CN114798378A - Carbon sheet and aluminum-silicon composite material thereof - Google Patents
Carbon sheet and aluminum-silicon composite material thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114798378A CN114798378A CN202210443195.1A CN202210443195A CN114798378A CN 114798378 A CN114798378 A CN 114798378A CN 202210443195 A CN202210443195 A CN 202210443195A CN 114798378 A CN114798378 A CN 114798378A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0406—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0493—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases using vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D193/00—Coating compositions based on natural resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives thereof
- C09D193/04—Rosin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/38—Paints containing free metal not provided for above in groups C09D5/00 - C09D5/36
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/44—Compositions for etching metallic material from a metallic material substrate of different composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C25/00—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids
- F04C25/02—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids for producing high vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon sheet and an aluminum-silicon composite material thereof, and relates to the field of vacuum pump carbon sheets. The carbon sheet is made of graphite, and is characterized by further comprising a wear-resistant coating for coating the carbon sheet; the preparation method of the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing powdery aluminum-silicon alloy and a volatile binder to prepare viscous paste; coating the viscous paste on the carbon sheet, shaping on a film forming machine to form a wear-resistant coating, air-drying at room temperature for 10-20h, and drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating at 100-150 ℃ for 2-4h to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace for vacuum coating, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material, wherein the wear-resistant coating greatly improves the wear resistance of the carbon sheet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vacuum pump carbon sheets, in particular to a carbon sheet and an aluminum-silicon composite material thereof.
Background
The vacuum pump carbon sheet is also called a vacuum pump carbon essence sheet, and is manufactured by processing carbon particles made of graphite materials. Vacuum pump carbon piece generally applies in rotary-vane vacuum pump rotor inslot, and vacuum pump rotor and carbon piece are all sealed inside the vacuum pump cylinder body, thereby adopt vacuum pump oil as lubricated medium and play under the effect that increases vacuum pump carbon piece and cylinder body area of contact reach ultimate vacuum under the ideal state.
The carbon piece of the vacuum pump is the main component of the vacuum pump for obtaining vacuum. The defect and the fragmentation can both image the tightness and the fitting degree between the cylinder body. Too large a defect will inevitably produce image vacuum and pumping speed. The proposal is timely replaced, the phenomenon that the carbon sheet is jumped in the cylinder body due to the image of centrifugal force is avoided, and the cylinder is easily ground or blocked after a long time.
When the rotary-vane vacuum pump is used, the carbon sheet inserted in the rotor part is abutted against one end of the cylinder wall and continuously rotates, the carbon sheet is continuously worn at the abutting part of the carbon sheet and the cylinder wall during working, and meanwhile, the worn carbon particles of the carbon sheet are discharged from the exhaust port, so that the dust amount is large, and the service environment of the vacuum pump is poor; the carbon piece that is ground short can't closely support with the one end of jar wall in vacuum pump work, and then lead to the vacuum effect variation of vacuum pump, consequently in order to guarantee better vacuum effect, the vacuum pump is at the during operation of great intensity, only can have 50% -60% of original vacuum effect after a month, consequently need change the carbon piece about a month, simultaneously the carbon piece is when using, the cracked condition of carbon piece that takes place also sometimes takes place, touch the too high carbon piece of hardness and wear and tear the jar wall easily, be unfavorable for large-scale high strength production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon sheet and an aluminum-silicon composite material thereof, which are improved based on the existing rotary-vane vacuum pump;
the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
(1) when in use, carbon powder is scattered due to friction between the carbon sheets and the cylinder wall, and the dust amount is large;
(2) after the carbon sheet is abraded, the carbon sheet cannot be well abutted against the cylinder wall, so that the vacuum effect of the vacuum pump is reduced;
(3) the carbon sheet with high hardness can abrade the cylinder wall, and the service life of the vacuum pump is reduced.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a carbon sheet and an aluminum-silicon composite material thereof comprise a carbon sheet, wherein the carbon sheet is made of graphite, and the carbon sheet further comprises a wear-resistant coating for coating the carbon sheet, and the wear-resistant coating is used for improving the wear resistance of the carbon sheet; .
The preparation method of the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing powdery aluminum-silicon alloy and a volatile binder to prepare viscous paste; coating the viscous paste on the carbon sheet, shaping on a film forming machine to form a wear-resistant coating, air-drying for 10-20h at room temperature, and drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating at 100-150 ℃ for 2-4h to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace for vacuum coating, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
In order to prepare the wear-resistant coating coated on the outer side of the carbon sheet, the invention mixes the filler aluminum-silicon alloy powder for coating with the volatile binder to prepare viscous paste, then uniformly coats the paste on the surface of the carbon sheet, and naturally forms the paste on the carbon sheet through air drying, thereby ensuring the uniformity.
Meanwhile, when the wear-resistant coating coated on the carbon sheet works on a vacuum pump, compared with the carbon sheet when the wear-resistant coating rubs with the cylinder wall, the amount of dust generated by the abrasion of the wear-resistant coating is far lower than the amount of dust generated by the direct friction of the carbon sheet and the cylinder wall. Furthermore, the wear-resistant coating can still keep 80-90% of the vacuum effect generated by the original vacuum pump when the wear-resistant coating is used for more than two months.
The volatile binder is one of water glass, polyethylene glycol or saturated rosin solution, and the prefabricated thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 0.5-2 mm.
The vacuum sintering temperature is 100-300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 40-60 min.
The preparation method of the carbon sheet comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly blending graphite and concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate, heating to 60-70 ℃, reacting for 3-4 h, cooling the reactant, cleaning with dilute hydrochloric acid, then with deionized water, and centrifugally drying to obtain graphite oxide
(2) Dissolving a surfactant in a container filled with deionized water, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring, adding span 80, stirring to form uniform emulsion, adding the graphite oxide, dropwise adding phenolic resin, and continuously stirring at 40-50 ℃ for 8-10 h. Stopping stirring, filtering, centrifuging, raising the temperature to 70-80 ℃, and standing to obtain a product A.
(3) Uniformly coating epoxy resin on the surface of the synthesized product A, then covering with stripping cloth and sealing with a sealing bag, placing the sealing bag in a blast drying oven, vacuumizing the system at 120-130 ℃ until thermosetting is finished, curing for 1-2 h, naturally cooling to room temperature, stripping the stripping cloth to obtain a black product, cooling the black product to room temperature, and then molding and shaping to obtain the carbon sheet.
The reason for using carbon sheets in the vacuum pump is that the carbon sheets have good heat resistance and poor heat conductivity; the carbon sheet is coated with the wear-resistant coating, so that the wear resistance of the carbon sheet is improved, but the heat conductivity of the aluminum-silicon alloy coated on the outer side of the carbon sheet is low, and the heat at the intersection of the aluminum-silicon alloy and the carbon sheet cannot be well transferred, so that a heat-insulating layer is formed, the heat is difficult to dissipate around the carbon sheet, the temperature rise rate of the carbon sheet with the wear-resistant coating is high, the vacuum pump is easy to damage due to long-time high-temperature work, and the continuous service time of the vacuum pump can be shortened due to the carbon sheet with the wear-resistant coating;
after the carbon sheet added with the wear-resistant coating is used, when the pressure at the inlet end is 6500Pa, the internal temperature of the vacuum pump can exceed 80 ℃ after the vacuum pump works for three minutes, and the vacuum pump works at the temperature above 80 ℃ for a long time, so that the vacuum pump is easy to damage.
Based on the method, the graphite is treated by concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate to obtain graphite oxide, and then the graphite oxide is cured by epoxy resin, so that the formed carbon sheet of the composite material of the graphite oxide and the epoxy resin has better heat-conducting property, the heat transfer between the carbon sheet formed by the composite material and the wear-resistant coating can be better realized, the heat dissipation area is improved, the pressure of the inlet end of the carbon sheet prepared by thermally curing the graphite oxide by the epoxy resin is 6500Pa, and the temperature is increased to be higher than 80 ℃ after the carbon sheet continuously works for 10 min.
Meanwhile, the span 80 is added in the stage of curing the graphite oxide and the epoxy resin, the span 80 is used as a pore-expanding agent, the gaps of carbon layers in the graphite oxide are increased by using the span 80, the layer distance of the carbon layers between the graphite oxide can be better enlarged by adding the span 80, the epoxy resin can better permeate into a layered structure between the graphite oxide, the curing effect of the graphite oxide is improved, and the heat-conducting property of the improved carbon sheet is further improved; the carbon sheet obtained by heat curing after the graphite oxide is treated by span 80 is operated in a vacuum pump at the inlet end pressure of 6500Pa, and the temperature is raised to above 80 ℃ after continuous operation for 1 h.
The weight ratio of the graphite to the span 80 is 10-30: 3-6.
The preparation method of the aluminum-silicon alloy comprises the following steps: adding the aluminum-silicon alloy into 0.3-0.4mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 8-10h, filtering and centrifuging to obtain the aluminum-silicon alloy containing the pore canal.
Further, in order to further reduce the temperature rise rate of the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating and prolong the high-strength continuous working time of the vacuum pump, the wear-resistant coating is treated by inorganic acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like), and the inorganic acid can carry out acid etching on part of metal elements in the aluminum-silicon alloy, so that air holes are generated in the treated aluminum-silicon alloy, and the heat dissipation speed is further accelerated by the air holes in the wear-resistant coating.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps: according to the weight, after 25-55 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 0.4-2 parts of silane coupling agent, 30-36 parts of polythiol curing agent, 190 parts of aluminum-silicon alloy particles, 3-10 parts of lignocellulose and a small amount of processing aid are uniformly mixed, the mixture is cured for 1 hour for a short time to form viscous wear-resistant coating paste, the paste is coated on the carbon sheet, and the wear-resistant coating is formed after the paste is completely cured.
Although the heat dissipation effect of the carbon sheet prepared by curing graphite oxide by using epoxy resin is improved, the carbon sheet is found to have poor adhesion with the wear-resistant coating on the outer side in the use process, and the wear-resistant coating is often broken and separated from the carbon sheet in use;
based on the above, the invention further improves the cohesiveness of the aluminum-silicon alloy by using the bisphenol A epoxy resin and the silane coupling agent, and ensures the compatibility of the resin and the metal material by using the polythiol curing agent.
Furthermore, in order to improve the adhesive property of the carbon sheet prepared from graphite oxide and resin and the wear-resistant coating prepared by mixing bisphenol A epoxy resin and a silane coupling agent, in the process of preparing the carbon sheet, when the carbon sheet is cooled and shaped, the viscous paste-shaped wear-resistant coating can be coated on the shaped carbon sheet; at the moment, the lignocellulose in the wear-resistant coating slowly permeates into a part of the unformed carbon sheet from the fused wear-resistant coating in the process of sedimentation, and the lignocellulose between the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating further improves the bonding performance of the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating along with the shaping of the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating.
The silane coupling agent is a combination of 2- (3, 4-epoxy cyclohexyl) ethyl trimethoxy silane and 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane.
The grain diameter of the aluminum-silicon alloy particles is 0.5-1 mm.
Comprising the application of the carbon sheet and the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material in a vacuum pump.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the wear-resistant coating is coated on the outer side of the carbon sheet, the wear-resistant performance of the carbon sheet is greatly improved by using the wear-resistant coating, so that when the carbon sheet rotates in the vacuum pump, the wear-resistant coating on the outer side is in contact with the cylinder wall, compared with the original carbon sheet, the wear degree can be reduced, the service life is prolonged, compared with the existing carbon sheet which continuously works for 3 hours under the inlet end pressure of 1000Pa in the vacuum pump, the existing carbon sheet only has 50% -60% of the original vacuum effect after one month, the carbon sheet added with the wear-resistant coating can be used for more than two months under the same condition, and 80% -90% of the vacuum effect generated by the original vacuum pump can still be kept.
(2) According to the invention, the wear-resistant coating is sintered in vacuum, so that the volatile binder overflows from the wear-resistant coating, pores formed by the binding property are reduced, the pores in the sintered wear-resistant coating are reduced, the compactness of the material is improved, and the wear resistance is better.
(3) According to the invention, the graphite is treated by concentrated sulfuric acid and potassium permanganate to obtain graphite oxide, and then the graphite oxide is cured by epoxy resin, so that the formed carbon sheet of the composite material of the graphite oxide and the epoxy resin has better heat-conducting property, the heat transfer between the carbon sheet formed by the composite material and the wear-resistant coating can be better realized, and the heat dissipation area is improved, compared with the carbon sheet added with the wear-resistant coating, when the pressure at the inlet end of the carbon sheet is 6500Pa, the internal temperature of the vacuum pump can exceed 80 ℃ after the vacuum pump works for three minutes; the pressure of the carbon sheet prepared by thermally curing graphite oxide by using epoxy resin at the inlet end is 6500Pa, and the temperature is increased to above 80 ℃ after the continuous operation for 30 min. .
(4) Span 80 is added in the stage of curing the graphite oxide and the epoxy resin, in the invention, the span 80 is used as a pore-expanding agent, the span 80 is used for increasing the clearance of carbon layers in the graphite oxide, and the added span 80 can better expand the layer distance of the carbon layers between the graphite oxide, so that the epoxy resin can better permeate into the layered structure between the graphite oxide, the curing effect of the graphite oxide is improved, and the heat conductivity of the improved carbon sheet is further improved; the carbon sheet obtained after thermal curing of the graphite oxide after treatment with span 80 was operated in a vacuum pump at an inlet pressure of 6500Pa, and after 1h of continuous operation, the temperature was raised above 80 ℃.
(5) The invention uses inorganic acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like) to treat the wear-resistant coating, the inorganic acid can carry out acid etching on partial metal elements in the aluminum-silicon alloy, thereby generating air holes in the treated aluminum-silicon alloy, and the heat dissipation speed is further accelerated by using the air holes on the wear-resistant coating.
(6) According to the invention, the bisphenol A epoxy resin is matched with the silane coupling agent to improve the cohesiveness of the aluminum-silicon alloy, and the compatibility of the resin and the metal material is ensured by the polythiol curing agent. Furthermore, in order to improve the adhesive property of the carbon sheet prepared from graphite oxide and resin and the wear-resistant coating prepared by mixing bisphenol A epoxy resin and a silane coupling agent, in the process of preparing the carbon sheet, when the carbon sheet is cooled and shaped, the viscous paste-shaped wear-resistant coating can be coated on the shaped carbon sheet; at the moment, the lignocellulose in the wear-resistant coating slowly permeates into the resin of the carbon sheet from the melted wear-resistant coating in the process of sedimentation, and the lignocellulose between the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating further improves the bonding performance of the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating along with the shaping of the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Comparative example 1: beck vacuum pump carbon wafer VT4.40(95 × 43 × 4);
example 1:
selection of carbon sheets: polishing a carbon sheet VT4.40(95 × 43 × 4) of the Beck vacuum pump to remove a graphite layer with the thickness of 0.5 mm;
preparing a wear-resistant coating: mixing 50g of powdery aluminum-silicon alloy and 10ml of saturated rosin solution to prepare viscous paste; coating the viscous paste on a carbon sheet to form a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.5mm, shaping on a film forming machine to form the wear-resistant coating, air-drying at room temperature for 15h, and drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating at the temperature of 125 ℃ for 3h to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace, performing vacuum sintering for 50min at 200 ℃, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
The aluminum-silicon alloy powder is purchased from Beijing Zhongkeno New Material science and technology Co., Ltd, has the purity of 99.5% (2N5) and the mesh number of 150.
Example 2:
method for preparing carbon sheet
(1) Mixing graphite and concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate, heating to 65 deg.C, reacting for 3.5 hr, cooling, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, washing with deionized water, and centrifugal drying to obtain graphite oxide
(2) Dissolving a surfactant in a container filled with deionized water, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring, adding span 80, stirring to form a uniform emulsion, adding the graphite oxide, dropwise adding phenolic resin, and continuously stirring at 45 ℃ for 9 hours. Stopping stirring, filtering, centrifuging, raising the temperature to 75 ℃, and standing to obtain a product A.
(3) Uniformly coating epoxy resin on the surface of the synthesized product A, then covering with stripping cloth and sealing with a sealing bag, placing the sealing bag in a blast drying oven, vacuumizing the system at 125 ℃ until the thermosetting is finished, curing for 1.5h, naturally cooling to room temperature, stripping the stripping cloth to obtain a black product, cooling the black product to room temperature, and then molding and shaping to obtain the carbon sheet.
Example 3:
the carbon sheet prepared in example 2 was further added with a wear-resistant coating;
preparing a wear-resistant coating: mixing 50g of powdery aluminum-silicon alloy and 10ml of saturated rosin solution to prepare viscous paste; coating the viscous paste on a carbon sheet to form a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.5mm, shaping on a film forming machine to form the wear-resistant coating, air-drying at room temperature for 15h, and drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating at the temperature of 125 ℃ for 3h to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace, performing vacuum sintering for 50min at 200 ℃, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
Example 4:
the carbon sheet-aluminum-silicon composite material obtained in example 3 was immersed in an inorganic acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and the like) and allowed to stand for 9 hours to obtain a carbon sheet-aluminum-silicon composite material containing pores.
Example 5:
the preparation method of the wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
40 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 33 parts of polythiol curing agent, 160 parts of aluminum-silicon alloy particles, 6 parts of lignocellulose and a small amount of processing aid are uniformly mixed by weight and then are cured for 1 hour for forming a viscous wear-resistant coating paste.
The carbon sheet was selected from comparative example 1.
Polishing a carbon sheet VT4.40(95 × 43 × 4) of the Beck vacuum pump to remove a graphite layer with the thickness of 0.5 mm;
coating the wear-resistant coating on a carbon sheet to form a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.5mm, simultaneously shaping on a film forming machine to form the wear-resistant coating, air-drying for 15 hours at room temperature, and further drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating for 3 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace, performing vacuum sintering for 50min at 200 ℃, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
Example 6:
the carbon sheet was selected from example 2 and the wear resistant coating was the same as example 5.
Coating the wear-resistant coating on a carbon sheet to form a wear-resistant coating with the thickness of 0.5mm, simultaneously shaping on a film forming machine to form the wear-resistant coating, air-drying for 15 hours at room temperature, and further drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating for 3 hours at the temperature of 125 ℃ to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace, performing vacuum sintering for 50min at 200 ℃, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
Example 7:
method for preparing carbon sheet
(1) Mixing graphite and concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate, heating to 65 deg.C, reacting for 3.5 hr, cooling, washing with dilute hydrochloric acid, washing with deionized water, and centrifugal drying to obtain graphite oxide
(2) Dissolving a surfactant in a container filled with deionized water, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring, adding span 80, stirring to form a uniform emulsion, adding the graphite oxide, dropwise adding phenolic resin, and continuously stirring at 45 ℃ for 9 hours. Stopping stirring, filtering, centrifuging, raising the temperature to 75 ℃, and standing to obtain a product A.
(3) Uniformly coating epoxy resin on the surface of a synthesized product A, then covering stripping cloth and sealing the product A by using a sealing bag, placing the sealing bag in a forced air drying oven, vacuumizing the system at 125 ℃ and curing for 0.5h to obtain a melt A, uniformly coating a mixture formed by uniformly mixing 40 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 33 parts of polythiol curing agent, 160 parts of aluminum-silicon alloy particles, 6 parts of lignocellulose and a small amount of processing aid on the surface of the melt A, and thermally curing for 1h to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
And (3) testing the wear resistance: rubber grinding wheel method: according to the regulations of national standard GB/T1768-79 (89), a JM-1 type paint film abrasion resistance instrument is adopted to obtain the formula shown in the specification of Table 1:
the vacuum pump was selected from the Punok PNKSP series single stage vane pump, the inlet pressure 6500pa was run for three minutes, and the temperature in the cylinder of the vacuum pump was measured for each example to give Table 2:
| initial temperature/. degree.C | Final temperature/. degree.C | |
| Comparative example 1 | 25 | 63 |
| Example 1 | 25 | 84 |
| Example 2 | 25 | 33 |
| Example 3 | 25 | 47 |
| Example 4 | 25 | 41 |
| Example 5 | 25 | 55 |
| Example 6 | 25 | 57 |
| Example 7 | 25 | 54 |
An elastic thin layer of material is adhered to the surface of the abrasion resistant coating and stripped a little from the carbon sheet by the edge of the sample together with the abrasion resistant coating, and then a cylindrical wedge is inserted between the abrasion resistant coating and the carbon sheet. By slowly pushing this cylindrical wedge, the coating is stripped from the substrate. The force required to push the cylindrical wedge was measured and converted to obtain the shear strength, which is given in table 3:
the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A carbon sheet and its aluminium silicon composite material, including the carbon sheet, the said carbon sheet is made of graphite, characterized by, also include the wear-resisting coating which coats the said carbon sheet;
the preparation method of the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing powdery aluminum-silicon alloy and a volatile binder to prepare viscous paste; coating the viscous paste on the carbon sheet, shaping on a film forming machine to form a wear-resistant coating, air-drying at room temperature for 10-20h, and drying the carbon sheet and the wear-resistant coating at 100-150 ℃ for 2-4h to obtain a wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix; and finally, placing the wear-resistant composite carbon sheet matrix in a vacuum furnace for vacuum coating, removing the volatile binder, and cooling to obtain the carbon sheet aluminum-silicon composite material.
2. The carbon sheet and its Al-Si composite material according to claim 1, wherein the volatile binder is one of water glass, polyethylene glycol or saturated rosin solution, and the preformed thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 0.5-2 mm.
3. The carbon sheet and the aluminum-silicon composite material thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum sintering temperature is 100-300 ℃ and the holding time is 40-60 min.
4. The carbon sheet and the aluminum-silicon composite material thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon sheet is prepared by the following steps:
(1) uniformly blending graphite and concentrated sulfuric acid, adding potassium permanganate, heating to 60-70 ℃, reacting for 3-4 h, cooling the reactant, cleaning with dilute hydrochloric acid, cleaning with deionized water, and centrifugally drying to obtain graphite oxide;
(2) dissolving a surfactant in a container filled with deionized water, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring, adding span 80, stirring to form uniform emulsion, adding the graphite oxide, dropwise adding epoxy resin, and continuously stirring at 40-50 ℃ for 8-10 h. Stopping stirring, raising the temperature to 70-80 ℃, and standing to obtain a product A;
(3) uniformly coating epoxy resin on the surface of the synthesized product A, drying the product A by an air drying box under a sealed condition, vacuumizing the system at the temperature of 100-110 ℃, naturally cooling to room temperature after curing for 1-2 h, removing the stripping cloth to obtain a black product, cooling the black product to room temperature, and molding and shaping to obtain the carbon sheet.
5. The carbon sheet and its Al-Si composite material according to claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of graphite to span 80 is 10-30: 3-6.
6. The carbon sheet and the aluminum-silicon composite material thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the aluminum-silicon alloy comprises the following steps: adding the aluminum-silicon alloy into 0.3-0.4mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 8-10h, filtering and centrifuging to obtain the aluminum-silicon alloy containing the pore canal.
7. The carbon sheet and the aluminum-silicon composite material thereof as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps: according to the weight, after 25-55 parts of bisphenol A type epoxy resin, 0.4-2 parts of silane coupling agent, 30-36 parts of polythiol curing agent, 190 parts of aluminum-silicon alloy particles, 3-10 parts of lignocellulose and a small amount of processing aid are uniformly mixed, the mixture is cured for 1 hour for a short time to form viscous wear-resistant coating paste, the paste is coated on the carbon sheet, and the wear-resistant coating is formed after the paste is completely cured.
8. The carbon sheet and its Al-Si composite material according to claim 7, wherein the silane coupling agent is a combination of 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexane) ethyltrimethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
9. The carbon sheet and its Al-Si composite material according to claim 7, wherein the Al-Si alloy particles have a diameter of 0.5-1 mm.
10. A carbon sheet and its aluminium silicon composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising an aluminium silicon composite material for the preparation of the carbon sheet and the use of the carbon sheet aluminium silicon composite material in a vacuum pump.
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