CN114784332A - Cold start control method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Cold start control method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 112
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold start control method, a device, equipment and a medium, which are applied to a fuel cell dual system comprising a first fuel cell system and a second fuel cell system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the coolant outlet temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is the first fuel battery system and/or the second fuel battery system; and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting a fuel electric pile in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time. The invention can efficiently realize the cold start control of the fuel cell dual system and shorten the cold start time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a cold start control method, a cold start control device, cold start control equipment and a cold start control medium.
Background
China, as a big automobile country, has a huge automobile market. Brings economic benefit and brings huge energy consumption and environmental pollution. With the increasingly intense competition in the automotive field, enterprises and colleges have begun to engage in research on hydrogen fuel cell automobiles. The application field of fuel cell vehicles is mainly the market of commercial vehicles at present, and due to the fact that the commercial vehicles are large in size and heavy in weight, the demand for high-power fuel cell vehicles is increasing day by day, and dual-system fuel cell vehicles are produced by day.
However, in practice, it is found that when the fuel cell is in a low-temperature environment, a cathode and anode gas pipeline inside the fuel cell and water in the electric pile may be frozen, which may cause congestion of an airflow channel in the electric pile, reduce activity of a cathode-anode catalyst, and cause a long start-up time of the fuel cell vehicle in the low-temperature environment, or cause a start-up failure.
Therefore, a better fuel cell cold start control scheme is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a cold start control method, a cold start control device, cold start control equipment and a cold start control medium, so that the cold start control of a fuel cell dual system can be efficiently realized, and the cold start time can be shortened.
In one aspect, the present application provides a cold start control method, which is applied to a fuel cell dual system including a first fuel cell system and a second fuel cell system, and includes:
when the coolant outlet temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is the first fuel battery system and/or the second fuel battery system;
and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting a fuel electric pile in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time.
Optionally, the sequentially determining the preset cold start condition of each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system further includes:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the thermal management subsystem so that the thermal management subsystem is started when the pressure of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure and the temperature of a hydrogen discharge valve is greater than a second preset temperature:
when the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve is less than or equal to the first preset temperature, starting heating of the hydrogen exhaust valve;
controlling the rotating speed of a water pump according to the temperature difference of the cooling liquid entering and leaving the reactor;
controlling the temperature control valve to open a circulation mode;
and controlling the power of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) according to the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid.
Optionally, the sequentially and sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system further includes:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the air subsystem so that the air subsystem is started when the rotating speed of an air compressor is greater than a preset idle speed:
controlling the opening of the backpressure valve according to the target air pressure of air entering the pile;
and controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air flow of the air entering the stack.
Optionally, the sequentially and sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system further includes:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the hydrogen subsystem to start up the hydrogen subsystem:
opening a hydrogen inlet valve;
controlling the opening of the proportional valve;
controlling the rotating speed of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and opening a hydrogen discharge drain valve to perform corresponding hydrogen discharge and water discharge treatment.
Optionally, after the thermal management subsystem is turned on, the method further includes:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
closing a hydrogen discharge valve, opening a hydrogen inlet valve, and adjusting the opening degree of a proportional valve to close the proportional valve and the hydrogen inlet valve when the pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is greater than or equal to a second preset pressure;
after the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened for a preset first time, judging whether the current pressure of the hydrogen entering the reactor is less than or equal to a third preset pressure;
if so, determining that the hydrogen loop is not blocked, and continuing to execute the judging step of starting the air subsystem when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature;
if not, determining that the hydrogen loop is blocked, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
Optionally, after the thermal management subsystem is turned on, the method further comprises:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sending a target opening instruction of the back pressure valve;
when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the preset target opening degree is smaller than a preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve is completed, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature, continuing to execute the judging step of starting the air subsystem;
when the error between the actual opening of the back pressure valve and the target opening quality inspection is not smaller than the preset error, sending a reference opening instruction of the back pressure valve to perform multistage ice breaking operation on the back pressure valve, and repeatedly executing the step of sending the target opening instruction of the back pressure valve until the preset times are repeated;
and when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the target opening degree at the end is not smaller than the preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve fails, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
Optionally, in the self-heating process, the method further comprises:
judging whether the target battery system meets at least one of the following conditions so as to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails;
whether the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor is greater than or equal to a third preset temperature or not;
the minimum value of the voltage of the electric pile single chip in the target battery system is larger than a preset first voltage;
and the average value of the voltage of the electric pile single sheets in the target battery system is greater than a preset second voltage.
In another aspect, the present application provides a cold start control apparatus for a fuel cell dual system including a first fuel cell system and a second fuel cell system, the apparatus including: processing module and start-up module, wherein:
the processing module is used for sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel cell dual system when the coolant stack-out temperature of a target cell system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, wherein the target cell system is the first fuel cell system and/or the second fuel cell system;
and the starting module is used for starting the fuel cell stack in the target cell system to carry out self-heating when each subsystem meets the preset cold starting condition so as to shorten the cold starting time.
For the content that is not introduced or not described in the embodiment of the present application, reference may be made to the related descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described here again.
On the other hand, the present application provides a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the terminal device includes: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus; the processor, the memory and the communication interface are connected through the bus and complete mutual communication; the memory stores executable program code; the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code stored in the memory for executing the cold start control method as described above.
On the other hand, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program that executes the cold start control method as described above when the program runs on a terminal device, by an embodiment of the present application.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: when the coolant outlet temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is a first fuel battery system and/or a second fuel battery system in the fuel battery dual system; and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting the fuel electric stack in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time. In the scheme, the cold start control can be performed on the target battery system according to the cold start condition judgment of each subsystem in the fuel battery dual system, so that the cold start time of the battery system is shortened, and the convenient and efficient cold start control of the target battery system is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell dual system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2-3 are schematic flow charts of two cold start control methods provided in the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a hydrogen loop congestion determination according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an ice breaking determination of a backpressure valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold start control device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The applicant has also found in the course of the present application that: at present, the cold start starting condition of the fuel cell dual-system automobile is judged according to the current ambient temperature. And if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the set value, performing a cold start process. The two systems simultaneously set the target Temperature and power of a Positive Temperature Coefficient thermistor (PTC), the Temperature of the electric pile is raised to be above 0 ℃, then a normal starting process is carried out, a thermal management subsystem, a hydrogen and air subsystem are started, and hydrogen and air are introduced into the electric pile to react to generate power so as to meet the power requirement of the whole automobile.
However, in practice it has been found that: the cold start starting condition is judged only by using the current environment temperature, is not comprehensive enough, and does not carry out different flow operations according to different states of the two systems, thereby increasing the starting time of the fuel cell system. After entering the cold start process, before starting the PTC heating, the device states of the subsystems are not judged, which may cause problems such as failure of cold start.
The embodiment of the application provides a cold start control method, and solves the technical problems that the cold start time is long and the like in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the coolant outlet temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is a first fuel battery system and/or a second fuel battery system in the fuel battery dual system;
and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting the fuel electric stack in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
First, it is noted that the term "and/or" appearing herein is merely an associative relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell dual system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The system 10 shown in fig. 1 includes a hydrogen inlet valve 101, a proportional valve 102, a hydrogen circulation pump 103, a fuel cell dual system 104, and a command converter 105 (which may also be a dc-dc DCDC converter) sequentially disposed in this order. The fuel cell dual system 104 further comprises: a back pressure valve 106, a mixing and discharging 107, a hydrogen discharge and water discharge valve 108, and a gas-liquid separator 109. The system 10 further includes, connected in series: air filter 110, air flow meter 111, air compressor 112, intercooler 113, and humidifier 114.
As further shown, the system 10 also includes the following devices connected in a loop: a coolant inlet temperature sensor 115, a water pump 116, a temperature control valve 117, a PTC118, and a coolant outlet temperature sensor 119. Optionally, a heat sink 120 is further disposed between the thermo valve 117 and the PTC 118. The present application is not limited to or limited to the specific components of the fuel cell dual system.
Please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic flowchart of a cold start control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method shown in fig. 2 is applied to the fuel cell dual system shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following implementation steps:
s201, when the coolant discharge temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially and sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of each subsystem in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is the first fuel battery system and/or the second fuel battery system.
When the coolant stack temperature of the target battery system (i.e. the temperature of the stack in the target battery system) is detected to be less than or equal to a first preset temperature (e.g. 0 ℃) and greater than or equal to a first calibration temperature a, and the current environment temperature of the target battery system is greater than or equal to a calibration environment temperature B (e.g. -30 ℃) and less than or equal to a preset environment temperature (e.g. 0 ℃), optionally, the present application may also combine duration of each temperature, for example, after the duration of the temperature reaches a preset duration (e.g. 10S), the present application may determine to enter the cold start process of the target battery system, and execute the step of S201.
As can be appreciated, the present application may control the cold start process of determining whether to enter the target battery system according to the ambient temperature and the coolant stack-out temperature of each target battery system. Specifically, for example, when the stack outlet temperature (which may represent the stack temperature) of the coolant of each of the first fuel cell system and the second fuel cell system is less than or equal to the first preset temperature 0 ℃ at the same time in the present application, the present application may enter the dual-system cold start procedure. The temperature of the discharged cooling liquid can be acquired by a temperature sensor of the discharged cooling liquid. Optionally, the present application may further add an ambient temperature and a temperature duration, specifically, for example, when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the calibrated ambient temperature B and less than or equal to the preset ambient temperature 0 ℃, the coolant stack outlet temperatures of the first and second fuel cell systems are both less than or equal to the first preset temperature, and the duration is greater than the preset duration, and then both the first and second fuel cell systems may enter the cold start process.
When the coolant outlet temperature of any one of the fuel cell dual systems is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the cold start process of the single fuel cell system can be entered, and further the PTC can be started to heat the cell stack of the single fuel cell system. When the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the stack rises to a second preset temperature (for example, -5 ℃), the stack of the single fuel cell system can be started to carry out self-heating, so that the cold start time is shortened. Optionally, the present application may further add an ambient temperature and a temperature duration, specifically, for example, when the ambient temperature is less than or equal to a preset ambient temperature, the coolant stack outlet temperature of any battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, and the duration is greater than a preset duration, and the coolant stack outlet temperature of another battery system is greater than the first preset temperature, then a cold start process of the single fuel cell system may be entered.
On the contrary, when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from any one of the fuel cell dual systems is 0 ℃ higher than the first preset temperature, the normal-temperature starting process can be started, the upper limit of the labor output of the fuel cell system is sent, and the power requirement of the whole vehicle is met to a certain extent. Optionally, a duration may also be added, specifically, for example, if the coolant stack outlet temperature of any battery system is greater than 0 ℃ of the first preset temperature, and the duration is greater than the preset duration, the present application may enter a normal temperature start-up process.
Accordingly, the following two cases are present in the present application, which will cause the cold start failure of the fuel cell dual system: the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the battery system is less than or equal to a first calibration temperature A; the environmental temperature is less than or equal to the calibration environmental temperature B.
And S202, when each subsystem meets preset cold start conditions, starting a fuel electric pile in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time.
The thermal management subsystem can be started after a cold start process of the target battery system is entered. Please refer to fig. 3, which illustrates a flowchart of the control method after entering the cold start. As shown in fig. 3, the present application may adjust and control at least one of the following devices such that the thermal management subsystem is activated when the coolant inlet pressure of the target battery system is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure (e.g., 120KPa) and the temperature of the hydrogen discharge valve is greater than a second preset temperature (e.g., 40 ℃), and continue with the following steps: when the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve is lower than or equal to the first preset temperature, the heating of the hydrogen exhaust valve is started; the rotating speed of the water pump is controlled according to the temperature difference of the cooling liquid entering and exiting the reactor, specifically, the application sends/sets a water pump enable signal to be 1 through a CAN bus, and then PID closed-loop control is carried out on the water pump according to the temperature difference of the cooling liquid entering and exiting the reactor as a control target; the temperature control valve is controlled to open a small circulation mode, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid can be increased quickly; and controlling the power of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) according to the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid, specifically setting a PTC enable signal to be 1, setting the target temperature of a PTC water outlet to be 5 ℃, and controlling the PTC power according to the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid.
When the stack pressure of the cooling liquid is greater than a first preset pressure (such as 120KPa) and the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature (such as 40 ℃), the startup of the thermal management subsystem is indicated to be successful.
As further shown in fig. 3, the present application may adjust at least one of the following components in the air subsystem such that the air subsystem is started when the air compressor rotational speed is greater than a preset idle rotational speed: controlling the opening of the backpressure valve according to the target air pressure of air entering the pile; and controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air flow of the air entering the stack. Specifically, for example, when the coolant stack-out temperature reaches a PTC target temperature, e.g., -5 ℃, the present application may start the air subsystem, enabling the air compressor; according to a pile manual, the air inlet flow rate during low-temperature starting is set, and PID closed-loop control is performed on the air compressor by taking the air inlet flow rate as a feedback quantity. Meanwhile, the air inlet pile target pressure can be set according to a pile manual, the air inlet pile pressure is used as a feedback quantity, and PID closed-loop control is carried out on the backpressure valve. When the rotating speed of the air compressor is greater than the idling rotating speed (the lowest rotating speed after the air compressor runs), the air subsystem is started successfully.
As further shown in fig. 3, the present application can adjust at least one of the following components in the hydrogen subsystem to start up the hydrogen subsystem: opening a hydrogen inlet valve; controlling the opening of the proportional valve; controlling the rotating speed of the hydrogen circulating pump; and opening a hydrogen discharge drain valve to perform corresponding hydrogen discharge and water discharge treatment. Specifically, after the air subsystem is successfully started, the hydrogen subsystem can be started, the hydrogen inlet valve is opened, and hydrogen is introduced into the electric pile. And then according to a pile handbook, setting a target value of the hydrogen pile feeding pressure during low-temperature starting, taking the hydrogen pile feeding pressure as a feedback quantity, and carrying out closed-loop control on the proportional valve. Send the start instruction that opens ice to the hydrogen circulating pump through the CAN signal, start the hydrogen circulating pump. Wherein, the successful starting judgment condition of the hydrogen subsystem is as follows: the pressure build-up of the hydrogen gas is completed, and the pressure of the hydrogen gas entering the reactor reaches a target value which is determined by the reactor per se. The feedback state of the hydrogen circulating pump is successful starting. The temperature of the hydrogen discharge valve is greater than or equal to a preset specified temperature, for example, 5 ℃. The three conditions are simultaneously met, and the hydrogen subsystem can be considered to be successfully started.
Understandably, the present application may perform an under-pressure pre-charge when the air subsystem is successfully activated. And when the lowest value of the voltage of the electric pile single chip is greater than or equal to the corresponding preset first voltage when the target battery system is at the open-circuit voltage, the low-voltage pre-charging is successful. According to the method and the device, after the low-voltage pre-charging is successful, the DCDC starting command can be issued. After the DCDC converter feeds back a startup completion signal, the electric pile of the target battery system can be started to perform a self-heating process. Since the target battery system is not successfully started at this time, a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) demand circuit is 0A. Therefore, in the self-heating process of the cell stack, the FCCU (fuel electric system controller/unit) sets the DCDC low-side target current to be 100A, the loading gradient is divided into five sections by adopting a sectional loading mode, and the target current of the cell stack is increased by 20A every 30 s. In addition, the target current loading rate of the galvanic pile is calibrated through the temperature of the cooling liquid out of the galvanic pile. The lower the coolant outlet temperature of the target battery system is, the faster the stack loading rate is. Along with the PTC heats the cooling liquid and the heat generated when the galvanic pile operates, the temperature of the cooling liquid out of the galvanic pile gradually rises.
In practical applications, the battery stack is generally composed of a plurality of stack monoliths, and is generally composed of 300 stack monoliths. The present application may continue to determine whether the target battery system satisfies any of the following conditions: the temperature of the discharged cooling liquid is less than or equal to a third preset temperature (5 ℃), whether the lowest value/the minimum value of the voltage of the electric pile single sheets in the target battery system is less than or equal to a preset first voltage (a calibrated value) or not, and whether the average value of the voltage of the electric pile single sheets is less than or equal to a preset second voltage or not. Determining that a cold start of the target battery system fails if any one of the above conditions is satisfied; otherwise, the subsequent flow may continue.
In an optional embodiment, after the cold start of the target battery system fails, the shutdown purging process CAN be performed, and fault information of the failed start CAN be sent to the VCU through the CAN bus. Conversely, after a successful cold start of the target battery system, the present application responds to the power demand of the VCU.
In an alternative embodiment, the present application may also detect/check the device status of each subsystem after the thermal management subsystem is turned on. Specifically, the flow diagrams of the hydrogen path blockage determination and the back pressure valve ice breaking determination shown in fig. 4 and 5 can be referred to.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart showing a possible hydrogen path blockage judgment. As shown in fig. 4, the hydrogen discharge valve may be closed, the hydrogen inlet valve may be opened, and the hydrogen inlet target pressure may be set to a second preset pressure (e.g., 110kpa), so as to perform hydrogen gas path pressure buildup by controlling the opening of the proportional valve in a closed-loop manner according to the hydrogen inlet target pressure. When the pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor reaches a second preset pressure, such as 110kpa, the hydrogen inlet valve and the proportional valve are closed, the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened, the pressure of a hydrogen path is relieved, and a preset time, such as 5s, is timed. If the pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is less than the third preset pressure (for example, 101kpa), the hydrogen path is not blocked, and the subsequent steps of the application can be continuously executed. Otherwise, judging that the hydrogen path is blocked and the cold start of the target battery system fails.
Please refer to fig. 5, which illustrates a schematic flow chart of a possible ice breaking process of the back pressure valve. As shown in fig. 5, the present application may transmit the target opening degree of the back pressure valve as a first preset opening degree (e.g., 30), and observe the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve. If the error between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree of the backpressure valve is smaller than a preset error (for example, 10%), the backpressure valve is judged to be icebroken, and the subsequent processes of the application can be continuously executed.
If the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the target opening degree is larger than or equal to a preset error (such as 10%), the target opening degree of the back pressure valve is sent to be a second preset opening degree (such as 0), and the second preset opening degree is smaller than the first preset opening degree. After a first set time period (e.g., two seconds) is timed, the application may send the target opening of the back pressure valve to be 100, repeat 5 cycles, and perform a first-stage ice breaking operation.
Further this application can send back pressure valve target aperture again and be 30, observes the actual aperture of back pressure valve. And if the error between the actual opening and the target opening of the back pressure valve is less than 10% of the preset error, judging that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve is finished. On the contrary, if the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the target opening degree is larger than or equal to 10%, the target opening degree of the back pressure valve is sent to be 0, the target opening degree of the back pressure valve is sent to be 100 after a second set time (for example, 1 second) is timed, 30 cycles are repeated, and the secondary ice breaking operation is executed. And sending the target opening 30 of the back pressure valve again, observing the actual opening of the back pressure valve, judging that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve is finished if the error between the actual opening of the back pressure valve and the target opening is less than 10%, and otherwise, judging that the ice breaking fails and the cold start fails. In the present application, the secondary ice breaking process is performed by taking the secondary ice breaking operation as an example, but the present application is not limited thereto. In practical applications, the number of times of performing the ice breaking operation, that is, the number of times of repeatedly performing the error determination process is not limited.
In an alternative embodiment, the present application may perform PTC heating on the target battery system after determining the device status of each subsystem, so as to shorten the cold start time of the target battery system.
It can be seen that this application goes out the heap temperature through ambient temperature and two battery system's coolant liquid and distinguishes dual system cold start-up flow, single system cold start-up flow and normal atmospheric temperature start-up flow, and arbitrary battery system starts successfully, then can respond VCU demand current, shortens cold start-up time, the whole car power demand of quick response. After entering a cold start process, the state of each subsystem device is judged, the devices are heated, iced and the like, normal operation of the devices in the cold start process is ensured, and the probability of success of cold start is improved. When any one battery system fails in cold start, the system automatically enters a shutdown purging flow, reduces the water content in the electric pile and the pipeline, and prepares for the next cold start. After entering a cold starting process, different starting strategies are adopted according to different states of the two battery systems, so that the starting time of the fuel battery system is shortened, and the power requirement of the whole vehicle is responded as soon as possible.
Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of the present application provides a device and a terminal device corresponding to the implementation of the cold start control method in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold start control device according to an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 60 shown in fig. 6 is applied to a fuel cell dual system including a first fuel cell system and a second fuel cell system, the apparatus 60 including: a processing module 601 and an initiating module 602, wherein:
the processing module 601 is configured to sequentially determine preset cold start conditions for each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system when a coolant stack outlet temperature of a target cell system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, where the target cell system is the first fuel cell system and/or the second fuel cell system;
the starting module 602 is configured to start the fuel cell stack in the target cell system to perform self-heating when each of the subsystems meets a preset cold start condition, so as to shorten a cold start time.
Optionally, each subsystem sequentially includes a thermal management subsystem, an air subsystem, and a hydrogen subsystem, and the processing module 601 is specifically configured to:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the thermal management subsystem so that the thermal management subsystem is started when the stack entering pressure of the cooling liquid is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure and the temperature of a hydrogen discharge valve is greater than a second preset temperature:
when the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve is less than or equal to the first preset temperature, starting heating of the hydrogen exhaust valve;
controlling the rotating speed of a water pump according to the temperature difference of the cooling liquid entering and exiting the reactor;
controlling the temperature control valve to open a circulation mode;
and controlling the power of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) according to the outlet temperature of the cooling liquid.
Optionally, the processing module 601 is specifically configured to:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the air subsystem so that the air subsystem is started when the rotating speed of an air compressor is greater than a preset idle speed:
controlling the opening of a back pressure valve according to the target air pressure of air entering the pile;
and controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air flow of the air entering the stack.
Optionally, the processing module 601 is specifically configured to:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the hydrogen subsystem to start up the hydrogen subsystem:
opening a hydrogen inlet valve;
controlling the opening of the proportional valve;
controlling the rotating speed of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and opening a hydrogen discharge water discharge valve to perform corresponding hydrogen discharge and water discharge treatment.
Optionally, after the thermal management subsystem is turned on, the processing module 601 is further configured to:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
closing a hydrogen discharge valve, opening a hydrogen inlet valve, and adjusting the opening degree of a proportional valve to close the proportional valve and the hydrogen inlet valve when the pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is greater than or equal to a second preset pressure;
after the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened for a preset first time, judging whether the current pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is less than or equal to a third preset pressure;
if so, determining that the hydrogen loop is not blocked, and continuing to execute the judgment step of starting the air subsystem when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature;
if not, determining that the hydrogen loop is blocked, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
Optionally, after the thermal management subsystem is turned on, the processing module 601 is further configured to:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sending a target opening instruction of the back pressure valve;
when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the preset target opening degree is smaller than a preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve is completed, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature, continuing to execute the judgment step of starting the air subsystem;
when the error between the actual opening of the back pressure valve and the target opening quality inspection is not smaller than the preset error, sending a reference opening instruction of the back pressure valve to perform multi-stage ice breaking operation on the back pressure valve, and repeatedly executing the step of sending the target opening instruction of the back pressure valve until the preset times are repeated;
and when the error between the actual opening of the backpressure valve and the target opening at the end is not smaller than the preset error, determining that the backpressure valve fails to break ice, so that the target battery system fails to start in a cold mode.
Optionally, in the self-heating process, the processing module 601 is further configured to:
determining whether the target battery system meets at least one of the following conditions to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails;
whether the temperature of the discharged cooling liquid is higher than a third preset temperature or not;
the minimum value of the voltage of the electric pile single chip in the target battery system is greater than a preset first voltage;
and the average value of the voltage of the electric pile single sheets in the target battery system is greater than a preset second voltage.
Please refer to fig. 7, which is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. The terminal device 70 shown in fig. 7 includes: at least one processor 701, a communication interface 702, a user interface 703 and a memory 704, where the processor 701, the communication interface 702, the user interface 703 and the memory 704 may be connected by a bus or by other means, and the embodiment of the present invention is exemplified by being connected by the bus 705. Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
The communication interface 702 may be a wired interface (e.g., an ethernet interface) or a wireless interface (e.g., a cellular network interface or using a wireless local area network interface) for communicating with other terminals or websites. In the embodiment of the present invention, the communication interface 702 is specifically configured to obtain parameters such as the reactor outlet temperature of the cooling liquid.
The user interface 703 may specifically be a touch panel, including a touch screen and a touch screen, for detecting an operation instruction on the touch panel, and the user interface 703 may also be a physical button or a mouse. The user interface 703 may also be a display screen for outputting, displaying images or data.
The Memory 704 may include Volatile Memory (Volatile Memory), such as Random Access Memory (RAM); the Memory may also include a Non-Volatile Memory (Non-Volatile Memory), such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, HDD), or a Solid-State Drive (SSD); the memory 704 may also comprise a combination of the above types of memory. The memory 704 is used for storing a set of program codes, and the processor 701 is used for calling the program codes stored in the memory 704 to execute the following operations:
when the coolant discharge temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially and sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of each subsystem in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is the first fuel battery system and/or the second fuel battery system;
and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting a fuel electric pile in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time.
Optionally, the subsystems sequentially include a thermal management subsystem, an air subsystem, and a hydrogen subsystem, and the sequentially and sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for the subsystems in the dual fuel cell system includes:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the thermal management subsystem so that the thermal management subsystem is started when the pressure of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure and the temperature of a hydrogen discharge valve is greater than a second preset temperature:
when the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve is lower than or equal to the first preset temperature, the heating of the hydrogen exhaust valve is started;
controlling the rotating speed of a water pump according to the temperature difference of the cooling liquid entering and leaving the reactor;
controlling the temperature control valve to open a circulation mode;
and controlling the power of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) according to the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor.
Optionally, the sequentially and sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system further includes:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the air subsystem so that the air subsystem is started when the rotating speed of an air compressor is greater than a preset idle speed:
controlling the opening of the backpressure valve according to the target air pressure of air entering the pile;
and controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air flow of the air entering the pile.
Optionally, the sequentially and sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system further includes:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the hydrogen subsystem to start up the hydrogen subsystem:
opening a hydrogen inlet valve;
controlling the opening of the proportional valve;
controlling the rotating speed of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and opening a hydrogen discharge water discharge valve to perform corresponding hydrogen discharge and water discharge treatment.
Optionally, after the thermal management subsystem is turned on, the processor 701 is further configured to:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
closing a hydrogen discharge valve, opening a hydrogen inlet valve, and adjusting the opening degree of a proportional valve to close the proportional valve and the hydrogen inlet valve when the pressure of hydrogen entering a reactor is greater than or equal to a second preset pressure;
after the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened for a preset first time, judging whether the current pressure of the hydrogen entering the reactor is less than or equal to a third preset pressure;
if so, determining that the hydrogen loop is not blocked, and continuing to execute the judging step of starting the air subsystem when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature;
and if not, determining that the hydrogen loop is blocked, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
Optionally, after turning on the thermal management subsystem, the processor 701 is further configured to:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sending a target opening instruction of the back pressure valve;
when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the preset target opening degree is smaller than a preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve is completed, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature, continuing to execute the judging step of starting the air subsystem;
when the error between the actual opening of the back pressure valve and the target opening quality inspection is not smaller than the preset error, sending a reference opening instruction of the back pressure valve to perform multi-stage ice breaking operation on the back pressure valve, and repeatedly executing the step of sending the target opening instruction of the back pressure valve until the preset times are repeated;
and when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the target opening degree at the end is not smaller than the preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve fails, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
Optionally, in the self-heating process, the processor 701 is further configured to:
determining whether the target battery system meets at least one of the following conditions to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails;
whether the temperature of the discharged cooling liquid is higher than a third preset temperature or not;
the minimum value of the voltage of the electric pile single chip in the target battery system is greater than a preset first voltage;
and the average voltage value of the electric pile single chip in the target battery system is greater than a preset second voltage.
Since the terminal device described in this embodiment is a terminal device used for implementing the method in this embodiment, based on the method described in this embodiment, a person skilled in the art can know a specific implementation of the terminal device in this embodiment and various variations thereof, so that a detailed description of how to implement the method in this embodiment by the terminal device is not described here. The terminal devices used by those skilled in the art to implement the method in the embodiments of the present application all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: when the coolant outlet temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is a first fuel battery system and/or a second fuel battery system in the fuel battery dual system; and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting the fuel electric stack in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time. In the scheme, the cold start control can be performed on the target battery system according to the cold start condition judgment of each subsystem in the fuel battery dual system, so that the cold start time of the battery system is shortened, and the convenient and efficient cold start control of the target battery system is realized.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A cold start control method applied to a fuel cell dual system including a first fuel cell system and a second fuel cell system, the method comprising:
when the coolant outlet temperature of a target battery system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel battery dual system, wherein the target battery system is the first fuel battery system and/or the second fuel battery system;
and when each subsystem meets the preset cold start condition, starting the fuel electric stack in the target battery system to carry out self-heating so as to shorten the cold start time.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subsystems sequentially comprise a thermal management subsystem, an air subsystem and a hydrogen subsystem, and the sequentially determining the preset cold start condition for each subsystem in the dual fuel cell system comprises:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the thermal management subsystem so that the thermal management subsystem is started when the pressure of the cooling liquid entering the reactor is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure and the temperature of a hydrogen discharge valve is greater than a second preset temperature:
when the temperature of the hydrogen exhaust valve is less than or equal to the first preset temperature, starting heating of the hydrogen exhaust valve;
controlling the rotating speed of a water pump according to the temperature difference of the cooling liquid entering and leaving the reactor;
controlling the temperature control valve to open a circulation mode;
and controlling the power of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) according to the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for each subsystem of the dual fuel cell system further comprises:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the air subsystem so that the air subsystem is started when the rotating speed of an air compressor is greater than a preset idle speed:
controlling the opening of the backpressure valve according to the target air pressure of air entering the pile;
and controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air flow of the air entering the stack.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said sequentially determining preset cold start conditions for each subsystem of the dual fuel cell system further comprises:
adjusting at least one of the following devices in the hydrogen subsystem to start up the hydrogen subsystem:
opening a hydrogen inlet valve;
controlling the opening of the proportional valve;
controlling the rotating speed of the hydrogen circulating pump;
and opening a hydrogen discharge drain valve to perform corresponding hydrogen discharge and water discharge treatment.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein after turning on the thermal management subsystem, the method further comprises:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
closing a hydrogen discharge valve, opening a hydrogen inlet valve, and adjusting the opening degree of a proportional valve to close the proportional valve and the hydrogen inlet valve when the pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is greater than or equal to a second preset pressure;
after the hydrogen exhaust valve is opened for a preset first time, judging whether the current pressure of hydrogen entering the reactor is less than or equal to a third preset pressure;
if so, determining that the hydrogen loop is not blocked, and continuing to execute the judging step of starting the air subsystem when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature;
if not, determining that the hydrogen loop is blocked, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein after turning on the thermal management subsystem, the method further comprises:
detecting device states of the subsystems to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sending a target opening instruction of the back pressure valve;
when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the preset target opening degree is smaller than a preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve is completed, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid discharged from the reactor rises to a second preset temperature, continuing to execute the judgment step of starting the air subsystem;
when the error between the actual opening of the back pressure valve and the target opening quality inspection is not smaller than the preset error, sending a reference opening instruction of the back pressure valve to perform multi-stage ice breaking operation on the back pressure valve, and repeatedly executing the step of sending the target opening instruction of the back pressure valve until the preset times are repeated;
and when the error between the actual opening degree of the back pressure valve and the target opening degree at the end is not smaller than the preset error, determining that the ice breaking of the back pressure valve fails, so that the cold start of the target battery system fails.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein during the self-heating, the method further comprises:
determining whether the target battery system meets at least one of the following conditions to determine whether the cold start of the target battery system fails;
whether the temperature of the discharged cooling liquid is higher than a third preset temperature or not;
the minimum value of the voltage of the electric pile single chip in the target battery system is larger than a preset first voltage;
and the average voltage value of the electric pile single chip in the target battery system is greater than a preset second voltage.
8. A cold start control apparatus for a fuel cell dual system including a first fuel cell system and a second fuel cell system, the apparatus comprising: a processing module and a start module, wherein:
the processing module is used for sequentially judging preset cold start conditions of all subsystems in the fuel cell dual system when the coolant stack outlet temperature of a target cell system is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, wherein the target cell system is the first fuel cell system and/or the second fuel cell system;
and the starting module is used for starting the fuel cell stack in the target cell system to carry out self-heating when each subsystem meets the preset cold starting condition so as to shorten the cold starting time.
9. A terminal device, characterized in that the terminal device comprises: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a bus; the processor, the memory and the communication interface are connected through the bus and complete mutual communication; the memory stores executable program code; the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code stored in the memory for executing the cold start control method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 above.
10. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by storing a program that executes a cold start control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the program is run on a terminal device.
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| CN116238391A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-06-09 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Control method and device for fuel cell |
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