CN114775076B - Drawing process of high-performance bio-based fiber - Google Patents
Drawing process of high-performance bio-based fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN114775076B CN114775076B CN202210433464.6A CN202210433464A CN114775076B CN 114775076 B CN114775076 B CN 114775076B CN 202210433464 A CN202210433464 A CN 202210433464A CN 114775076 B CN114775076 B CN 114775076B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of bio-based fiber processing, in particular to a wire drawing process of high-performance bio-based fiber, which comprises an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder which are concentrically sleeved, wherein a preheating cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, a melting cavity is formed between the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, a flow guiding cavity is formed in the wall of the inner cylinder, filter plates are packaged on the outer walls of the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the flow guiding cavity are communicated through the filter plates, electric heating plates are arranged on the outer walls of the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, a wire outlet assembly is connected to the bottom of the middle cylinder, the wire outlet assembly comprises a wire plate with an annular cavity, a wire hole is arranged at the bottom of the annular cavity, and an electric heating ring is arranged at the edge of the wire hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bio-based fiber processing, in particular to a drawing process of high-performance bio-based fiber.
Background
Petroleum-based and coal-based traditional plastics and most of fibers are difficult to degrade in natural environment, and micro-plastics are formed to enter the environment to cause serious pollution, so that more and more countries begin to implement plastic inhibition, and development of biodegradable plastics and fiber products becomes a current trend, and bio-based synthetic fibers are fibers made of polymers containing bio-based source monomers, and become a strategic component of new textile economy and sustainable fashion.
Polylactic acid fiber is a common bio-based fiber material, and polylactic acid has a plurality of outstanding advantages, such as good biocompatibility, degradation products of carbon dioxide and water, no pollution to the environment, and polylactic acid products have good biological degradation, good biocompatibility, good glossiness, transparency, hand feeling and heat resistance, and also have certain bacteria resistance, flame retardance and ultraviolet resistance, so that the polylactic acid fiber has very wide application range.
The polylactic acid fiber is processed in a melt spinning mode, namely, the polylactic acid raw material is heated and melted firstly, and then extruded into filaments at constant temperature, the polylactic acid in the containing cavity is heated unevenly in a traditional heating mode, so that the required heating temperature is generally higher than the set temperature to ensure that the material is completely melted, and the polylactic acid is easily thermally degraded at a higher temperature, and the quality of the nascent fiber is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the following problems in the prior art: the traditional heating mode adopts one-step heating, so that the polylactic acid in the cavity is heated unevenly, the required heating temperature is generally higher than the set temperature to ensure that the material is completely melted, and the polylactic acid is easy to thermally degrade at a higher temperature, so that the quality of the nascent fiber is reduced.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a drawing device for biological fibers, which comprises an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder and an outer cylinder which are concentrically sleeved, wherein a preheating cavity is formed between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, a melting cavity is formed between the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, a flow guiding cavity is formed in the wall of the inner cylinder, filter plates are packaged on the outer walls of the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the flow guiding cavity are communicated through the filter plates, electric heating plates are arranged on the outer walls of the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder, a wire outlet assembly is connected to the bottom of the middle cylinder, the wire outlet assembly comprises a wire plate with an annular inner cavity, a wire hole is formed in the bottom of the annular inner cavity, an electric heating ring is arranged at the edge of the wire hole, the annular inner cavity is communicated with the flow guiding cavity, and the electric heating plates and the electric heating rings are respectively increased in heating temperature of the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the annular inner cavity step by step for hot melting biological base materials at rated temperature.
Preferably, the cross-sectional areas of the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the diversion cavity are sequentially reduced, a larger gap is reserved between the polylactic acid raw materials initially placed in the preheating cavity, the polylactic acid raw materials are gradually changed into a molten state from solid in a conduction mode among the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the diversion cavity, the volume of the polylactic acid raw materials is gradually reduced, and the volumes of the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the diversion cavity are gradually reduced to adapt to the volume change of the polylactic acid, so that more air is prevented from being doped.
Preferably, the top and the bottom of the middle cylinder are rotationally and hermetically connected with the inner cylinder, the bottom of the outer cylinder is rotationally and hermetically connected with the middle cylinder, the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder, a motor is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder is in shaft end transmission connection with the motor, the middle cylinder is driven by the motor to rotate relative to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the movable strength of polylactic acid materials in the preheating cavity and the melting cavity is increased, so that the polylactic acid materials are uniformly heated to rated temperature in the preheating cavity and the melting cavity.
Preferably, the filter plates and the electric heating plates on the outer surfaces of the middle cylinder and the inner cylinder are distributed in a staggered mode, the wire holes at the bottom of the annular inner cavity are distributed in an annular mode, and the electric heating rings are concentrically arranged at the edges of the wire holes, so that polylactic acid materials in the preheating cavity and the melting cavity are further promoted to be heated uniformly.
Preferably, the inner wall of urceolus, the inner wall of well section of thick bamboo all are fixed with the stirring strip, the outer wall of inner tube, the outer wall of well section of thick bamboo are located the filter plate side and are fixed with the fender material strip, keep off material strip and stirring strip clearance fit in the direction of rotation, and under the well section of thick bamboo rotation, make preheat chamber, the inside fender material strip of melting chamber and stirring strip relative rotation for oppression polylactic acid material passes the filter plate and preheats chamber, melting chamber, the conduction of water conservancy diversion intracavity, also be used for stirring simultaneously and preheat chamber, the inside material of melting chamber, improve the heating homogeneity.
Preferably, a charging barrel with an enlarged diameter is fixed at the top of the outer barrel, a feeding cavity is arranged between the charging barrel and the middle barrel, the feeding cavity is communicated with a preheating cavity, an auger is adapted to the inside of the feeding cavity, the auger is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the middle barrel, materials are placed at the top of the feeding cavity, and the rotating auger is used for pressurizing and conducting polylactic acid materials in the feeding cavity to the preheating cavity and also providing power for conducting the polylactic acid materials among the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the diversion cavity.
Preferably, the outer wall of the end opening of the flow guiding cavity is lower than the inner wall, the outer wall of the end opening of the flow guiding cavity and the bottom of the inner wall are respectively connected with an outer flexible layer and an inner flexible layer, an extrusion cavity is formed between the corresponding positions of the outer flexible layer and the outer wall of the end opening of the flow guiding cavity, an opening and closing cavity is formed between the outer flexible layer and the inner flexible layer, the opening and closing cavity is communicated with the annular cavity, a shaft rod is rotated in the inner cylinder, the shaft rod is fixedly connected with the shaft end of a motor, the bottom end of the shaft rod is fixedly provided with a spiral plate, the edge of the spiral plate is in extrusion contact with the inner side of the extrusion cavity, molten polylactic acid enters the extrusion cavity from the flow guiding cavity, the molten polylactic acid fills the extrusion cavity, the inner side of the inner flexible layer is inwards protruded under the pressure effect, the motor drives the shaft rod and the spiral plate to rotate, and the edge of the spiral plate downwards extrudes the surface of the inner flexible layer, so as to drive the molten polylactic acid in the extrusion cavity into the annular cavity of the silk plate.
Preferably, the bottom of screw plate is provided with the square post with one heart, square post and screw plate slip grafting, the bottom of square post is rotated through one-way bearing with the silk board and is connected, when carrying out wire drawing production, the screw plate drives square post and silk board relative rotation, the inside polylactic acid of melting of conduction down of chamber that opens and shuts, when suspending out the silk, motor drive axostylus axostyle, the screw plate, square post limit reversal, square post drive silk board reversal certain angle, the screw plate upwards promotes a section distance with the inside molten polylactic acid of extrusion chamber, outer flexible layer, interior flexible layer twist together under torsion, the chamber that opens and shuts is closed by the extrusion, effectively avoid molten polylactic acid to last the conduction down, also avoid the high Wen Xiangshang conduction in the silk board.
A high-performance wire drawing process using the bio-based fiber wire drawing device comprises the following specific steps:
A. the electric heating plate and the electric heating ring heat the preheating cavity, the melting cavity and the annular cavity in sequence, wherein the temperature in the preheating cavity is 150-156 ℃, the temperature in the melting cavity is 163-170 ℃, and the temperature in the annular cavity is 185-188 ℃;
B. the polylactic acid slice material is added into a feeding cavity, a middle cylinder and an auger are driven by a motor to synchronously rotate, the auger conducts the polylactic acid slice into a preheating cavity, the polylactic acid slice is heated and softened into semi-molten polylactic acid in the preheating cavity, the semi-molten polylactic acid passes through a filter plate and enters a melting cavity, the semi-molten polylactic acid is heated into molten polylactic acid in the melting cavity, and the molten polylactic acid passes through the filter plate and enters a diversion cavity;
C. the molten polylactic acid is guided into the annular cavity along the flow guiding cavity, is heated to an extrusion state through the electric heating ring, and is extruded through the wire holes to form polylactic acid fiber wires.
Compared with the related art, the wire drawing process of the high-performance bio-based fiber has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the polylactic acid raw material is conducted in the preheating cavity, the melting cavity, the flow guiding cavity and the annular cavity with increasing temperature, so that the graded heating of the polylactic acid raw material is realized, the heating temperature is controlled more finely, the thermal degradation of the oligomeric lactic acid is avoided, and the quality of nascent fibers is improved;
2. according to the invention, the middle cylinder is driven to rotate relative to the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the arrangement of the stirring bar and the blocking bar is matched to stir the polylactic acid material in the preheating cavity and the melting cavity, so that the polylactic acid material is heated more uniformly, the rated heating temperature of the lactic acid material in different links is ensured, and the occurrence of thermal degradation is further avoided;
3. the elastic inner flexible layer is adopted as the inner wall of the extrusion cavity, so that the extrusion cavity is expanded inwards when filled with molten polylactic acid, and the molten polylactic acid is rolled downwards under the rotation pushing of the spiral plate for being used for stably supplying pressure to the filament outlet part;
4. according to the invention, the opening and closing cavity formed by the outer flexible layer and the inner flexible layer is closed by screwing the outer flexible layer and the inner flexible layer together by the reverse driving 5 during shutdown, so that continuous downward conduction of molten polylactic acid is effectively avoided, and high Wen Xiangshang conduction in a silk plate and a silk plate is also avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the packing auger mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the communication structure between the preheating chamber and the melting chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inner cylinder inner structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the outer flexible layer and inner flexible layer mounting structure of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the filter plate and the electric heating plate according to the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. an outer cylinder; 2. a middle cylinder; 3. an inner cylinder; 4. a motor; 5. a silk plate; 6. a filter plate; 7. a shaft lever; 8. an electric heating plate; 9. a charging barrel; 10. an auger; 11. a preheating chamber; 13. an outer flexible layer; 14. an inner flexible layer; 15. an opening and closing cavity; 16. an extrusion chamber; 17. a spiral plate; 18. square columns; 19. a stirring bar; 20. a material blocking strip; 21. a melting chamber; 22. a hollow groove; 31. a diversion cavity; 51. an electrically heated ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 3-6, a drawing device for bio-based fibers comprises an inner cylinder 3, a middle cylinder 2 and an outer cylinder 1, wherein the inner cylinder 3, the middle cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, the top and the bottom of the middle cylinder 2 are rotationally connected with the inner cylinder 3 through sealing bearings, the bottom of the outer cylinder 1 is rotationally connected with the middle cylinder 2 through sealing bearings, the outer cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 3, a motor 4 is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder 3, the shaft end of the motor 4 is in transmission connection with the middle cylinder 2 through a belt and a gear set, a preheating cavity 11 is formed between the inner cylinder 3 and the middle cylinder 2, a melting cavity 21 is formed between the middle cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3, a plurality of filter plates 6 are encapsulated in the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 and the middle cylinder 2 at equal angles, a plurality of electric heating plates 8 are installed on the outer wall of the middle cylinder 2 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3 at equal angles, the electric heating plates 8 are staggered with the positions of the filter plates 6, the preheating cavity 11, the melting cavity 21 and the guide plates 31 are communicated through the filter plates 6, a wire outlet assembly comprises a wire plate 5, an annular cavity with a through top surface is formed inside the wire cavity, the annular cavity is distributed in an annular shape, a plurality of annular holes are distributed at the bottom, and a plurality of wire holes are concentrically arranged at the edge of the wire holes 31;
the two groups of electric heating plates 8 are started to heat the temperature inside the preheating cavity 11 to 150-156 ℃, the temperature inside the melting cavity 21 to 163-170 ℃, the temperature inside the annular cavity is heated to 185-188 ℃ through the electric heating ring 51, the polylactic acid raw material is placed inside the preheating cavity 11 from the top of the preheating cavity, the middle cylinder 2 is driven to rotate relative to the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 3 through the motor 4, the polylactic acid raw material is heated to a semi-molten state in the preheating cavity 11 by stirring, then gradually enters the melting cavity 21 through the first filter plate 6 and is heated to a molten state by stirring, the molten polylactic acid raw material enters the guide cavity 31 through the second filter plate 6 and is conducted downwards into the annular cavity, and the molten polylactic acid at the edge of the wire hole is rapidly heated to an extrusion temperature and is rapidly extruded into fiber filaments through the wire hole.
A plurality of empty slots 22 are formed in the middle cylinder, and the empty slots 22 isolate the electric heating plate 8 from the melting cavity 21, so that the temperature conduction influence in the preheating cavity 11 and the melting cavity 21 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, the horizontal cross-sectional areas of the preheating chamber 11, the melting chamber 21 and the diversion chamber 31 are sequentially reduced, and as the polylactic acid raw material initially put into the preheating chamber 11 has a larger gap, the polylactic acid raw material gradually changes from a solid to a molten state in a conduction form among the preheating chamber 11, the melting chamber 21 and the diversion chamber 31, the volumes of the preheating chamber 11, the melting chamber 21 and the diversion chamber 31 are gradually reduced so as to adapt to the volume change of the polylactic acid, and the doping of more air is avoided.
As shown in fig. 6, vertical stirring bars 19 are fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner wall of the middle cylinder 2, vertical blocking bars 20 are fixed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3 and the outer wall of the middle cylinder 2 at the side of the filter plate 6, and the blocking bars 20 and the stirring bars 19 are in clearance fit in the rotation direction, so that the blocking bars 20 and the stirring bars 19 in the preheating cavity 11 and the melting cavity 21 relatively rotate under the rotation of the middle cylinder 2, and are used for pressing polylactic acid materials to pass through the filter plate 6 and conduct in the preheating cavity 11, the melting cavity 21 and the diversion cavity 31, and are also used for stirring materials in the preheating cavity 11 and the melting cavity 21, thereby improving heating uniformity.
As shown in fig. 2, a charging barrel 9 is fixed at the top of the outer barrel 1, the diameter of the charging barrel 9 is larger than that of the outer barrel 1, a charging cavity is formed between the charging barrel 9 and the middle barrel 2, the bottom of the charging cavity is communicated with a preheating cavity 11, a packing auger 10 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the middle barrel 2, and the packing auger 10 is matched with the inner cavity of the charging cavity in size;
the material is placed at the top of the feeding cavity, and the rotating auger 10 is used for pressurizing and conducting the polylactic acid material in the feeding cavity into the preheating cavity 11 and also providing power for conducting the polylactic acid material among the preheating cavity 11, the melting cavity 21 and the diversion cavity 31.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the bottom opening of the diversion cavity 31 is extended downwards excessively, an outer flexible layer 13 is fixed at the extended bottom end, an inner flexible layer 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom opening of the diversion cavity 31, an extrusion cavity 16 is formed between the outer flexible layer 13 and the extended part of the outer wall of the bottom opening of the diversion cavity 31, an opening and closing cavity 15 is formed between the corresponding positions of the outer flexible layer 13 and the inner flexible layer 14, the diversion cavity 31, the extrusion cavity 16, the opening and closing cavity 15 and the annular cavity are vertically communicated, the shaft lever 7 is vertically arranged from the central position of the inner barrel 3, the shaft lever 7 is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the motor 4, a spiral plate 17 is fixed at the bottom end of the shaft lever 7, the edge position of the spiral plate 17 is in extrusion contact with the inner side of the extrusion cavity 16, and the outer flexible layer 13 and the diversion cavity 31 are made of elastic soft rubber;
the molten polylactic acid enters the extrusion cavity 16 from the flow guiding cavity 31, the molten polylactic acid fills the inside of the extrusion cavity 16, the inner side of the inner flexible layer 14 is inwards protruded under the action of pressure, the motor 4 drives the shaft lever 7 and the spiral plate 17 to rotate, the edge of the spiral plate 17 downwards extrudes the surface of the inner flexible layer 14, and the molten polylactic acid in the extrusion cavity 16 is extruded into the annular inner cavity of the filament plate 5, so that the extrusion of the polylactic acid into filaments is realized.
As shown in fig. 4-5, a square column 18 is concentrically connected to the bottom of the spiral plate 17, and the bottom end of the square column 18 is rotatably connected with the filament plate 5 through a one-way bearing;
when wire drawing production is carried out, the spiral plate 17 drives the square column 18 to rotate relative to the wire plate 5, molten polylactic acid is downwards conducted in the opening and closing cavity 15, when wire outlet is suspended, the motor 4 drives the shaft rod 7, the spiral plate 17 and the square column 18 to limit reverse rotation, the square column 18 drives the wire plate 5 to reverse rotation by a certain angle, the spiral plate 17 pushes the molten polylactic acid in the extrusion cavity 16 upwards for a certain distance, the outer flexible layer 13 and the inner flexible layer 14 are twisted together under torsion, the opening and closing cavity 15 is extruded and closed, continuous downwards conduction of the molten polylactic acid is effectively avoided, and high Wen Xiangshang conduction in the wire plate 5 is also avoided;
when the opening and closing cavity 15 is twisted and closed, the outer flexible layer 13 and the inner flexible layer 14 are shortened in the length direction, the square column 18 and the spiral plate 17 are vertically and slidably inserted, and at the moment, the square column 18 pulls the silk plate 5 to move upwards integrally, so that stress generated by torsional deformation of the outer flexible layer 13 and the inner flexible layer 14 is relieved.
A high-performance wire drawing process using the bio-based fiber wire drawing device comprises the following specific steps:
A. the electric heating plate 8 and the electric heating ring 51 heat the preheating cavity 11, the melting cavity 21 and the annular cavity in sequence, the temperature inside the preheating cavity 11 is 150-156 ℃, the temperature inside the melting cavity 21 is 163-170 ℃, and the temperature inside the annular cavity is 185-188 ℃;
B. the polylactic acid slice material is added into a feeding cavity, the middle cylinder 2 and the auger 10 are driven to synchronously rotate by the motor 4, the auger 10 conducts the polylactic acid slice into the preheating cavity 11, the polylactic acid slice is heated and softened into semi-molten polylactic acid in the preheating cavity 11, the semi-molten polylactic acid passes through the filter plate 6 and enters the melting cavity 21, the semi-molten polylactic acid is heated into molten polylactic acid in the melting cavity 21, and the molten polylactic acid passes through the filter plate 6 and enters the diversion cavity 31;
C. the molten polylactic acid is introduced into the annular cavity along the guide chamber 31, heated to an extruded state by the electric heating ring 51, and extruded through the wire holes to form polylactic acid fiber filaments.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a biological fiber drawing device, including concentric sleeve inner tube (3), well section of thick bamboo (2), urceolus (1), its characterized in that, constitute preheating chamber (11) between inner tube (3) and the well section of thick bamboo (2), constitute melting chamber (21) between well section of thick bamboo (2) and the inner tube (3), guide chamber (31) have been seted up in the wall of inner tube (3), filter plate (6) have been packaged to the outer wall of inner tube (3) and well section of thick bamboo (2), preheating chamber (11), melting chamber (21) and guide chamber (31) link up through filter plate (6), electric heating plate (8) are all installed to the outer wall of well section of thick bamboo (2), the outer wall of inner tube (3), the bottom of well section of thick bamboo (2) is connected with out silk subassembly, out silk subassembly including silk board (5) with annular inner chamber, the silk hole has at annular inner chamber bottom, electric heating ring (51) are installed to the edge in silk hole, annular inner chamber intercommunication guide chamber (31), electric heating plate (8), electric heating ring (51) are used for preheating chamber (11), melting chamber (21) and annular inner chamber's heating temperature increase gradually under biological rated heat.
The cross-sectional areas of the preheating cavity (11), the melting cavity (21) and the diversion cavity (31) are sequentially reduced;
the outer wall of water conservancy diversion chamber (31) end mouth is less than the inner wall, and outer wall, the inner wall bottom of water conservancy diversion chamber (31) end mouth are connected with outer flexible layer (13), interior flexible layer (14) respectively, constitute extrusion chamber (16) between the outer wall corresponding position of outer flexible layer (13) and water conservancy diversion chamber (31) end mouth, constitute between outer flexible layer (13) and interior flexible layer (14) and open and shut chamber (15), open and shut chamber (15) intercommunication annular cavity, the inside rotation of inner tube (3) has axostylus axostyle (7), and axostylus axostyle (7) fixed connection motor (4) axle head, axostylus axostyle (7) bottom end mounting has screw plate (17), screw plate (17) edge and extrusion chamber (16) inboard extrusion contact.
2. The device for drawing the bio-based fibers according to claim 1, wherein the top and the bottom of the middle barrel (2) are rotationally and hermetically connected with the inner barrel (3), the bottom of the outer barrel (1) is rotationally and hermetically connected with the middle barrel (2), the outer barrel (1) is fixedly connected with the inner barrel (3), the top of the inner barrel (3) is provided with a motor (4), and the shaft end of the motor (4) is in transmission connection with the middle barrel (2).
3. The device for drawing the bio-based fiber according to claim 2, wherein the filter plates (6) and the electric heating plates (8) on the outer surfaces of the middle cylinder (2) and the inner cylinder (3) are distributed in a staggered manner, the wire holes at the bottom of the annular inner cavity are distributed in an annular manner, and the electric heating rings (51) are concentrically arranged at the edges of the wire holes.
4. The device for drawing the bio-based fibers according to claim 3, wherein a stirring bar (19) is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1) and the inner wall of the middle cylinder (2), a blocking bar (20) is fixed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder (3) and the outer wall of the middle cylinder (2) at the side edge of the filter plate (6), and the blocking bar (20) is in clearance fit with the stirring bar (19) in the rotation direction.
5. The device for drawing the bio-based fibers according to claim 2, wherein a charging barrel (9) with an enlarged diameter is fixed at the top of the outer barrel (1), a feeding cavity is arranged between the charging barrel (9) and the middle barrel (2), the feeding cavity is communicated with a preheating cavity (11), a packing auger (10) is adapted to the inside of the feeding cavity, and the packing auger (10) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the middle barrel (2).
6. The device for drawing the bio-based fiber according to claim 1, wherein square columns (18) are concentrically arranged at the bottom of the spiral plate (17), the square columns (18) are in sliding connection with the spiral plate (17), and the bottoms of the square columns (18) are in rotary connection with the silk plate (5) through unidirectional bearings.
7. A high performance drawing process using the drawing device for biobased fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the specific steps of:
A. the electric heating plate (8) and the electric heating ring (51) heat the preheating cavity (11), the melting cavity (21) and the annular cavity in sequence, the temperature inside the preheating cavity (11) is 150-156 ℃, the temperature inside the melting cavity (21) is 163-170 ℃, and the temperature inside the annular cavity is 185-188 ℃;
B. the polylactic acid slice material is added into a feeding cavity, a middle cylinder (2) and an auger (10) are driven to synchronously rotate by a motor (4), the auger (10) conducts the polylactic acid slice into a preheating cavity (11), the polylactic acid slice is heated and softened into semi-molten polylactic acid in the preheating cavity (11), the semi-molten polylactic acid passes through a filter plate (6) and enters a melting cavity (21), the semi-molten polylactic acid is heated into molten polylactic acid in the melting cavity (21), and the molten polylactic acid passes through the filter plate (6) and enters a diversion cavity (31);
C. the molten polylactic acid is guided into the annular cavity along the flow guiding cavity (31), is heated to an extrusion state by the electric heating ring (51), and is extruded through the wire holes to form polylactic acid fiber wires.
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| CN114775076B true CN114775076B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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