CN114798113B - Solid waste crushing system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Solid waste crushing system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114798113B CN114798113B CN202210754474.XA CN202210754474A CN114798113B CN 114798113 B CN114798113 B CN 114798113B CN 202210754474 A CN202210754474 A CN 202210754474A CN 114798113 B CN114798113 B CN 114798113B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
- B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2216—Discharge means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/16—Details
- B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
- B02C18/2225—Feed means
- B02C18/2291—Feed chute arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of crushing, and particularly relates to a solid waste crushing system and a working method thereof.A screening device is additionally arranged to ensure the size of solid waste entering a crushing device, the solid waste with small size is directly conveyed and subjected to subsequent treatment, and the solid waste with large size is crushed by the crushing device and then subjected to subsequent treatment, so that the knife gap between the crushing devices can be effectively applied to the crushing work of the solid waste; the primary screening assembly is matched with the secondary screening plate to ensure that the size of solid waste entering the crushing device is not smaller than the preset size; through sliding at the stationary knife and setting up a plurality of clearance subassemblies, the clearance of two adjacent blades of sword is moved in the clearance that first clearance portion of clearance subassembly is used for the clearance, and when second clearance portion supported with the blade of blade and held, the incomplete material of parcel on the sword was moved in the clearance to the clean and tidy of moving the sword has been guaranteed, and the sharpness of blade, thereby has guaranteed broken efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crushing, in particular to a solid waste crushing system and a working method thereof.
Background
When solid wastes are treated, the solid wastes need to be crushed into required sizes so as to facilitate subsequent treatment.
When solid waste in the prior art is treated, the solid waste is generally directly thrown onto a conveyor belt and then conveyed to a crusher to be crushed, and fine impurities such as chips and dust in the solid waste enter the crusher and then adhere to a cutter shaft of the crusher, so that the service life of the crusher is shortened, and the energy consumption of the crusher is increased.
The above problems are currently urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solid waste crushing system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a solid waste crushing system, which comprises:
a feed hopper, a screening device and a crushing device;
the feed hopper is connected with the crushing device through a screening device;
the feed hopper is arranged above the screening device and is suitable for conveying solid wastes into the screening device;
the screening device is suitable for screening the solid wastes smaller than the target size in the solid wastes and conveying the residual solid wastes to the crushing device;
the crushing device is suitable for crushing the residual solid wastes.
Further, the screening apparatus includes: the screening device comprises a hopper, a material distribution plate, a primary screening assembly and a secondary screening plate;
the secondary screening plate is obliquely arranged above the funnel;
the primary screening assembly is arranged above the secondary screening plate and is separated from the secondary screening plate by a preset distance;
the material distribution plate is suitable for dividing solid wastes into a plurality of flow channels and then enabling the solid wastes to flow into the primary screening assembly;
the primary screening assembly is suitable for primary screening of solid waste and conveying the screened solid waste to the crushing device;
the secondary screening plate is suitable for enabling solid wastes smaller than the target size in the solid wastes to fall into the hopper, and conveying the residual solid wastes to the crushing device.
Furthermore, the material distribution plate is provided with a plurality of material distribution channels which are arranged in parallel;
divide material passageway one end to be connected the bottom of feeder hopper, the other end is connected the feed end of screening subassembly for the first time.
Further, the primary screening assembly comprises: a plurality of material leaking plates;
the plurality of material leaking plates are arranged above the secondary screening plate in a stepped inclined mode, and the height of the material leaking plate close to one end of the material distributing channel is higher than that of the material leaking plate close to one end of the crushing device.
Furthermore, a plurality of leakage grooves are arranged in parallel on the leakage plate;
the plurality of leakage grooves are arranged in parallel;
the width of the leakage groove is gradually increased, and the width of one end, close to the material distribution channel, of the leakage groove is smaller than that of one end, close to the crushing device, of the leakage groove.
Further, the primary screening assembly has an inclination less than the inclination of the secondary screening deck.
Further, the crushing device comprises: the cutter comprises a cutter box, two movable cutters and two fixed cutters;
the two movable cutters are rotatably arranged in the cutter box;
the two fixed cutters are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the two movable cutters adjacent to the cutter box;
the blades of the two movable blades are arranged in a staggered manner;
a cleaning assembly is arranged between two adjacent blades of each movable blade;
the cleaning assembly is arranged on the fixed cutter in a sliding mode;
the cleaning assembly comprises a first cleaning part and a second cleaning part;
the first cleaning part is fixedly connected with the second cleaning part;
the first cleaning part is arranged in a gap between two adjacent blades;
the second cleaning part is arranged opposite to one blade, and the bottom of the second cleaning part is suitable for abutting against the cutting edge of the blade when the oppositely arranged blade rotates, so that the second cleaning part is pushed upwards;
the second cleaning part is also suitable for sliding downwards along the fixed knife through self gravity when the cutting edges of the blades which are arranged oppositely leave, so that the first cleaning part is driven to clean the gap between the two adjacent blades.
Further, the crushing device also comprises a discharge hopper;
the discharge hopper is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the knife box and is suitable for conveying the crushed solid wastes.
Further, the solid waste crushing system also comprises a conveying device;
the conveying device is arranged below the discharge hopper and the screening device;
the conveying device is suitable for conveying the solid wastes screened by the screening device and the solid wastes crushed by the crushing device.
The invention also provides a working method adopting the solid waste crushing system, which comprises the following steps:
conveying the solid waste into a feed hopper;
screening out solid wastes which do not need to be crushed by a screening device and conveying the solid wastes;
conveying the residual solid waste to a crushing device for crushing;
and conveying the crushed solid waste.
The solid waste crushing system and the working method thereof have the beneficial effects that the size of the solid waste entering the crushing device is ensured by adding the screening device, the solid waste with small size is directly conveyed and subjected to subsequent treatment, and the solid waste with large size is crushed by the crushing device and then subjected to subsequent treatment, so that the knife gap between the crushing devices can be effectively applied to the crushing work of the solid waste; the primary screening assembly is matched with the secondary screening plate to ensure that the size of solid wastes entering the crushing device is not smaller than the preset size; through sliding at the stationary knife and setting up a plurality of clearance subassemblies, the clearance of two adjacent blades of sword is moved in the clearance that first clearance portion of clearance subassembly is used for the clearance, and when second clearance portion supported with the blade of blade and held, the incomplete material of parcel on the sword was moved in the clearance to the clean and tidy of moving the sword has been guaranteed, and the sharpness of blade, thereby has guaranteed broken efficiency.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid waste crushing system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the solid waste crushing system provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the crushing device provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a part of the structure of a crushing apparatus provided by the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a crushing device; 200. a feed hopper; 300. a screening device; 310. a funnel; 320. a material distributing plate; 321. a material distributing channel; 330. a primary screening component; 331. a material leaking plate; 332. a leak groove; 340. secondary screening plate; 110. a knife box; 120. moving a knife; 121. a blade; 1211. cutting edges; 122. a cutter shaft; 130. Fixing a cutter; 131. a first oil outlet channel; 132. an elastic valve; 1321. a gate; 1322. a return spring; 1323. a stopper; 140. cleaning the assembly; 141. a second cleaning section; 142. a first cleaning section; 1421. a second oil outlet channel; 143. a third cleaning section; 1431. cleaning the block; 150. a discharge hopper; 160. a speed reducing motor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams each illustrating the basic structure of the present invention only in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, embodiment 1 provides a solid waste crushing system, which includes: a feed hopper 200, a screening device 300, and a crushing device 100; the feed hopper 200 is connected with the crushing device 100 through a screening device 300; the feed hopper 200 is arranged above the screening device 300 and is suitable for conveying solid wastes into the screening device 300; the screening device 300 is adapted to screen solid wastes smaller than a target size from among the solid wastes and then convey the remaining solid wastes to the crushing device 100; the crushing device 100 is adapted to crush the remaining solid waste.
The shearing crusher is a crusher commonly used in solid waste treatment and is characterized by low rotation speed of a cutter shaft 122, high efficiency, energy conservation, low noise, large crushing ratio, large discharge granularity and good crushing effect on tough materials. Because the gap between the knives of the shearing type crusher is fixed, great force is needed during shearing in the process of crushing the large materials, and if the knife gap is enlarged, thinner garbage can be squeezed into the gap between the garbage and can not be sheared, even the garbage is wound on a shaft; if the gap is adjusted to be small, the crushing of large materials is very laborious, and the friction energy consumption is higher.
Therefore, this application is through increasing sieving mechanism 300, ensures to enter into the useless size admittedly in breaker 100, and the useless solid that the size is little directly carries, carries out subsequent processing, and the big useless solid of size carries out subsequent processing after broken through breaker 100 to guarantee, the sword clearance between breaker 100 can be effectual be applied to in the useless crushing work admittedly.
In this embodiment, the screening apparatus 300 includes: a hopper 310, a material distribution plate 320, a primary screening assembly 330 and a secondary screening plate 340; the secondary screening plate 340 is obliquely arranged above the funnel 310; the primary screening assembly 330 is disposed above the secondary screening plate 340, and is spaced from the secondary screening plate 340 by a preset distance; the material distributing plate 320 is adapted to divide the solid waste into a plurality of flow channels and then flow into the primary screening assembly 330; the primary screening assembly 330 is adapted to perform primary screening on the solid wastes, and convey the screened solid wastes to the crushing device 100; the secondary screening deck 340 is adapted to drop solid waste smaller than a target size among the solid waste into the hopper 310, and convey the remaining solid waste to the crushing apparatus 100. The cooperation of the secondary screening deck 340 by the primary screening assembly 330 ensures that no solid waste entering the crushing device 100 is of a size less than a predetermined size.
In this embodiment, the material distributing plate 320 is provided with a plurality of material distributing channels 321 arranged in parallel; divide material passageway 321 one end to be connected the bottom of feeder hopper 200, the other end is connected the feed end of first screening subassembly. Through dividing material passageway 321, will give up admittedly and divide into a plurality of passageways, make the even entering screen material subassembly of giving up admittedly, be convenient for subsequent screening.
Wherein, divide flitch 320 slope to set up between feeder hopper 200 and the first subassembly of screening, and, the height that divides the flitch 320 to be connected one end with feeder hopper 200 is higher than the height of the one end of being connected with first subassembly 330 of screening to ensure, when useless landing from feeder hopper 200 admittedly, can not pile up on dividing the flitch 320, but through useless inertia of solid and useless dead weight of solid along dividing flitch 320 landing, thereby enter into on the first subassembly of screening.
In this embodiment, the primary screening component 330 includes: a plurality of weep plates 331; the material leaking plates 331 are obliquely arranged above the secondary screening plate 340 in a stepped manner, and the height of the material leaking plate 331 close to one end of the material distributing channel 321 is higher than that of the material leaking plate 331 close to one end of the crushing device 100. Through a plurality of hourglass flitch 331, carry out the primary screening to solid useless many times to the effect of screening has been improved.
Specifically, the material leakage plate 331 is provided with a plurality of leakage grooves 332 in parallel; the plurality of drain grooves 332 are arranged in parallel; the width of the leakage groove 332 is gradually increased, and the width of the leakage groove 332 near one end of the material distribution channel 321 is smaller than the width near one end of the crushing device 100. The solid wastes slide down along the leaking groove 332 under the action of inertia and self gravity, and the solid wastes smaller than the width of the leaking groove 332 fall onto the secondary screening plate 340 for secondary screening.
In this embodiment, the inclination of the primary screening component 330 is smaller than the inclination of the secondary screening plate 340, that is, the inclination of the material leakage plate 331 is smaller than the inclination of the secondary screening plate 340, the distance between the material leakage plate 331 and the secondary screening plate 340 is increased, and the solid waste with large self weight and the solid waste with small self weight form a speed difference, so that the solid waste with different self weights forms a differential speed during screening, and when the solid waste contacts the secondary screening plate 340, the solid waste with small self weight cannot be mixed with the solid waste with large self weight, thereby ensuring the screening precision.
In the present embodiment, the crushing apparatus 100 includes: a knife box 110, two movable knives 120 and two fixed knives 130; the two movable blades 120 are rotatably arranged in the knife box 110; the two fixed knives 130 are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the two movable knives 120 adjacent to the knife box 110; the blades 121 of the two movable blades 120 are arranged in a staggered manner; a cleaning assembly 140 is arranged between two adjacent blades 121 of each movable blade 120; the cleaning component 140 is slidably disposed on the fixed knife 130; the cleaning assembly 140 includes a first cleaning part 142 and a second cleaning part 141; the first cleaning part 142 is fixedly connected with the second cleaning part 141; the first cleaning part 142 is disposed in a gap between two adjacent blades 121; the second cleaning part 141 is arranged opposite to one of the blades 121, and the bottom of the second cleaning part 141 is suitable for abutting against the cutting edge 1211 of the blade 121 when the oppositely arranged blade 121 rotates, so that the second cleaning part 141 is pushed upwards; the second cleaning portion 141 is further adapted to slide down along the stationary knife 130 by its own weight when the cutting edges 1211 of the oppositely disposed blades 121 leave, so as to drive the first cleaning portion 142 to clean the gap between two adjacent blades 121. Through sliding at stationary knife 130 and setting up a plurality of clearance subassemblies 140, clearance subassembly 140's first clearance portion 142 is used for clearing up the clearance of two adjacent blades 121 of moving sword 120, and when second clearance portion 141 supports with the blade 1211 of blade 121, the residual material of clearance on moving sword 120 parcel to the neatness of moving sword 120 has been guaranteed, and the sharpness of blade 1211, thereby the efficiency of breakage has been guaranteed.
It should be noted that the first cleaning portion 142 and the second cleaning portion 141 are extremely heavy, that is, the self-weight of the first cleaning portion 142 and the second cleaning portion 141 is greater than the friction force between the residue between the adjacent blades 121 and the blades 121, that is, the first cleaning portion 142 and the second cleaning portion 141 can slide down along the stationary blade 130 by the self-weight when the residue exists between the adjacent blades 121.
The diameter of the cutting edge 1211 of the blade 121 is greater than the diameter of the root of the cutting edge 1211, and the connecting plate between the cutting edge of the cutting edge 1211 and the root of the cutting edge 1211 is arc-shaped. Since the diameter of the edge 1211 is greater than the diameter of the root of the edge 1211, when the current edge 1211 rotates to the next edge 1211, the second cleaning part 141 slides down and flows out, that is, the second cleaning part 141 is pushed upwards by the edge 1211 first, and then is pushed continuously along the sidewall of the edge 1211 until the sidewall of the edge 1211 cannot contact the second cleaning part 141, and then the second cleaning part 141 slides downwards along the stationary knife 130 to the bottom until the next edge 1211 abuts against the bottom of the second cleaning part 141, and the above actions are repeated, so that the blade 121 can be cleaned continuously.
In this embodiment, the movable blade 120 further includes a blade shaft 122 and a plurality of pads; the blades 121 and the cutter pads are sequentially and alternately sleeved on the cutter shaft 122. The thickness of the shim is decided according to the particle size of the preset crushed aggregates, and because the two movable blades 120 are meshed with each other, when the blades 121 of the two movable blades 120 are meshed by arranging the shim, the relative distance between the two blades 121 is the same, and meanwhile, the installation of the blades 121 is facilitated, and the installation efficiency of the blades 121 is improved.
In this embodiment, the fixed blade 130 is provided with a sliding slot suitable for the sliding of the second cleaning portion 141, the first cleaning portion 142 and the second cleaning portion 141 are integrally formed, and in other embodiments, the first cleaning portion 142 and the second cleaning portion 141 may be fixed by bolts or the like.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the second cleaning part 141 is provided with a polishing surface; the polishing surface is adapted to polish the edge 1211 of the blade 121 when the edge 1211 rotates to abut against the polishing surface. Specifically, the edge of the cutting edge 1211 first contacts with the middle position of the polishing surface of the second cleaning portion 141, and when the cutting edge 1211 continues to rotate along with the movable blade 120, the edge slides relative to the polishing surface of the second cleaning portion 141, so that the edge is polished, or the residue wrapped by the edge is polished, so that the residue included in the edge is worn and sharpened, and the next step of crushing is performed.
In this embodiment, the fixed knife 130 is provided with a first oil outlet channel 131 and an elastic valve 132; a second oil outlet channel 1421 is arranged at a position of the second cleaning part 141 corresponding to the first oil outlet channel 131; the second cleaning portion 141 is adapted to push the elastic valve 132 open when the second oil outlet channel 1421 slides to be opposite to the first oil outlet channel 131, so that the first oil outlet channel 131 is communicated with the second oil outlet channel 1421. When the second oil outlet channel 1421 of the second cleaning portion 141 is communicated with the first oil outlet channel 131, the lubricating oil in the first oil outlet channel 131 enters the second oil outlet channel 1421, flows into the cutting edge 1211 of the movable blade 120 from the second oil outlet channel 1421, and follows the rotation of the cutting edge 1211 to uniformly coat the lubricating oil on the blade 121, so as to lubricate the movable blade 120, complete the maintenance of the movable blade 120, and further improve the service life of the crushing device 100.
The elastic valve 132 includes a gate 1321 and a return spring 1322; the fixed knife 130 is provided with an accommodating cavity suitable for installing the gate 1321 and the return spring 1322; the accommodating chamber is communicated with the first oil outlet passage 131; the shutter 1321 is elastically connected to the top of the receiving chamber by the return spring 1322, and is adapted to close the first oil outlet passage 131 by an elastic force of the return spring 1322. Specifically, when the second cleaning part 141 rises along with the cutting edge 1211 of the blade 121, it abuts against the gate 1321, so that the gate 1321 moves upward and compresses the return spring 1322 at the top of the gate 1321, thereby opening the first oil outlet passage 131, and when the cutting edge 1211 of the blade 121 leaves the second cleaning part 141 and the second cleaning part 141 descends by its own weight, the second cleaning part 141 leaves the gate 1321, and the gate 1321 moves downward by its own weight and the elastic force of the return spring 1322, thereby rapidly closing the first oil outlet passage 131.
In this embodiment, the gate 1321 extends out of a stopper 1323 toward the second cleaning portion 141; the second cleaning portion 141 is adapted to press the stopper 1323 when pushed upward, thereby moving the shutter 1321 upward, thereby opening the first oil outlet passage 131. Specifically, when the second cleaning portion 141 moves upward, it first abuts against the stopper 1323, and then continues to move upward, so that the stopper 1323 presses the return spring 1322, so that the gate 1321 moves upward, the first oil outlet passage 131 is opened, and at the same time, the first oil outlet passage 131 is communicated with the second oil outlet passage 1421, and when the second cleaning portion 141 slides downward along the stationary knife 130 by its own weight, the communication between the first oil outlet passage 131 and the second oil outlet passage 1421 is first disconnected, so that the pressing force applied to the stopper 1323 is released, and at this time, the stopper 1323 and the gate 1321 move downward under the own weight and the elastic force of the return spring 1322, so that the first oil outlet passage 131 is closed.
The width of the gate 1321 is greater than the width of the first oil outlet channel 131, so that the gate 1321 can completely block the first oil outlet channel 131 to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the first oil outlet channel 131.
Because the lubricant oil will have sediment remaining in the second oil outlet passage 1421 during circulation, the second oil outlet passage 1421 will be blocked during long-term use, and the oil outlet effect will be affected.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the cleaning assembly 140 further includes a third cleaning portion 143; the third cleaning part 143 is elastically connected with the second cleaning part 141; the top of the second oil outlet channel 1421 of the second cleaning part 141 is communicated with the outside; the third cleaning part 143 is provided with a cleaning block 1431 suitable for being inserted into the second oil outlet channel 1421; the third cleaning part 143 is adapted to slide along the second cleaning part 141, and when the second cleaning part 141 slides to the bottom of the stationary knife 130, the cleaning block 1431 is pressed against the second oil outlet channel 1421 by inertia. Because the third cleaning portion 143 is provided with the cleaning block 1431 inserted into the second oil outlet channel 1421, when the second cleaning portion 141 slides to the bottom along the sliding groove of the stationary knife 130 by its own weight, because the third cleaning portion 143 is elastically connected with the second cleaning portion 141, at this time, the third cleaning portion 143 compresses the spring, so that the third cleaning portion 143 continues to move downward, so that the cleaning block 1431 extrudes the second oil outlet channel 1421, in the extrusion process, the precipitate attached to the surface of the second oil outlet channel 1421 is scraped, when the lubricating oil flows through the second oil outlet channel 1421 next time, the precipitate is taken away, the cleaning of the second oil outlet channel 1421 is completed, the blockage of the second oil outlet channel 1421 is delayed to a certain extent, the service life of the second oil outlet channel 1421 is further prolonged, and thus the service life of the crushing device 100 is indirectly prolonged.
In this embodiment, the crushing device 100 further comprises a reduction motor 160; the parts of the two movable blades 120 penetrating through the knife box 110 are meshed through gears; the gear motor 160 is adapted to drive one of the gears to rotate, thereby driving the two movable blades 120 to rotate.
In this embodiment, the crushing device 100 further comprises a discharge hopper 150; the discharging hopper 150 is fixedly disposed at a lower portion of the knife box 110, and is adapted to convey the crushed solid wastes.
In this embodiment, the solid waste crushing system further comprises a conveying device; the conveying device is arranged below the discharge hopper 150 and the screening device 300; the conveying device is suitable for conveying the solid waste screened by the screening device 300 and the solid waste crushed by the crushing device 100.
The embodiment also provides a working method adopting the solid waste crushing system, and the method comprises the following steps: conveying the solid waste into a feed hopper 200; solid wastes which do not need to be crushed are screened out by the screening device 300 and conveyed; conveying the remaining solid waste to a crushing device 100 for crushing; and conveying the crushed solid waste. Through increasing sieving mechanism 300, ensure to enter into the size of the useless admittedly in breaker 100, the useless admittedly that the size is little directly carries, carries out subsequent processing, and the big useless admittedly of size carries out subsequent processing after broken through breaker 100 to guarantee that the sword clearance between breaker 100 can effectually be applied to in the useless crushing work admittedly.
In conclusion, the invention provides a solid waste crushing system and a working method thereof, which ensure the size of solid waste entering a crushing device by adding a screening device, directly convey the solid waste with small size for subsequent treatment, crush the solid waste with large size by the crushing device and then perform subsequent treatment, thereby ensuring that knife gaps among the crushing devices can be effectively applied to crushing work of the solid waste; the primary screening assembly is matched with the secondary screening plate to ensure that the size of solid wastes entering the crushing device is not smaller than the preset size; through sliding at the stationary knife and setting up a plurality of clearance subassemblies, the clearance of two adjacent blades of sword is moved in the clearance that first clearance portion of clearance subassembly is used for the clearance, and when second clearance portion supported with the blade of blade and held, the incomplete material of parcel on the sword was moved in the clearance to the clean and tidy of moving the sword has been guaranteed, and the sharpness of blade, thereby has guaranteed broken efficiency.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A solid waste crushing system, comprising: the device comprises a feed hopper, a screening device and a crushing device; the feed hopper is connected with the crushing device through a screening device; the feed hopper is arranged above the screening device and is suitable for conveying solid wastes into the screening device; the screening device is suitable for screening the solid wastes smaller than the target size in the solid wastes and conveying the residual solid wastes to the crushing device; the crushing device is suitable for crushing the residual solid wastes; the crushing device comprises: the knife box comprises a knife box body, two movable knives and two fixed knives; the two movable cutters are rotatably arranged in the cutter box; the two fixed cutters are respectively arranged on two side surfaces of the two movable cutters adjacent to the cutter box; the blades of the two movable blades are arranged in a staggered manner; a cleaning assembly is arranged between two adjacent blades of each movable blade; the cleaning assembly is arranged on the fixed cutter in a sliding mode; the cleaning assembly comprises a first cleaning part and a second cleaning part; the first cleaning part is fixedly connected with the second cleaning part; the first cleaning part is arranged in a gap between two adjacent blades; the second cleaning part is arranged opposite to one blade, and the bottom of the second cleaning part is suitable for abutting against the cutting edge of the blade when the oppositely arranged blade rotates, so that the second cleaning part is pushed upwards; when the second cleaning part is abutted against the cutting edge of the blade, the residual materials wrapped on the movable blade are cleaned; the second cleaning part is also suitable for sliding downwards along the fixed knife through self gravity when the cutting edges of the blades which are arranged oppositely leave, so that the first cleaning part is driven to clean the gap between two adjacent blades; the diameter of the knife edge of the cutting edge of the blade is larger than the diameter of the root part of the cutting edge, and a connecting plate between the knife edge part of the cutting edge and the root part of the cutting edge is arc-shaped; the movable knife also comprises a knife shaft and a plurality of knife pads; the plurality of blades and the cutter pads are sequentially and alternately sleeved on the cutter shaft; the bottom of the second cleaning part is provided with a grinding surface; the grinding surface is suitable for grinding the cutting edge when the cutting edge of the blade which is arranged oppositely rotates to abut against the grinding surface.
2. The solid waste crushing system of claim 1 wherein the screening device comprises: the screening device comprises a hopper, a material distribution plate, a primary screening assembly and a secondary screening plate; the secondary screening plate is obliquely arranged above the funnel; the primary screening assembly is arranged above the secondary screening plate and is separated from the secondary screening plate by a preset distance; the material distribution plate is suitable for dividing solid wastes into a plurality of flow channels and then enabling the solid wastes to flow into the primary screening assembly; the primary screening assembly is suitable for primary screening of solid waste and conveying the screened solid waste to the crushing device; the secondary screening plate is suitable for enabling solid wastes smaller than the target size in the solid wastes to fall into the hopper, and conveying the residual solid wastes to the crushing device.
3. The solid waste crushing system of claim 2, wherein the material distribution plate is provided with a plurality of material distribution channels arranged in parallel; divide material passageway one end to be connected the bottom of feeder hopper, the other end is connected the feed end of first screening subassembly.
4. The solid waste reduction system of claim 3, wherein the primary screening assembly comprises: a plurality of material leaking plates; a plurality of hourglass flitch are cascaded slope set up in the top of secondary screening board, and are close to the height that divides the flitch that leaks of material passageway one end is higher than being close to the hourglass flitch of breaker one end.
5. The solid waste crushing system of claim 4, wherein the material leaking plate is provided with a plurality of leaking grooves in parallel; the plurality of leakage grooves are arranged in parallel; the width of the leakage groove is gradually increased, and the width of one end, close to the material distribution channel, of the leakage groove is smaller than that of one end, close to the crushing device.
6. The solid waste reduction system of claim 2, wherein the primary screen assembly has a lesser inclination than the secondary screen deck.
7. The solid waste crushing system of claim 1 wherein the crushing device further comprises a discharge hopper; the discharge hopper is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the knife box and is suitable for conveying the crushed solid wastes.
8. The solid waste reduction system of claim 7, further comprising a conveyor; the conveying device is arranged below the discharge hopper and the screening device; the conveying device is suitable for conveying the solid waste screened by the screening device and the solid waste crushed by the crushing device.
9. A method of operating a solid waste reduction system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising: conveying the solid waste into a feed hopper; screening out solid wastes which do not need to be crushed by a screening device and conveying the solid wastes; conveying the residual solid waste to a crushing device for crushing; and conveying the crushed solid waste.
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| CN202210754474.XA CN114798113B (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Solid waste crushing system and working method thereof |
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| JP5944561B1 (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2016-07-05 | 株式会社サカエ | Shredding mechanism, shredder using the shredding mechanism, and manufacturing method of shredding mechanism |
| CN212215615U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-12-25 | 张小菲 | Efficient treatment device for construction waste |
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