CN114785386A - High-integration radio frequency front end - Google Patents
High-integration radio frequency front end Download PDFInfo
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- CN114785386A CN114785386A CN202210720957.8A CN202210720957A CN114785386A CN 114785386 A CN114785386 A CN 114785386A CN 202210720957 A CN202210720957 A CN 202210720957A CN 114785386 A CN114785386 A CN 114785386A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a high-integration radio frequency front end, which comprises a transmitting channel, a transmitting-receiving antenna, a receiving channel, a transceiver, a first phase modulation module and a second phase modulation module; the output end of the transceiver is connected with the input end of the transmitting channel, and the output end of the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting and receiving antenna; the input end of the receiving channel is connected with the receiving and transmitting antenna, and the output end of the receiving channel is connected with the input end of the transceiver; the first phase modulation module is positioned in the transmitting channel and used for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmitting channel; a second phase modulation module is located in the receive path for adjusting a phase of the radio frequency signal received via the receive path. According to the high-integration radio frequency front end, the phase modulation modules are respectively arranged on the transmitting channel and the receiving channel, so that the performance requirement of the phase modulation switch is reduced, and the cost is reduced while the integration level of the radio frequency front end is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a high-integration radio frequency front end.
Background
With the advent of the 5G communication era, the construction of a 5G network becomes more and more important, wherein a 5G base station is an indispensable ring for the construction of the 5G network. Since the most prominent features of 5G networks over 4G networks provide greater bandwidth, lower latency and greater capacity, 5G communications vary greatly from algorithms and hardware to support these performance metrics. Focusing on a radio remote Unit of a radio access network, such as an Active Antenna Unit (AAU), the most significant feature of 5G communication in terms of hardware is that the number of channels sharply changes, and changes from 4T4R of 4G communication to 32TR or 64TR, and a wave speed shaping (beacon) algorithm is also introduced in corresponding software, and its feature is that the amplitude and phase values of radio waves transmitted on each Antenna can be controlled, so that the energy reaching the terminal is maximized, and the communication quality can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a high-integration radio frequency front end, which reduces the performance requirement of a phase-change switch, thereby reducing the cost.
To solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a highly integrated rf front end, including: the device comprises a transmitting channel, a transmitting-receiving antenna, a transceiver, a receiving channel, a first phase modulation module and a second phase modulation module; the output end of the transceiver is connected with the input end of the transmitting channel, and the output end of the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting-receiving antenna; the input end of the receiving channel is connected with the receiving and transmitting antenna, and the output end of the receiving channel is connected with the input end of the transceiver; the first phase modulation module is positioned in the transmission channel and used for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmission channel; the second phase modulation module is located in the receive path for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal received via the receive path.
In addition, the transmission channel includes: the input end of the first filter is connected with the output end of the transceiver, and the output end of the first filter is connected with the power amplifier through the preamplifier; the first phase modulation module is integrated with the preamplifier, or the first phase modulation module is integrated with the power amplifier, or the first phase modulation module is integrated with the first filter.
In addition, the power amplifier comprises a power amplification module and a power coupler, wherein the input end of the power amplification module is connected with the output end of the preamplifier, and the output end of the power amplification module is connected with the transmitting-receiving antenna through the power coupler; the power amplification module comprises a main power amplifier, an auxiliary power amplifier and a combiner; the output end of the main power amplifier and the output end of the auxiliary power amplifier are connected with the input end of the power coupler through a combiner, and the first output end of the power coupler is connected with the transmitting-receiving antenna.
In addition, the highly integrated rf front end further includes: and the input end of the feedback channel is connected with the second output end of the power coupler, and the output end of the feedback channel is connected with the input end of the transceiver.
In addition, the feedback channel comprises a radio frequency switch, the input end of the radio frequency switch is connected with the second output end of the power coupler, and the output end of the radio frequency switch is connected with the transceiver.
In addition, the reception channel includes: the output end of the amplifier is connected with the input end of the transceiver through the second filter; the second phasing module is integrated with the amplifier or the second phasing module is integrated with the second filter.
In addition, the first phase modulation module is a phase modulation switch and/or the second phase modulation module is a phase modulation switch.
In addition, the phase modulation switch comprises at least one switch group, and each switch group comprises two single-pole four-throw switches.
In addition, the highly integrated rf front end further includes: the transmitting channel and the receiving channel are connected with the receiving and transmitting antenna through the loop device; the third filter is located between the circulator and the transceiving antenna.
In addition, the highly integrated rf front end further includes: and a first end of the grounding switch is connected with the loop connector, a second end of the grounding switch is connected with the receiving channel, and a third end of the grounding switch is grounded.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has at least the following advantages:
the high integrated radio frequency front end that this application embodiment provided sets up first phase modulation module, second phase modulation module respectively on transmission channel and receiving channel, compares in the antenna end at receiving and dispatching antenna and sets up the design of phase modulation switch, has greatly reduced the performance index requirement of phase modulation switch. The power that phase modulation switch bore can be reduced to 0dBm from 39dBm to the non-linear OP3 of phase modulation switch is reduced to 55dBm from 85dBm with this application embodiment. Meanwhile, the first phase modulation module and the second phase modulation module can be respectively integrated in the existing devices of a transmitting channel and a receiving channel, so that the integration flexibility is improved, and the integration level of the radio frequency front end is also improved; meanwhile, the area and the volume of the phase modulation switch after integration are reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by corresponding figures in the drawings, which are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments, unless expressly stated otherwise, and the drawings are not to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a radio frequency front end of a 5G communication base station;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a digital-analog hybrid architecture;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated rf front end according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated rf front end according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated rf front end according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated rf front end according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated RF front end according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated rf front end according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a highly integrated rf front end according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
As is known in the background art, in the wave velocity shaping algorithm, the amplitude and phase values of the radio waves transmitted from each antenna are changed to maximize the energy of the radio waves reaching the terminal, thereby improving the communication quality.
Referring to fig. 1, the most significant feature of 5G communication in terms of hardware is that the number of channels is rapidly changed, and fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a radio frequency front end architecture of a 32TR base station. In general, a base station is used for providing wireless communication signals, such as radio frequency signals, for a device such as a mobile phone; the transmitting and receiving antenna is also called a base station antenna and is one of the constituent devices of the base station; the receiving and transmitting antenna is used for receiving radio frequency signals transmitted by equipment such as a mobile phone and the like, transmitting the radio frequency signals to the radio frequency front end for processing, and sending the processed radio frequency signals to the equipment such as the mobile phone and the like, so that wireless communication is completed. As shown in fig. 1, a transceiver antenna 102 is connected to one end of a transmission channel (TX) and one end of a reception channel (RX) through a loop 103, and the other end of the transmission channel (TX) and the other end of the reception channel (RX) are connected to a transceiver 101. The transmitting channel is provided with a Power Amplifier (PA), and the receiving channel is provided with a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA).
The 5G communication not only has a large number of channels, but also introduces a wave velocity shaping algorithm into corresponding software, where the wave velocity shaping algorithm is the most typical feature of a 5gmimo (multiple input multiple output) system, and a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system refers to that a plurality of transmitting antennas and a plurality of receiving antennas are respectively used at a transmitting end and a receiving end, so that signals are transmitted and received through the plurality of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby improving communication quality, as shown in fig. 1. The MIMO system can fully utilize space resources, realize multichannel transmission and multichannel reception through a plurality of antennas, and improve the channel capacity of the system by times without increasing frequency spectrum resources and antenna transmitting power, thereby showing obvious advantages, therefore, the MIMO system is regarded as the core technology of the next generation mobile communication.
In order to change the phase or amplitude of each channel of a 5G MIMO system, three architectures are usually used to implement phase modulation and amplitude modulation. The three architectures are respectively a full digital architecture, a full analog architecture and a digital-analog hybrid architecture; wherein, the all-digital architecture is that all phase modulation and amplitude modulation are completed in a digital domain; the full-analog framework is that all phase modulation and amplitude modulation are completed in an analog domain; the digital-to-analog hybrid architecture is an architecture that utilizes a combination of digital and analog phase and amplitude modulation. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a digital-analog hybrid architecture. As shown in fig. 2, since the digital-analog hybrid architecture can replace devices on a channel by a switch with relatively low cost, the architecture is a better architecture, which can ensure performance while minimizing cost. Usually, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used as a controller, and a phase is selected by a large number of phase modulation switches, in fig. 2, a dashed line frame a is a phase modulation switch, the phase modulation switch is arranged at an antenna end of the transceiver antenna 102, and the phase modulation switch is connected with an output end of the amplifier. Phase modifying switch a in fig. 2 includes four switch sets, each switch set includes a pair of switches having a plurality of PINs (PIN PINs), and a phase adjuster for adjusting a phase is provided between adjacent PINs, as indicated by P in switch set of phase modifying switch a in fig. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the phase modulation switch a has a large number of switches, and is disposed at the antenna end of the transceiver antenna 102, so that noise and spurs generated by the phase modulation switch a can be completely emitted without any filtering, which makes high requirements on performance indexes of the phase modulation switch a. Most typical of these are the non-linearity index of the phase-modulated switch, the switching time, and the ability of the switch to withstand power. Normally, the nonlinearity index of the phase modulation switch is measured by OP3, and in the case of the digital-analog hybrid architecture shown in fig. 2, the nonlinearity of the phase modulation switch currently required to be OP3 reaches 85dBm, the switching time is less than several 5us orders of magnitude, and the minimum power is required to bear an average value of about 39dBm (8W). For the design of phase modulation switches, the three indexes of the nonlinearity index, the switching time and the power bearing capacity of the switch are mutually contained and influenced. The most difficult of the three criteria, in addition to meeting the bottom line requirements of switching time and power, is the non-linear criterion OP3, whose main purpose is to require that the phase modulation switch itself generates non-linear products (IMD 3) that are low enough to be considered as interference to other channels, and when the non-linear products generated by the phase modulation switch itself are low enough, the phase modulation switch can be prevented from generating interference to other channels.
To achieve such high linearity, phase modulated switches are typically designed with discrete diode PIN transistors and integrated switches. When the phase modulation switch adopts a PIN tube, high nonlinearity can be obtained because the PIN tube is a discrete device, but the cost of the PIN tube is high, and the area of the PIN tube is large, so that the PIN tube has no advantages in cost and area. When the phase modulation switch adopts an integrated switch, the integration degree is increased due to the smaller area of the integrated switch, but the design of the non-linear index OIP3 is very challenging, thereby causing the cost of the integrated switch to increase.
In order to reduce the design requirement of the non-linearity index OP3, an embodiment of the present application provides a highly integrated radio frequency front end, including: the device comprises a transmitting channel, a transmitting-receiving antenna, a transceiver, a receiving channel, a first phase modulation module and a second phase modulation module; the first phase modulation module is positioned in the transmission channel and used for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmission channel; the second phase modulation module is located in the receive path for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal received via the receive path. Compared with the design that the phase modulation switch is directly arranged at an antenna end, the phase modulation switch is greatly reduced in performance index requirements, the power borne by the phase modulation switch is reduced to 0dBm from 39dBm, and the nonlinearity OP3 of the phase modulation switch is reduced to 55dBm from 85 dBm.
Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that in the examples of the present application, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a highly integrated radio frequency front end, including: a transmission channel TX, a transceiving antenna 102, a transceiver 101, a reception channel RX, a first phase modulation module 104 and a second phase modulation module 105; the output end of the transceiver 101 is connected with the input end of a transmitting channel TX, and the output end of the transmitting channel TX is connected with a transmitting-receiving antenna 102; the input end of the receiving channel RX is connected to the transceiving antenna 102, and the output end of the receiving channel RX is connected to the input end of the transceiver 101; a first phase modulation module 104 is located at the transmission channel TX for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal transmitted via the transmission channel TX; a second phase modulation module 105 is located at the reception channel RX for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal received via the reception channel RX.
The high-integration radio frequency front end provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to the radio frequency front end of the base station, so that the construction cost of the base station is greatly reduced. The construction of the 5G network not only needs the construction of macro base stations, but also needs a large number of micro base stations for networking, wherein the radio frequency front end is an important component formed by the micro base stations. Because the number of the 5G communication channels is increased to 32/64 transmitting channels TX and 32/64 receiving channels RX, the 5G communication frequency is high due to multiple input channels and multiple output channels, the loss is large during long-distance transmission, and energy loss is easily caused by obstacles, so that a large number of micro base stations are required for networking in the 5G network, which puts a high demand on the integration level of the radio frequency front end.
The rf front-end generally includes a transceiver 101, a transmission channel TX for transmitting rf signals to the transceiver antenna 102, and a reception channel RX for receiving rf signals from the transceiver antenna 102 and transmitting the rf signals to the transceiver 101 for sampling processing. In the embodiment of the present application, the first phase modulation module 104 is disposed in the transmission channel TX, and is configured to adjust a phase of a radio frequency signal transmitted through the transmission channel TX; and a second phase modulation module 105 is provided to the reception channel RX for adjusting the phase of the radio frequency signal received via the reception channel RX. Compared with the design that the phase modulation switch is directly arranged at the antenna port of the transceiving antenna 102 in the related art, the high-integration radio frequency front end provided by the embodiment of the application greatly reduces the requirement on the performance index of the phase modulation switch.
Meanwhile, the first phase modulation module 104 of the embodiment of the present application may be integrated in any device of the transmission channel TX, and the second phase modulation module 105 may be integrated in any device of the reception channel RX, so as to further improve the integration level, reduce the area and volume of the radio frequency front end, and reduce the cost.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the transmit channel TX comprises: a preamplifier 106, a power amplifier 107 and a first filter 108, wherein the input end of the first filter 108 is connected with the output end of the transceiver 101, and the output end of the first filter 108 is connected with the power amplifier 107 through the preamplifier 106; as shown at B in fig. 3, the first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with the preamplifier 106, since the first phase modulation module 104 is used to adjust the phase (phase) of the radio frequency signal transmitted via the transmission channel, which is denoted by P in fig. 3; as shown at D in fig. 4, the first phase modulation module 104 may also be integrated with the power amplifier 107; as shown at E in fig. 5, the first phase modulation module 104 may also be integrated with the first filter 108.
It should be noted that, since the phase modulation module is used for adjusting a phase (phase) of a radio frequency signal, the phase modulation module is denoted by P in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application.
Specifically, the transmission channel TX includes a power amplifier 107 for amplifying the signal transmitted by the transmission channel TX, so that the rf signal reaches a sufficient rf power and is fed into the transceiver antenna 102. As shown in fig. 3, the input terminal of the power amplifier 107 is connected to the output terminal of the preamplifier 106, and the output terminal of the power amplifier 107 is connected to the transmitting/receiving antenna 102. Specifically, the input terminal of the power amplifier 107 is configured to receive a radio frequency signal, and the output terminal of the power amplifier 107 is configured to output the radio frequency signal.
In some embodiments, the output of the power amplifier 107 of the transmit channel TX is communicatively coupled to the transceiver antenna 102, the input of the receive channel RX receives the rf signal from the transceiver antenna 102, and the output of the receive channel RX is coupled to the transceiver 101. At the same time, the rf signal is also transmitted into the feedback channel of the transceiver 101. Radio frequency signals include, but are not limited to: a 2G signal, a 3G signal, a 4G signal, or a 5G signal. A feedback channel in the transceiver 101 may detect data to be detected corresponding to a radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmission channel TX, for example, data such as transmission power, reflection power, and Digital Pre-Distortion (DPD) of the radio frequency signal. Specifically, the transmission power of the radio frequency signal refers to the power of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the transmission channel TX after being processed by the power amplifier 107 in the transmission channel TX; the reflected power refers to a power corresponding to a part of the rf signal reflected back from the rf signal transmitted by the transmission channel TX during the process of feeding the transceiver antenna 102.
Specifically, at the rf front end, corresponding feedback channels are formed for different transmission channels TX to detect the transmission power, the reflection power, and the digital predistortion DPD of the rf signal transmitted in the transmission channels TX, and the power amplifier 107, the preamplifier 106, and the first filter 108 of the transmission channels TX form a digital predistortion DPD loop of the rf signal. It should be noted that, the first phase modulation switch in the embodiment of the present application may be disposed at any position of the digital predistortion DPD loop at the transmitting end (TX end) of the transmission channel TX, and the first phase modulation switch may be integrated with any device of the digital predistortion DPD loop, so that the requirement on the switch performance index is reduced, and the integration level is improved.
As shown at B in fig. 3, as an example, first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with preamplifier 106, and first phase modulation module 104 is located in front of the input port of power amplifier 107; the preamplifier 106 may employ a small signal amplifier. In other examples, first phase modulation module 104 may be integrated with power amplifier 107, in a case where power amplifier 107 includes power coupler 110 and a multi-stage amplifier composed of a plurality of amplifiers, first phase modulation module 104 may be integrated with power coupler 110, and first phase modulation module 104 may be integrated with the multi-stage amplifier to reduce the area and volume of transmission channel TX, thereby improving the integration of the radio frequency front end.
Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the power amplifier 107 includes a power amplification module and a power coupler 110, an input of the power amplification module is connected to an output of the pre-amplifier 106, and an output of the power amplification module is connected to the transceiver antenna 102 through the power coupler 110; the power amplification module comprises a main power amplifier 111, an auxiliary power amplifier 112 and a combiner 113; the output terminal of the main power amplifier 111 and the output terminal of the auxiliary power amplifier 112 are connected to the input terminal of the power coupler 110 through a combiner 113, and the first output terminal of the power coupler 110 is connected to the transmitting/receiving antenna 102.
It should be noted that the power coupler 110 may also be disposed between the third filter 120 and the transceiving antenna 102; as shown in fig. 7, an output terminal of the third filter 120 is connected to an input terminal of the power coupler 110, a first output terminal of the power coupler 110 is connected to the transmitting/receiving antenna 102, and a second output terminal of the power coupler 110 is connected to an input terminal of the feedback path.
In some embodiments, the transmission channel TX may further include a first gain module 109, and the first gain module 109 may be a gain amplifier; an input of the first gain module 109 is connected to an output of the transceiver 101 and an output of the first gain module 109 is connected to an input of the first filter 108. It is understood that the first phase modulation module 104 may also be integrated with the first gain module 109 to reduce performance index requirements for the phase-modulated switch.
In some embodiments, the highly integrated rf front-end further comprises: a feedback path having an input coupled to a second output of power coupler 110 and an output coupled to an input of transceiver 101.
In some embodiments, the input terminal of the feedback channel is connected to the second output terminal of the power coupler 110 of the transmission channel TX, and since the rf signal transmitted in the feedback channel is the actually transmitted rf signal from the transmission channel TX, the feedback channel can be used to detect the transmission power of the rf signal and the digital predistortion. In order to make the detected data truly reflect the quality of the actual rf signal transmitted by the transmission channel TX, the rf signal transmitted by the feedback channel needs to be the rf signal directly from the transmission channel TX without being processed. Therefore, no filter is provided in the feedback channel, so that the rf signal from the transmission channel TX can be directly transmitted to the transceiver 101 via the rf switch 114 without being processed by the filter, thereby improving the authenticity of the rf signal data detected through the feedback channel.
In other embodiments, the feedback channel may be used to perform detection of reflected power of the radio frequency signal. Specifically, when the rf signal transmitted by the transmission channel TX is transmitted to the transceiver antenna 102, the transmitted rf signal is reflected due to the damage of a part of the transceiver antenna 102, and the reflected rf signal is received by the reception channel RX and transmitted to the transceiver 101. That is, the transmission path of the reflected rf signal is multiplexed with the normal rf signal receiving channel RX, and thus, the feedback channel can be used to perform the detection of the reflected power of the rf signal.
In some embodiments, the feedback path includes a radio frequency switch 114, an input of the radio frequency switch 114 being connected to the second output of the power coupler 110, and an output of the radio frequency switch 114 being connected to the transceiver 101.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the feedback channel in the transceiver 101 and the receiving channel RX may be multiplexed, that is, the feedback channel in the transceiver 101 may also be used as the receiving channel RX of the radio frequency signal to perform sampling processing on the radio frequency signal.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments, the rf switch 114 may be a single-pole four-throw switch, and four input terminals of the rf switch 114 are respectively connected to the output terminals of the power amplifiers 107 of different transmission channels TX for receiving rf signals; the output of the rf switch 114 is used to connect to the feedback path of the transceiver 101. As shown in fig. 5, the rf switch 114 includes four input terminals, and when the input terminal 1, the input terminal 2, the input terminal 3, and the input terminal 4 of the rf switch 114 are respectively connected to the output terminals, different paths are formed.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the receive path RX includes: an amplifier 115 and a second filter 117, an output of the amplifier 115 being connected to an input of the transceiver 101 via the second filter 117; as shown at C in fig. 3, the second phasing module 105 is integrated with the amplifier 115, since the second phasing module 105 is used to adjust the phase (phase) of the radio frequency signal received via the reception channel, indicated at C in fig. 3 by P; in other embodiments, second phase modulation module 105 may also be integrated with second filter 117, as shown at F in fig. 6.
It should be noted that the second phase modulation module 105 may be disposed at any position of the receiving channel RX to reduce the performance index requirement of the second phase modulation switch, and the second phase modulation module 105 may be integrated with any device of the receiving channel RX to reduce the area and volume of the receiving channel RX, thereby improving the integration level of the radio frequency front end.
Specifically, the amplifier 115 in the receiving channel RX is configured to amplify the radio frequency signal received by the receiving channel RX. In some embodiments, amplifier 115 may be a low noise amplifier LNA. On one hand, the low noise amplifier LNA can reduce clutter interference and improve the sensitivity of a radio frequency front-end chip in receiving radio frequency signals; on the other hand, the radio frequency signal from the transceiving antenna 102 can be amplified, and the radio frequency front end of the base station can be ensured to normally work. In some embodiments, in order to increase the amplification factor of the radio frequency signal to meet the requirement, the number of the amplifiers 115 may be set to be plural, thereby constituting a multistage amplifier, for example, the number of the amplifiers 115 may be 2 or more.
As an example, as shown in fig. 3, the second phasing module 105 may be integrated with a low noise amplifier LNA, and the second phasing module 105 is located at an output end of the low noise amplifier LNA, so as to reduce performance index requirements for the second phasing switch; in other embodiments, second phase modulation module 105 may also be integrated with second filter 117, as shown at F in fig. 6.
In some embodiments, the receiving channel RX may further include a second gain module 116, and the second gain module 116 may be a gain amplifier; the input of the second gain module 116 is connected to the output of the low noise amplifier LNA, the output of the second gain module 116 is connected to the input of a second filter 117, and the output of the second filter 117 is connected to the input of the transceiver 101. It will be appreciated that the second phase modulation module 105 may also be integrated with the second gain module 116.
In some embodiments, first phase modulation module 104 is a phase modulation switch and/or second phase modulation module 105 is a phase modulation switch.
In some embodiments, the phase-modulated switches comprise at least one switch set, each switch set comprising two single pole, four throw switches.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, first phase modulation module 104 may be a phase modulation switch formed by a switch group. The two single-pole four-throw switches are combined in a back-to-back manner to form a switch group, and a phase adjuster (as shown by P in the first phase modulation module 104 in fig. 8) is arranged between every two opposite pins of the two single-pole four-throw switches. The switch group is used as a first phase modulation switch, the first phase modulation switch is arranged at any position of a transmission channel TX, or the first phase modulation switch is integrated in any device on the transmission channel TX, namely the first phase modulation switch is integrated with a preamplifier 106, or a first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with a power amplifier 107, or the first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with a first filter 108, or the first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with a first gain module 109.
It will be appreciated that second phase modulation module 105 may also be a phase modulation switch formed by a switch set. The two single-pole four-throw switches are combined in a back-to-back manner to form a switch group, and a phase adjuster (as shown by P in the second phase modulation module 105 in fig. 8) is arranged between every two opposite pins of the two single-pole four-throw switches. The second phasing switch is set at any position of the receiving channel RX with the switch set as the second phasing switch, or the second phasing switch is integrated in any device on the receiving channel RX, i.e. the second phasing switch is integrated with the amplifier 115, or the second phasing switch is integrated with the second filter 117, or the second phasing switch is integrated with the second gain module 116.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the integration of the first phase modulation module 104 with the preamplifier 106 and the second phase modulation module 105 with the amplifier 115. As shown at B in fig. 8, first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with preamplifier 106; as shown at C in fig. 8, second phase modulation module 105 is integrated with amplifier 115.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of second phasing module 105 integrated with amplifier 115 when power coupler 110 is disposed between transceiver antenna 102 and third filter 120 and first phasing module 104 is integrated with preamplifier 106. As shown in fig. 9, the output terminal of the third filter 120 is connected to the input terminal of the power coupler 110, the first output terminal of the power coupler 110 is connected to the transmitting/receiving antenna 102, and the second output terminal of the power coupler 110 is connected to the input terminal of the feedback path. As shown at B in fig. 9, first phase modulation module 104 is integrated with preamplifier 106; as shown at C in fig. 9, second phase modulation module 105 is integrated with amplifier 115.
As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the highly integrated rf front end further includes: a circulator 103 and a third filter 120; the transmitting channel TX and the receiving channel RX are both connected with a transmitting-receiving antenna 102 through a loop element 103; a third filter 120 is located between the loop element 103 and the transceiving antenna 102.
In some embodiments, the transmission channel TX, the reception channel RX, and the transceiving antenna 102 are connected through the circulator 103, so that the transmission path of the radio frequency signal is: transmitted by a transmission channel TX to a transceiving antenna 102; transmitted by the transceiving antenna 102 to the receive path RX. Specifically, a first terminal of the circulator 103 is connected to the transceiving antenna 102 through the third filter 120, a second terminal of the circulator 103 is connected to an output terminal of the power amplifier 107 in the transmission channel TX, and a third terminal of the circulator 103 is connected to an input terminal of the amplifier 115 of the reception channel RX.
In some embodiments, the highly integrated rf front-end further comprises: a ground switch 118, a first terminal of the ground switch 118 is connected to the circulator 103, a second terminal of the ground switch 118 is connected to the amplifier 115 of the reception channel RX, and a third terminal of the ground switch 118 is grounded.
In the embodiment of the present application, the radio frequency front end in fig. 3 only shows 1 transmission channel TX and 1 reception channel RX, and in fact, for a 5G base station, there may be 32TR or 64TR channels, where TR denotes a transmission channel and a reception channel; i.e. a 5G base station may have 32 transmit channels TX and 32 receive channels RX, or a 5G base station may have 64 transmit channels TX and 64 receive channels RX. The reduced cost for an active antenna unit AAU according to 32TR/64TR is considerable, greatly reducing the number of phase modulation switches and the cost.
The high-integration radio frequency front end provided by the embodiment of the application is respectively provided with the first phase modulation module 104 and the second phase modulation module 105 on the transmitting channel TX and the receiving channel RX, and compared with the design that the phase modulation switch is arranged at the antenna end of the transmitting-receiving antenna 102, the performance index requirement on the phase modulation switch is greatly reduced. The power that phase modulation switch bore can be reduced to 0dBm from 39dBm to the non-linear OP3 of phase modulation switch is reduced to 55dBm from 85dBm with this application embodiment. Meanwhile, the first phase modulation module 104 and the second phase modulation module 105 can be respectively integrated in the existing devices of the transmitting channel TX and the receiving channel RX, so that the integration flexibility is improved, and the integration level of the radio frequency front end is also improved; meanwhile, the area and the volume of the phase modulation switch after integration are reduced, so that the cost is reduced.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of implementations of the present application, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, and it is intended that the scope of the application be limited only by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A highly integrated radio frequency front end, comprising:
a transmitting channel, a transmitting and receiving antenna and a transceiver; the output end of the transceiver is connected with the input end of the transmitting channel, and the output end of the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting and receiving antenna;
a receiving channel; the input end of the receiving channel is connected with the transceiving antenna, and the output end of the receiving channel is connected with the input end of the transceiver;
a first phase modulation module located at the transmit channel for adjusting a phase of a radio frequency signal transmitted via the transmit channel;
a second phase modulation module located in the receive channel for adjusting a phase of a radio frequency signal received via the receive channel.
2. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 1, wherein the transmit channel comprises: the input end of the first filter is connected with the output end of the transceiver, and the output end of the first filter is connected with the power amplifier through the preamplifier;
the first phase modulation module is integrated with the preamplifier, or the first phase modulation module is integrated with the power amplifier, or the first phase modulation module is integrated with the first filter.
3. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 2, wherein the power amplifier comprises a power amplification module and a power coupler, an input terminal of the power amplification module is connected with an output terminal of the preamplifier, and an output terminal of the power amplification module is connected with the transceiving antenna through the power coupler;
the power amplification module comprises a main power amplifier, an auxiliary power amplifier and a combiner; the output end of the main power amplifier and the output end of the auxiliary power amplifier are connected with the input end of a power coupler through the combiner, and the first output end of the power coupler is connected with the transmitting-receiving antenna.
4. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 3, further comprising: and the input end of the feedback channel is connected with the second output end of the power coupler, and the output end of the feedback channel is connected with the input end of the transceiver.
5. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 4, wherein the feedback path comprises a radio frequency switch, an input of the radio frequency switch being connected to the second output of the power coupler, an output of the radio frequency switch being connected to the transceiver.
6. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 1, wherein the receive channel comprises: an amplifier and a second filter, an output of the amplifier being connected to an input of the transceiver through the second filter;
the second phase modulation module is integrated with the amplifier or the second phase modulation module is integrated with the second filter.
7. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 1, wherein the first phase modulation module is a phase modulation switch and/or the second phase modulation module is a phase modulation switch.
8. The highly integrated radio frequency front end of claim 7, in which the phase modulation switches comprise at least one switch bank, each switch bank comprising two single pole, four throw switches.
9. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 1, further comprising: the transmitting channel and the receiving channel are connected with the transceiving antenna through the loop device; the third filter is located between the circulator and the transceiving antenna.
10. The highly integrated radio frequency front end according to claim 9, further comprising: and a first end of the grounding switch is connected with the loop device, a second end of the grounding switch is connected with the receiving channel, and a third end of the grounding switch is grounded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210720957.8A CN114785386A (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | High-integration radio frequency front end |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210720957.8A CN114785386A (en) | 2022-06-24 | 2022-06-24 | High-integration radio frequency front end |
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| CN108418601A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-17 | 苏州安迪卡普科技有限公司 | A kind of carrier wave cancellation system |
| CN110311701A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Transceiver, receiving channel, sendaisle calibration method and device |
| WO2021217495A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Long-distance wireless charging transmitting end, receiving end, and system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108418601A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-17 | 苏州安迪卡普科技有限公司 | A kind of carrier wave cancellation system |
| CN110311701A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-08 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Transceiver, receiving channel, sendaisle calibration method and device |
| WO2021217495A1 (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2021-11-04 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Long-distance wireless charging transmitting end, receiving end, and system |
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