CN114772987A - Desert sand fiber-sprayed concrete for flexible base surface building composite wall, preparation and construction process of concrete - Google Patents
Desert sand fiber-sprayed concrete for flexible base surface building composite wall, preparation and construction process of concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN114772987A CN114772987A CN202210493512.0A CN202210493512A CN114772987A CN 114772987 A CN114772987 A CN 114772987A CN 202210493512 A CN202210493512 A CN 202210493512A CN 114772987 A CN114772987 A CN 114772987A
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021321 essential mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
- C04B14/068—Specific natural sands, e.g. sea -, beach -, dune - or desert sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/146—Silica fume
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/02—Implements for finishing work on buildings for applying plasticised masses to surfaces, e.g. plastering walls
- E04F21/06—Implements for applying plaster, insulating material, or the like
- E04F21/08—Mechanical implements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The concrete comprises, by mass, 200 parts of water 180-; the method adopts the desert sand as the fine aggregate, adds the plant fiber, and processes the flexible base surface; secondly, before the wall body is sprayed and constructed, the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion is sprayed on the flexible base surface in advance to obtain a bonding protection surface, so that the bonding capability of the concrete and the flexible base surface is improved, in the construction process, the process of small wind pressure and close-range spraying is adopted, the problems that the traditional sprayed concrete is easy to crack, poor in toughness, low in later strength, difficult to bond with a benzene plate effectively and the like can be effectively solved, the application of the sprayed concrete in the building composite wall body is promoted, and the environment is protected, and the saving is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a composite wall of a flexible base surface building, concrete preparation and a construction process thereof.
Background
In recent years, green buildings and fabricated buildings are vigorously developed in China, so that composite walls with the structure and heat preservation integrated characteristic are confronted with new development opportunities. For the composite wall body with the middle inner interlayer of the heat-insulating layer (such as an EPS benzene board heat-insulating layer) and the two sides of the composite wall body with the concrete, the concrete thickness at the two sides is smaller, the difficulty of adopting the traditional formwork pouring process is higher, and the sprayed concrete can be applied to the construction of the inner leaf wall and the outer leaf wall of the composite wall body because the problems can be effectively avoided. However, the traditional sprayed concrete formula and process are mostly used for rigid base surfaces such as tunnels and mines, when the sprayed concrete formula and process are used for spraying flexible base surfaces such as EPS boards, the problems of poor interface bonding performance of concrete and an inner insulating layer, impact damage of the base surfaces of the flexible insulating layers, cracking of walls after forming and the like are easy to occur due to different polarities and rigidity differences of materials and a high-pressure construction mode, and the problems of low later-stage compressive strength and the like of the sprayed concrete generally exist, so that the application and development of the sprayed concrete on composite walls are severely restricted. Therefore, from the aspects of improving the adhesive property of a spraying interface, improving the crack resistance of concrete and the like, the formula and the preparation method of the sprayed concrete suitable for the flexible matrix building composite wall are provided in a targeted manner.
The patent application CN112479650A discloses a desert sand sprayed concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the compressive strength of the desert sand sprayed concrete is correspondingly improved by coordinating the weight of desert sand, machine-made sand and coarse aggregate and the water-to-cement ratio. However, the desert sand sprayed concrete aims at a rigid base surface, and although the strength of the concrete is increased after a proper amount of desert sand is added, the toughness of the concrete is indirectly deteriorated, and cracks are more likely to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the desert sand fiber-sprayed concrete for the composite wall of the flexible base surface building, the concrete preparation and the construction process thereof, wherein firstly, the desert sand is used as fine aggregate, plant fibers are added to treat the flexible base surface, and the construction process is optimized to realize waste utilization; secondly, before the spraying construction of the wall body, the flexible base surface of the EPS board is pre-sprayed, and the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion with both non-polar groups and polar groups is used to obtain a bonding protective surface so as to improve the bonding capability of the concrete and the flexible base surface.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 200 parts of water 180-sand, 400 parts of cement 320-sand, 390 parts of coarse aggregate 346-sand, 540 parts of common sand 495-sand, 121-175.5 parts of desert sand, 1.5-2.5 parts of plant fiber, 64.2-69 parts of fly ash, 42.8-46 parts of silica powder, 17.12-18.4 parts of accelerating agent, 1-1.6 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.28-4.6 parts of water reducing agent.
The common sand adopts washed sand, and the fineness modulus is medium sand of 2.3-3.0.
The coarse aggregate adopts broken stone, the grain diameter is 5-10mm continuous gradation, the content of needle-shaped particles contained in the coarse aggregate is not more than 12.0 percent, the content of mud is not more than 1.0 percent, and the content of mud blocks is not more than 0.5 percent.
The accelerator is an alkali-free accelerator, the initial setting time is not more than 3min, and the final setting time is not more than 12 min.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
The plant fiber is modified corn straw.
The fly ash is F-class I fly ash, and contains more than 70% of glass beads, and the glass beads have complete particles and smooth surfaces.
A preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) 400 parts of cement 320-400, 540 parts of common sand 495-540, 121-175.5 parts of desert sand, 390 parts of coarse aggregate 346-390, 1.5-2.5 parts of plant fiber, 42.8-46 parts of silicon powder and 64.2-69 parts of fly ash are mixed and stirred uniformly at the mixing and stirring speed of 200-300r/min for 2-3 min to obtain fine aggregate;
2) mixing and stirring 390 parts of coarse aggregate 346-sand and the fine aggregate obtained in the step 1) uniformly by mass at the mixing and stirring speed of 200-300r/min for 1-2 min to obtain a base material;
3) uniformly mixing and stirring 4.28-4.6 parts of water reducing agent, 17.12-18.4 parts of accelerating agent and 200 parts of water 180 by mass at the mixing and stirring speed of 20-40r/min for 1-2 min to obtain the additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a stirring device for uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 100-200r/min, and the mixing and stirring time is 2-4 min, so as to obtain the plant fiber desert sand sprayed concrete.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) before spraying concrete, spraying vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance until the sprayed surface is completely wetted;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the next circle is pressed from 1/3 to 1/2 of the previous circle, and the diameter of each winding is 200mm to 300 mm;
3) according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, layered spraying is adopted, and the spraying thickness of the first layer is not more than 200mm-300 mm; the time interval of spraying the second layer is 20-25 min until the second layer reaches the designed thickness, and rebound objects are prevented from being attached to the non-sprayed surface during spraying to influence the binding force of the concrete and the flexible base surface, and the second layer has no dry cracking phenomenon after spraying, is uniformly sprayed and has no cracks;
4) and scraping the surface of the concrete by using a spatula after spraying and before final setting of the concrete.
The construction process comprises the step 3) of spraying in a layered mode, wherein the spraying distance is 0.6-1.2 m, the spraying resilience is less than 7%, the spraying air pressure mainly considers the factors such as the performance of a spraying machine, the mixing proportion of concrete, the temperature and humidity environment on site and the like, the principle of low air pressure close spraying is followed, and the method is used as an empirical judgment index according to the facts that the resilience of the concrete is small, the damage to a flexible base surface is small, and the surface is moist and glossy.
The construction process step 3) is carried out by layered spraying, and the angle between the spray head and the normal line of the composite wallboard of the flexible base surface is not more than 15 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the plant fiber sprayed concrete has the advantages that all raw materials are organically mixed together, and the working performance of the sprayed fine aggregate concrete is better improved.
1. The desert sand is used for replacing part of coarse sand and medium sand in the concrete, so that the desert sand resource is fully utilized, and the construction cost is reduced; the water absorption of the desert sand is enhanced due to the specific particle shape characteristics of the surface of the desert sand, so that the prepared concrete has better cohesive force. When the desert sand substitution rate is ensured to be 20-30%, and the coarse aggregate gradation is good, a compact concrete framework can be formed, the compactness and the strength of the concrete are improved, and the strength of the sprayed concrete is improved.
2. The plant fibers are uniformly added into the concrete, so that the formation of concrete micro cracks is reduced, the development of the micro cracks is hindered, and the fibers which bond with cement after the concrete is solidified become a compact disorderly distributed reticular enhancement system due to the existence of the fibers, so that the toughness and the ductility of the concrete are improved.
3. The added fly ash and silicon powder are two large industrial wastes, the fly ash is an essential mineral admixture for concrete, the environment is polluted, and the health is endangered, but the fly ash is used as the admixture for the concrete, so that the cement consumption is saved, the construction cost is effectively reduced, and the workability of the concrete admixture can be improved; secondly, fly ash and silica powder are added into the sprayed concrete, so that the adhesive force of the concrete can be effectively improved, and the dust amount and the rebound rate are effectively reduced. Not only can solve the problems of land occupation and pollution caused by accumulation, but also has good social and economic benefits.
4. The construction process of the invention firstly carries out pretreatment on the composite wall of the flexible base surface of the EPS board, and the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion with both nonpolar groups and polar groups is pre-sprayed to obtain a bonding protection surface so as to improve the bonding capability of the concrete and the flexible base surface.
5. The preparation method is simple, has low requirements on material equipment, and is suitable for large-scale popularization in village and town areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic S-shaped spray for the concrete spraying process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the spiral spray of the concrete spray process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
The desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 180 parts of water, 363.8 parts of cement, 389.5 parts of coarse aggregate, 540 parts of common sand, 121 parts of desert sand, 1.5 parts of plant fiber, 64.20 parts of fly ash, 42.8 parts of silicon powder, 17.12 parts of an accelerator, 1 part of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.28 parts of a water reducing agent;
a preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) 363.8 parts of cement, 540 parts of common sand, 121 parts of desert sand, 64.20 parts of fly ash, 42.8 parts of silicon powder and 1.5 parts of plant fiber are weighed and added into a mixing stirrer to be uniformly stirred, the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 200r/min, and the stirring time is 2 min;
2) weighing 389.5 parts of coarse aggregate, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 200r/min, and stirring for 1min to obtain a base material;
3) weighing 17.12 parts of accelerator, 4.28 parts of water reducer and 180 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and stirring at the speed of 20r/min for 1min to obtain an additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a mixing stirrer, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 300r/min, stirring for 2min, and obtaining the plant fiber desert sand sprayed concrete after stirring.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 1 part by mass of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and spraying the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance until the sprayed surface is completely wetted before concrete spraying construction;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the next circle is pressed 1/3 of the previous circle, and the diameter of the winding circle is 200 mm; referring to fig. 1 and 2, the numbers in fig. 1 represent the spraying sequence;
3) according to the regulation of technical regulations for concrete spraying application, layered spraying is adopted, the spraying distance is 0.6m, the angle between a spray head and the normal line of the composite wall board of the flexible base surface is 15 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 200mm, the second spraying is carried out at the interval of 20min, and the second spraying directly reaches the designed thickness;
4) after spraying, the surface of the concrete is scraped by a spatula before the sprayed concrete is finally set; after the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
Example 2
The desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 185.5 parts of water, 377.4 parts of cement, 346.2 parts of coarse aggregate, 495 parts of common sand, 138.6 parts of desert sand, 2 parts of plant fiber, 66.6 parts of fly ash, 43.2 parts of silicon powder, 17.76 parts of accelerating agent, 1.1 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.44 parts of water reducing agent;
a preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 377.4 parts of cement, 495 parts of common sand, 138.6 parts of desert sand, 66.6 parts of fly ash, 43.2 parts of silicon powder and 2 parts of plant fiber, adding the materials into a mixing stirrer, and uniformly stirring, wherein the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 260r/min, and the stirring time is 3 min;
2) weighing 368 parts of coarse aggregate, controlling the rotating speed of a mixing stirrer to be 260r/min, and stirring for 1min to obtain a base material;
3) weighing 18.4 parts of accelerator, 4.60 parts of water reducer and 200 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and stirring at the speed of 30r/min for 2min to obtain an additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a mixing stirrer, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 350r/min, stirring for 3min, and obtaining the plant fiber desert sand sprayed concrete after stirring.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 1.1 parts by mass of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and spraying the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance before concrete spraying construction until the sprayed surface is completely wetted;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for spraying concrete, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the former 1/2 is pressed by the latter circle, and the diameter of the winding circle is 240 mm;
3) according to the regulation of technical regulations for concrete spraying application, layered spraying is adopted, the spraying distance is 0.8m, the angle between a spray head and the normal line of the composite wall board of the flexible base surface is 13 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 210mm, the second spraying is carried out at the interval of 21min, and the second spraying directly reaches the design thickness;
4) after spraying, the surface of the sprayed concrete is scraped by a spatula before final setting of the sprayed concrete; after the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
Example 3
The desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 200 parts of water, 391 parts of cement, 368 parts of coarse aggregate, 517.5 parts of common sand, 175.4 parts of desert sand, 2.5 parts of plant fiber, 69 parts of fly ash, 42.8 parts of silicon powder, 18.4 parts of accelerator, 1.2 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.60 parts of water reducer;
a preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 391 parts of cement, 517.5 parts of common sand, 175.4 parts of desert sand, 69 parts of fly ash, 42.8 parts of silica powder and 2.5 parts of plant fiber, adding into a mixing stirrer, stirring uniformly, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 260r/min, and stirring for 3 min;
2) weighing 368 parts of coarse aggregate, controlling the rotating speed of a mixing stirrer to be 260r/min, and stirring for 2min to obtain a base material;
3) weighing 18.4 parts of accelerator, 4.60 parts of water reducer and 200 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and stirring at the speed of 30r/min for 1min to obtain an additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a mixing stirrer, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 350r/min, stirring for 3min, and obtaining the plant fiber desert sand shotcrete after stirring.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 1.2 parts by mass of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and spraying the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance before concrete spraying construction until the sprayed surface is completely wetted;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the former circle of 1/3 is pressed by the latter circle, and the diameter of the winding circle is 260 mm;
3) according to the regulation of technical regulations for concrete spraying application, layered spraying is adopted, the spraying distance is 1m, the angle between a spray head and the normal line of the composite wall board of the flexible base surface is 12 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 220mm, the second spraying is carried out at an interval of 22min, and the second spraying directly reaches the designed thickness;
4) after spraying, the surface of the concrete is scraped by a spatula before the sprayed concrete is finally set; after the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
Example 4
The desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 180 parts of water, 321 parts of cement, 389.5 parts of coarse aggregate, 540 parts of common sand, 121 parts of desert sand, 1.5 parts of plant fiber, 64.2 parts of fly ash, 42.8 parts of silicon powder, 17.12 parts of accelerating agent, 1.4 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.28 parts of water reducing agent;
a preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) 321 parts of cement, 540 parts of common sand, 121 parts of desert sand, 64.2 parts of fly ash, 42.8 parts of silicon powder and 1.5 parts of modified plant fiber are weighed and added into a mixing stirrer to be uniformly stirred, the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 280r/min, and the stirring time is 2 min;
2) 389.5 parts of coarse aggregate are weighed, the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 280r/min, and the stirring time is 1min, so that a base material is obtained;
3) weighing 17.12 parts of accelerator, 4.28 parts of water reducer and 180 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and stirring at the speed of 25r/min for 1min to obtain an additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a mixing stirrer, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 360r/min, stirring for 2min, and obtaining the plant fiber desert sand shotcrete after stirring.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 1.3 parts by mass of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and spraying the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance until the sprayed surface is completely wetted before concrete spraying construction;
2) according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, the moving track of the spray head is in an S shape or a spiral shape and moves from bottom to top, the former circle is pressed by the latter circle 1/2, and the diameter of the winding is 280 mm;
3) according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, layered spraying is adopted, the spraying distance is 1m, the angle between a spray head and the normal line of the composite wallboard of the flexible base surface is 13 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 230mm, the second spraying is carried out at the interval of 23min, and the second spraying directly reaches the design thickness;
4) after spraying, the surface of the sprayed concrete is scraped by a spatula before final setting of the sprayed concrete; after the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
Example 5
The desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 185.5 parts of water, 333 parts of cement, 346.2 parts of coarse aggregate, 495 parts of common sand, 138.6 parts of desert sand, 2 parts of plant fiber, 66.6 parts of fly ash, 44.4 parts of silicon powder, 17.76 parts of accelerator, 1.3 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.44 parts of water reducer;
a preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 333 parts of cement, 495 parts of common sand, 138.6 parts of desert sand, 66.6 parts of fly ash, 44.4 parts of silicon powder and 2 parts of plant fiber, adding into a mixing stirrer, and uniformly stirring, wherein the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 300r/min, and the stirring time is 3 min;
2) weighing 346.2 parts of coarse aggregate, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 280r/min, and stirring for 2min to obtain a base material;
3) weighing 17.76 parts of accelerator, 4.44 parts of water reducer and 185.5 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and stirring at the speed of 30r/min for 1min to obtain an additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a mixing stirrer, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 380r/min, stirring for 3min, and obtaining the plant fiber desert sand sprayed concrete after stirring.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 1.4 parts by mass of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and spraying the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance before concrete spraying construction until the sprayed surface is completely wetted;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for spraying concrete, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the former circle of 1/3 is pressed by the latter circle, and the diameter of the winding circle is 300 mm;
3) the spraying distance is 1.2m, the angle between the spray head and the normal line of the composite wallboard of the flexible base surface is 13 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 240mm, the second spraying is carried out at an interval of 24min, and the second spraying directly reaches the design thickness;
4) after spraying, the surface of the sprayed concrete is scraped by a spatula before final setting of the sprayed concrete; after the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
Example 6
The desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for the flexible base surface comprises the following components in parts by mass: 200 parts of water, 345 parts of cement, 368 parts of coarse aggregate, 517.5 parts of common sand, 175.4 parts of desert sand, 2.5 parts of plant fiber and plant fiber, 69 parts of fly ash, 46 parts of silicon powder, 18.4 parts of accelerator, 1.6 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.60 parts of water reducer;
a preparation method of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete for a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 345 parts of cement, 517.5 parts of common sand, 175.4 parts of desert sand, 69 parts of fly ash, 46 parts of silicon powder and 2.5 parts of modified plant fiber, adding into a mixing stirrer, and uniformly stirring, wherein the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled at 280r/min, and the stirring time is 3 min;
2) weighing 368 parts of coarse aggregate, controlling the rotating speed of a mixing stirrer to be 280r/min, and stirring for 2min to obtain a base material;
3) weighing 18.4 parts of accelerator, 4.60 parts of water reducer and 200 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and stirring at the speed of 35r/min for 2min to obtain an additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a mixing stirrer, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 400r/min, stirring for 2min, and obtaining the plant fiber desert sand sprayed concrete after stirring.
A construction process of desert sand fiber sprayed concrete of a flexible base surface specifically comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 1.6 parts by mass of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and spraying the vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance until the sprayed surface is completely wetted before concrete spraying construction;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for spraying concrete, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the former circle of the spray head is pressed by the latter circle of the spray head 1/2, and the diameter of the winding circle is 230 mm;
3) the spraying distance is 1.4m, the angle between the spray head and the normal line of the composite wall board of the flexible base surface is 15 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 300mm, the second spraying is carried out at an interval of 25min, and the second spraying directly reaches the designed thickness.
4) After spraying, the surface of the concrete is scraped by a spatula before the sprayed concrete is finally set; after the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
Comparative example 1:
363.8 parts of cement, 540 parts of common sand, 121 parts of desert sand and 64.20 parts of fly ash are weighed and added into a mixing stirrer to be uniformly stirred, the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 280r/min, and the stirring time is 3 min.
389.5 parts of coarse aggregate are weighed, the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer is controlled to be 280r/min, and the stirring time is 2 min.
Weighing 17.12 parts of accelerator, 4.28 parts of water reducer and 180 parts of water, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain an aqueous raw material, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 35r/min, and the stirring time is 2 min. Wherein the accelerator is an alkali-free accelerator, the initial setting time is not more than 3min, and the final setting time is not more than 12 min; .
Adding the aqueous raw material into a mixing stirrer filled with solid raw materials, controlling the rotating speed of the mixing stirrer to be 400r/min, stirring for 2min, and obtaining the sprayed concrete after stirring.
Before the concrete spraying construction, the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall is wetted by water.
The regulations of sprayed concrete application technical rules of spraying construction follow the basic principle of division, segmentation, blocking and then from bottom to top. Meanwhile, the moving track of the spray head should move in a spiral shape or an S shape.
The spraying distance is 0.6m, the angle between the spray head and the normal line of the composite wall board of the flexible base surface is not more than 15 degrees, the first spraying thickness is 300mm-400mm, and the second spraying thickness is up to the design thickness.
After spraying, the concrete surface should be screeded with a spatula before the sprayed concrete sets.
After the spraying construction is finished, before the sprayed layer is not completely solidified, vibration is forbidden near the spraying section so as to prevent the sprayed layer from falling off.
The concrete of examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 was subjected to performance tests, which included the following items: slump compression strength, breaking strength and rebound resilience. The results are reported in the table below.
The test method is as follows:
1. slump: the slump is detected according to GB/T50080-2016 Standard for Performance test method of common concrete mixtures.
2. Compressive strength: the compressive strength was measured according to the method of appendix C of JGJ/T372-2016 sprayed concrete application Specification on day 7 and day 28.
3. The rebound resilience: the amount of concrete rebounded from a position 1m away from the sprayed surface of the nozzle is measured, and the rebound rate is equal to the rebound amount/the total sprayed amount multiplied by 100 percent.
4. Breaking strength: the flexural strength of the concrete was measured on day 7 and day 28 according to the method of appendix C of JGJ/T372-2016 sprayed concrete application Specification.
And (3) performance test results:
from the above table, it can be seen that, compared with comparative example 1 without blending desert sand, plant fiber and silicon powder, in examples 1 to 6, the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the plant fiber desert sand shotcrete test block are obviously improved compared with those of common shotcrete, and the test block has lower rebound rate. And secondly, the desert sand and the modified plant fiber are reasonably added into the sprayed concrete, so that the desert sand plant fiber sprayed concrete meeting engineering requirements can be prepared, and the desert sand plant fiber sprayed concrete has important practical significance for reducing engineering cost and developing natural resources.
Claims (10)
1. A desert sand fiber shotcrete for flexible base surface is characterized in that: the adhesive comprises the following components in parts by mass: 200 parts of water 180-sand, 400 parts of cement 320-sand, 390 parts of coarse aggregate 346-sand, 540 parts of common sand 495-sand, 121-175.5 parts of desert sand, 1.5-2.5 parts of plant fiber, 64.2-69 parts of fly ash, 42.8-46 parts of silica powder, 17.12-18.4 parts of accelerator, 1-1.6 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and 4.28-4.6 parts of water reducer.
2. The desert sand fiber shotcrete for flexible base as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the common sand adopts washed sand, and the fineness modulus of the medium sand is 2.3-3.0; the coarse aggregate adopts broken stone, the grain diameter is 5-10mm continuous gradation, the content of needle-shaped particles contained in the coarse aggregate is not more than 12.0 percent, the content of mud is not more than 1.0 percent, and the content of mud blocks is not more than 0.5 percent.
3. The desert sand fiber shotcrete for flexible base as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the quick-setting admixture is an alkali-free quick-setting admixture, the initial setting time is not more than 3min, and the final setting time is not more than 12 min.
4. The desert sand fiber shotcrete for flexible floors as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
5. The desert sand fiber shotcrete for flexible base as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber is modified corn straw.
6. The desert sand fiber shotcrete for flexible base as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fly ash is F class I fly ash, and contains more than 70% of glass beads, and the glass beads have complete particles and smooth surfaces.
7. The preparation method of concrete based on any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
1) 400 parts of cement 320-400, 540 parts of common sand 495-540, 121-175.5 parts of desert sand, 390 parts of coarse aggregate 346-390, 1.5-2.5 parts of plant fiber, 42.8-46 parts of silicon powder and 64.2-69 parts of fly ash are mixed and stirred uniformly at the mixing and stirring speed of 200-300r/min for 2-3 min to obtain fine aggregate;
2) uniformly mixing and stirring 390 parts of coarse aggregate 346-390 parts by mass and the fine aggregate obtained in the step 1), wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 200-300r/min, and the mixing and stirring time is 1-2 min, so as to obtain a base material;
3) uniformly mixing and stirring 4.28-4.6 parts of water reducing agent, 17.12-18.4 parts of accelerating agent and 200 parts of water 180 by mass at the mixing and stirring speed of 20-40r/min for 1-2 min to obtain the additive;
4) and (3) sequentially adding the base material obtained in the step 2) and the additive obtained in the step 3) into a stirring device for uniformly stirring, wherein the mixing and stirring speed is 100-200r/min, and the mixing and stirring time is 2-4 min, so as to obtain the plant fiber desert sand sprayed concrete.
8. The construction process based on any one of the concrete of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
1) before spraying concrete, spraying vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion on the sprayed surface of the flexible matrix building composite wall in advance until the sprayed surface is completely wetted;
2) spraying the prepared concrete on a flexible base surface according to the regulation of technical regulations for spraying concrete, wherein the moving track of a spray head moves from bottom to top in an S shape or a spiral shape, the former circle is pressed by the latter circle from 1/3 to 1/2, and the diameter of the winding circle is 200mm to 300 mm;
3) according to the regulation of technical regulations for sprayed concrete application, layered spraying is adopted, and the spraying thickness of the first layer is not more than 200mm-300 mm; the time interval of spraying the second layer is 20-25 min until the second layer reaches the designed thickness, and rebound objects are prevented from being attached to the non-sprayed surface during spraying to influence the binding force of the concrete and the flexible base surface, and the second layer has no dry cracking phenomenon after spraying, is uniformly sprayed and has no cracks;
4) and scraping the surface of the concrete by using a spatula after spraying and before final setting of the concrete.
9. The concrete construction process according to claim 8, wherein: the construction process comprises the step 3) of spraying in layers, wherein the spraying distance is 0.6-1.2 m, the spraying resilience is less than 7%, the spraying wind pressure mainly considers the factors such as the performance of a spraying machine, the mix proportion of concrete, the field temperature and humidity environment and the like, the principle of low wind pressure and short distance spraying is followed, and the method is used as an empirical judgment index according to the small resilience of the concrete, the small damage to the flexible base surface and the wet and glossy surface.
10. The concrete construction process according to claim 8, wherein: the construction process step 3) is carried out by layered spraying, and the angle between the spray head and the normal line of the composite wallboard of the flexible base surface is not more than 15 degrees.
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