CN114775162B - Preparation method of rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net - Google Patents
Preparation method of rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net Download PDFInfo
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- CN114775162B CN114775162B CN202210381924.5A CN202210381924A CN114775162B CN 114775162 B CN114775162 B CN 114775162B CN 202210381924 A CN202210381924 A CN 202210381924A CN 114775162 B CN114775162 B CN 114775162B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04G—MAKING NETS BY KNOTTING OF FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; MAKING KNOTTED CARPETS OR TAPESTRIES; KNOTTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D04G1/00—Making nets by knotting of filamentary material
- D04G1/02—Making nets by knotting of filamentary material in machines
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
- D01D5/0885—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes by means of a liquid
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/04—Pigments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
- D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/34—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns
- D02G3/346—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns with coloured effects, i.e. by differential dyeing process
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C25/00—Treating selvedges or other edges, e.g. stiffening
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/02—Setting
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
- D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
- D06H7/22—Severing by heat or by chemical agents
- D06H7/221—Severing by heat or by chemical agents by heat
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net, which comprises the steps of preparing a blended anti-fouling composite material, preparing light blue monofilament tows, preparing the rectangular separation net, grafting polypropylene granules, polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride to modify the polypropylene anti-fouling material, nano copper powder, pyrithione copper powder, tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester, tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidinyl) phosphite ester, phthalocyanine blue pigment, titanium pigment and turpentine, uniformly stirring, extruding and granulating for 2-3 times through a double screw extruder to obtain the blended anti-fouling composite material, then drawing wires, rolling to obtain the light blue monofilament tows, and obtaining the rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net through the special rectangular separation net preparation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep and open sea cultivation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a rectangular deep and open sea cultivation separation net.
Background
Deep and open sea cultivation is a brand new technical field in China and is at the starting stage at present. The aquaculture area is moved from the offshore to the deep open sea, so that the sustainability of aquaculture production can be effectively enhanced, the aquaculture water body in the deep open sea aquaculture equipment facility is large, and the monomer aquaculture water body is higher than 5 ten thousand cubic meters. For cultivating different fishes, people divide the inner space of the deep and open sea cultivation equipment facility into a plurality of small cultivation areas by using a separation net, and the cultivation water body range of each small cultivation area is about 0.3-4 ten thousand cubic meters so as to meet the cultivation needs of different fishes. In the technical field, a net for separating the inner space of a deep-open sea cultivation equipment facility is called a deep-open sea cultivation separation net or a separation net for short; the separation line is used for manufacturing the separation net; the ropes installed at the edges of the separation net are called rims. The sea condition of the deep open sea is extremely unstable, and the high storm can destroy the cultivation equipment and facilities at any time, so that the separation net has better wave and current resistance, and can not be damaged under severe sea conditions.
When splicing seams are carried out among net sheets in the traditional separation net used in the prior art, the knots and the splicing seams generally adopt knots and common polyethylene yarns, and problems such as slip of the splicing seams, tearing of the splicing seams, breakage of the splicing seams and the like often occur in actual production, so that the problem that fishes in different separation areas cross each other from the splicing seams or are stuck and hung can not play the separation function of the separation net at all; meanwhile, after the separation net is used in the sea for a period of time, a large amount of fouling organisms such as barnacles, mussels and algae can be attached to the separation net, once the fouling organisms are attached seriously, the stress of the separation net is increased greatly, and the fouling organisms attached to the separation net are worn or cut with a net rope continuously, so that 'net fish breaking escape' accidents are caused, and the facility safety of the deep and open sea cultivation equipment and the ecological safety of cultivated fishes are seriously influenced.
In the prior art, the traditional separation net is generally manufactured by using the same raw material and two drafting machines, and has obvious disadvantages: (1) The produced common monofilament is manufactured by adopting a traditional wiredrawing process, has low comprehensive properties such as strength and the like, and has no antifouling function; (2) The traditional separation net is a color-free separation net, so that the phenomenon of net collision (touching the separation net) frequently occurs in fish culture, and healthy growth of fish is affected; (3) After the traditional separation net is processed, either heat setting treatment is not carried out or setting stretching tension is not applied, so that the separation net has low mesh knot fastness and high mesh size deviation rate, the phenomenon of mesh knot slipping easily occurs in deep and open sea cultivation operation, and the serious problem of fish sticking and hanging due to splicing, stitching, tearing and splitting is further caused; (4) The traditional separation net is manually installed by a border line, the edge of the separation net is not subjected to edge binding treatment, the working efficiency is low, the edge strength of the net sheet is low, and the high-quality development of the deep and open sea aquaculture is seriously restricted.
The problems related to the traditional separation net are seriously plagued in the deep and open sea aquaculture industry, and become urgent problems to be solved in the current industry. And the technical field is far away from other technical fields such as textile field, fishing gear field, freshwater aquaculture field, offshore aquaculture field, deepwater net cage field, common fence field, offshore aquaculture field, and the like, and monofilament, wire and net technology for other technical fields is not suitable for the technical field, is difficult to provide reference for solving the technical problem in the field, and the monofilament, wire and net technology for other fields cannot be used as the contrast technology in the field at all. In conclusion, the method for manufacturing the rectangular deep-open sea culture separation net has become a long-term pending technical problem in the technical field, and innovatively developing the rectangular deep-open sea culture separation net is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a preparation method of a rectangular deep-open sea culture separation net, which is used for improving the net knot fastness of the separation net, meeting the behavior habit requirements of cultured fishes, reducing the net size deviation rate and raw material consumption of the separation net, increasing the antifouling function and the wave current resistance of the separation net, guaranteeing the safety of the separation net and the healthy growth requirements of the cultured fishes, assisting the deep-open sea green culture strategy and realizing the high-quality development of the deep-open sea culture industry. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method of a rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparation of blending antifouling composite material
Mixing polypropylene granules, polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material, nano copper powder, pyrithione copper powder, pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidyl) phosphite ester, phthalocyanine blue pigment, titanium pigment and turpentine, stirring for 40-70 min by a stirrer until the materials are uniformly mixed, and then extruding and granulating for 2-3 times by a double-screw extruder to obtain a blending anti-fouling composite material;
wherein the polypropylene granules are dry wiredrawing-grade polypropylene granules, and the melt index is 0.76g/10 min-1.0 g/10 min; the grafting rate of the polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material is 10%, and the addition amount is 25.3-34.8% of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the grain diameter of the nanometer copper powder is less than 500nm, and the addition amount is 0.7-1.5% of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the particle size of the pyrithione copper powder is less than 800nm, and the addition amount is 2.3 to 4.1 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester is 0.4 per mill to 1.3 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidinyl) phosphite ester is 2.3 to 3.5 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the phthalocyanine blue pigment is 0.08 to 0.12 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the titanium dioxide is 0.9 to 1.1 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of turpentine is 2.9 to 4.3 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules.
B. Preparation of bluish monofilament tow
The blended antifouling composite is melt extruded by a single screw extruder equipped with an automatic feeder. Wherein the temperature control ranges of the (1) th zone, the (2) th zone, the (3) th zone and the (4) th zone of the extruder charging barrel electric heating zone are 168 ℃ to 174 ℃, 240 ℃ to 249 ℃, 260 ℃ to 267 ℃ and 256 ℃ to 265 ℃ respectively; the rotating speed of the screw is in the range of 16-30 m/min, the aperture of the spinneret orifice on the spinneret plate is 0.80-1.03 mm, and the number of the orifices of the spinneret plate is equal to the number of monofilaments for one parting line strand in number;
after the nascent monofilaments melt-extruded from the spinneret holes are cooled and pre-drawn by low-temperature water in a cooling water tank with the water temperature of 16-35 ℃ and a first drawing roller, the nascent monofilaments are subjected to first heat drawing by a high-temperature first drawing water bath with the temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a second drawing roller, are subjected to second heat drawing by a high-temperature second drawing water bath with the temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a third drawing roller, and are subjected to third heat drawing by a high-temperature third drawing water bath with the temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a fourth drawing roller; the total multiple range of the pre-drawn monofilaments is controlled to be 8.0-9.1 times through three times of hot drawing, and the light blue monofilament bundles are obtained after winding.
C. Rectangular separator net preparation
Twisting the light blue monofilament tows sequentially with a twist of 33T/m-150T/m to obtain S-twist separating thread strands; then manufacturing 3 separation line strands with S twisting directions into separation lines with Z twisting directions through a twisting machine; then manufacturing the separation line into a light blue knotted net with the mesh size of which the mesh size is 2c ranging from 19mm to 101mm and the type of the net knot is single dead knot or double dead knots by a double-hook type netting machine (wherein 2c is the mesh size of the light blue knotted net);
carrying out heat setting treatment (the heat setting temperature is 95-100 ℃ and the heat setting time is 15-33 min) on the light blue knotted net by using the longitudinal breaking strength of the light blue knotted net which is 0.24-0.31 times as the setting tensile force through a geosyncline setting machine; cutting with electrothermal scissors, heat setting to obtain light blue net with knots, and sewing and splicing to length x width
Is a bluish rectangular net; the method comprises the steps of binding the net edges of the light blue rectangular net, carrying out net rope connection and edge covering treatment between the light blue rectangular net with the length of a meter and the width of b meter after the binding treatment and the edge line by using a net rope edge covering machine, obtaining the light blue rectangular net with the assembly edge line and the specification of a meter (length) and b meter (width) after the net rope connection and edge covering treatment, and finally folding and flattening the light blue rectangular net after the edge covering treatment, packing, brushing and warehousing, wherein the light blue rectangular net is the preparation method of the rectangular deep open sea culture separation net with the light blue color.
In the step, when the cut light blue knots net is stitched and spliced, light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wires with the comprehensive linear density of 330tex are adopted as stitchingThe wire is sewn and spliced with the knots sequentially in a circular structure form of double knots, single knots and double knots, and the distance between two adjacent knots is the distance between two mesh foot lengths of the light blue knots; the process conditions for binding the net edge of the light blue rectangular net are as follows: the binding width of the net edge is
The net wire for binding adopts light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene braiding wires with the diameter range of 1.0 mm-3.9 mm; the technological conditions for carrying out net rope connection and edge wrapping treatment on the light blue rectangular net and the rim line are as follows: the edge line for light blue rectangular net edge wrapping adopts an aramid rope with the diameter of 4mm, and the sewing thread for a net rope edge wrapping machine adopts an aramid sewing thread with the diameter range of 0.5 mm-0.9 mm.
In a second aspect of the invention, a rectangular deep open sea aquaculture separation net prepared by the preparation method is provided.
Effects and effects of the invention
The invention creates a technical scheme of a rectangular deep-open sea culture separation net, which is proved by a great deal of development innovation tests under the conditions of different stitching and splicing processes, different edge-covering treatment processes, different wire drawing raw materials, different coloring processes, different wire drawing processes, different production costs, different wire net processes, different heat setting treatment processes and the like, and the technical scheme is creatively obtained through countless hard labor, so that the net mesh firmness of the separation net is improved, the behavior habit requirements of cultured fishes are met, the mesh size deviation rate and the raw material consumption of the separation net are reduced, the antifouling function and the wave current resistance performance of the separation net are increased, the safety of the separation net and the healthy growth requirements of the cultured fishes are ensured, and the technical scheme is specifically as follows:
(1) In the aspect of raw material proportion:
according to the invention, the phthalocyanine blue pigment and titanium dioxide with specific proportions are added into the wiredrawing raw materials, and the light blue separation net is obtained through a special coloring technology, so that the coloring technology meets the behavior habit requirements of the cultured fishes, effectively avoids the problem that net collision occurs frequently in fish culture, and promotes the healthy growth of the cultured fishes;
in addition, the invention adds the anti-fouling materials with anti-fouling function such as the polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material in a specific proportion into the drawing raw material of the separation net, and compared with the traditional small molecule anti-fouling agent, the special grafting structure of the polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene is not easy to lose efficacy due to gradual exudation, thereby enhancing the anti-fouling function of the separation net. The marine hanging piece antifouling experiment result shows that: compared with the traditional polyethylene net with the same specification, the fouling organism attaching area of the deep and open sea culture separation net manufactured by the invention is reduced by more than 20% under the same sea condition, and the antifouling effect is obvious;
thirdly, the invention adds pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] and tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidyl) phosphite ester in specific proportions into the wiredrawing raw material, thereby greatly improving the thermal stability of the bluish monofilaments and the separation net, not only providing antioxidant protection for the separation net, but also reducing the degradation and aging of the separation net under the same sea condition and prolonging the service cycle of the separation net.
(2) Production of monofilaments
According to the characteristics of the mixed materials, the invention limits the technological conditions of melt extrusion, cooling, pre-drawing and three times of hot drawing, ensures normal drawing and smooth drawing in the process of manufacturing the light blue monofilaments, and improves the spinnability, antifouling function, thermal stability, wear resistance, knot strength and fishing suitability of the monofilaments for the separation net.
The experimental results of the related physical and mechanical properties show that the nodular strength and the elongation at break of the light blue monofilament for the deep and open sea culture separation net prepared by the invention are respectively 5.2g/D and 11.3%, and the nodular strength index of the polypropylene monofilament is improved by about 53% compared with that of the polypropylene monofilament in the current SC/T4042 standard; if the draft multiple is further improved under the current 8.0-9.1 times of low draft, the strength can be further improved; in addition, the breaking elongation of the monofilament is more than 11%, the requirements of extensibility and storm resistance of the deep and open sea culture separation net are completely met, and compared with the common polypropylene monofilament under the same wiredrawing process conditions (the polypropylene monofilament is produced by the same wiredrawing equipment and the same drafting conditions, but the raw materials are polypropylene granules), the breaking strength of the light blue monofilament is improved by about 11%.
In addition, the traditional separation line manufacturing process needs to be carried out on the basis of the monofilament filament bundles, and the number of holes of the spinneret plate for wire drawing is equal to the number of monofilaments for one net line strand, so that the separation line manufacturing process is reduced, and the cost is saved.
(3) Braiding, heat setting and cutting net sheets, stitching and splicing lines, net edge binding and binding, net rope connecting and edge binding and other separation net preparation aspects
Firstly, the traditional separation net is directly used after being woven, a ground groove type shaping machine is adopted to carry out heat shaping treatment on the light blue knotted net under a special shaping process (such as temperature, time and stretching tension), compared with the traditional separation net, the mesh knot fastness of the separation net processed by the invention is improved by at least 3%, the mesh size deviation rate is reduced by at least 0.3%, and the mesh knot stability and wave resistance performance of the product are greatly improved;
secondly, the invention adopts the electrothermal scissors to cut the light blue knots after the heat setting treatment, compared with the traditional separating net which is cut by the common scissors, the invention can effectively avoid loose eyes and feet at the cutting end of the light blue knots, and the invention saves time and labor. At the same time, the specification in the invention is
The net knots for stitching and splicing the light blue rectangular net adopt a special dead knot structure form, so that the knot firmness of the stitched and spliced light blue rectangular net is improved by more than 3 percent compared with that of a traditional separation net (the stitching and splicing between different nets in the traditional separation net adopts a loose knot structure form), and the knot firmness, the knot stability and the wave flow resistance of the light blue rectangular net and the separation net are improved;
third, the specification in the present invention is
The stitching splice line of the light blue rectangular net with the width adopts light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wire with high strength and wear resistance, which is more than that of the same specificationThe strength of the polyethylene wires (the traditional separation net stitching splice wires are made of the polyethylene wires) is improved by more than 2 times, and the strength and the wave resistance performance of the light blue rectangular net and the separation net are improved;
fourth, the distance between two adjacent knots at the stitching joint of the light blue rectangular net is the distance between the two mesh foot lengths of the light blue knotted net, so that the problem of fish sticking caused by the large-distance knots of the traditional separation net is effectively avoided, and the safety of the light blue rectangular net and the separation net formed after the light blue rectangular net is ensured; according to the invention, the edge of the light blue rectangular net is reinforced by the light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene knitting wire with high strength and cutting resistance in special specification under the condition that the net edge of the net sheet of the traditional separation net is not subjected to edge binding treatment, so that the net edge of the light blue rectangular net is prevented from being loose and damaged, the net edge is prevented from being hooked or worn on a frame (containing objects on the frame) of the cultivation equipment, and the safety of the light blue rectangular net and the separation net is ensured.
Fifthly, the invention carries out edge covering treatment by the net rope edge covering machine, thereby improving the assembly speed of the edge line; the special aramid sewing thread with high strength and wear resistance is utilized to carry out the net rope connection and edge wrapping treatment, and the edge line adopts the high strength and low creep aramid rope, so that the edge of the separation net is reinforced, the net edge of the separation net is prevented from being loose and damaged, the net edge is prevented from being hooked or worn on the frame (containing objects on the frame) of the cultivation equipment, and the safety of the light blue rectangular net and the separation net is ensured. In addition, the invention adopts special twisting and netting processes to process the separation net, thereby greatly improving the comprehensive performance of the separation net.
In summary, the mesh breaking strength is closely related to the strength, safety, life cycle, raw material consumption, wave resistance, etc. of the separation net. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional separation net with the same specification, the net breaking strength of the separation net manufactured by the invention is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional separation net; on the premise that the net breaking strength is the same and other conditions are the same, if the separation net manufactured by the invention is used for replacing the traditional separation net with the same specification, the line diameter, weight, water resistance and raw material consumption of the separation net can be reduced, consumption reduction, carbon reduction and pollution reduction of the separation net can be realized, the comprehensive benefit is obvious, the technical creative effect is very obvious, and the invention has great significance for promoting the high-quality development of the deep-open sea aquaculture and has very broad industrial prospect.
The whole technical scheme of the invention is formed on the basis of a large amount of hard experimental demonstration, and combines various new technical innovations such as special coloring technology, stitching and splicing technology between two nets, edge binding technology of net edges, net rope connection and edge covering treatment technology, antifouling technology of aquaculture nets, aquaculture fish behavior technology, new material technology and the like, and finally the deep and open sea aquaculture separation net suitable for the field is manufactured. The technology of the invention has very important effects on improving the safety, the technical gold content, the wave current resistance, the antifouling function, the tear resistance and the like of the deep-open sea culture separation net, and has very important significance on developing deep-open sea culture, assisting the deep-open sea green culture strategy, promoting the sustainable and healthy development of the deep-open sea culture and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. The following examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
In this example, a method for producing a rectangular deep open sea culture separation net (the mesh size of the separation net in the example is 60 mm) with a light blue color and a specification of 10m (length) ×5m (width) will be described.
1. Raw materials and apparatus
The raw materials and equipment required in the method are as follows: electric scissors, a net rope edge covering machine, a ground trough type shaping machine, a stirrer, a single screw extruder, a double screw extruder, a three-drawing machine, a wire collecting machine, a twisting machine, a wire dividing machine and a double-hook net weaving machine;
polypropylene granules (commercial wiredrawing-grade dry polypropylene granules, the melt index of which is required to satisfy 0.76g/10 min-1.0 g/10min, if the polypropylene granules are wet, drying treatment such as air drying or sun drying is required, if the drying speed is required to be improved, equipment such as a dryer is used for quick drying treatment), polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafting modified polypropylene anti-fouling material (commercial product, the grafting rate is 10%, the adding amount is 25.3-34.8% of the weight of the polypropylene granules), nano copper powder (commercial product, the particle diameter is smaller than 500nm, the adding amount is 0.7-1.5% of the weight of the polypropylene granules), pyrithione copper powder (commercial product, the particle diameter is smaller than 800nm, the adding amount is 2.3-4.1% of the weight of the polypropylene granules), tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester (commercial product, the adding amount is 0.4-1.3% of the weight of the polypropylene granules, the adding amount is 25.3-34.8% of the weight of the polypropylene granules, the adding amount is 2.3-1.3% of the weight of the commercial blue pigment, the adding amount is 3.3-3.9% of the weight of the commercial polypropylene granules, the commercial blue pigment (commercial blue pigment) and the adding amount is 3.3-3.9% of the weight of the polypropylene granules).
2. Preparation process
The invention provides a preparation method of a rectangular deep open sea culture separation net, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparation of blending antifouling composite material
Mixing polypropylene granules, polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material, nano copper powder, pyrithione copper powder, pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidyl) phosphite ester, phthalocyanine blue pigment, titanium pigment and turpentine according to the proportion, stirring for 40-70 min by a stirrer until the materials are uniformly mixed, or optionally, extruding and granulating for 2-3 times by a double-screw extruder to obtain a blending anti-fouling composite material;
B. preparation of bluish monofilament tow
The blended antifouling composite is melt extruded by a single screw extruder equipped with an automatic feeder. Wherein the temperature control ranges of the (1) th zone, the (2) th zone, the (3) th zone and the (4) th zone of the extruder charging barrel electric heating zone are 168 ℃ to 174 ℃, 240 ℃ to 249 ℃, 260 ℃ to 267 ℃ and 256 ℃ to 265 ℃ respectively; the rotating speed range of the screw is 16 m/min-30 m/min; the filter screen adopts an 80-mesh wire mesh and a 120-mesh copper wire mesh; the aperture of the spinneret holes on the spinneret plate is 0.80mm-1.03mm, and the number of the holes of the spinneret plate is equal to the number of monofilaments for one parting line strand in number;
the primary filaments melt extruded from the spinneret orifices are subjected to cooling and pre-drawing by a cooling water tank with water temperature of 16-35 ℃ (the cooling distance range of the primary filaments is controlled to be 0.70-0.95 m, a cooling water tank is provided with a water inlet pipe and an overflow pipe) and a first drawing roller, then subjected to first hot drawing by a high-temperature first drawing water bath with 95-99 ℃ and a second drawing roller, subjected to second hot drawing by a high-temperature second drawing water bath with 95-99 ℃ and a third drawing roller, and subjected to third hot drawing by a high-temperature third drawing water bath with 95-99 ℃ and a fourth drawing roller; the total multiple range of the pre-drawn monofilaments is controlled to be 8.0-9.1 times through three times of hot drawing so as to wind the monofilament tows by using a wire winding machine of a torque motor, and the light blue monofilament tows are obtained after winding.
C. Rectangular separator net preparation
Twisting the light blue monofilament tows sequentially with a twist of 33T/m-150T/m to obtain S-twist separating thread strands; then manufacturing 3 separation line strands with S twisting directions into separation lines with Z twisting directions through a twisting machine; then the separation line is manufactured into a light blue knotted net with the mesh size of 60mm and the knots type of single knots or double knots by a double-hook netting machine; carrying out heat setting treatment (heat setting temperature is 95-100 ℃ and heat setting time is 15-33 min) on the light blue knotted net by using the longitudinal breaking strength of the light blue knotted net which is 0.24-0.31 times as setting tensile force through a geosyncline setting machine; cutting the light blue colored knotted net after heat setting treatment by using an electric heating scissors, and sewing and splicing the light blue colored knotted net into a light blue rectangular net with the length of 10.085 meters and the width of 5.085 meters in a dead knot mode; the method comprises the steps of binding the net edges of the light blue rectangular net, carrying out net rope connection and edge covering treatment between the light blue rectangular net with the length of 10 meters and the width of 5 meters after the binding treatment and the edge line by using a net rope edge covering machine, obtaining the light blue rectangular net with the assembly edge line and the specification of 10 meters (length) and 5 meters (width) after the net rope connection and edge covering treatment, and finally folding and flattening the light blue rectangular net after the edge covering treatment, packing, brushing and warehousing, wherein the method is a preparation method of the rectangular deep-open sea cultivation separation net with the color of light blue and the specification of 10 meters (length) and 5 meters (width).
In the step, when the cut light blue knots are stitched and spliced, light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wires with the comprehensive linear density of 330tex are adopted as suture lines, the knots for stitching and splicing sequentially adopt a circular structure form of double knots, single knots and double knots, and the distance between two adjacent knots is the distance between two mesh foot lengths of the light blue knots; the process conditions for binding the net edge of the light blue rectangular net are as follows: the binding width of the net edge is 0.085 m during binding, and the net wire for binding adopts light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene braiding wires with the diameter range of 1.0 mm-3.9 mm; the technological conditions for carrying out net rope connection and edge wrapping treatment on the light blue rectangular net and the rim line are as follows: the edge line for light blue rectangular net edge wrapping adopts an aramid rope with the diameter of 4mm, and the sewing thread for a net rope edge wrapping machine adopts an aramid sewing thread with the diameter range of 0.5 mm-0.9 mm.
The antifouling monofilament prepared by the preparation method has the linear density of 36tex, good roundness, good appearance, high cost performance and high strength, the strength and elongation at break of the antifouling monofilament knot are 5.2g/D and 11.3 percent respectively, and the strength index of the antifouling monofilament knot is improved by 53 percent compared with that of a polypropylene monofilament knot in the current SC/T4042 standard.
The technical scheme of the invention can be adjusted by related personnel in the field of deep-open sea aquaculture according to the special specification of the separation line and the price of the separation net acceptable to the aquaculture enterprises, and is illustrated as follows:
the first adjustment scheme is as follows:
if the hole number of the spinneret plate is 30, in order to prepare a special specification separation line (the number of the separation line is 75 strands) and a special specification separation net (the specification of the separation net is 36tex multiplied by 25 multiplied by 3-60 mm SJ), the light blue monofilament bundles in the technical scheme of the invention are required to be separated under the specific condition that the filament separation tension is 10.7% -20.3% of the strength of the monofilament knots, and the light blue monofilaments can be obtained after filament separation and winding by a filament separation machine; taking the separated bluish monofilaments as a matrix fiber material, combining 75 strands of separation lines, and twisting the 25 bluish monofilaments with a twist of 33-150T/m to obtain one S-twist separation line strand; other subsequent technical schemes such as twisting, netting, heat setting treatment, cutting, sewing and splicing, edge binding treatment, net rope connecting and edge covering treatment are the same as the technical scheme of the invention, so that the deep and open sea culture separation net can be obtained. The test results show that the technical scheme has good overall technical effect, obvious comprehensive benefit and remarkable creativity.
And a second adjustment scheme:
the extruder, the drawing machine, the wire drawing raw material and the hot drawing and strand making schemes in the technical scheme of the invention are optimized and adjusted:
(1) removing the extrusion granulation process of the double-screw extruder, and directly extruding the uniformly mixed mixture by a single-screw extruder;
(2) the three drafting machines are adjusted to be double drafting machines, and monofilaments are manufactured and produced by two-stage drafting;
(3) the corresponding wiredrawing raw materials and the hot drawing and stranding schemes are adjusted as follows: the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing a drawing-grade polypropylene granule, a polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material, pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] and turpentine [ wherein the drawing-grade dry polypropylene granule (commercial product, the melt index of which is 0.76g/10 min-1.0 g/10 min), the polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material (commercial product, the grafting rate is 10%, the adding amount is 25.3% -34.8% of the weight of the polypropylene granule), pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] (commercial product, the adding amount is 0.4-1.3% of the weight of the polypropylene granule) and turpentine (commercial product, the adding amount of which is 2.9-4.3% of the weight of the polypropylene granule) ]; stirring the mixed materials by a stirrer for 40-70 min until the materials are uniformly mixed, melting and extruding the mixed materials in a temperature control range of 168-174 ℃, 240-249 ℃, 260-267 ℃ and 256-265 ℃ respectively in a (1) th zone, a (2) th zone, a (3) th zone and a (4) th zone of a charging barrel electric heating zone of a single screw extruder, cooling and pre-drafting the primary filaments melted and extruded from spinning holes by a cooling water tank with the water temperature of 16-35 ℃ and a first drafting roller, and performing primary hot drafting on the pre-drafted filaments by a first drafting water bath with the high temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a second drafting roller; carrying out second hot drawing on the filaments after the first hot drawing by a second drawing water bath tank with high temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a third drawing roller; the total multiple range of the pre-drawn monofilaments is controlled to be 8.0-9.1 times through twice hot drawing, so that the filament bundles are wound by a filament winding machine with a torque motor, and the filament bundles are obtained; twisting the 1 monofilament filament bundle with a twist of 33-150T/m to obtain 1S-twist separating strand; other subsequent technical schemes such as twisting, netting, heat setting treatment, cutting, sewing and splicing, edge binding treatment, net rope connection and edge covering treatment are unchanged, and the deep and open sea culture separation net with favorable price is obtained. The test result shows that the favorable-price deep-open sea culture separation net has poor antifouling performance, can meet the requirements of other comprehensive performances of the deep-open sea culture separation net, and has good overall technical effect and remarkable creativity.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. preparation of blending antifouling composite material
Polypropylene granules, polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material, nano copper powder, pyrithione copper powder, pentaerythritol tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ], tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidyl) phosphite ester, phthalocyanine blue pigment, titanium pigment and turpentine are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a blending anti-fouling composite material,
wherein, the addition amount of the polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material is 25.3-34.8% of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the grain diameter of the nanometer copper powder is less than 500nm, and the addition amount is 0.7-1.5% of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the particle size of the pyrithione copper powder is less than 800nm, and the addition amount is 2.3 to 4.1 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester is 0.4 per mill to 1.3 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the tris (1, 2, 6-pentamethylpiperidinyl) phosphite ester is 2.3 to 3.5 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the phthalocyanine blue pigment is 0.08 to 0.12 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of the titanium dioxide is 0.9 to 1.1 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules; the addition amount of turpentine is 2.9 to 4.3 per mill of the weight of the polypropylene granules,
B. preparation of bluish monofilament tow
The blending antifouling composite material is melt extruded by a single screw extruder, and the temperature control ranges of the (1) th zone, the (2) th zone, the (3) th zone and the (4) th zone of an electric heating zone of a charging barrel of the extruder are 168 ℃ to 174 ℃, 240 ℃ to 249 ℃, 260 ℃ to 267 ℃ and 256 ℃ to 265 ℃ respectively;
after the nascent monofilaments melt-extruded from the spinneret holes are cooled and pre-drawn by low-temperature water in a cooling water tank with the water temperature of 16-35 ℃ and a first drawing roller, the nascent monofilaments are subjected to first heat drawing by a high-temperature first drawing water bath with the temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a second drawing roller, are subjected to second heat drawing by a high-temperature second drawing water bath with the temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a third drawing roller, and are subjected to third heat drawing by a high-temperature third drawing water bath with the temperature of 95-99 ℃ and a fourth drawing roller; the total multiple range of the pre-drawn monofilaments is controlled to be 8.0 to 9.1 times through three times of hot drawing, the light blue monofilament bundles are obtained after winding,
C. rectangular separator net preparation
Twisting the light blue monofilament tows sequentially with a twist of 33T/m-150T/m to obtain S-twist separating thread strands; then manufacturing a plurality of separation line strands with S twisting directions into separation lines with Z twisting directions through a twisting machine; then the separation line is manufactured into a light blue knotted net with the mesh size of 19-101 mm and the type of the net knot of single dead knot or double dead knots by a double-hook netting machine;
performing heat setting treatment on the light blue knotted net by taking the longitudinal breaking strength of the light blue knotted net which is 0.24-0.31 times as the setting tensile force; cutting the heat-set light blue knotted net with electric heating scissors, and sewing and splicing the cut light blue knotted net in dead knot form to length x width
Is a bluish rectangular net; the net edge of the light blue rectangular net is subjected to edge binding treatment, the light blue rectangular net with the length of a meter and the width of a meter and b meter is subjected to net rope connection edge binding treatment by a net rope edge binding machine, and the light blue rectangular net with the specification of a meter and b meter assembled with the rim is obtained after the net rope connection edge binding treatment, so that the light blue rectangular deep and open sea aquaculture separation net with the specification of a meter and b meter is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the rectangular deep open sea culture separation net according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
wherein, in the step A, the polypropylene granules are dry wiredrawing-grade polypropylene granules, and the melt index is 0.76g/10 min-1.0 g/10 min; the grafting rate of the polyhexamethylene monoguanidine hydrochloride grafted modified polypropylene anti-fouling material is 10 percent,
and stirring the granules for 40-70 min by a stirrer after the granules are mixed until the granules are uniformly mixed.
3. The method for preparing the rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step A, the mixture is uniformly stirred and extruded and granulated for 2-3 times by a double-screw extruder.
4. The method for preparing the rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step B, the single-screw extruder is provided with an automatic feeder, the rotating speed of the screw is in the range of 16-30 m/min, the aperture of a spinneret orifice on a spinneret plate is 0.80-1.03 mm, and the number of the orifices of the spinneret plate is equal to the number of monofilaments for one separation strand in number.
5. The method for preparing the rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step C, a ground groove type setting machine is adopted to carry out heat setting treatment on the light blue net with knots, and the process conditions are as follows: shaping at 95-100 deg.c for 15-33 min.
6. The method for preparing the rectangular deep and open sea culture separation net according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step C, when the cut light blue knots are stitched and spliced, light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene wires with the comprehensive linear density of 330tex are adopted as stitching lines, the knots for stitching and splicing sequentially adopt a circular structure form of double knots, single knots and double knots, and the distance between two adjacent knots is the distance between the two mesh foot lengths of the light blue knots;
the process conditions for binding the net edge of the light blue rectangular net are as follows: the binding width of the net edge is
The net wire for edge binding adopts light blue ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene braiding wires with the diameter range of 1.0 mm-3.9 mm; the technological conditions for carrying out net rope connection and edge wrapping treatment on the light blue rectangular net and the rim line are as follows: the edge line for light blue rectangular net edge wrapping adopts an aramid rope with the diameter of 4mm, and the sewing thread for a net rope edge wrapping machine adopts an aramid sewing thread with the diameter range of 0.5 mm-0.9 mm.
7. A rectangular deep open sea aquaculture separation net made by the method of any one of claims 1-6.
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