the metal foil material collided with the battery pole piece is hard, the mechanical impurity is more is carried out in the mechanical contact with the battery to the metal foil material of the installation of more than the current, the cutter is more broken in the mechanical impurity is carried out simultaneously.
The production system can realize the production of the battery reclaimed material with low metal impurity content, meets the requirement on the metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material, and solves the problem that the quality of the battery reclaimed material is affected due to high metal impurity content in the battery reclaimed material recovered by the battery material recovery process.
Preferably, two first rotating blocks 323 are provided, the two first rotating blocks 323 are vertically crossed, the two first rotating blocks 323 are attached to each other, and two ends of the first rotating blocks 323 in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with the tool fixing shaft 325;
the two second rotating blocks 324 are arranged, the two second rotating blocks 324 are vertically crossed, the two second rotating blocks 324 are attached to each other, and two ends of the second rotating blocks 324 in the length direction are fixedly connected with the tool fixing shafts 325 respectively.
It should be noted that 2 to 5 tool fixing shafts 325 may be provided, the mounting positions of the tool fixing shafts 325 are distributed on the rotating circumference of the first rotating shaft 321 and the second rotating shaft 322, and a tool moving space is reserved between the tool fixing shafts 325, so that the tools 326 are ensured not to collide with each other when swinging outwards under the action of centrifugal force.
In this embodiment, the first rotating block 323 and the second rotating block 324 are respectively provided with two rotating blocks, two ends of the first rotating block 323 in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with the cutter fixing shafts 325, two ends of the second rotating block 324 in the length direction are respectively and fixedly connected with the cutter fixing shafts 325, that is, the cutter fixing shafts 325 are provided with four rotating blocks, the utilization rate of equipment space is high, and the kneading and coarse crushing effect is good.
Specifically, the first rotating blocks 323 are provided with first mounting holes, one end of the first rotating shaft 321 is in transmission connection with the output end of the first driving device 33, the other end of the first rotating shaft 321 sequentially passes through the first mounting holes of the two first rotating blocks 323 and is fixedly connected with the two first rotating blocks 323, the second rotating blocks 324 are provided with second mounting holes, and one end, close to the first rotating shaft 321, of the second rotating shaft 322 sequentially passes through the second mounting holes of the two second rotating blocks 324 and is fixedly connected with the two second rotating blocks 324.
Specifically, the cutters 326 on two adjacent cutter fixing shafts 325 are disposed in a staggered manner.
Through with two adjacent on the cutter fixed axle 325 cutter 326 looks wrong setting, can make full use of space, prevent that two adjacent on the cutter fixed axle 325 cutter 326 from taking place the collision, guarantee the kibbling effect of pole piece, reduce the fault rate of equipment.
Specifically, the cutter 326 is provided with a third mounting hole, and the cutter 326 is mounted in the mounting gap 3252 by the third mounting.
Preferably, the total number of the cutters 326 is 20 to 50 sheets, and the total number of the cutters 326 is an odd number.
By setting the total number of the cutters 326 to 20 to 50 sheets, and the total number of the cutters 326 to an odd number, if the number of the cutters 326 is large, the frequency of contact with the pole piece is high, the more powder on the foil is peeled off, the higher the production efficiency is, but the higher the content of metal impurities is accompanied, so the number of the cutters 326 is limited in this range, and the content of metal impurities in the battery reclaimed material is low while the production efficiency is ensured;
in addition, the positions of the cutters 326 can be effectively distributed by the number of the cutters 326 with odd values, when the cutters 326 work, the cutters 326 with odd values can be staggered in a centrifugal outward swinging state, so that the cutters 326 are prevented from being collided to introduce magnetic impurities, and in addition, the cutters 326 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the cutters are more convenient to overhaul.
Preferably, the cutter 326 has a rectangular shape, and the thickness of the cutter 326 is 5 to 20mm.
By limiting the shape and thickness of the cutter 326, the crushing effect of the cutter 326 on the battery material can be ensured, if the cutter 326 is too thin, the foil can be easily cut off, the content of metal impurities is increased, if the cutter 326 is too thick, the soft rubbing and rough crushing efficiency of the pole piece can be influenced, the productivity is influenced, specifically, the length and the width of the cutter 326 are determined according to the size of the crusher, and generally the length of the cutter 326 is more than 25cm.
Further describing, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding box 21, a third rotating shaft 22 and a second driving device 23, the third rotating shaft 22 is rotatably disposed in the feeding box 21, an output end of the second driving device 23 is in transmission connection with the third rotating shaft 22, the third rotating shaft 22 is sleeved with a material guiding cutter 221, the material guiding cutter 221 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of material guiding blades 2211 at intervals, and the material guiding blades 2211 are provided with a plurality of material guiding teeth 2212 along a length direction thereof;
the feeding box 21 is provided with a first feeding hole 211 at one side of the third rotating shaft 22, a first discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the feeding box 21, and the first discharging hole is located above the cutter assembly 32.
Through setting up draw material cutter 221, draw the material tooth 2212 on the material blade 2211 can prick on the battery pole piece, through second drive arrangement 23 drive the rotation of third pivot 22 drives draw material cutter 221 rotates, drives the battery pole piece feeding at this moment to smash in the inner chamber of case 31, realize smashing of pole piece.
Further, the first rotating shaft 321 and the second rotating shaft 322 may be rotatably mounted on the crushing box 31 through bearings, the second driving device 23 is a motor, the output shaft of the second driving device 23 is mounted with a gear 4, the third rotating shaft 22 is mounted with a gear 4, and the gear 4 mounted on the output shaft of the second driving device 23 and the gear 4 mounted on the third rotating shaft 22 are wound with a transmission chain, so that the second driving device 23 may drive the third rotating shaft 22 to rotate.
Further illustratively, the feed mechanism 2 further includes a feed conduit 24, the feed end of the feed conduit 24 being in communication with the first outlet of the feed tank 21, the discharge end of the feed conduit 24 being located above the cutter assembly 32.
By arranging the feeding pipeline 24, the materials to be crushed in the feeding box 21 are conveyed into the inner cavity of the crushing box 31, so that the materials are crushed, the conveying efficiency is effectively improved, and the materials are prevented from falling into the production environment to cause environmental pollution.
Further, the crushing box 31 includes a box body 311 and a cover body 312, the first rotating shaft 321 and the second rotating shaft 322 are respectively rotatably disposed on the box body 311, the cover body 312 is covered on the top of the box body 311, a second feeding port is disposed on the top of the cover body 312, and the discharging end of the feeding pipe 24 is communicated with the second feeding port of the cover body 312.
Through setting up box 311 with cover body 312, cover body 312 can be right cutter component 32 protects, avoids smashing in-process powder everywhere to guarantee the clean and tidy of production environment, in addition, through set up at the top of cover body 312 the second feed inlet realizes feed mechanism 2's discharge end with smash the feed end of case 31 and be connected, conveniently to smash the feed of mechanism 3.
Further, the first rotating shaft 321 and the second rotating shaft 322 may be rotatably mounted on the crushing box 31 through bearings, the first driving device 33 is a motor, the gear 4 is mounted on an output shaft of the first driving device 33, the gear 4 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 321, and a transmission chain is wound around the gear 4 mounted on the output shaft of the first driving device 33 and the gear 4 mounted on the first rotating shaft 321, so that the first driving device 33 may drive the first rotating shaft 321 to rotate.
Specifically, the powder collecting device 102 includes a powder collecting box 1021, a pulse dust collector 1022 and a stock bin 1023, wherein a feeding end of the powder collecting box 1021 is connected with a discharging end of the pulverizer 101, a discharging end of the powder collecting box 1021 is connected with a feeding end of the pulse dust collector 1022, a discharging end of the pulse dust collector 1022 is connected with a feeding end of the stock bin 1023, and a discharging end of the stock bin 1023 is connected with a feeding end of the sieving device 103.
The battery pole pieces are subjected to soft kneading and coarse crushing through a crusher 101, then coarse crushed materials are collected through a powder collecting box 1021, the coarse crushed materials are collected into a stock bin 1023 after dust removal through a pulse dust collector 1022, and then the first sieving treatment of the coarse crushed materials is performed through a sieving device 103, so that the battery reclaimed material with low metal impurity content is obtained.
It should be noted that, the pulverizer 102 is close to the second discharge port that is provided on one side of the powder collection box 1021, the second discharge port is blocked by a baffle plate, so as to ensure that powder can not fly out during operation, and the powder collection box 1021 and the second discharge port of the pulverizer 102 can be pumped by a fan.
Further, the sieving device 103 may be any one of a straight screen, an in-line screen, a rotary screen, or a rotary screen.
Further, after the coarse crushed materials obtained by collection in the step C are screened for the first time, the materials screened for the first time are subjected to jet milling, calcination, batch mixing, secondary screening, demagnetizing and product packaging sequentially by using the conventional equipment.
Example group A
As shown in fig. 8, the process of reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reworked material is used for recycling the graphite negative electrode material in the present embodiment, and the recycling of the negative electrode sheet is generally mainly focused on the recycling of nonferrous metal copper because the recycling value of the graphite negative electrode material is relatively low. At present, the recovery process of the negative electrode active material (graphite) is mainly used for repairing by a method of calcining the waste negative electrode material in air at high temperature, the method is difficult to realize complete repairing of the electrochemical activity of the negative electrode material again, the cycle performance is poor, and the content of Cu impurities in the powder is difficult to control.
Example A1
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg graphite pole pieces;
step B, soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (graphite pole pieces) by using a crusher, the capacity of the crusher is 1 ton/h, the length of a cutter is 45cm, the width is 8cm, the thickness is 10mm, and the number of the cutters is 31, so that coarse crushed materials (copper foil and powder) are obtained;
And C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Cu) by using a linear screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 80 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (graphite powder), the graphite powder weighs 72.1Kg, the yield is 72.1 percent, and the content of Cu in an ICP test is 60ppm.
Example A2
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg graphite pole pieces;
step B, carrying out soft rubbing and coarse crushing on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (graphite pole pieces) by using a crusher, wherein the capacity of the crusher is 2.5 tons/h, the length of a cutter is 45cm, the width is 8cm, the thickness is 20mm, and the number of the cutters is 47, so as to obtain coarse crushed materials (copper foil and powder);
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Cu) by using a linear screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 100 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (graphite powder), the weight of the graphite powder is 70.9Kg, the yield is 70.9 percent, and the content of Cu in an ICP test is 92ppm.
Example A3
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg graphite pole pieces;
Step B, carrying out soft rubbing and coarse crushing on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (graphite pole pieces) by using a crusher, wherein the capacity of the crusher is 1.5 tons/h, the length of a cutter is 40cm, the width is 12cm, the thickness is 15mm, and the number of the cutters is 41, so as to obtain coarse crushed materials (copper foil and powder);
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Cu) by using a rotary screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 120 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (graphite powder), the graphite powder weighs 68.7Kg, the yield is 68.7 percent, and the content of ICP test Cu is 74.5ppm.
Example A4
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg graphite pole pieces;
step B, soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (graphite pole pieces) by using a crusher, the capacity of the crusher is 3 tons/h, the length of a cutter is 65cm, the width is 18cm, the thickness is 20mm, and the number of the cutters is 49, so that coarse crushed materials (copper foil and powder) are obtained;
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Cu) by using a rotary vibration screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 80 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (graphite powder), the graphite powder weighs 71.5Kg, the yield is 71.5 percent, and the content of ICP test Cu is 104ppm.
Comparative example A1
A process for producing a battery reworked material, comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg graphite pole pieces;
step B, mechanically crushing the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (graphite pole pieces) by using a mechanical crusher, wherein the capacity of the mechanical crusher is 2 tons/h, and 98Kg of coarse crushed materials are obtained, wherein bright Cu particles are visible to naked eyes;
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Cu) by using a rotary vibration screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 200 meshes to obtain battery reclaimed materials (graphite powder), the graphite powder weighs 68Kg, the yield is 68 percent, the Cu content in an ICP test is 878ppm, and the Cu impurity content is far greater than 500ppm of the national standard.
Comparative example A2
Step A, sorting the battery pole pieces, namely sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg graphite pole pieces, shearing the graphite pole pieces, controlling the shearing size to be below 20mm, and shearing the graphite pole pieces to produce 100Kg/h of shearing capacity;
calcining the sheared pole piece at 850 ℃ for 4 hours under vacuum condition, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, and calcining to obtain the pole piece containing powder;
c, carrying out jet milling on the materials obtained in the step B, wherein the milling frequency is controlled below 10Hz, and obtaining copper foil and powder;
And D, sieving to remove Cu, wherein the mesh number of the sieve is 200 meshes, 54kg of battery regeneration material (graphite powder) is obtained, the yield is 54%, wherein the battery regeneration material contains macroscopic Cu impurities, the ICP test Cu content is 496ppm, and the Cu impurity content is close to national standard 500ppm.
The capacity, yield and Cu impurity content for each of the examples and comparative examples of example set a are shown in the following table:
table 1 productivity, yield and Cu impurity content of each of examples and comparative examples of example group a
| Implementation project | Pulverizing mode | Capacity of production | Yield rate | Cu impurity content |
| Example A1 | Soft rubbing coarse crushing | 1t/h | 72.1％ | 60ppm |
| Example A2 | Soft rubbing coarse crushing | 2.5t/h | 70.9％ | 92ppm |
| Example A3 | Soft rubbing coarse crushing | 1.5t/h | 68.7％ | 74.5ppm |
| Example A4 | Soft rubbing coarse crushing | 3t/h | 71.5％ | 104ppm |
| Comparative example A1 | Mechanical mill | 2t/h | 68％ | 878ppm |
| Comparative example A2 | Air flow mill | 0.1t/h | 54％ | 496ppm |
Note that: in the graphite pole piece, the weight ratio of graphite powder is about 75%.
As can be seen from the results of the example set a, the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regenerated material can obviously improve the Cu impurity content in the graphite regenerated powder, and the battery regenerated material (graphite powder) with lower Cu content is obtained by sieving the graphite pole pieces after soft kneading and coarse crushing, as shown in fig. 9, the process can control the Cu content and simultaneously realize the optimization of the particle size of the graphite powder, achieve or approach to the level of commercial materials, reduce the difficulty of the subsequent process air current crushing and improve the efficiency; in addition, the cell cycle test was conducted, the commercial material had the lowest copper content, the 1C cycle retention of 93.5% @880 cycles, the cycle was good, the copper content of example A1 was low, the 1C cycle retention of 93% @880 cycles, the cycle was good, the copper content of comparative example A2 air-flow mill was 496ppm, the 1C cycle retention of 80% @900 cycles, the cycle was poor, the copper content of comparative example A1 mechanical mill was 878ppm, the 1C cycle retention of 80% @900 cycles, the cycle was poor, and the effect on the cycle was large due to the high copper impurity content. The process of the invention is energy-saving and environment-friendly, has low production cost, and can be used for mass production of battery reworked materials (graphite powder) with lower Cu content.
Example group B
As shown in fig. 10, the present example set uses the process of the present invention for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regeneration material to recover the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material.
Example B1
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg of lithium iron phosphate pole pieces;
step B, carrying out soft kneading and coarse crushing on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (lithium iron phosphate pole pieces) by using a crusher, wherein the capacity of the crusher is 1 ton/h, the length of a cutter is 45cm, the width is 8cm, the thickness is 10mm, and the number of the cutters is 31, so as to obtain coarse crushed materials (aluminum foil and powder);
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Al) by using a rotary vibration screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 80 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (lithium iron phosphate powder), wherein the weight of the lithium iron phosphate powder is 79.1Kg, the yield is 79.1 percent, and the content of the ICP test Al is 110ppm.
Example B2
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg of lithium iron phosphate pole pieces;
Step B, carrying out soft kneading and coarse crushing on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (lithium iron phosphate pole pieces) by using a crusher, wherein the capacity of the crusher is 2.5 tons/h, the length of a cutter is 45cm, the width of the cutter is 8cm, the thickness of the cutter is 20mm, and the number of the cutters is 47, so as to obtain coarse crushed materials (aluminum foil and powder);
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Al) by using a linear screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 100 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (lithium iron phosphate powder), wherein the weight of the lithium iron phosphate powder is 75.9Kg, the yield is 75.9%, and the content of the ICP test Al is 102ppm.
Example B3
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg of lithium iron phosphate pole pieces;
step B, carrying out soft kneading and coarse crushing on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (lithium iron phosphate pole pieces) by using a crusher, wherein the capacity of the crusher is 1.5 tons/h, the length of a cutter is 40cm, the width of the cutter is 12cm, the thickness of the cutter is 15mm, and the number of the cutters is 41, so as to obtain coarse crushed materials (aluminum foils and powder);
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Al) by using a rotary screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 120 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (lithium iron phosphate powder), wherein the lithium iron phosphate powder weighs 77.0Kg, the yield is 77.0%, and the content of the ICP test Al is 84ppm.
Example B4
A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg of lithium iron phosphate pole pieces;
step B, carrying out soft kneading and coarse crushing on the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (lithium iron phosphate pole pieces) by using a crusher, wherein the capacity of the crusher is 3 tons/h, the length of a cutter is 65cm, the width is 18cm, the thickness is 20mm, and the number of the cutters is 49, so as to obtain coarse crushed materials (aluminum foil and powder);
and C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Al) by using a rotary vibration screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 80 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (lithium iron phosphate powder), wherein the weight of the lithium iron phosphate powder is 78.5Kg, the yield is 78.5 percent, and the content of the ICP test Al is 142ppm.
Comparative example B1
A process for producing a battery reworked material, comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg of lithium iron phosphate pole pieces;
step B, mechanically crushing the sorted 100Kg battery pole pieces (lithium iron phosphate pole pieces) by using a mechanical crusher, wherein the capacity of the mechanical crusher is 2 tons/h, and 98Kg of coarse crushed materials are obtained, wherein bright Al particles are visible to the naked eye;
And C, collecting coarse crushed materials, and screening the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time (removing Al) by using a rotary vibration screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 200 meshes, so as to obtain battery reclaimed materials (lithium iron phosphate powder), the weight of the lithium iron phosphate powder is 68Kg, the yield is 68 percent, the content of Al in an ICP test is 1758ppm, the content of Al impurities is far greater than 500ppm of national standards, and the macroscopic Al impurities exist.
Comparative example A2
Step A, sorting the battery pole pieces to obtain 100Kg of lithium iron phosphate pole pieces, shearing, controlling the shearing size below 20mm, and shearing productivity to be 100Kg/h;
calcining the sheared pole piece at 450 ℃ for 2 hours under vacuum condition, wherein the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, and calcining to obtain the pole piece containing powder;
c, carrying out jet milling on the materials obtained in the step B, wherein the milling frequency is controlled below 10Hz, so as to obtain aluminum foil and powder;
and D, sieving to remove Al, wherein the mesh number of the sieve is 200 meshes, and 55kg of battery regeneration material (lithium iron phosphate powder) is obtained, and the yield is 55%, wherein the battery regeneration material contains macroscopic Al impurities, the content of Al in an ICP test is 528ppm, and the content of the Al impurities is 500ppm missing from national standard.
The capacity, yield and Al impurity content for each of the examples and comparative examples of example set B are shown in the following table:
Table 1 example group B productivity, yield and Al impurity content of each of examples and comparative examples
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Note that: in the lithium iron phosphate pole piece, the weight ratio of the lithium iron phosphate powder is about 83%.
As can be seen from the results of example group B, the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regeneration material according to the present invention can significantly improve the Al impurity content in the lithium iron phosphate regeneration powder, and the lithium iron phosphate pole piece is soft kneaded and coarsely crushed and then screened to obtain a battery regeneration material (lithium iron phosphate powder) with a lower Al content, as shown in fig. 11, by the process of soft kneading and coarsely crushing, while controlling the Al content, optimization of the particle size of the lithium iron phosphate powder can be achieved, reaching or approaching the level of commercial materials, difficulty in the subsequent process jet crushing is reduced, and efficiency is improved, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, when the Al impurity content is high, the internal resistance of the lithium iron phosphate cell is significantly increased at a high temperature, and the capacity is significantly reduced, so that the impurity content of the battery regeneration material is reduced by the process according to the present invention, and the performance of the corresponding product after recycling is effectively ensured; in addition, cell cycle tests were conducted with the aluminum content 110ppm, the 1C cycle retention 92.5% @430 cycles for example B1, the better the cycle, the less the cycle, the 92% @350 cycles for comparative example B2, the higher the aluminum content 528ppm, the greater the 1C cycle retention 92% @350 cycles for comparative example B2, the worse the cycle, the 91% @350 cycles for comparative example B1, the worse the cycle, since the higher the aluminum impurity content, the greater the effect on the cycle. The process of the invention is energy-saving and environment-friendly, has low production cost, and can be used for mass production of battery reworked materials (lithium iron phosphate powder) with lower Al content.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.
Claims (10)
1. A process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material, comprising the steps of:
step A, sorting the battery pole pieces;
step B, soft kneading and coarse crushing are carried out on the sorted battery pole pieces by using a crusher to obtain coarse crushed materials;
the pulverizer comprises a frame, a feeding mechanism and a pulverizing mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism and the pulverizing mechanism are arranged on the frame, the feeding mechanism is arranged above the pulverizing mechanism, the pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing box, a cutter assembly and a first driving device, the cutter assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the pulverizing box, and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the pulverizing box;
the cutter assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a plurality of first rotating blocks, a plurality of second rotating blocks, a plurality of cutter fixing shafts and a plurality of cutters, wherein the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are opposite to each other and are respectively and rotatably arranged in the crushing box, one end of the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the first driving device, a plurality of first rotating blocks are fixedly arranged at the other end of the first rotating shaft, a plurality of second rotating blocks are fixedly arranged at one end, close to the first rotating shaft, of the second rotating shaft, the first rotating blocks are symmetrically arranged with the second rotating blocks, the first rotating blocks are arranged in a crossing manner, and the second rotating blocks are arranged in a crossing manner;
A cutter fixing shaft is fixedly connected between the first rotating block and the second rotating block, one end of the cutter fixing shaft is fixedly connected with the first rotating block, the other end of the cutter fixing shaft is fixedly connected with the second rotating block which is symmetrically arranged with the first rotating block, a plurality of cutter fixing shafts are mutually parallel, a plurality of limiting sleeves are sleeved on the cutter fixing shaft at intervals, a mounting gap is arranged between two adjacent limiting sleeves, the cutter is rotatably mounted in the mounting gap, and the cutter is limited in the mounting gap;
and C, collecting the coarse crushed materials, and sieving the collected coarse crushed materials for the first time to obtain the battery reclaimed material.
2. The process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reworked material according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the step a of sorting the battery pole pieces further comprises pole piece cleaning the sorted pole pieces.
3. The process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reworked material according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, any one of a straight screen, an in-line screen, a rotary screen or a rotary vibration screen is selected when the collected coarse crushed material is screened for the first time.
4. The process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regeneration material according to claim 1, wherein in the step C, the number of screen meshes of the coarse crushed material obtained by the collection and the first screening is 80 to 200 mesh.
5. The process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery reworked material according to claim 1, wherein the step C is performed with the first sieving of the collected coarse crushed material, and further comprises the steps of sequentially performing jet milling, batch mixing, secondary sieving, demagnetizing and product packaging on the material subjected to the first sieving.
6. The process for reducing the metal impurity content of a battery regeneration material according to claim 5, further comprising a step of calcining between the step of jet milling and the step of batch mixing.
7. A production system, characterized in that the process for reducing the metal impurity content of the battery regeneration material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises a pulverizer, a powder collecting device and a sieving device, wherein the discharging end of the pulverizer is connected with the feeding end of the powder collecting device, and the discharging end of the powder collecting device is connected with the feeding end of the sieving device;
The pulverizer comprises a frame, a feeding mechanism and a pulverizing mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism and the pulverizing mechanism are arranged on the frame, the feeding mechanism is arranged above the pulverizing mechanism, the pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing box, a cutter assembly and a first driving device, the cutter assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the pulverizing box, and the discharge end of the feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding end of the pulverizing box;
the cutter assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, a plurality of first rotating blocks, a plurality of second rotating blocks, a plurality of cutter fixing shafts and a plurality of cutters, wherein the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are opposite to each other and are respectively and rotatably arranged in the crushing box, one end of the first rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the output end of the first driving device, a plurality of first rotating blocks are fixedly arranged at the other end of the first rotating shaft, a plurality of second rotating blocks are fixedly arranged at one end, close to the first rotating shaft, of the second rotating shaft, the first rotating blocks are symmetrically arranged with the second rotating blocks, the first rotating blocks are arranged in a crossing manner, and the second rotating blocks are arranged in a crossing manner;
the utility model discloses a cutter, including first rotating block, second rotating block, cutter fixed axle, first rotating block, cutter fixed axle, second rotating block, cutter fixed axle spacer sleeve is equipped with a plurality of stop collars, adjacent two be equipped with the installation clearance between the stop collar, cutter rotate install in the installation clearance, just the cutter limit is located in the installation clearance, cutter fixed axle's one end fixed connection with first rotating block symmetry sets up the second rotating block, a plurality of cutter fixed axle are parallel to each other.
8. The production system of claim 7, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding box, a third rotating shaft and a second driving device, the third rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the feeding box, the output end of the second driving device is in transmission connection with the third rotating shaft, a material guiding cutter is sleeved on the third rotating shaft, a plurality of material guiding blades are arranged on the material guiding cutter at intervals along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of material guiding teeth are arranged on the material guiding blade along the length direction of the material guiding cutter;
the feeding box is provided with a first feeding hole on one side of the third rotating shaft, a first discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the feeding box, and the first discharging hole is located above the cutter assembly.
9. The production system of claim 8, wherein the feed mechanism further comprises a feed conduit having a feed end in communication with the first discharge port of the feed tank, the feed conduit having a discharge end above the cutter assembly.
10. The production system of claim 7, wherein the powder collection device comprises a powder collection box, a pulse dust collector and a stock bin, wherein a feed end of the powder collection box is connected with a discharge end of the pulverizer, a discharge end of the powder collection box is connected with a feed end of the pulse dust collector, a discharge end of the pulse dust collector is connected with a feed end of the stock bin, and a discharge end of the stock bin is connected with a feed end of the sieving device.
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