CN114784312A - Flow uniformity bipolar plate for fuel cell - Google Patents
Flow uniformity bipolar plate for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114784312A CN114784312A CN202210416441.4A CN202210416441A CN114784312A CN 114784312 A CN114784312 A CN 114784312A CN 202210416441 A CN202210416441 A CN 202210416441A CN 114784312 A CN114784312 A CN 114784312A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bipolar plate
- flow channel
- cooling liquid
- fuel cell
- hydrogen
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flow-uniform bipolar plate for a fuel cell, which is attached to a membrane electrode for installation, wherein a hydrogen flow channel and an air flow channel are respectively formed between the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode after the bipolar plate is installed, and a cooling liquid flow channel is arranged in the middle of the bipolar plate; the cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel in the middle of the bipolar plate, the hydrogen flow channel and the air flow channel formed by the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode gradually increase from the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile to the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile. The invention balances the flow and pressure of a plurality of bipolar plate runners by adopting the bipolar plates with different runner sectional areas, reduces the pressure requirement on an inlet and improves the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell.
Background
At present, with the wide application of electric motor cars, various battery technologies have been widely developed, which brings about the innovation of battery technologies, fuel cells have been widely used because they can directly convert chemical energy into electric energy, but after a large amount of use, when the fuel cells use bipolar plates of the same specification, the flow distribution of the fuel cells' hydrogen, air and coolant inlet near bipolar plates is uneven, so that the fuel cells have a large demand for inlet pressure, and because the demand for inlet pressure of the fuel cells is large, when the inlet pressure is insufficient, the coolant is easy to flow unevenly or the flow rate is slow, the cooling demand cannot be met, and further the performance and the service life of the fuel cells are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide a bipolar plate with uniform flow rate for a fuel cell, which overcomes the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell is provided, the bipolar plate is attached to a membrane electrode for installation, a hydrogen flow channel and an air flow channel are respectively formed between the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode after installation, and a cooling liquid flow channel is arranged in the middle of the bipolar plate;
the cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel in the middle of the bipolar plate, the hydrogen flow channel and the air flow channel formed by the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode gradually increase from the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile to the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile.
Preferably, the hydrogen flow channel is disposed on the left side of the bipolar plate.
Preferably, the air flow channel is disposed on the right side of the bipolar plate.
Preferably, the edge-positioned bipolar plates and the fuel cell housing wall form an oxygen flow channel and an air flow channel.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
after the flow uniformity bipolar plate for the fuel cell is adopted, bipolar plates with different flow passage sectional areas are adopted, bipolar plates with smaller flow passage sectional areas are selected at inlets of hydrogen, air and cooling liquid of the fuel cell, and bipolar plates with larger flow passage sectional areas are selected at positions far away from the inlets of the hydrogen, the air and the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, so that the flow and the pressure of a plurality of bipolar plate flow passages are balanced, the pressure requirement on the inlets is reduced, and the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembled system of a flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of one dimension of an embodiment of a flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to the present invention in one dimension.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a flow uniformity of a bipolar plate according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell, the bipolar plate being attached to a membrane electrode, the bipolar plate having a hydrogen flow channel and an air flow channel formed between both sides thereof and the membrane electrode after the bipolar plate is mounted, the bipolar plate having a coolant flow channel in the middle thereof, referring to fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the bipolar plate has a hollow middle, i.e., the coolant flow channel is a complete cavity, and has no partition plate in the middle thereof, referring to fig. 3, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the bipolar plate has a plurality of channels in the middle thereof, i.e., the coolant flow channel is a plurality of uniformly arranged flow channels;
the cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel in the middle of the bipolar plate, the hydrogen flow channel and the air flow channel formed by the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode gradually increase from the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile to the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile.
In specific implementation, the hydrogen flow channel is arranged on the left side of the bipolar plate.
In a specific implementation, the air flow channels are disposed on the right side of the bipolar plate.
In specific implementation, the bipolar plate at the edge and the wall of the fuel cell shell form an oxygen flow channel and an air flow channel.
Referring to fig. 4, it is a calculation process of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel when the bipolar plate of the present invention is installed at different positions (taking the coolant flow channel as an example):
step 1: extracting the volume of a cooling liquid cavity (including the volume of the cooling liquid cavity in the fuel cell stack) between an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold of the fuel cell stack, defining the properties (density, specific heat capacity, heat conductivity, dynamic viscosity and the like) of the cooling liquid, and defining the boundary (an inlet: a velocity boundary or a mass flow boundary; an outlet: a pressure boundary; and the rest boundaries: wall boundaries);
step 2: calculating the inlet speed i or the mass flow j of the manifold cooling liquid under the working condition W, and defining the inlet speed i or the mass flow j of the cooling liquid to start simulation;
and 3, step 3: according to the speed or mass flow deviation of cooling liquid between different bipolar plates, if the speed deviation is less than 0.01m/s or the mass flow deviation is less than 0.01g/s, the sectional area of a cooling liquid channel of the bipolar plate at the time of a cooling liquid inlet speed i or mass flow j is recorded, meanwhile, the speed or mass flow deviation of the cooling liquid at the time of a manifold cooling liquid inlet speed i +1 or mass flow j +1 under the working condition W +1 is checked, and if the speed deviation is more than 0.01m/s or the mass flow deviation is more than 0.01g/s, the sectional area (caliber) of the cooling liquid channel of the corresponding bipolar plate is increased;
and 4, step 4: sequentially repeating the step 3 when the cooling liquid speed or the mass flow deviation occurs at the manifold cooling liquid inlet speed i + n (n is 0 to the maximum flow speed required by the cooling liquid) or the mass flow j + n (n is 0 to the maximum flow speed required by the cooling liquid) under the working condition W + n (n is 0 to all the working condition quantities required by the cooling liquid), and checking the cooling liquid speed deviation and the mass flow deviation;
and 5: comprehensively balancing the flow uniformity under different working conditions to obtain the sectional area value of the cooling liquid flow channel of the bipolar plate with the flow uniformity.
The flow uniformity bipolar plate for the fuel cell is characterized in that bipolar plates with different flow passage sectional areas are adopted, bipolar plates with smaller flow passage sectional areas are selected at inlets of hydrogen, air and cooling liquid of the fuel cell, and bipolar plates with larger flow passage sectional areas are selected at positions far away from the inlets of the hydrogen, the air and the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, so that the flow and the pressure of a plurality of bipolar plate flow passages are balanced, the pressure requirement on the inlets is reduced, and the performance and the reliability of the fuel cell are improved.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. A flow uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell, comprising: the bipolar plate is attached to a membrane electrode for installation, a hydrogen flow channel and an air flow channel are respectively formed between the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode after the bipolar plate is installed, and a cooling liquid flow channel is arranged in the middle of the bipolar plate;
the cross section of the cooling liquid flow channel in the middle of the bipolar plate, the hydrogen flow channel and the air flow channel formed by the two sides of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode gradually increase from the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile to the distance from the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid inlet ends of the galvanic pile.
2. A flow-uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen flow channel is arranged on the left side of the bipolar plate.
3. A flow-uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the air flow channel is disposed on the right side of the bipolar plate.
4. A flow-uniformity bipolar plate for a fuel cell as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the bipolar plates at the edges and the fuel cell shell form an oxygen flow channel and an air flow channel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210416441.4A CN114784312A (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Flow uniformity bipolar plate for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210416441.4A CN114784312A (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Flow uniformity bipolar plate for fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114784312A true CN114784312A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210416441.4A Pending CN114784312A (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2022-04-20 | Flow uniformity bipolar plate for fuel cell |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114784312A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117577871A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate structure of high-performance fuel cell and high-performance fuel cell |
| CN117727991A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Novel galvanic pile structure |
| GB2628145A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2024-09-18 | Zeroavia Ltd | Bidirectional (staggered) bipolar plate pattern for fuel cell cooling |
-
2022
- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210416441.4A patent/CN114784312A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2628145A (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2024-09-18 | Zeroavia Ltd | Bidirectional (staggered) bipolar plate pattern for fuel cell cooling |
| CN117577871A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Bipolar plate structure of high-performance fuel cell and high-performance fuel cell |
| CN117727991A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-03-19 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Novel galvanic pile structure |
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