CN114772845A - Method for ecological purification of river - Google Patents
Method for ecological purification of river Download PDFInfo
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- CN114772845A CN114772845A CN202210359031.0A CN202210359031A CN114772845A CN 114772845 A CN114772845 A CN 114772845A CN 202210359031 A CN202210359031 A CN 202210359031A CN 114772845 A CN114772845 A CN 114772845A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 hydroxyl activated zeolite Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000007769 Vetiveria zizanioides Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000218666 Metasequoia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007695 Nandina domestica Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000906054 Loropetalum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000003187 Juncus effusus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010624 Medicago sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 244000020191 Salix babylonica Species 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000721662 Juniperus Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/186—Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3028—Granulating, agglomerating or aggregating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/003—Downstream control, i.e. outlet monitoring, e.g. to check the treating agents, such as halogens or ozone, leaving the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for ecologically purifying rivers, which comprises the following steps: (1) observing the ecological environment at two sides of the river, and arranging plant forests for fixing sand and buffering at positions, close to the turbulent position of water flow, at two sides of a river bank; (2) detecting the water quality of the river, arranging an interception net at the upstream of an area with serious water pollution of the river, and adsorbing a large amount of pollutant purification materials on the interception net; (3) a fishpond ecological chain is arranged at the downstream of the interception net, so that the further purification of the river pollution is realized; (4) communicating the marsh or wetland close to the polluted river channel with the river channel, so that the river channel water flow is blocked by the terrain, and the speed of the water flow is delayed; (5) and a river sewage monitoring point is arranged at the downstream of the water flow to detect whether the water quality of the river reaches the standard, and if the water quality of the river does not reach the standard, the interception net needs to be arranged again, so that the water quality purification is completed again. The ecological purification method realizes the ecological purification of rivers after the planting, the fishpond and the shoal are combined together.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological purification, in particular to a method for ecological purification of rivers.
Background
The apparent character of polluted rivers, namely black and odorous, is mainly caused by the enrichment of a large amount of nutrients input from the outside in a water body, a large amount of pollutants are deposited to form sludge, the pollutants in the water body consume dissolved oxygen in the water body, a large amount of aerobic water organisms begin to die, anaerobic microorganism populations are very active, odor such as hydrogen sulfide and a plurality of black metal sulfides are generated, an original ecological system in a river channel is damaged and gradually worsened, and finally, the river loses self-purification capacity and gradually becomes black and odorous. The influence factors of the treatment of the black and odorous rivers are numerous, and the treatment difficulty is high, so that the treatment method becomes a great problem which puzzles the urban ecological environment.
In the prior art, the water quality condition of the river is usually improved by adopting a physical or chemical method or by adopting water change, but at the present day of water resource shortage, the method can only temporarily relieve the deterioration of the water quality and is not beneficial to the sustainable development of the river water quality environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for ecologically purifying rivers.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for ecological purification of rivers, comprising the steps of:
(1) observing the ecological environment at two sides of the river, and arranging plant forests for fixing sand and buffering at positions, close to the positions where water flow is turbulent, at two sides of a river bank;
(2) detecting the water quality of the river, arranging an interception net at the upstream of an area with serious water pollution of the river, and adsorbing a large amount of pollutant purification materials on the interception net;
(3) a fishpond ecological chain is arranged at the downstream of the interception net, so that the further purification of the river pollution is realized;
(4) communicating marsh or wetland close to the polluted river channel with the river channel, so that river channel water flow is obstructed by the terrain, and the speed of the water flow is delayed;
(5) a river sewage monitoring point is arranged at the downstream of the water flow to detect whether the water quality of the river reaches the standard, and if the water quality of the river does not reach the standard, the intercepting net needs to be arranged again, so that the water quality purification is completed again,
Preferably, the plant forest for sand fixation and buffering in the step (1) comprises any combination of metasequoia, weeping willow, slash pine, red flower juniper, nandina, juncus effuses, alfalfa and vetiver grass.
Preferably, in the step (1), the plant forest is arranged in a closed area with a narrow river bank.
Preferably, in the step (2), the intercepting net is prepared by using a modified nylon material, and the modified nylon material is prepared by compounding a nylon material and a pollutant purifying material.
Preferably, in step (3), the ecological chain of the fish pond comprises a complete ecological fish pond system, that is, the ecological fish pond system comprises: producers, consumers and decomposers, the producers are aquatic plants on the upper layer of the water body, the consumers are fishes and other aquatic animals in the water body, and the decomposers comprise beneficial bacteria.
Preferably, in step (3), the beneficial bacteria include photosynthetic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.
Preferably, in the step (4), the river is drained to a marsh or wetland and then is made to stay in a complex terrain, so that the river is given a purification time, and pollutants in the river can be purified by a microbial environment.
Preferably, the preparation method of the pollutant purifying material comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing zeolite powder in distilled water, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 11.0-12.0, stirring at 50-60 ℃ for 3-5 hours, filtering, and drying to obtain hydroxyl activated zeolite powder;
s2, mixing bismuth nitrate and ammonium metavanadate into a nitric acid solution, stirring until the bismuth nitrate and the ammonium metavanadate are completely dissolved, adding hydroxyl activated zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and pouring into a reaction kettle; wherein the molar ratio of bismuth nitrate to ammonium metavanadate is 1: 1.1-1.2, and the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 25-30%;
s3, treating the reaction kettle at 65-75 ℃ for 8-12 h, filtering out solids after the reaction is finished, washing with acetone, and drying to obtain a pollutant purification material;
preferably, the preparation method of the modified nylon material comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the nylon 6 resin material in a high-speed stirrer, heating to completely melt, adding the pollutant purification material, stirring and mixing uniformly, then introducing into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the modified nylon material.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the nylon 6 resin material to the pollutant purification material is 10: 1-3.
Preferably, the melting temperature is 245-255 ℃, and the extrusion granulation temperature is 240-250 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a method capable of ecologically purifying river water quality, which realizes ecological purification of rivers after planting, a fishpond and a shoal are combined together.
The method mainly comprises three main aspects: the first aspect is that plant forests are planted on both banks of the river, so that wind prevention and sand fixation are achieved, and meanwhile, erosion of pollutants on both banks of the river to the river can be filtered and intercepted; the second aspect is that an interception net is arranged at a position with serious pollution at the upstream of a river, the interception net is used for intercepting partial solid garbage and purifying organic pollutants, a fish pond is arranged below the interception net, and a fish pond ecological system is established, so that redundant nutrient substances in the river can be further utilized during cultivation, and reasonable ecological purification is realized; in a third aspect, a shoal area (such as a marsh or wetland) near a river is surveyed to partially drain the river to the shoal area, and the natural geographical advantages of the shoal area are utilized to slow down the flow rate of the river and enrich the shoal area with aquatic plants and microorganisms, so that the river can be further purified.
The interception net is different from the conventional interception net, the material with pollutant purification is prepared, the material with pollutant purification is a photocatalytic material, intercepted organic impurities can be catalytically degraded under the condition of illumination, so that purification is completed, and the generated nutrient substances which can be utilized by a downstream fishpond, so that an ecological chain is formed.
The interception net material is a modified nylon material, is prepared by compounding a nylon material and a pollutant purification material, has high mechanical strength and good toughness, can better exist in water, and the pollutant purification material added in the interception net material is a bismuth vanadate/zeolite composite material. Meanwhile, the composite material is added into nylon, and the mechanical property of the nylon material is also improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
A method for ecological purification of rivers, comprising the steps of:
(1) observing the ecological environment at two sides of the river, and arranging plant forests for fixing sand and buffering in a narrow closed area close to the position where water flow is turbulent at two sides of a river bank; the plant forest for fixing sand and buffering comprises metasequoia, weeping willow, slash pine and vetiver;
(2) detecting the water quality of the river, arranging an interception net at the upstream of an area with serious water pollution of the river, wherein the interception net is prepared by using a modified nylon material, the modified nylon material is prepared by compounding a nylon material and a pollutant purification material, and a large amount of pollutant purification material is adsorbed on the interception net;
(3) a fish pond ecological chain is arranged at the downstream of the interception net, and comprises a complete ecological fish pond system, namely: the water purification system comprises a producer, a consumer and a decomposer, wherein the producer is an aquatic plant on the upper layer of a water body, the consumer is fish and other aquatic animals in the water body, the decomposer comprises beneficial bacteria, and the beneficial bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria and nitrobacteria, so that the further purification of the river pollution is realized;
(4) communicating marsh or wetland close to the polluted river channel with the river channel, so that river channel water flow is obstructed by the terrain, and the speed of the water flow is delayed; after the river is drained to the marsh or the wetland, the river is retained in a complex terrain, so that the river is given a purification time, and pollutants in the river can be purified by a microbial environment;
(5) a river sewage monitoring point is arranged at the downstream of the water flow to detect whether the water quality of the river reaches the standard, and if the water quality of the river does not reach the standard, the intercepting net needs to be arranged again, so that the water quality purification is completed again,
The preparation method of the pollutant purification material comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing zeolite powder in distilled water, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 11.0-12.0, stirring at 55 ℃ for 4 hours, filtering, and drying to obtain hydroxyl activated zeolite powder;
s2, mixing bismuth nitrate and ammonium metavanadate into a nitric acid solution, stirring until the bismuth nitrate and the ammonium metavanadate are completely dissolved, adding hydroxyl activated zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and pouring into a reaction kettle; wherein the molar ratio of bismuth nitrate to ammonium metavanadate is 1:1.2, and the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 30%;
s3, treating the reaction kettle at 70 ℃ for 10 hours, filtering out solids after the reaction is finished, washing with acetone, and drying to obtain a pollutant purification material;
the preparation method of the modified nylon material comprises the following steps:
putting a nylon 6 resin material into a high-speed stirrer, wherein the weight ratio of the nylon 6 resin material to the pollutant purifying material is 10:2, heating to 250 ℃, completely melting, adding the pollutant purifying material, uniformly stirring and mixing, introducing into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 240 ℃ to obtain the modified nylon material.
Example 2
A method for ecological purification of rivers, comprising the following steps:
(1) observing the ecological environment at two sides of the river, and arranging plant forests for fixing sand and buffering in narrow closed areas close to the positions where water flow is turbulent at two sides of a river bank; the plant forest for fixing sand and buffering comprises weeping willow, red flower loropetalum, nandina domestica and juncus effuses;
(2) detecting the water quality of a river, arranging an interception net at the upstream of an area with serious water pollution of the river, wherein the interception net is prepared by using a modified nylon material, the modified nylon material is prepared by compounding a nylon material and a pollutant purification material, and a large amount of pollutant purification material is adsorbed on the interception net;
(3) a fishpond ecological chain is arranged at the downstream of the interception net and comprises a complete ecological fishpond system, namely: the system comprises a producer, a consumer and a decomposer, wherein the producer is an aquatic plant on the upper layer of a water body, the consumer is fish and other aquatic animals in the water body, the decomposer comprises beneficial bacteria, and the beneficial bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria and nitrobacteria, so that the further purification of the river pollution is realized;
(4) communicating the marsh or wetland close to the polluted river channel with the river channel, so that the river channel water flow is blocked by the terrain, and the speed of the water flow is delayed; after the river is drained to the marsh or the wetland, the river is retained in a complex terrain, so that the river is given a purification time, and pollutants in the river can be purified by a microbial environment;
(5) a river sewage monitoring point is arranged at the downstream of the water flow to detect whether the water quality of the river reaches the standard, and if the water quality of the river does not reach the standard, the intercepting net needs to be arranged again, so that the water quality purification is completed again,
The preparation method of the pollutant purification material comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing zeolite powder in distilled water, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 11.0-12.0, stirring at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, filtering, and drying to obtain hydroxyl activated zeolite powder;
s2, mixing bismuth nitrate and ammonium metavanadate into a nitric acid solution, stirring until the bismuth nitrate and the ammonium metavanadate are completely dissolved, adding hydroxyl activated zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and pouring into a reaction kettle; wherein the molar ratio of the bismuth nitrate to the ammonium metavanadate is 1:1.1, and the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 25%;
s3, treating the reaction kettle at 65 ℃ for 8 hours, filtering out solids after the reaction is finished, washing with acetone, and drying to obtain a pollutant purification material;
the preparation method of the modified nylon material comprises the following steps:
putting a nylon 6 resin material into a high-speed stirrer, wherein the weight ratio of the nylon 6 resin material to the pollutant purifying material is 10:1, heating to 245 ℃ to completely melt, adding the pollutant purifying material, uniformly stirring and mixing, then introducing into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 240 ℃ to obtain the modified nylon material.
Example 3
A method for ecological purification of rivers, comprising the following steps:
(1) observing the ecological environment at two sides of the river, and arranging plant forests for fixing sand and buffering in narrow closed areas close to the positions where water flow is turbulent at two sides of a river bank; the plant forest for fixing sand and buffering comprises metasequoia, weeping willow, rush, alfalfa and vetiver;
(2) detecting the water quality of a river, arranging an interception net at the upstream of an area with serious water pollution of the river, wherein the interception net is prepared by using a modified nylon material, the modified nylon material is prepared by compounding a nylon material and a pollutant purification material, and a large amount of pollutant purification material is adsorbed on the interception net;
(3) a fishpond ecological chain is arranged at the downstream of the interception net and comprises a complete ecological fishpond system, namely: the water purification system comprises a producer, a consumer and a decomposer, wherein the producer is an aquatic plant on the upper layer of a water body, the consumer is fish and other aquatic animals in the water body, the decomposer comprises beneficial bacteria, and the beneficial bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria and nitrobacteria, so that the further purification of the river pollution is realized;
(4) communicating the marsh or wetland close to the polluted river channel with the river channel, so that the river channel water flow is blocked by the terrain, and the speed of the water flow is delayed; after the river is drained to the marsh or the wetland, the river is retained in a complex terrain, so that the river is given a purification time, and pollutants in the river can be purified by a microbial environment;
(5) a river sewage monitoring point is arranged at the downstream of the water flow to detect whether the water quality of the river reaches the standard, and if the water quality of the river does not reach the standard, the interception net needs to be arranged again, so that the water quality purification and the water quality control are completed again,
The preparation method of the pollutant purification material comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing zeolite powder in distilled water, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 11.0-12.0, stirring at 60 ℃ for 5 hours, filtering, and drying to obtain hydroxyl activated zeolite powder;
s2, mixing bismuth nitrate and ammonium metavanadate into a nitric acid solution, stirring until the bismuth nitrate and the ammonium metavanadate are completely dissolved, adding hydroxyl activated zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and pouring into a reaction kettle; wherein the molar ratio of bismuth nitrate to ammonium metavanadate is 1:1.2, and the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 30%;
s3, treating the reaction kettle at 75 ℃ for 12h, filtering out solids after the reaction is finished, washing with acetone, and drying to obtain a pollutant purification material;
the preparation method of the modified nylon material comprises the following steps:
putting a nylon 6 resin material into a high-speed stirrer, wherein the weight ratio of the nylon 6 resin material to the pollutant purifying material is 10:3, heating to 255 ℃ to completely melt, adding the pollutant purifying material, uniformly stirring and mixing, then introducing into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating at 250 ℃ to obtain the modified nylon material.
The modified nylon materials of examples 1 to 3 were purified and tested in comparison with the comparative example (ordinary nylon material), a polluted water area was selected, water in the polluted water area was randomly measured, four portions of the water were divided, the nylon materials were respectively put into the polluted water, the ratio of the nylon materials to the polluted water was 10g:1L, and after immersion treatment under natural illumination for 24 hours, the COD removal rate in the polluted water was tested, the COD removal rate in example 1 was 89%, the COD removal rate in example 2 was 83%, the COD removal rate in example 3 was 84%, and the COD removal rate in the comparative example was 47%. The modified nylon materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention have better COD removal rate.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for ecological purification of rivers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) observing the ecological environment at two sides of the river, and arranging plant forests for fixing sand and buffering at positions, close to the positions where water flow is turbulent, at two sides of a river bank;
(2) detecting the water quality of the river, arranging an interception net at the upstream of an area with serious water pollution of the river, and adsorbing a large amount of pollutant purification materials on the interception net;
(3) a fishpond ecological chain is arranged at the downstream of the interception net, so that the further purification of the river pollution is realized;
(4) communicating marsh or wetland close to the polluted river channel with the river channel, so that river channel water flow is obstructed by the terrain, and the speed of the water flow is delayed;
(5) and a river sewage monitoring point is arranged at the downstream of the water flow to detect whether the water quality of the river reaches the standard, and if the water quality of the river does not reach the standard, the interception net needs to be arranged again, so that the water quality purification is completed again.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sand-fixation buffered forest plants in step (1) comprise any combination of metasequoia, salix serpentinatum, alfalfa, loropetalum, nandina domestica, juncus effusus, lucerne, vetiver, and vetiver.
3. The ecological purification method for river according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the plant forest is arranged in an enclosed area with a narrower river bank.
4. The method for ecologically purifying river as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the intercepting net is made of a modified nylon material, and the modified nylon material is made of a nylon material compounded with the pollutant purifying material.
5. The method for ecological purification of river, according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the ecological chain of the fish pond comprises a complete ecological fish pond system, that is, the method comprises: producers, consumers and decomposers, the producers are aquatic plants on the upper layer of the water body, the consumers are fishes and other aquatic animals in the water body, and the decomposers comprise beneficial bacteria.
6. The method for ecological purification of rivers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the beneficial bacteria comprise photosynthetic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria.
7. The method for ecological purification of river according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the river is retained in a complex terrain by draining the river to a marsh or wetland, so that the river is given a purification time, and pollutants in the river can be purified by a microbial environment.
8. The method for ecological purification of rivers according to claim 4, wherein the pollutant purification material is prepared by the following steps:
s1, dispersing zeolite powder in distilled water, dropwise adding a sodium hydroxide solution until the pH value is 11.0-12.0, stirring at 50-60 ℃ for 3-5 hours, filtering, and drying to obtain hydroxyl activated zeolite powder;
s2, mixing bismuth nitrate and ammonium metavanadate into a nitric acid solution, stirring until the bismuth nitrate and the ammonium metavanadate are completely dissolved, adding hydroxyl activated zeolite powder, uniformly mixing, and pouring into a reaction kettle; wherein the molar ratio of bismuth nitrate to ammonium metavanadate is 1: 1.1-1.2, and the concentration of the nitric acid solution is 25-30%;
s3, treating the reaction kettle at 65-75 ℃ for 8-12 h, filtering out solids after the reaction is finished, washing with acetone, and drying to obtain the pollutant purification material.
9. The method for ecologically purifying rivers according to claim 4, wherein the modified nylon material is prepared by the following steps:
and (3) placing the nylon 6 resin material in a high-speed stirrer, heating to completely melt, adding the pollutant purifying material, stirring and mixing uniformly, then introducing into a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain the modified nylon material.
10. The method for ecological purification of rivers according to claim 9, wherein the weight ratio of the nylon 6 resin material to the pollutant purification material is 10: 1-3.
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| CN102329000A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-01-25 | 山东建筑大学 | Tandem type riverway water quality improvement and water resource storage adjustment method |
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| CN102329000A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-01-25 | 山东建筑大学 | Tandem type riverway water quality improvement and water resource storage adjustment method |
| CN110396979A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-11-01 | 福建荣冠环境建设集团有限公司 | A kind of ecological restoring method of city river |
| CN210658279U (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-06-02 | 常州市萤火虫生物科技有限公司 | Front-mounted pollutant intercepting plate with photocatalyst |
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