CN114775712A

CN114775712A - Digging machine

Info

Publication number: CN114775712A
Application number: CN202210402048.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何旺; 刘剑; 姜旭东; 宾旭洲; 雷念; 李培; 李健; 武栋才; 黄汉绵
Original assignee: Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd; Liugong Changzhou Machinery Co Ltd; Liuzhou Liugong Excavators Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co Ltd; Liugong Changzhou Machinery Co Ltd; Liuzhou Liugong Excavators Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-18
Filing date: 2022-04-18
Publication date: 2022-07-22

Abstract

The invention relates to an excavator, and aims to solve the problems of complex operation and high use cost of the existing excavator working device during weight and light weight conversion; the excavator is characterized by comprising a transfer device, wherein a second containing cavity for containing the fluid filler is arranged on the host machine, and the transfer device is connected with the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity and is used for conveying and transferring the fluid filler between the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity. In the invention, when the working device of the excavator is converted between the weight reduction and the light weight, an external container is not required to be equipped for containing the fluid filler, and the fluid filler is carried along with the excavator, so the operation is convenient, and the use cost is low.

Description

Digging machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to an engineering machine, in particular to an excavator.

Background

The excavator is used as the king of engineering machinery, realizes various functions such as digging, loading and unloading, leveling, scraping, crushing, hoisting, towing and the like by replacing accessories with corresponding functions, and is widely applied.

The working device of the excavator comprises a movable arm, an arm and an attachment mounted on the arm, wherein the movable arm and the arm are generally box-shaped structures with cavities. When the excavator performs different functional operations, the weight of the working device has different influences on the operation efficiency, for example, when the accessory is a breaking hammer, the working device is expected to be as heavy as possible so as to press the reaction force of the breaking hammer, avoid the jump of the breaking hammer from being transmitted to the whole excavator, enable the whole excavator to vibrate greatly, greatly shorten the service life of a structural member and reduce the comfort level of an operator; however, when the attachment is a bucket and the excavator performs excavation and loading work, it is desirable that the weight of the working device be reduced as much as possible to increase the efficiency of the whole machine and reduce fuel consumption. Therefore, the work implement of the excavator has a contradiction between weight and lightness when facing different work functions.

In order to solve the contradiction between light weight and heavy weight of the working device, the technical measures adopted in the prior art are that an object is filled in a bucket rod or a movable arm cavity of the working device to increase the weight when the weight of the working device is required to be large, and correspondingly, the filler in the movable arm bucket rod is taken out when the weight of the working device is required to be light. Although the measure solves the conversion between the weight quantification and the light weight of the working device, a new problem is generated. In the work site operation of the excavator, the work equipment may need to be frequently switched between weight reduction and weight reduction, and the work site may need to be equipped with a storage container for storing the filler discharged from the boom/arm when the work equipment is switched from weight reduction to weight reduction, and a filling device for filling the filler into the boom/arm when the work equipment is switched from weight reduction to weight reduction. The equipment of the counterweight materials, the storage container, the filling equipment and the like on the construction site increases the operation cost, and the operation is complicated when the weight is converted into the light weight.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an excavator, which aims to solve the technical problems of complex operation and high use cost of the existing excavator working device during weight and light weight conversion.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the excavator is characterized by comprising a transfer device, wherein a second containing cavity for containing the fluid filler is arranged on the host machine, and the transfer device is connected with the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity and is used for conveying and transferring the fluid filler between the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity. In the invention, the second containing cavity is arranged on the main machine, and when the working device is required to work in a weight state, the transfer device transfers the fluid filler in the second containing cavity into the movable arm and/or the bucket rod so as to increase the weight of the working device; when the working device is required to be in a light weight state, the fluid filler in the first cavity is transferred into the second cavity through the transfer device, and the weight of the working device is reduced. In the invention, when the working device of the excavator is converted between weight and light weight, an external container is not required to be equipped for containing the fluid filler, and the fluid filler is carried along with the excavator, so that the operation is convenient, and the use cost is low.

In the excavator, the main machine comprises a lower body and an upper body rotatably mounted on the lower body, the working device is mounted on the upper body, and the second cavity is arranged on the lower body. Further, the lower vehicle body is a crawler-type traveling vehicle body or a wheel-type traveling vehicle body.

In the excavator, the transfer device comprises a delivery pump, a delivery pipeline for communicating the delivery pump with the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity, and a control device for controlling the delivery pump. Furthermore, the conveying pipeline between the conveying pump and the first cavity comprises a conveying feeding pipe and a conveying discharging pipe, the conveying feeding pipe is connected to the top of the first cavity, and the conveying discharging pipe is connected to the bottom of the first cavity.

In the excavator, the top parts of the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity are provided with breathing holes communicated with the outside, and when fluid filler enters and exits the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, external air enters the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity through the breathing holes, so that the internal air pressure and the external air pressure are kept balanced.

In the excavator, the transfer device further comprises a return pipe communicating the tops of the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, the flow filler enters the first accommodating cavity from the second accommodating cavity through the conveying pipe, and when the first accommodating cavity is full of the flow filler, the overflowed flow filler can flow back to the second accommodating cavity through the return pipe, so that environmental pollution and loss of the flow filler caused by overflow of the flow filler are avoided.

In the excavator, the fluid filler is a fluid substance which cannot be condensed into a solid state and can flow in the pipeline under the action of the delivery pump. The fluid filler can be homogeneous fluid, which is fluid with uniform density, the homogeneous fluid can be certain liquid, such as grease with larger density, or fluid formed by mixing two or more solids and liquids completely.

In the excavator, the fluid filler may be composed of a liquid and solid particles insoluble in the liquid, and the liquid is used as a carrier of the solid particles and drives the solid particles to flow under the driving of the delivery pump. Furthermore, the excavator still includes the fluid replacement pump, the fluid replacement pump pass through the pipeline with first appearance chamber top and second hold the chamber intercommunication, be used for to first appearance chamber is carried liquid, the top that first appearance chamber and second held the chamber all is provided with the prevention solid particle flows in the filter equipment of back flow, filter equipment can the filter screen, perhaps solid-liquid spiral separation mechanism etc. and liquid drives solid particle and passes through the pipeline and flow to first appearance chamber back from the second appearance chamber, and liquid flows back to the second from the back flow and holds the chamber.

In the excavator, the sum of the volumes of the fluid fillers in the first cavity and the second cavity is smaller than the volume of the first cavity, so that the problem of overflow caused by excessive fluid fillers in the first cavity is avoided.

Compared with the prior art, when the working device of the excavator is converted between weight and weight reduction, an external container is not required to be equipped for containing the fluid filler, and the fluid filler is carried along with the excavator, so that the excavator is convenient to operate and low in use cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram illustrating a principle of transferring a fluid packing in an excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the second principle of transferring the fluid packing in the excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a third schematic view showing the principle of transferring the fluid-filled material in the excavator according to the present invention.

Part names and serial numbers in the figure:

the device comprises a main machine 10, a rotary platform 11, a second cavity 12, a crawler beam 13, a first cavity 14, a movable arm 15, a bucket rod 16, a breaking hammer 17, a delivery pump 18, a controller 19, an instrument 20, a breathing hole 21, a delivery pipeline 27, a delivery discharge pipe 22, a delivery feed pipe 23, a return pipe 24, a liquid replenishing pump 25 and a bucket 26.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the excavator in the present embodiment is a crawler type excavator, which includes a lower body 10 including an undercarriage, a track beam 13 welded to both sides of the undercarriage, a traveling motor mounted on the track beam, a guide wheel, a track, and the like; the upper body includes a revolving platform 11, and working devices, a cab, a power system (not shown in the figure), and the like mounted on the revolving platform. The rotary platform 11 is mounted on the undercarriage by means of a rotary bearing.

The working device comprises a movable arm 15, an arm 16 and an attachment, wherein the movable arm 15 is hinged with the rotary platform 11, the upper end of the arm 16 is hinged with the upper end of the movable arm 15, and the attachment is arranged at the lower end of the arm. The attachments may be replaceable according to work function requirements, such as bucket 26 or demolition hammer 17.

The boom 15 and stick 16 are each of a box-type construction having a closed chamber therein which serves as the first chamber 14 for containing the fluid charge. The undercarriage and track beam are also typically box-like structures, the inner cavity of which may be provided as a second chamber 12 for containing a fluid filling. When the lower vehicle body of the excavator is a wheel type walking vehicle body, namely the excavator is a wheel type excavator, a box body capable of containing fluid filling materials is arranged on the lower vehicle body to form a second containing cavity.

Second volume 12 is greater than first volume 14 and the sum of the volumes of the fluid fillings in first volume 14 and second volume 12 is less than the volume of the second volume. The fluid filling is transferred between first volume 14 and second volume 12 by transfer means.

The transfer device comprises a transfer pump 18, a transfer line 22 connecting the transfer pump to the first and second chambers, and a control device for controlling the transfer pump, the control device comprising a controller 19 for controlling the transfer pump and a meter for operating and connecting to the controller.

The fluid filler may be a homogeneous fluid, which may be a liquid, such as a grease or a solution with a high density, or a fluid formed by mixing two or more solids and liquids completely.

In order to enable the air pressure in the cavity to be communicated with the outside when the fluid filler enters the first cavity, breathing holes are formed in the tops of the boom and the arm, so that air in the boom and the first cavity in the boom can enter and exit. Similarly, the top of the cavity forming the second containing cavity on the host is also provided with a breathing hole.

In the above embodiment, when the accessory is the breaking hammer 17 and the working device needs to be in a weight state, an operator starts the delivery pump 18 through the meter, the delivery pump 18 delivers the fluid filler in the second chamber 12 into the first chamber 14 through the delivery pipeline 27, and the weights of the movable arm 15 and the arm 16 are increased, so that the weight of the movable arm 15, the arm 16 and the fluid filler in the first chamber is utilized to press the breaking hammer 17 during working, thereby improving the working efficiency and reducing the upward recoil amplitude of the breaking hammer. When the accessory is a bucket 26, an operator operates the meter to start the delivery pump, and the delivery pump 18 delivers the fluid filling in the first cavity 14 to the second cavity 12 through the delivery pipeline 27, so that the net weight of the working device is reduced, and the oil consumption during the excavation operation is reduced.

When the fluid filling is a homogeneous fluid, the transfer line 27 between the transfer pump 18 and the first chamber 14 may be provided with only one transfer line for both the input and output of the fluid filling to and from the first chamber, as shown in fig. 1. In this tubing arrangement, the resistance to delivery of the fluid filling into the first chamber increases as the fluid filling increases in the first chamber 14. In order to avoid the situation of increased conveying resistance, a pipe distribution mode can be adopted as shown in fig. 2, a conveying pipeline 27 between the conveying pump 18 and the first cavity 14 is provided as a conveying feeding pipe 23 and a conveying discharging pipe 22, the conveying feeding pipe 23 is connected to the top of the first cavity 14, and the conveying discharging pipe 22 is connected to the bottom of the first cavity 14; when feeding the fluid charge into first volume 14, the fluid charge enters the first volume from the top of first volume 14 through feed line 23; when transferring the fluid filling in the first chamber 14 to the second chamber 12, the fluid filling flows out of the bottom of the first chamber through the transfer outlet 22. The transfer pump is a forward and reverse rotation two-way working pump, and can transfer the fluid filler from the second containing cavity to the first containing cavity and also transfer the fluid filler from the first containing cavity to the second containing cavity. When the delivery pumps are one-way pumps, two delivery pumps need to be arranged and are correspondingly connected with the delivery discharging pipe 22 and the delivery feeding pipe 23.

In the present invention, a return tube 24 may be further provided between the first and second chambers, the return tube 24 replacing the breathing orifice 21. The two ends of the return pipe 24 are connected to the top of the first receiving chamber 14 and the second receiving chamber 12, respectively, as shown in fig. 2, when the fluid filler is filled in the first receiving chamber through the delivery pipe, the excessive overflowing fluid filler flows back to the second receiving chamber through the return pipe, so as to avoid environmental pollution and material loss of the fluid filler caused by the overflow of the fluid filler to the outside of the machine.

The fluid filling may also be composed of liquid and solid particles that are insoluble in the liquid, for example, the solid particles may be steel balls, or other particles with a relatively high density, and the liquid serves as a carrier of the solid particles and drives the solid particles to flow under the driving of the delivery pump. The solid particles and the liquid enter the first chamber under the action of the delivery pump, the solid particles are deposited at the bottom of the first chamber 14 by gravity, and the liquid is at the top. When the first volume 14 is filled with liquid, the liquid then flows back to the second volume 12 through the return conduit 24. The first and

second cavities

14 and 12 are each provided with a filter device (not shown in the figure) for preventing solid particles from flowing into the return pipe, the filter device may be a filter screen or a solid-liquid spiral separation mechanism, and after the liquid drives the solid particles to flow from the second cavity to the first cavity through the delivery pipe, the liquid flows back to the second cavity through the return pipe. In order to replenish the amount of liquid in the first volume when the fluid filling is transferred from the first volume 14 to the second volume 12, a replenishment pump 25 is also provided, as shown in fig. 3. The fluid infusion pump 25 is connected to the first and

second volumes

14 and 12 via a return line 24, and when the fluid filler flows from the first volume 14 to the second volume 12 via the transfer pump, the fluid infusion pump 25 draws the liquid in the fluid filler from the second volume and transfers the liquid to the first volume to replenish the liquid in the first volume, so that the solid particles in the first volume have enough liquid to be brought back to the second volume. When the fluid filler is transferred from the second containing cavity to the first containing cavity through the transfer pump, liquid in the fluid filler in the first containing cavity can reversely flow to the second containing cavity through the return pipe and the liquid replenishing pump, and the liquid replenishing pump can be opened or closed at the moment.

Claims

1. The excavator is characterized by comprising a transfer device, wherein a second containing cavity for containing the fluid filler is arranged on the host machine, and the transfer device is connected with the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity and is used for conveying and transferring the fluid filler between the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity.

2. The excavator of claim 1 wherein the main body includes a lower body and an upper body pivotally mounted to the lower body, the working device being mounted to the upper body, the second receptacle being provided in the lower body.

3. The excavator of claim 2 wherein the lower body is a crawler-type traveling body or a wheeled traveling body.

4. The excavating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein said transfer means includes a transfer pump, a transfer line communicating the transfer pump with the first and second volumes, and control means for controlling the transfer pump.

5. The excavating machine of claim 4 wherein said transfer piping between said transfer pump and said first vessel includes a transfer feed pipe and a transfer discharge pipe, said transfer feed pipe being connected to the top of said first vessel and said transfer discharge pipe being connected to the bottom of said first vessel.

6. The excavator of claim 5 wherein the top parts of the first and second cavities are provided with breathing holes communicated with the outside.

7. The excavating machine according to claim 5 wherein said transfer device further includes a return conduit communicating the tops of said first and second cavities.

8. The excavating machine according to any one of claims 5 to 7 wherein the fluid filling is a homogeneous fluid.

9. The excavating machine according to claim 7, characterized in that said fluid filling consists of a liquid and solid particles insoluble in said liquid.

10. The excavation machine of claim 9, further comprising a make-up pump in communication with the top of the first cavity and the second cavity via a conduit for delivering the liquid to the first cavity.

11. Excavator according to claim 9 or 10, wherein said first and second receiving chambers are provided with filter means for preventing said solid particles from flowing into said return conduit.

12. The excavating machine according to claim 5 wherein the sum of the volumes of the fluid filling in said first and second cavities is less than the volume of the first cavity.