CN114777584A

CN114777584A - Triggering fuse high-sensitivity impact fire cap containing heterogeneous sensitizer

Info

Publication number: CN114777584A
Application number: CN202210142259.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王雨时; 金炜杰; 闻泉
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-02-16
Filing date: 2022-02-16
Publication date: 2022-07-22

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-sensitivity percussion cap of a trigger detonator containing a heterogeneous sensitizer, which belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive devices, wherein on the basis of the structural composition of a traditional percussion cap, namely a tube shell, a primer and a cover plate, low-density micro-diameter hard solid particles, such as solid or hollow micro-diameter glass beads or low-density ceramic balls with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm, are added as the heterogeneous sensitizer, the heterogeneous sensitizer is filled in the middle of the traditional primer, the thickness of a flat laying layer is about 1 mm, or 20% of the heterogeneous sensitizer in mass is uniformly mixed into the traditional primer, so that the percussion sensitivity of the percussion cap in a detonator percussion mechanism is improved, the high triggering sensitivity and the ignition correctness of the detonator are ensured, and the low-speed bullet detonator ignition rate is reduced.

Description

Triggering fuse high-sensitivity impact fire cap containing heterogeneous sensitizer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive devices, and particularly relates to a high-sensitivity percussion cap of a trigger fuse containing a heterogeneous sensitizer.

Background

The collision firing is a fuse firing mechanism with the simplest structure and principle, and occupies small volume.

The bumping ignition mechanism does not need a firing pin or a safety mechanism, so that the possibility of misfire caused by non-safety of the safety mechanism is avoided, and the misfire caused by explosive treatment after the misfire can not be easily caused, and the explosive treatment has intrinsic safety characteristics.

In the fuse impact firing mechanism represented by a small-caliber shell warhead trigger fuse, a needle-punched fire cap or a needle-punched detonator is applied as an impact fire cap or an impact detonator without exception in the past half century, and no special impact fire cap or impact detonator is available. However, these needle-pricked fire caps and needle-pricked detonators can only ensure the ignition accuracy of the fuze when the supersonic speed of the projectile hits the target, and have obviously insufficient ignition sensitivity when the tail section of the trajectory of the supersonic speed projectile is in a subsonic state or applied to the fuze of the subsonic projectile. For example, the triggering sensitivity of aircraft gun fuzes and artillery fuzes and their percussion firing mechanisms to airborne balloon targets is difficult to meet.

In order to improve the sensitivity of detonation, a small amount of hollow glass beads containing hydrogen are added to the emulsion explosive for civil blasting.

The industries of explosives and powders filled with the explosives have the following consensus: the explosives and charges thereof are mixed with hard impurities (foreign matters), so that accidental ignition and explosion are easy to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides a high sensitivity percussion cap for a trigger detonator containing a hetero-sensitizer to realize high sensitivity of the percussion cap for the detonator, ensure sensitivity and ignition accuracy when the detonator of a subsonic projectile is triggered, and further reduce misfire rate of the detonator of a low-speed projectile.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a high-sensitivity percussion cap for trigger fuse contains heterogeneous sensitizing agent, which is composed of tube shell, primer mixture, heterogeneous sensitizing agent and cover plate, all of which are existing ones, and the density of heterogeneous sensitizing agent is lower than 4 g/cm³The micro-diameter hard solid particles, such as solid micro-diameter glass beads, hollow micro-diameter glass beads or silicon nitride ceramic balls with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm, are filled in the primer, the thickness of the primer is about 1 mm, or the primer is uniformly mixed in the primer according to the mass percentage of about 20 percent, so as to improve the fire sensitivity of the fire cap in the case of impact. The primer mix comprises upper primer mix, lower primer mix, and upper primer mix, heterogeneous sensitizer, lower primer mix, and cover plate arranged in the tube shell from top to bottom, wherein the output end of the tube shell is pressed by the cover plateAfter the fire cap is closed, the tube shell is impacted, the heterogeneous sensitizer extrudes and rubs the primer inside the tube shell to ignite the fire cap.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: the existing size is not increased, only the charging structure is changed, the impact firing sensitivity of the fire cap can be obviously improved, the trigger sensitivity and reliability of the impact firing mechanism are improved, and the impact firing mechanism is popularized and applied to subsonic ammunition fuses.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a high sensitivity percussion cap for a trigger fuse containing a heterosensitizer.

FIGS. 2 to 5 show different preferred embodiments of loading forms of the sensitizer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "secured" may be fixedly connected, releasably connected, or integral; "connected" may be mechanically or electrically connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the scope of the claimed invention.

The following further introduces specific embodiments, technical difficulties and inventions of the present invention with reference to the design examples.

As shown in fig. 1, a high-sensitivity percussion cap of a trigger fuse containing a heterogeneous sensitizer comprises a tube shell 1, a primer 2, a heterogeneous sensitizer 3 and a cover plate 4; wherein the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 is filled in the middle of the primer mixture 2 and is about 1 mm thick, or is uniformly mixed into the primer mixture 2 according to the mass percentage of about 20 percent; the material of the hetero-sensitizer 3 is the material with the density lower than 4 g/cm³The micro-diameter hard solid particles of (2) are solid micro-diameter glass beads, hollow micro-diameter glass beads or silicon nitride ceramic balls with a diameter of 0.5 mm or less, while the components and the mixture ratio of the primer mixture 2 are not changed.

When the traditional percussion cap is applied to a fuze, a target directly or through a cover foil at the head of the fuze strikes an input end of the percussion cap to deform the charge of the primer in the percussion cap when striking the target, and mutual friction and extrusion are generated among primer crystals, between the primer and a tube shell, between the primer and the cover foil, and between the primer and a target sheet, so as to ignite. According to the invention, the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 is added in the traditional percussion cap, so that severe friction and extrusion can be generated between the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 and the primer 2, the primer 2 is easier to ignite, and the percussion ignition sensitivity is improved.

The fuse can ensure the ignition correctness under the impact of different conditions, so the filling form of the sensitizer can be changed according to the predicted impact conditions.

As shown in figures 2 and 3, the filling structure of the sensitizer when the head of the fire cap is impacted with a target comprises a tube shell 1, a primer 2, a hetero-sensitizer 3 and a cover plate 4, wherein the hetero-sensitizer 3 is paved to be about 1 mm thick and thickened at the center and the outer side respectively, the mass proportion of the hetero-sensitizer 3 is ensured to be about 20%, and the material is still adopted with the density lower than 4 g/cm³The fine-diameter hard solid particles of (2). When the head part is impacted with a target, the pipe shell is mainly axially deformed, so that the thickening sensitizer is selected, and the full friction of the primer mixture 2 and the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 in the axial direction is ensured.

As shown in figures 4 and 5, the structure is a sensitizer filling structure when the fire cap is impacted with a target in the lateral direction and also comprises a tube shell 1, a primer 2, a hetero-sensitizer 3 and a cover plate 4, wherein the density of the material of the hetero-sensitizer 3 is still lower than 4 g/cm³The fine-diameter hard solid particles of (2). When the fire cap laterally collides with a target, the tube shell mainly deforms in the radial direction, so that the length of the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 in the axial direction is selectively increased but not more than half of the thickness of the primer mixture 2, the thickness of a tiled layer is properly reduced to about 0.5 mm, the contact area between the primer mixture 2 and the heterogeneous sensitizer in the radial direction is increased under the condition that the mass ratio is not changed, and the sufficient friction between the primer mixture 2 and the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 in the radial direction is ensured.

During assembly, a part of the primer mixture 2 is first loaded into the tube case 1, pre-compacted, and then loaded with the hetero-sensitizer 3, generally in the form of a flat plate as shown in fig. 1, and then loaded with another part of the primer mixture 2, compacted and then fixed by the cover plate 4.

Because the output power margin of the fire cap is usually very large, the reliable input of the subsequent explosive element is not influenced even if the hetero-sensitizer 3 is added in the primer under the condition of unchanged external dimension.

Since the density of the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 is close to that of the primer 2, the structural damage and stability reduction of the impact fire cap added with the heterogeneous sensitizer 3 can not be caused even in a high-impact overload launching environment on the premise of cavity constraint when the fuse is used. In fact, because the fire cap is a sensitive explosion element and is not used in a straight-line state in the fuse, and an explosion-proof mechanism is arranged behind the fire cap, the potential hazard of accidental ignition caused by adding the hetero-sensitizer 3 is eliminated by a fuse system through system design when the fire cap is applied to the fuse.

The difficulty of the invention lies in that the inventor needs to be familiar with the requirements of high triggering sensitivity of fuse explosive treatment and predetermined action, the current situation of impact sensitivity of an impact fire cap, and a fire explosive heterogeneous sensitization approach and principle.

The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The equivalent structures or equivalent processes of the present invention, which can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are all included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high sensitivity of trigger fuse strikes fire cap that contains heterogeneous sensitizer which characterized in that: the device comprises a tube shell (1), a primer mixture (2), a heterogeneous sensitizer (3) and a cover plate (4), wherein the tube shell (1) is cylindrical, the top end is closed, and the bottom end is open; the primer mix (2) comprises an upper primer mix and a lower primer mix, the upper primer mix, the heterogeneous sensitizer (3), the lower primer mix and the cover plate (4) are arranged in the tube shell (1) from top to bottom, the output end of the tube shell (1) is closed after the cover plate (4) is pressed, and after the tube shell (1) is knocked, the heterogeneous sensitizer (3) extrudes and rubs the primer mix (2) in the tube shell (1) to ignite the fire cap.

2. The high sensitivity percussion cap of a triggering fuse containing a radiosensitizer according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the flat laying of the heterogeneous sensitizer (3) is less than 1 mm, and the maximum thickness of other filling forms cannot exceed half of the thickness of the primer.

3. The high sensitivity percussion cap of a triggering fuse containing a radiosensitizer according to claim 1, wherein: the heterogeneous sensitizer (3) is uniformly mixed with the primer (2) according to the mass percentage of 20%.

4. The high sensitivity percussion cap of a triggering fuse containing a radiosensitizer according to claim 1, wherein: the density of the heterogeneous sensitizer (3) is lower than 4 g/cm³The fine-diameter hard solid particles of (2).

5. The high sensitivity percussion cap of the triggering fuse containing the hetero-sensitizer according to claim 4, wherein: the heterogeneous sensitizer of the micro-diameter hard solid particles is a sphere with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm.

6. The high sensitivity percussion cap of the triggering fuse containing the hetero-sensitizer according to claim 5, wherein: the sphere with the diameter of less than 0.5 mm is solid glass bead, hollow glass bead or silicon nitride ceramic ball.