CN114774685A - Method for treating limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag - Google Patents
Method for treating limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN114774685A CN114774685A CN202210435152.9A CN202210435152A CN114774685A CN 114774685 A CN114774685 A CN 114774685A CN 202210435152 A CN202210435152 A CN 202210435152A CN 114774685 A CN114774685 A CN 114774685A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/08—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in rotary furnaces
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating brown iron type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag, which is characterized in that the technical scheme of the invention is applied, drying, crushing, wet grinding and pelletizing are carried out on brown iron type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag, then high-volatile lignite is used as a source of a reducing agent and a heating fuel, magnetization roasting is carried out in a rotary kiln, the discharged roasted ore is subjected to wet low-intensity magnetic separation after being indirectly cooled by air, iron ore concentrate after magnetic separation can be used as a sintering raw material for iron making, resource utilization of a large amount of brown iron type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is realized, and the stockpiling, discharge cost and the influence pressure on the environment of metallurgical slag are reduced. The process has the advantages of simple flow, low energy consumption and carbon emission, easily obtained raw and auxiliary materials, and low price of the high-volatile lignite.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and mineral engineering, relates to the technical field of nickel hydrometallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for treating limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag.
Background
The nickel deposits in the world are mainly divided into nickel sulfide deposits and nickel oxide deposits, wherein nickel in nickel oxide type nickel deposits accounts for 70% of the nickel reserves on land, and the surfaces of the deposits are red due to the oxidation of iron, so the deposits are called laterite-nickel ores. The laterite-nickel ore can be divided into silicon-magnesium type laterite-nickel ore and limonite type laterite-nickel ore according to different chemical components. The silicon-magnesium laterite-nickel ore has high nickel, silicon and magnesium contents and low iron and cobalt contents, and ferronickel or nickel pig iron can be obtained by adopting a pyrometallurgical treatment; the limonite type laterite nickel ore has high contents of iron and cobalt and low contents of nickel and magnesium, and can only be treated by a hydrometallurgical process to generate a nickel sulfide cobalt or nickel hydroxide cobalt intermediate product. However, the nickel reserves of the limonitic laterite nickel ore account for 70 percent of the laterite nickel ore resources, so the development and utilization of the limonitic laterite nickel ore are more and more emphasized.
The common acid leaching hydrometallurgy of limonite type laterite-nickel ore has large smelting slag amount, wherein the iron content is close to 50 percent, and the limonite type laterite-nickel ore mainly exists in the form of hematite. The grade of the iron slag can not reach the metallurgical raw material standard of steel plants, the conventional treatment method is difficult to realize resource utilization, and the conventional treatment method basically adopts damming storage or deep sea discharge at present, so that the resources are wasted, and the environment is easily polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag, and aims to solve the problems that the resource stockpiling waste and the emission influence the environment existing in the hydrometallurgical slag at present.
A treatment method of limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and wet grinding the limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag;
the limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is slag obtained by acid leaching and smelting limonite type laterite-nickel ore, the dry iron content of the slag is 46-50%, and the acid is sulfuric acid.
(2) Adding a binder into the ground slag, and mixing and pelletizing;
the binder is bentonite, and the dry-basis mass ratio of the finely ground hydrometallurgy slag to the binder is 100: 2 to 2.5.
(3) Putting the pellet ore after ball making into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying coal serving as a reducing agent and a heating fuel for magnetizing roasting into the rotary kiln;
the coal is high-volatile lignite, the particle size of the coal is 0-15 mm, and the volatile matter is more than 40%. When the rotary kiln roasting area is used, lignite with high volatile content of 0-15 mm is screened, and pulverized coal with the volatile content of 0-10 mm is dried, ground and sprayed to the front section and the middle section of a rotary kiln roasting area through a burner (the front section of the roasting area is close to the side of a discharge hole of the rotary kiln); and spraying 10-15 mm of granulated coal to the front section and the middle section of the roasting area of the rotary kiln through a spray gun. 0-10 mm of pulverized coal is mainly used as a fuel for controlling the temperature of a kiln, and 10-15 mm of granular coal is mainly used for magnetizing roasting reduction; the dry basis mass ratio of the hydrometallurgy slag to the granulated coal is 100: 2 to 2.5.
(4) The magnetized roasted ore discharged from the rotary kiln enters an indirect cooling device for cooling;
the indirect cooling device is an indirect cooling type air cooler and controls the temperature of the cooled material of the magnetized and roasted ore to be reduced to below 400 ℃.
(5) And (4) feeding the magnetized roasted ore discharged from the indirect cooling device into a magnetic separation device to obtain iron ore concentrate.
The magnetic separation device adopts a wet type low intensity magnetic separation device, and the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after magnetic separation reaches 63-65%.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is dried, crushed, wet-milled and pelletized, then high-volatile lignite is used as a source of a reducing agent and a heating fuel, the lignite is magnetized and roasted in a rotary kiln, the discharged roasted ore is subjected to air indirect cooling and then subjected to wet weak magnetic separation, and iron ore concentrate after magnetic separation can be used as a sintering ironmaking raw material, so that the resource utilization of a large amount of limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is realized, and the stacking, discharge cost and the influence pressure on the environment of the metallurgical slag are reduced. The process has the advantages of simple flow, low energy consumption and carbon emission, easily obtained raw and auxiliary materials, and low price of the high-volatile lignite.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the processing method includes the steps of: (1) drying, crushing and wet grinding the limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag; (2) adding a binder into the ground slag, and mixing and pelletizing; (3) putting the pellet ore after the pellet manufacture into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying coal serving as a reducing agent and a heating fuel for magnetizing roasting into the rotary kiln; (4) the magnetized roasted ore discharged from the rotary kiln enters an indirect cooling device for cooling; (5) and feeding the magnetized roasted ore discharged from the indirect cooling device into a magnetic separation device to obtain iron ore concentrate.
The limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is slag obtained by carrying out sulfuric acid leaching smelting on the limonite type laterite-nickel ore, and the iron content is 46% -50% after drying.
Preferably, the dry-basis mass ratio of the hydrometallurgical slag to the binder is 100: 2 to 2.5.
Preferably, the crushed hydrometallurgical slag and the binder are mixed and pelletized to obtain pellets of 10-20 mm.
Preferably, the magnetizing roasting temperature is 800-850 ℃, the kiln time is 2-2.5 hours, and the kiln discharging temperature is 650-750 ℃.
Preferably, the coal is high-volatile lignite, the particle size is 0-15 mm, and the volatile content is more than 40%.
Preferably, 0-15 mm of high-volatile lignite is screened, and 0-10 mm of pulverized coal is dried, ground and sprayed to the front section and the middle section of a roasting area of the rotary kiln through a burner; and spraying 10-15 mm granular coal to the front section and the middle section of the roasting area of the rotary kiln through a spray gun.
Preferably, 0-10 mm of pulverized coal is mainly used as a fuel for controlling the kiln temperature, 10-15 mm of granulated coal is mainly used for magnetizing roasting reduction, and the dry basis mass ratio of the hydrometallurgy slag to the granulated coal is 100: 2 to 2.5.
Preferably, the mixed pellets perform radiation and convection heat transfer with high-temperature flue gas in the kiln in the process of rolling movement from the kiln inlet end to the kiln outlet end in the rotary kiln, and hydrogen elements and Fe in the granular coal can be generated in the metallurgical roasting area of the rotary kiln2O3Iron element and oxygen element in the coal, and carbon element in the carbon are combined to lead the coal to be fully pyrolyzed, and Fe2O3Is reduced to Fe3O4The process and the water gasification and carbonization process are highly integrated, and the integrated reaction is called shallow hydrometallurgy magnetizing roasting. The temperature in the kiln, the reducing atmosphere and the reducing time are used as three important factors to determine whether the effect of magnetizing roasting is achieved and whether excessive reduction exists.
Preferably, the flue gas discharged by the rotary kiln at 500-600 ℃ enters a hydrometallurgy slag and 0-10 mm high-volatile coal powder dryer to be used as an indirect drying heat source, the temperature of the flue gas can be reduced to 150-200 ℃ after passing through the dryer, and the low-temperature flue gas is purified and then is discharged by a smoke extractor;
preferably, a plurality of kiln back fans are arranged at the front end and the middle end of the rotary kiln, and the kiln back fans supply normal-temperature air into the kiln according to the process requirements, and can be used as combustion-supporting air to regulate the temperature distribution in the kiln and control combustible and reductive gas in the kiln;
preferably, the indirect cooling means is an indirect cooling air cooler, the contact with the air being minimizedAnd the secondary oxidation and demagnetization of the magnetized and roasted ore are prevented, and meanwhile, the residual high-temperature carbon can also play a role in reducing protection. The temperature of the cooled material of the roasted ore is reduced to below 400 ℃, and part of Fe on the surface of the roasted ore meets the air3O4Although oxidized, will convert to ferromagnetic gamma-Fe2O3。
Preferably, hot air at 300-400 ℃ discharged by the indirect cooling device can be introduced into the rotary kiln to serve as secondary combustion-supporting air for pulverized coal combustion, and the heat source is also utilized.
Preferably, the magnetic separation of the cooled roasted ore adopts a wet low-intensity magnetic separator.
Preferably, the iron content of the iron ore concentrate subjected to magnetic separation reaches 63-65%, and the iron ore concentrate can be used as a sintering iron-making raw material.
The method for treating limonitic lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to the examples.
Hydrometallurgical slag used TFe (total iron): 47.3 percent; al (aluminum)2O3：7.9%；MgO：3.2%，CaO：2.1%；SiO2%：3.4%；S：2.6%。
Example 1
Drying, crushing and wet grinding the hydrometallurgy slag, grinding the wet metallurgy slag, and mixing the ground wet metallurgy slag with bentonite according to a dry basis mass ratio of 100: 2.1 mixing and pelletizing (pelletizing diameter is 10-20 mm), then putting the mixed pellets into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying the high-volatile lignite (0-15 mm) into the rotary kiln as a reducing agent (10-15 mm particle coal) and a heating fuel (0-10 mm powder coal) for magnetizing roasting, wherein the dry basis mass ratio of the wet-process metallurgical slag to the 10-15 mm particle coal is 100: 2.5, the kiln temperature of the rotary kiln is 820 ℃, the kiln time is 2 hours, and the temperature of the discharged materials is 680 ℃; and then sending the magnetic roasted ore out of the kiln into an indirect cooling device for cooling, reducing the temperature of the material after the magnetic roasted ore is cooled to be below 400 ℃, and finally carrying out magnetic separation on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a wet type weak magnetic separation device, wherein the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after the magnetic separation reaches 63.1%.
Example 2
Drying, crushing and wet grinding the hydrometallurgy slag, grinding the wet metallurgy slag, and mixing the ground wet metallurgy slag with bentonite according to a dry basis mass ratio of 100: 2.2 mixing and pelletizing (pelletizing diameter is 10-20 mm), then putting the mixed pellets into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying the high-volatile lignite (0-15 mm) into the rotary kiln as a reducing agent (10-15 mm particle coal) and a heating fuel (0-10 mm powder coal) for magnetizing roasting, wherein the dry basis mass ratio of the wet-process metallurgical slag to the 10-15 mm particle coal is 100: 2.4, the kiln temperature of the rotary kiln is 810 ℃, the kiln time is 2 hours and 15 minutes, and the temperature of discharged materials is 670 ℃; and then sending the magnetic roasted ore out of the kiln into an indirect cooling device for cooling, reducing the temperature of the material after the magnetic roasted ore is cooled to be below 400 ℃, and finally carrying out magnetic separation on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a wet type weak magnetic separation device, wherein the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after the magnetic separation reaches 63.8%.
Example 3
Drying, crushing and wet grinding the hydrometallurgy slag, grinding the wet metallurgy slag, and mixing the ground wet metallurgy slag with bentonite according to a dry basis mass ratio of 100: 2.3 mixing and pelletizing (pelletizing diameter is 10-20 mm), then putting the mixed pellets into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying the high-volatile lignite (0-15 mm) into the rotary kiln as a reducing agent (10-15 mm particle coal) and a heating fuel (0-10 mm powder coal) for magnetizing roasting, wherein the dry basis mass ratio of the wet-process metallurgical slag to the 10-15 mm particle coal is 100: 2.3, the kiln temperature of the rotary kiln is 830 ℃, the kiln time is 2 hours and 30 minutes, and the kiln material outlet temperature is 700 ℃; and then sending the magnetic roasted ore out of the kiln into an indirect cooling device for cooling, reducing the temperature of the material after the magnetic roasted ore is cooled to be below 400 ℃, and finally carrying out magnetic separation on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a wet type weak magnetic separation device, wherein the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after the magnetic separation reaches 63.3%.
Example 4
Drying, crushing and wet grinding the hydrometallurgy slag, grinding the wet metallurgy slag, and mixing the ground wet metallurgy slag with bentonite according to a dry basis mass ratio of 100: 2.4 mixing and pelletizing (pelletizing diameter is 10-20 mm), then putting the mixed pellets into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying the high-volatile lignite (0-15 mm) into the rotary kiln as a reducing agent (10-15 mm particle coal) and a heating fuel (0-10 mm powder coal) for magnetizing roasting, wherein the dry basis mass ratio of the wet-process metallurgical slag to the 10-15 mm particle coal is 100: 2.4, the kiln temperature of the rotary kiln is 850 ℃, the kiln time is 2 hours, and the temperature of discharged materials is 750 ℃; and then sending the magnetized roasted ore out of the kiln into an indirect cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the material after the magnetized roasted ore is cooled to be below 400 ℃, and finally carrying out magnetic separation on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a wet type low-intensity magnetic separation device, wherein the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after the magnetic separation reaches 64.1%.
Example 5
Drying, crushing and wet grinding the hydrometallurgy slag, grinding the wet metallurgy slag, and mixing the ground wet metallurgy slag with bentonite according to a dry basis mass ratio of 100: 2.5 mixing and pelletizing (pelletizing diameter is 10-20 mm), then putting the mixed pellets into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying the high-volatile lignite (0-15 mm) into the rotary kiln as a reducing agent (10-15 mm particle coal) and a heating fuel (0-10 mm powder coal) for magnetizing roasting, wherein the dry basis mass ratio of the wet-process metallurgical slag to the 10-15 mm particle coal is 100: 2.5, the temperature of the rotary kiln is 840 ℃, the time of the rotary kiln is 2 hours and 15 minutes, and the temperature of the discharged materials is 670 ℃; and then sending the magnetized roasted ore out of the kiln into an indirect cooling device for cooling, so that the temperature of the material after the magnetized roasted ore is cooled to be below 400 ℃, and finally carrying out magnetic separation on the cooled roasted ore by adopting a wet type low-intensity magnetic separation device, wherein the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after the magnetic separation reaches 64.3%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art, and any modifications, substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for treating limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and wet grinding pretreatment is carried out on limonite type laterite-nickel ore hydrometallurgy slag;
(2) adding a binder into the ground slag, and mixing and pelletizing;
(3) putting the pellet ore after the pellet manufacture into a rotary kiln for magnetizing roasting, and spraying coal serving as a reducing agent and a heating fuel for magnetizing roasting into the rotary kiln;
(4) the magnetized roasted ore discharged from the rotary kiln enters an indirect cooling device for cooling;
(5) and feeding the magnetized roasted ore discharged from the indirect cooling device into a magnetic separation device to obtain iron ore concentrate.
2. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to the claim 1, characterized in that the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag is slag obtained after acid leaching smelting of limonite type lateritic nickel ore, the dry basis iron content of the slag is 46-50%, and the acid used is sulfuric acid.
3. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder is bentonite, and the dry-basis mass ratio of the finely ground hydrometallurgical slag to the binder is 100: 2 to 2.5.
4. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing roasting temperature is 800-850 ℃, the time in a kiln is 2-2.5 hours, and the temperature of discharged materials is 650-750 ℃.
5. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to claim 1, characterized in that the coal is high-volatile lignite, the grain size is 0-15 mm, and the volatile matter is more than 40%.
6. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to the claim 5, characterized in that lignite with high volatile content of 0-15 mm is screened, and pulverized coal with 0-10 mm is dried, ground and sprayed to the front section and the middle section of a roasting area of a rotary kiln through a burner; and spraying 10-15 mm of granulated coal to the front section and the middle section of the roasting area of the rotary kiln through a spray gun.
7. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to claim 6, wherein 0-10 mm of pulverized coal is mainly used as a fuel for controlling the kiln temperature, and 10-15 mm of granular coal is mainly used for magnetizing roasting reduction; the dry basis mass ratio of the hydrometallurgy slag to the granulated coal is 100: 2 to 2.5.
8. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to the claim 1, characterized in that the indirect cooling device is an indirect cooling type air cooler, and the temperature of the cooled material of the magnetized roasted ore is reduced to below 400 ℃.
9. The method for treating the limonite type lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical slag according to claim 1, characterized in that a wet type low intensity magnetic separation device is adopted as the magnetic separation device, and the iron content of the iron ore concentrate after magnetic separation reaches 63-65%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117403057A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method of laterite nickel ore acid leaching slag and active material |
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| CN101338376A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2009-01-07 | 中南大学 | Process for comprehensively developing and utilizing nickel, cobalt, iron and magnesium from laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102345019A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-02-08 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for treating brown iron type laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102851489A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2013-01-02 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for comprehensively recovering valuable metals in limonite type laterite-nickel ore |
| CN111748686A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-09 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Process for producing metallized furnace charge by directly reducing nonferrous smelting slag |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101338376A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2009-01-07 | 中南大学 | Process for comprehensively developing and utilizing nickel, cobalt, iron and magnesium from laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102345019A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-02-08 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for treating brown iron type laterite-nickel ore |
| CN102851489A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2013-01-02 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Method for comprehensively recovering valuable metals in limonite type laterite-nickel ore |
| CN111748686A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-09 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Process for producing metallized furnace charge by directly reducing nonferrous smelting slag |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117403057A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method of laterite nickel ore acid leaching slag and active material |
| CN117403057B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-03-08 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Treatment method of laterite nickel ore acid leaching slag and active material |
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