CN114775681B - Retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags and application method thereof - Google Patents
Retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114775681B CN114775681B CN202210396892.6A CN202210396892A CN114775681B CN 114775681 B CN114775681 B CN 114775681B CN 202210396892 A CN202210396892 A CN 202210396892A CN 114775681 B CN114775681 B CN 114775681B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 323
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
- B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/08—Investigation of foundation soil in situ after finishing the foundation structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/08—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against transmission of vibrations or movements in the foundation soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
- E02D2200/14—Geometrical or physical properties resilient or elastic
- E02D2200/146—Springs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/10—Miscellaneous comprising sensor means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
Abstract
The invention relates to a retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering retaining wall anti-seismic. The retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags comprises a retaining wall body, a water storage tank, a filtering and water absorbing mechanism, a water injection mechanism and an anti-seismic mechanism, wherein the water storage tank is arranged at the upper end of the retaining wall body; the filtering and water-absorbing mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe, a water pump, a spring piston, a hose with holes and an anchor plate; the anti-seismic mechanism comprises a layered water bag, an interlayer anti-seismic spring and an anti-seismic plate; the water injection mechanism comprises a water injection pipe, a booster pump and a valve. According to the invention, during an earthquake, the pressure sensors in the sensor group can acquire the soil pressure of surrounding soil in real time, water can be timely injected into the interlayer water bags and the layered water bags through the water injection pipes, vibration is effectively relieved through the interlayer water bags, the layered water bags and the interlayer anti-seismic springs, the pressure of the soil on the retaining wall body is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the anti-seismic plate can also effectively absorb part of the soil pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering retaining wall anti-seismic.
Background
The retaining wall is a structure for supporting the soil of the roadbed or the hillside soil and preventing the deformation and instability of the soil or the soil. The highway retaining wall is a structure for supporting roadbed filling or hillside soil mass and preventing deformation and instability of the filling or soil mass. In roadbed engineering, the retaining wall can be used for stabilizing embankments and cutting slopes, reducing the engineering quantity and occupied area of earth and stone, preventing water flow from flushing roadbed, and often being used for remedying roadbed diseases such as slump and landslide.
The retaining wall can be divided into a gravity retaining wall, a cantilever retaining wall, a buttress retaining wall, a sheet pile retaining wall, a reinforced earth retaining wall, an anchor rod retaining wall and a soil nail retaining wall according to different performances. The application range of various retaining walls depends on the factors such as wall site topography, engineering geology, hydrogeology, building materials, wall application, construction method, technical and economic conditions, local economy and the like.
In the frequent earthquake zone close to sea, the control of the design of the retaining wall is particularly important. Under the action of earthquake load, the soil is easy to generate liquefaction phenomenon, so that the soil pressure of the soil body to the retaining wall is greatly improved, the retaining wall is easy to slide, incline, crack and even destroy, and larger economic loss and safety accidents are caused. The traditional retaining wall is not fully suitable for the earthquake-prone zone close to the sea, the research and practical application of the earthquake-resistant performance of the retaining wall are few at present, and the retaining wall which can be suitable for the earthquake-prone zone close to the sea is lacking.
Because the conventional retaining wall cannot meet the earthquake-resistant requirement of the seaside earthquake frequent zone, it is necessary to develop a retaining wall device for improving the earthquake-resistant performance of the retaining wall by utilizing the factors such as the liquefaction phenomenon of soil, the existing natural conditions and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags and an application method thereof.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags comprises a retaining wall body, a water storage tank, a filtering and water absorbing mechanism, a water injection mechanism and an anti-seismic mechanism, wherein the water storage tank is arranged at the upper end of the retaining wall body;
the filtering and water absorbing mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe, a water pump, a spring piston, a perforated hose and an anchor plate, wherein the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank, the water inlet pipe is vertically arranged in the retaining wall body, the upper end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the water pump, the lower end of the outer side of the retaining wall body is provided with a seawater interface, the lower end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the seawater interface through a horizontal pipeline, the spring piston comprises a spring part and a piston part, one end of the spring part, which is far away from the piston part, is fixedly connected with the seawater interface, the piston part is arranged in the horizontal pipeline in a sliding manner, the anchor plate is arranged in a hard rock stratum close to the inner side of the retaining wall body, one end of the perforated hose is fixedly connected with the anchor plate, the other end of the perforated hose is communicated with the water inlet pipe through a pipeline, and through holes are uniformly distributed in the perforated hose;
the anti-seismic mechanism comprises a layered water sac, an interlayer anti-seismic spring and an anti-seismic plate, the anti-seismic plate is movably connected with the inner side of the retaining wall body through the interlayer anti-seismic spring, the interlayer water sac is arranged between the retaining wall body and the anti-seismic plate, and the layered water sac is arranged on one side, far away from the interlayer water sac, of the anti-seismic plate;
the water injection mechanism comprises a water injection pipe, a booster pump and a valve, wherein the booster pump is arranged in the water storage tank, the water injection pipe comprises a retaining wall inner water injection pipe and an anti-seismic plate inner water injection pipe which are communicated with each other, the upper end of the retaining wall inner water injection pipe is communicated with the booster pump, the retaining wall inner water injection pipe is communicated with an interlayer water sac, the anti-seismic plate inner water injection pipe is communicated with the layered water sac, and the valve is arranged on the anti-seismic plate inner water injection pipe.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the seawater interface is provided with a first filter screen, and the inner wall of the hose with holes is provided with a second filter screen.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the sensor group is arranged close to the layered water bag and comprises a pore pressure sensor and a pressure sensor.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the layered water bag comprises an upper layered water bag, a middle layered water bag and a lower layered water bag which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the upper layer layering water bag, the middle layer layering water bag and the lower layer layering water bag are respectively communicated with an earthquake-resistant plate inner water injection pipe, the valve comprises an upper layer valve, a middle layer valve and a lower layer valve which are respectively arranged on the earthquake-resistant plate inner water injection pipe, and the sensor group comprises an upper layer sensor group, a middle layer sensor group and a lower layer sensor group which are respectively close to the upper layer layering water bag, the middle layer layering water bag and the lower layer layering water bag.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the interlayer water bag comprises an upper interlayer water bag and a lower interlayer water bag which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: the interlayer anti-seismic spring comprises an upper interlayer anti-seismic spring and a lower interlayer anti-seismic spring which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
The application method of the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags comprises the following steps:
step S1: measuring hyperstatic pore water pressure u and soil pressure sigma of soil around retaining wall body in real time through pore pressure sensors and pressure sensors in sensor group z ；
Step S2: when any one of the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group measures hyperstatic pore water pressure u and soil body pressure sigma z Starting a water suction pump when the calculated ultra-static pore water pressure ratio exceeds 0.8, wherein the water suction pump firstly pumps liquefied water from a soil body and stores the liquefied water in a water storage tank, the suction force in a water inlet pipe is increased along with the pumping of the liquefied water in the soil body, a piston part of a spring piston overcomes the elasticity of the spring part to slide rightwards under the suction force action, and when the piston part slides to a corner formed by a horizontal pipeline and the water inlet pipe, the water suction pump starts pumping seawater;
wherein the hyperstatic pore water pressure ratio:
σ′ z ＝σ z -u，σ′ z is effective stress;
after the water suction pump is started, any one of the following conditions is met, and the water suction pump is closed;
A. if the hyperstatic pore water pressure u and the soil pressure sigma measured by all the sensors in the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group z When the calculated hyperstatic pore water pressure ratio falls back to below 0.8, the water suction pump is turned off;
B. when the water storage tank is filled with water, the water suction pump is turned off;
step S3: when the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group z When the set threshold P1 is reached, the switch is turned onStarting a booster pump, and injecting water into the interlayer water bag through a water injection pipe in the retaining wall until the interlayer water bag is filled with water; wherein P1 is the design value N of the axial force of the retaining wall body u 70% of (2);
step S4: after the interlayer water bag is filled with water, if the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensors of all the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group is measured z When falling back below the threshold value P1, the booster pump is turned off;
if the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group z If the pressure does not fall back below the threshold value P1, the starting state of the booster pump is maintained;
step S5: when the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group z When the set threshold value P2 is reached, a corresponding valve is opened, and the booster pump injects water into the layered water bag with the soil pressure reaching the threshold value P2 through the water injection pipe in the anti-seismic plate; wherein P2 is the design value N of the axial force of the retaining wall body u 80% of (2);
step S6: after the valve is opened, if the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensors of all the upper layer sensor group, the middle layer sensor group and the lower layer sensor group is measured z And when the pressure falls below the threshold value P1, the booster pump is closed, and after the booster pump is closed for 5-10min, all the opened valves are closed.
The improvement of the technical scheme is as follows: in step S3 and step S5, the axial force design value
f: a compressive strength design value of the masonry;
a: cross-sectional area.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme adopted by the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags, when an earthquake happens, the pore pressure sensors in the sensor group can rapidly capture the change of pore water pressure of surrounding soil, water in liquefied soil can be timely sucked through the perforated hose and stored in the water storage tank, drainage and decompression of the surrounding soil are realized, and the anti-liquefaction capacity of the surrounding soil is enhanced;
(2) According to the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags, when an earthquake happens, the pressure sensors in the sensor groups can acquire the soil pressure of surrounding soil in real time, water can be timely injected into the interlayer water bags and the layered water bags through the water injection pipes, vibration is effectively relieved through the interlayer water bags, the layered water bags and the interlayer anti-seismic springs, the pressure of the soil on the retaining wall body is greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the anti-seismic plates can also effectively absorb part of the soil pressure;
(3) The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags can play a role similar to an anchor rod type retaining wall by utilizing the perforated hose and the anchor plate, resists lateral soil pressure by utilizing the pulling resistance generated by the anchor plate, and can relieve the damage of an earthquake to the joint of the anchor rod and the retaining wall by utilizing the perforated hose to replace the anchor rod;
(4) According to the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags, the layered water bags are arranged, and the corresponding valves of each layer can be independently controlled to be opened for water injection according to different soil pressures received by the layered water bags, so that the water pressure of the layered water bags which is more matched with the soil pressure is formed, and the effect of better anti-seismic is achieved.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a retaining wall seismic device with layered water bags according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a right side schematic view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a left-hand structural schematic diagram of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an earthquake resistant structure of a retaining wall earthquake resistant with layered water bags according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a spring piston structure of a retaining wall seismic device with layered water bags according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a perforated hose structure of a retaining wall seismic device with layered water bags according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein: 1: storage tank, 2-1: the water inlet pipe, the 2-2 water pump, the 2-3 spring piston and the 2-4-1: first filter screen, 2-4-2: second filter screen, 2-5: anchor sheet, 2-6: perforated hose, 3-1: water injection pipe, 3-2: booster pump, 3-3-1: upper layer valve, 3-3-2: middle layer valve, 3-3-3: lower layer valve, 4-1-1: upper layered water sac, 4-1-2: middle layered water sac, 4-1-3: lower layered water sac, 4-2-1: upper layer sensor group, 4-2-2: middle layer sensor group, 4-2-3: lower layer sensor group, 4-3-1: upper interlayer water sac, 4-3-2: lower interlayer water sac, 4-4-1: upper interlayer anti-seismic spring, 4-4-2: 4-5 parts of a lower interlayer anti-seismic spring: shock-resistant plate, 5: retaining wall body, 5-1: sea water interface.
Detailed Description
Examples
The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags of the embodiment comprises a retaining wall body 5, a water storage tank 1, a filtering and water absorbing mechanism, a water injection mechanism and an anti-seismic mechanism, wherein the water storage tank 1 is arranged at the upper end of the retaining wall body 5;
the filtering and water absorbing mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe 2-1, a water suction pump 2-2, a spring piston 2-3, a perforated hose 2-6 and an anchor plate 2-5, wherein the water suction pump 2-2 is arranged in a water storage tank 1, the water inlet pipe 2-1 is vertically arranged in a retaining wall body 5, the upper end of the water inlet pipe 2-1 is communicated with the water suction pump 2-2, the lower end of the outer side of the retaining wall body 5 is provided with a sea water connector 5-1, the lower end of the water inlet pipe 2-1 is communicated with the sea water connector 5-1 through a horizontal pipeline, the spring piston 2-3 comprises a spring part and a piston part, one end of the spring part, which is far away from the piston part, is fixedly connected with the sea water connector 5-1, the piston part is arranged in the horizontal pipeline in a manner that the piston part can slide left and right uniformly, the anchor plate 2-5 is arranged in a hard rock stratum close to the inner side of the retaining wall body 5, one end of the perforated hose 2-6 is fixedly connected with the anchor plate 2-5, the other end of the perforated hose 2-6 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 2-1 through a pipeline, and the through holes are formed in the hose 2-6; the seawater interface 5-1 is provided with a first filter screen 2-4-1 for filtering impurities in seawater, and the inner wall of the hose 2-6 with holes is provided with a second filter screen 2-4-2 for filtering soil particles in pore water; the filtering and water absorbing mechanism is used for absorbing seawater and water in the soil body being liquefied, wherein the perforated hose 2-6 and the anchor plate 2-5 are four uniformly distributed;
the earthquake-resistant mechanism is arranged on the inner surface of the retaining wall body 5 and used for reducing the pressure of earthquakes and soil bodies on the retaining wall body 5, and comprises a layered water sac, an interlayer earthquake-resistant spring and an earthquake-resistant plate 4-5, wherein the earthquake-resistant plate 4-5 is movably connected with the inner side of the retaining wall body 5 through the interlayer earthquake-resistant spring, the interlayer water sac is arranged between the retaining wall body 5 and the earthquake-resistant plate 4-5, and the layered water sac is arranged on one side, far away from the interlayer water sac, of the earthquake-resistant plate 4-5;
the water injection mechanism comprises a water injection pipe 3-1, a booster pump 3-2 and a valve, wherein the booster pump 3-2 is arranged in the water storage tank 1, the water injection pipe 3-2 comprises a retaining wall inner water injection pipe and a shock-resistant plate inner water injection pipe which are mutually communicated, the upper end of the retaining wall inner water injection pipe is communicated with the booster pump 3-2, the retaining wall inner water injection pipe is communicated with an interlayer water sac, the shock-resistant plate inner water injection pipe is communicated with the layering water sac, and the valve is arranged on the shock-resistant plate inner water injection pipe. The water injection mechanism is used for injecting water into the layered water bag and the interlayer water bag.
The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags of the embodiment further comprises a sensor group, wherein the sensor group is arranged close to the layered water bags and comprises a pore pressure sensor and a pressure sensor.
In the retaining wall earthquake-resistant device with layered water bags of the embodiment, the layered water bags comprise three upper layered water bags 4-1-1, three middle layered water bags 4-1-2 and three lower layered water bags 4-1-3 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The upper layered water bag 4-1-1, the middle layered water bag 4-1-2 and the lower layered water bag 4-1-3 are respectively communicated with an earthquake-resistant plate inner water injection pipe, the valves comprise an upper layer valve 3-3-1, a middle layer valve 3-3-2 and a lower layer valve 3-3 which are respectively arranged on the earthquake-resistant plate inner water injection pipe, the sensor group comprises an upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, a middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and a lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 which are respectively arranged close to the upper layered water bag 4-1-1, the middle layer layered water bag 4-1-2 and the lower layered water bag 4-1-3, and the pore pressure sensor and the pressure sensor in the sensor group are arranged at corner points of the two layered water bags adjacent in the horizontal direction together and are wrapped with a waterproof protective shell. The pore pressure sensor is used for detecting the pore water pressure of the soil body in real time so as to control the opening and closing of the water suction pump 2-2, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the soil pressure in real time so as to control the opening and closing of the booster pump 3-2 and the valve.
In the retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags of the embodiment, the interlayer water bags comprise two upper interlayer water bags 4-3-1 and two lower interlayer water bags 4-3-2 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The interlayer anti-seismic spring comprises two upper interlayer anti-seismic springs 4-4-1 and two lower interlayer anti-seismic springs 4-4-2 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
The application method of the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step S1: measuring hyperstatic pore water pressure u and soil pressure sigma of soil around retaining wall body in real time through pore pressure sensors and pressure sensors in sensor group z ；
Step S2: when any one of the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 senses hyperstatic pore water pressure u and soil body pressure sigma z When the calculated hyperstatic pore water pressure ratio exceeds 0.8, starting a water suction pump 2-2, wherein the water suction pump 2-2 firstly sucks liquefied water from soil and stores the liquefied water in a water storage tank 1, the suction force in a water inlet pipe 2-1 is increased along with the suction of the liquefied water in the soil, a piston part of a spring piston 2-3 slides rightwards against the elasticity of the spring part under the action of the suction force, and when the piston part slides to a corner formed by a horizontal pipeline and the water inlet pipe 2-1, the water suction pump 2-2 starts to suck seawater;
wherein the hyperstatic pore water pressure ratio:
σ′ z ＝σ z -u，σ′ z is effective stress;
after the water suction pump 2-2 is started, any one of the following conditions is met, and the water suction pump 2-2 is closed;
A. if the hyperstatic pore water pressure u and the soil body pressure sigma measured by all the sensors in the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 z When the calculated ultra-static pore water pressure ratio falls back to below 0.8, the water suction pump 2-2 is turned off;
B. when the water storage tank 1 is filled with water, the water suction pump 2-2 is turned off;
step S3: when the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 z When the set threshold value P1 is reached, starting the booster pump 3-2, and injecting water into the interlayer water bag by the booster pump 3-2 through the water injection pipe in the retaining wall until the interlayer water bag is filled with water; wherein P1 is the design value N of the axial force of the retaining wall body 5 u 70% of (2);
step S4: after the interlayer water bag is filled with water, if the pressure sensors of all the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 measure the soil pressure sigma z If the pressure falls below the threshold value P1, the booster pump 3-2 is turned off;
if the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 z If the pressure does not fall back below the threshold value P1, the starting state of the booster pump 3-2 is maintained;
step S5: when the soil pressure sigma measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1, the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 z When the set threshold value P2 is reached, opening a corresponding valve, wherein the corresponding valve is an upper layer valve 3-3-1, a middle layer valve 3-3-2 or a lower layer valve 3-3-3 corresponding to a layer where the sensor group is positioned, and the booster pump 3-2 injects water into a layered water sac of which the soil pressure reaches the threshold value P2 through a water injection pipe in the anti-seismic plate; wherein P2 is the design value N of the axial force of the retaining wall body 5 u 80% of (2);
step S6: after the valve is opened, if the upper layer sensor group 4-2-1,Soil pressure sigma measured by pressure sensors of all the sensors in the middle layer sensor group 4-2-2 and the lower layer sensor group 4-2-3 z And when the pressure falls below the threshold value P1, the booster pump 3-2 is closed, and after the booster pump 3-2 is closed for 5-10min, all the opened valves are closed.
In the method for applying the retaining wall earthquake-resistant device with layered water bags of the embodiment, in the step S3 and the step S5, the axial force design value is
f: a compressive strength design value of the masonry;
a: cross-sectional area (cross-sectional area of the retaining wall body 5 perpendicular to the axial force direction); from the masonry structural design Specification, f,
Is a value of (2).
In the retaining wall earthquake-resistant device with layered water bags of the embodiment, the earthquake-resistant plates 4-5 are made of waste plastics which are melted and pressed tightly, have certain ductility and are used for absorbing partial soil pressure, waste utilization is realized to a certain extent, and the retaining wall earthquake-resistant device is beneficial to the environment. In the retaining wall anti-seismic device with the layered water bags of the embodiment, the interlayer water bags are respectively connected with the retaining wall inner water injection pipe and the anti-seismic plate inner water injection pipe, so that the anti-seismic effect is achieved, the retaining wall inner water injection pipe and the anti-seismic plate inner water injection pipe are communicated, and pipelines are saved. The water inlet pipe 2-1, the water injection pipe 3-1 and the perforated hose 2-6 are made of soft materials.
The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags can absorb pore water in the soil body which is being liquefied more fully through the spring piston when an earthquake happens, and when the liquefied water in the soil body is extracted to a certain extent, seawater is extracted again to be injected into the water bags, so that the pore water pressure can be greatly reduced, the soil pressure is further reduced, and the water injection quantity of the water bags is reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All technical schemes formed by adopting equivalent substitution fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. Retaining wall anti-seismic device with layering water pocket, its characterized in that: the water storage tank (1) is arranged at the upper end of the retaining wall body (5);
the filtering and water absorbing mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe (2-1), a water suction pump (2-2), a spring piston (2-3), a hose (2-6) with holes and an anchor plate (2-5), wherein the water suction pump (2-2) is arranged in the water storage tank (1), the water inlet pipe (2-1) is vertically arranged in the retaining wall body (5), the upper end of the water inlet pipe (2-1) is communicated with the water suction pump (2-2), the lower end of the outer side of the retaining wall body (5) is provided with a seawater interface (5-1), the lower end of the water inlet pipe (2-1) is communicated with the seawater interface (5-1) through a horizontal pipeline, the spring piston (2-3) comprises a spring part and a piston part, one end of the spring part, which is far away from the piston part, is fixedly connected with the seawater interface (5-1), the piston part is arranged in the horizontal pipeline in a sliding manner, the anchor plate (2-5) is arranged in a hard hole formed in the inner side of the retaining wall body (5), the lower end of the retaining wall body (5) is close to the inner side of the retaining wall body (5), the lower end of the water inlet pipe (2-1) is fixedly connected with the hose (2-6) through the hose (2-6), through holes are uniformly distributed in the hoses (2-6) with holes;
the anti-seismic mechanism comprises a layered water sac, an interlayer anti-seismic spring and an anti-seismic plate (4-5), wherein the anti-seismic plate (4-5) is movably connected with the inner side of the retaining wall body (5) through the interlayer anti-seismic spring, the interlayer water sac is arranged between the retaining wall body (5) and the anti-seismic plate (4-5), and the layered water sac is arranged on one side, far away from the interlayer water sac, of the anti-seismic plate (4-5);
the water injection mechanism comprises a water injection pipe (3-1), a booster pump (3-2) and a valve, wherein the booster pump (3-2) is arranged in the water storage tank (1), the water injection pipe (3-1) comprises a retaining wall inner water injection pipe and a shock-resistant plate inner water injection pipe which are mutually communicated, the upper end of the retaining wall inner water injection pipe is communicated with the booster pump (3-2), the retaining wall inner water injection pipe is communicated with the interlayer water bag, the shock-resistant plate inner water injection pipe is communicated with the layering water bag, and the valve is arranged on the shock-resistant plate inner water injection pipe;
the sensor group is arranged close to the layered water bag and comprises a pore pressure sensor and a pressure sensor.
2. The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seawater connector (5-1) is provided with a first filter screen (2-4-1), and the inner wall of the perforated hose (2-6) is provided with a second filter screen (2-4-2).
3. The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to claim 1, characterized in that: the layered water bag comprises an upper layered water bag (4-1-1), a middle layered water bag (4-1-2) and a lower layered water bag (4-1-3) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
4. A retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper layered water bag (4-1-1), the middle layered water bag (4-1-2) and the lower layered water bag (4-1-3) are respectively communicated with an anti-seismic plate water injection pipe, the valves comprise an upper layer valve (3-3-1), a middle layer valve (3-3-2) and a lower layer valve (3-3) which are respectively arranged on the anti-seismic plate water injection pipe, and the sensor group comprises an upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), a middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and a lower layer sensor group (4-2-3) which are respectively close to the upper layered water bag (4-1-1), the middle layer layered water bag (4-1-2) and the lower layer layered water bag (4-1-3).
5. The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interlayer water bag comprises an upper interlayer water bag (4-3-1) and a lower interlayer water bag (4-3-2) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
6. The retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interlayer anti-seismic spring comprises an upper interlayer anti-seismic spring (4-4-1) and a lower interlayer anti-seismic spring (4-4-2) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
7. A method of using a retaining wall seismic device with layered water bags according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: measuring hyperstatic pore water pressure u and soil pressure of soil around retaining wall body in real time through pore pressure sensors and pressure sensors in sensor group
；
Step S2: when any one of the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3) senses hyperstatic pore water pressure u and soil pressure
When the calculated ultra-static pore water pressure ratio exceeds 0.8, starting a water suction pump (2-2), wherein the water suction pump (2-2) firstly sucks liquefied water from soil and stores the liquefied water in a water storage tank (1), the suction force in a water inlet pipe (2-1) is increased along with the suction of the liquefied water in the soil, a piston part of a spring piston (2-3) overcomes the elasticity of the spring part to slide rightwards under the suction force, and when the piston part slides to a corner formed by a horizontal pipeline and the water inlet pipe (2-1), the water suction pump (2-2) starts to suck seawater;
wherein the hyperstatic pore water pressure ratio:
；
after the water suction pump (2-2) is started, any one of the following conditions is met, and the water suction pump (2-2) is closed;
A. if the hyperstatic pore water pressure u and the soil pressure measured by all the sensors in the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3) are measured
When the calculated ultra-static pore water pressure ratio falls back to below 0.8, the water suction pump (2-2) is turned off;
B. when the water storage tank (1) is filled with water, the water suction pump (2-2) is closed;
step S3: when the soil pressure measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3)
When the set threshold value P1 is reached, starting a booster pump (3-2), and injecting water into the interlayer water bag by the booster pump (3-2) through a water injection pipe in the retaining wall until the interlayer water bag is filled with water; wherein P1 is the design value of the axial force of the retaining wall body (5)>
70% of (2);
step S4: after the interlayer water bag is filled with water, if the pressure sensors of all the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3) measure the soil pressure
When the pressure falls below the threshold value P1, the booster pump (3-2) is turned off;
if the soil pressure measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3)
If the pressure does not fall back below the threshold value P1, the starting state of the booster pump (3-2) is maintained;
step S5: when the soil pressure measured by the pressure sensor of any one of the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3)
When the set threshold value P2 is reached, a corresponding valve is opened, and the booster pump (3-2) injects water into the layered water sac of which the soil pressure reaches the threshold value P2 through the water injection pipe in the anti-seismic plate; wherein P2 is the design value of the axial force of the retaining wall body (5)>
80% of (2);
step S6: after the valve is opened, if the soil pressure measured by the pressure sensors of all the upper layer sensor group (4-2-1), the middle layer sensor group (4-2-2) and the lower layer sensor group (4-2-3) is measured
When the pressure falls below the threshold value P1, the booster pump (3-2) is closed, and after the booster pump (3-2) is closed for 5-10min, all the opened valves are closed.
8. The method of using a retaining wall anti-seismic device with layered water bags according to claim 7, wherein: in step S3 and step S5, the axial force design value
；
Phi: the influence coefficient of the high thickness ratio beta and the eccentricity e of the axial force on the bearing capacity of the pressed component;
f: a compressive strength design value of the masonry;
a: cross-sectional area.
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