CN114772550B

CN114772550B - Hydrogen preparation system

Info

Publication number: CN114772550B
Application number: CN202210319701.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冀中华; 陆宪文; 彭伟
Original assignee: Beijing Dongfang Huaqing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Dongfang Huaqing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-29
Filing date: 2022-03-29
Publication date: 2024-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-29
Also published as: CN114772550A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a hydrogen preparation system, which comprises: a burner having a first chamber for burning the obtained object to be burned to generate heat energy and a second chamber; the catalyst is communicated with the burner and is used for obtaining heat energy and utilizing the heat energy to complete the catalytic reaction of the hydrogen production fuel so as to generate gas to be purified; the purifier is communicated with the catalyst and is used for obtaining the gas to be purified and purifying and generating hydrogen and waste gas; the sleeve assembly penetrates through the combustor and the catalyst and is communicated with the combustor, the catalyst and the purifier, the sleeve assembly is used for conveying hydrogen production fuel to the catalyst, obtaining and guiding out hydrogen from the purifier and conveying the waste gas to the first chamber at the same time so as to burn and form high-temperature flue gas, and the flue gas at least flows through the catalyst and the purifier. The hydrogen preparation system supports a miniaturized design, and the hydrogen preparation efficiency is higher.

Description

Hydrogen preparation system

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of hydrogen preparation, in particular to a hydrogen preparation system.

Background

Hydrogen gas of the formula H ₂ The molecular weight is 2.01588, and the gas is extremely easy to burn at normal temperature and normal pressure, is colorless, transparent, odorless and tasteless and is difficult to dissolve in water. Hydrogen is the smallest known gas in the world with a density of only 1/14 of air, i.e. 0.089g/L at 1 atm and 0 ℃. So the hydrogen can be used as filling gas of airship and hydrogen balloon, and is used for military use. However, the existing hydrogen preparation system has a large overall structure, cannot be carried, and the hydrogen preparation effect is reduced linearly if the volume is reduced. Therefore, the arrangement structure of the current hydrogen preparation system cannot effectively ensure the preparation efficiency of hydrogen while supporting miniaturization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hydrogen preparation system which supports miniaturization of equipment and can ensure hydrogen preparation efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen production system, including:

a burner having a first chamber for burning the obtained object to be burned to generate heat energy and a second chamber;

the catalyst is communicated with the burner and is used for obtaining heat energy and utilizing the heat energy to complete the catalytic reaction of the hydrogen production fuel so as to generate gas to be purified;

the purifier is communicated with the catalyst and is used for obtaining the gas to be purified and purifying and generating hydrogen and waste gas;

the sleeve assembly penetrates through the combustor and the catalyst and is communicated with the combustor, the catalyst and the purifier, the sleeve assembly is used for conveying hydrogen production fuel to the catalyst, obtaining and guiding out hydrogen from the purifier and conveying the waste gas to the first chamber to be combusted to form high-temperature flue gas, and the flue gas at least flows through the catalyst and the purifier to be discharged through the second chamber of the combustor after heat energy is provided for the catalyst and the purifier.

As an alternative embodiment, the first chamber is annular and sleeved on the sleeve component;

the second cavity is annular and sleeved outside the first cavity, a first partition plate is arranged in the second cavity along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sleeve assembly, a second partition plate is arranged in the second cavity along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the sleeve assembly, the first partition plate and the second partition plate are matched with each other so as to divide the second cavity into two parts, the first part is communicated with the first cavity and used for introducing received external air flow into the first cavity, and the second part is communicated with the catalyst and used for receiving and guiding out smoke.

As an alternative embodiment, the burner comprises an inner pipe, a middle pipe and an outer pipe which are sleeved in sequence from inside to outside, two ends of the inner pipe and the middle pipe are respectively provided with a baffle plate sleeved outside the sleeve, the inner pipe and the middle pipe are mutually communicated to form the first chamber, and a part of space surrounded by the outer pipe forms the second chamber.

As an alternative embodiment, the inner tube is provided with a circle of through holes, a circle of cyclone baffle plates surrounding the sleeve are arranged on the first baffle plate positioned on one side of the inner tube away from the catalyst, one end of the middle tube, which is towards the cyclone baffle plates, extends out of the inner tube and is connected with an annular sealing plate arranged on the sleeve, so that an air inlet area communicated with the first cavity is formed between at least part of the first baffle plates positioned in the first part and the annular sealing plate, and at least one part of the first baffle plates positioned in the second part and the annular sealing plate are in a closed state;

when the external air flow enters the air inlet area from the first part, the air flow is blown into the inner pipe in a cyclone shape under the action of the cyclone baffle plate, and is scattered into the middle pipe in a rotary shape based on the through hole of the inner pipe so as to fully burn with the objects to be burnt in the first chamber, and simultaneously, the sleeve pipe assembly is heated.

As an optional embodiment, a catalyst top plate is disposed between the burner and the catalyst, a catalyst bottom plate is disposed between the catalyst and the purifier, a plurality of first air holes and first channels are disposed on the catalyst top plate, a plurality of second air holes and second channels are disposed on the catalyst bottom plate, and the first air holes, the second air holes, the first channels and the second channels are used for transmitting the high-temperature flue gas or the gas to be purified.

As an alternative embodiment, the catalyst comprises a plurality of sleeves which are sleeved at intervals in sequence and are open at two ends, the top plate of the catalyst and the bottom plate of the catalyst are respectively covered at two ends of the sleeves, a plurality of catalyst channels and flue gas channels are alternately formed among the sleeves from inside to outside in sequence, each catalyst channel is provided with a first air hole, a second air hole, a first channel and a second channel which are correspondingly communicated with each other, each flue gas channel is at least provided with a first air hole and a second air hole which are correspondingly communicated with each other, and the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated with each flue gas channel through a corresponding first air hole.

As an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen production fuel gasified by absorbing the heat energy of the burner is conveyed to the innermost catalyst channel through the sleeve assembly to be catalyzed, then enters the first channel through the corresponding first air hole or enters the second channel through the second air hole, is conveyed to the other catalyst channel to be catalyzed by the first channel or the second channel, and enters the purifier through the gas channel to be purified which is communicated with the bottom plate of the catalyst when all the catalyst channels are traversed to form the gas to be purified;

the high-temperature flue gas generated in the first chamber enters the corresponding flue gas channel through the first air hole corresponding to the first chamber, enters the purifier through the second air hole corresponding to the flue gas channel, sequentially passes through the other corresponding second air hole, the flue gas channel and the first air hole through the purifier, and then enters the second chamber to be discharged.

As an alternative embodiment, the sleeve assembly sequentially comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve from inside to outside, wherein the first sleeve and the second sleeve are connected with the purifier, the first sleeve is used for receiving hydrogen, the second sleeve is used for receiving waste gas, the third sleeve is connected with the catalyst and used for conveying the received hydrogen production fuel into the catalyst, and the fourth sleeve is connected with the first chamber and the second sleeve and used for conveying the waste gas into the first chamber and burning the waste gas to generate high-temperature flue gas.

As an alternative embodiment, the purifier includes the purifier body, surrounds the purifier body and first casing and the second casing that mutually overlaps and establish, first casing one end is uncovered, the second casing both ends are all uncovered, the second casing is located in the first casing, and with have the confession flue gas by the clearance of second casing flow direction first casing between the second casing, sleeve pipe subassembly and wait to purify the gas passage all with the purifier body intercommunication, catalyst converter bottom plate closing cap the open end of first casing and second casing syntropy, be equipped with in the second casing with clearance with flue gas channel intercommunication's exhaust duct, by the flue gas that the catalyst converter was carried to in the purifier passes through clearance, exhaust duct, flue gas channel and with the first through-hole that the flue gas channel corresponds gets into the second cavity.

As an alternative embodiment, the hydrogen preparation system further comprises a regenerator, the regenerator is positioned at one end of the burner far away from the catalyst, the sleeve component penetrates through the regenerator, the regenerator comprises a low temperature zone and a high temperature zone, the low temperature zone is communicated with the first chamber of the burner so as to convey external airflow to the first chamber, the high temperature zone is communicated with the second chamber of the burner so as to be used for receiving and discharging the flue gas, and when the flue gas and the external airflow pass through the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone respectively, heat exchange is realized

Based on the disclosure of the above embodiment, it can be known that the beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention include compact overall structure of the hydrogen preparation system and support for miniaturized design. And through setting up the combustor into two and be used for burning and the cavity of flue gas output respectively, make the flue gas export after can flowing through catalyst converter, purifier simultaneously for heat energy has obtained make full use of, and supplementary promotion catalysis and purification effect, and then make hydrogen preparation efficiency higher.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the hydrogen production system in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is another structural sectional view of the hydrogen production system in the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of each gas in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a burner in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial structural sectional view of a burner in an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-a burner; 2-a catalyst; 3-a purifier; 4-a sleeve assembly; 5-a first chamber; 6-a second chamber; 7-an inner tube; 8-middle tube; 9-an outer tube; 10-through holes; 11-a first baffle; 12-a cyclone baffle; 13-an annular sealing plate; 14-a second baffle; 15-a third baffle; 16-a housing; 17-a first part; 18-a second part; 19-an air inlet area; 20-catalyst top plate; 21-a catalyst floor; 22-a first air hole; 23-a second air hole; 24-a first channel; 25-a second channel; 26-a first flue gas channel; 27-a second flue gas channel; 28-a first catalyst channel; 29-a first separator; 30-a second separator; 31-a first sleeve; 32-a second sleeve; 33-a third sleeve; 34-fourth sleeve; 35-valve block; 36-a first housing; 37-a second housing; 38-a purifier body; 39-a gas passage to be purified; 40-a regenerator; 41-a heat return plate; 42-low temperature zone; 43-high temperature zone; 44-three way catalyst; 45-sleeve; 46-a smoke exhaust duct; 47-catalyst separator; 48-ignition part

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but not limiting the invention.

It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments disclosed herein. Therefore, the following description should not be taken as limiting, but merely as exemplification of the embodiments. Other modifications within the scope and spirit of this disclosure will occur to persons of ordinary skill in the art.

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with a general description of the disclosure given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

These and other characteristics of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred form of embodiment, given as a non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is also to be understood that, although the invention has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person skilled in the art will certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of the invention, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.

The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the disclosure, which may be embodied in various forms. Well-known and/or repeated functions and constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the disclosure in unnecessary or unnecessary detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, but merely serve as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.

The specification may use the word "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments in accordance with the disclosure.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen production system, including:

a burner 1 having a first chamber 5 and a second chamber 6, the first chamber 5 for burning the obtained object to be burned to generate heat energy;

a catalyst 2 which is communicated with the burner 1 and is used for obtaining heat energy and utilizing the heat energy to complete the catalytic reaction of hydrogen production fuel so as to generate gas to be purified;

a purifier 3 which is communicated with the catalyst 2 and is used for obtaining gas to be purified and purifying and generating hydrogen and waste gas;

the sleeve component 4 penetrates through the combustor 1 and the catalyst 2 and is communicated with the combustor 1, the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3, the sleeve component 4 is used for conveying hydrogen production fuel to the catalyst 2 and obtaining and guiding out hydrogen from the purifier 3, meanwhile, waste gas is conveyed to the first chamber 5 to be combusted to form high-temperature flue gas, and the flue gas is discharged through the second chamber 6 of the combustor 1 after passing through at least the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3 to provide heat energy for the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3.

For example, the hydrogen production system in this embodiment includes a burner 1, a catalyst 2 and a purifier 3 disposed adjacent to each other in this order, where the burner 1 is used for burning the obtained object to be burned, for example, fuel, waste gas to be treated, etc., to generate heat energy, and the heat energy can provide the hydrogen production system with a temperature environment meeting the hydrogen production requirement. The burner 1 in this embodiment has two mutually independent, non-communicating first and second chambers 5, 6, wherein the first chamber 5 is for receiving and burning a substance to be burned to generate heat energy. The second chamber 6 is for delivering exhaust gases (described below) to the outside. Further, the catalyst 2 is in communication with the burner 1, for example by a pipe, etc., so that thermal energy can be obtained, such as thermal energy being transferred to the catalyst 2 by means of medium conduction based on said pipe, so that the catalyst 2 can complete the catalytic reaction of the hydrogen production fuel based on the thermal energy, generating the gas to be purified. The hydrogen production fuel may be methanol, ammonia, or other substances capable of being catalyzed to generate hydrogen, and is not particularly limited. The purifier 3 communicates with the catalyst 2 for obtaining a gas to be purified to purify out hydrogen, and filters out exhaust gas. The hydrogen production system in this embodiment further includes a sleeve assembly 4, wherein the sleeve assembly 4 penetrates through the burner 1 and the catalyst 2 and is communicated with the burner 1, the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3, and the sleeve assembly 4 is formed by sleeving a plurality of sleeves, and the specific number of the sleeve assemblies is variable. The sleeve assembly 4 in this embodiment is used to deliver hydrogen production fuel to the catalyst 2 and to remove hydrogen from the purifier 3 after it has been obtained, such as by delivering the hydrogen to a hydrogen collection device or directly to the product in which the hydrogen is used, as the case may be. The sleeve assembly 4 can obtain waste gas from the purifier 3 at the same time, and convey the waste gas into the first chamber 5, the first chamber 5 burns to generate high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas carries heat energy to flow to the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3 and then returns to the burner 1, and is discharged from the second chamber 6 of the burner 1, namely, the high-temperature flue gas transfers heat energy to the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3 and then is cooled, and the cooled flue gas returns to the second chamber 6 of the burner 1 and is discharged through the second chamber 6.

In addition, in the implementation, as shown in fig. 1, a casing 16 may be further provided, where the casing 16 may be in a long cylindrical shape, and the combustor 1, the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3 are disposed in the casing 16 together, and one end of the sleeve assembly 4 extends into the casing 16 and sequentially penetrates through the combustor 1 and the catalyst 2 to be connected with the purifier 3, and the other end of the sleeve assembly 4 may extend out of the casing 16 and be respectively communicated with other external pipelines to respectively receive or transmit different substances. The housing 16 in this embodiment may be large or small, and may be specifically configured according to practical situations.

Based on the disclosure of the above embodiment, it can be known that the beneficial effects of the embodiment include compact overall structure of the hydrogen production system and support for miniaturization design. And through setting up combustor 1 into two and be used for burning and the cavity of flue gas output respectively, make the flue gas export after can flowing through catalyst converter 2, purifier 3 simultaneously for heat energy has obtained make full use of, and supplementary promotion catalysis and purification effect, and then make hydrogen preparation efficiency higher.

Further, the first chamber 5 in this embodiment is annular and sleeved on the sleeve component 4, and the second chamber 6 is annular and sleeved outside the first chamber 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first chamber 5 of the burner 1 in this embodiment is surrounded by an inner tube 7 and a middle tube 8 that are sleeved with each other, the sleeve assembly 4 is inserted into the inner tube 7, and spaces are provided between the inner tube 7 and the middle tube 8, and between the inner tube 7 and the sleeve assembly 4. The inner tube 7 is provided with one or more circles of through holes 10, and the waste gas waits for the combustion substances to enter the inner tube 7 through a discharge hole on the sleeve assembly 4 communicated with the inner tube 7 and enter the middle tube 8 through the through holes 10 on the inner tube 7 so as to realize full combustion. The through hole 10 is not particularly limited in its external structure, and may be a circular hole, a bar-shaped hole, a slotted hole, or the like. The middle tube 8 is provided with an ignition portion 48 extending outside the burner 1, which may be an ignition sleeve in particular, and a user may introduce a fire source into the middle tube 8 by placing an ignition core into the ignition sleeve, thereby igniting the objects to be burned in the middle tube 8, the inner tube 7. In addition, optionally, the ignition portion 48 in the present embodiment is also provided with a fuel pipe for delivering fuel into the middle pipe 8, such as delivering pure hydrogen fuel (liquid state) into the middle pipe 8, for preheating the system in the initial operation of the system, that is, the combustor 1 generates high-temperature flue gas by combusting the pure hydrogen fuel and transfers heat energy through the flow of the flue gas, preheating the entire system. Moreover, by providing the fuel pipe, the burner 1 in the present embodiment can receive both liquid fuel and other fuel (exhaust gas).

Further, the length of the middle tube 8 in this embodiment is longer than that of the inner tube 7, and a first baffle 11 and a second baffle 14 are disposed in the middle tube 8 at intervals, and the two baffles are both annular. The inner tube 7 is located between the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 14. Wherein the inner diameter of the first baffle 11 is at least the same as the inner diameter of the inner tube 7, a part of the middle tube 8 extends out of the first baffle 11 towards one end of the first baffle 11 to form a first extension, for example, a half of the tube wall of the middle tube 8 extends outwards to form a first extension, or more/less of the tube wall of the middle tube 8 extends outwards to form a first extension, which is more specific. The first extension part is connected with an annular sealing plate 13 which is arranged outside the sleeve in a sealing way, so that an air inlet area 19 which is respectively communicated with the outside and the inner pipe 7 is formed among the first extension part, the first baffle plate 11 and the annular sealing plate 13, and outside air flows into the inner pipe 7 through the air inlet area 19.

Optionally, a circle of cyclone baffle plates 12 surrounding the sleeve are arranged on the first baffle plates 11 in the air inlet area 19, when external air flows enter the air inlet area 19, the external air flows can enter the inner tube 7 after forming cyclone based on the cyclone baffle plates 12, and then uniformly and rotatably spread into the middle tube 8 through the through holes 10 on the inner tube 7, so as to assist the full combustion of the objects to be combusted in the middle tube 8 and the inner tube 7.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the inner tube 7 is abutted against the first baffle 11, one side of the inner tube 7 facing the second baffle 14 is provided with an annular third baffle 15, and the third baffle 15 is sleeved on the sleeve and abutted against the sleeve correspondingly, so that two ends of the inner tube 7 are closed or approximately closed, and external air flow can only be uniformly scattered into the middle tube 8 through the through holes 10 after entering the inner tube 7, so that combustion-supporting gas is distributed in the middle tube 8, and sufficient combustion of objects to be combusted is further ensured.

In addition, through making the air current take on the rotation form, can make it wrap up in and hold up heat energy and rotate round sleeve pipe assembly 4, and then heat sleeve pipe assembly 4, make and pass through sleeve pipe assembly 4 and transmit heat energy, the hydrogen production fuel in the sleeve pipe assembly 4 of heating simultaneously makes it gasify, and the hydrogen production fuel after the gasification can be catalyzed in catalyst converter 2 better, promotes to produce and wait to purify the gas.

Further, as further shown with reference to fig. 5 and 6, the middle tube 8 in the present embodiment is externally sleeved with an outer tube 9, and the outer tube 9 has a dimension in the axial direction not smaller than that of the middle tube 8. As shown, a first partition 29 is axially provided between the outer tube 9 and a portion of the middle tube 8, and one end of the first partition 29 is at least flush with the end of the middle tube 8 facing away from the catalyst 2, and the other end is at most flush with the end of the middle tube 8 facing toward the catalyst 2, for example, the other end of the first partition 29 is located in the middle of the terminal, specifically, variably. The first partition 29 divides the annular area between the outer tube 9 and the middle tube 8 into a first portion 17 and a second portion 18 which are not in communication with each other, a second partition 30 which is correspondingly connected with the first partition 29 is arranged in the first portion 17 in the radial direction, the second portion 18 is communicated with the catalyst 2 for conveying flue gas, and the second chamber 6 at least comprises the second portion 18. Specifically, as shown in the drawing, the second partition board 30 in this embodiment is disposed in the middle section of the annular area surrounded by the middle tube 8 and the outer tube 9, the plane of the second partition board 30 is coplanar with the plane of the end of the first partition board 29 facing the flue gas channel, and by disposing the first partition board 29 and the second partition board 30, the first portion 17 can be further divided into two areas, one area is communicated with the second portion 18, the area and the second portion 18 together form the second chamber 6, and one end of the catalyst 2 is communicated with the area or the second portion 18 to enable the flue gas after heat exchange to be successfully led out. The other area of the first portion 17 is communicated with the external and air inlet area 19 for introducing external air flow, and through the arrangement of the two baffles, the external air flow and the flue gas are isolated and not interfered with each other, and the flue gas is not sucked into the burner 1 for the second time to interfere with combustion, so that the combustion effect of the burner 1 is remarkably improved.

Further, the middle pipe 8 in the present embodiment protrudes toward one side of the second baffle 14 to form a circle of second extension portion against which one end of the catalyst 2 abuts. In order to increase the tightness, a ring of compression ring is further disposed at the second extension portion in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a top plate 20 is disposed between the burner 1 and the catalyst 2, a bottom plate 21 is disposed between the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3, and the top plate 20 and the bottom plate 21 are both annular. One end of the middle tube 8 and one end of the outer tube 9 of the burner 1 are abutted against the top plate 20 of the catalyst, and the outer tube 9 can fix the rest of the top plates 20 of the catalyst through flanges. The top plate 20 of the catalyst in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of first air holes 22 and first channels 24, the first channels 24 are plural, and the first channels 24 are arranged in a scattering shape with the position of the sleeve assembly 4 as the center, and the specific number of the first channels is variable. The catalyst base plate 21 is provided with a plurality of second air holes 23 and second channels 25, and the second channels 25 are arranged in a plurality of ways similar to the first channels 24 and are arranged in a scattering shape. The first gas hole 22, the second gas hole 23 (for transporting high-temperature flue gas), the first channel 24 and the second channel 25 are used for transporting high-temperature flue gas or gas to be purified. For example, in this embodiment, all the first channels 24 and the second channels 25, and part of the first air holes 22 and the second air holes 23 are used for conveying the gas to be purified, and the rest of the first air holes 22 and the second air holes 23 are used for conveying the flue gas, which is not the only one, but also part of the first channels 24 and the second channels 25 can be used for conveying the flue gas.

Further, as further shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the catalyst 2 includes a plurality of sleeves 45 sleeved at intervals in sequence and having two open ends, and the catalyst 2 in this embodiment includes five layers of sleeves 45, which may include more sleeves 45, or reduce the arrangement of the sleeves 45, and may be changed correspondingly according to the actual hydrogen requirement. The catalyst top plate 20 and the catalyst bottom plate 21 are capped at both ends of the plurality of sleeves 45, respectively. The plurality of sleeves 45 and the sleeve assembly 4 enclose a plurality of annular chambers, and the plurality of annular chambers sequentially form a catalyst channel and a flue gas channel alternately from inside to outside, for example, a first catalyst channel 28 is formed between the first sleeve of the innermost layer and the sleeve assembly 4 (or no catalyst is arranged in the channel and an evaporation chamber is formed for flowing hydrogen production fuel in a gas state), a second sleeve is positioned outside the first sleeve and forms a first flue gas channel 26 with the first sleeve, a third sleeve is positioned outside the second sleeve and forms a second catalyst channel with the second sleeve, a fourth sleeve is positioned outside the third sleeve and forms a second flue gas channel 27 with the third sleeve, and a fifth sleeve is positioned outside the fourth sleeve and forms a third catalyst channel with the fourth sleeve. Wherein, each catalyst channel has at least one first air hole 22, a second air hole 23, a first channel 24 and a second channel 25 which are correspondingly communicated with each other, each flue gas channel has at least one first air hole 22 and a second air hole 23 which are correspondingly communicated with each other, and the first chamber 5 and the second chamber 6 are respectively communicated with a flue gas channel through the corresponding first air holes 22. Since the first air hole 22, the second air hole 23, the first channel 24 and the second channel 25 are all disposed around the sleeve assembly 4 in multiple circles, and each flue gas channel and each catalyst channel are annular, in practice, each catalyst channel in this embodiment may have multiple first air holes 22, second air holes 23, first channels 24 and second channels 25 correspondingly communicated with each other, and each flue gas channel may have multiple first air holes 22 and second air holes 23 correspondingly communicated with each other, so as to respectively satisfy the transmission of flue gas and gas to be purified (the number of specific air holes and channels may be determined according to the actual gas flow). Moreover, two ends of the first channel 24 are respectively communicated with a first air hole 22, and the first channels 24 connected with the two first air holes 22 are different, and similarly, two ends of the second channel 25 are respectively communicated with a second air hole 23, and the second channels 25 connected with the two second air holes 23 are different, so that the gas to be purified can be rolled through multi-layer catalysis, the gas to be purified is formed after thorough catalysis, and the flue gas can flow into and out of the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3 at least through a plurality of flue gas channels, and at the same time, at least the heat energy can be better provided for the catalyst channels, the catalyst channels can be uniformly heated, and the catalytic efficiency is assisted to be improved.

The catalyst is arranged in the catalyst channel in the embodiment, and a plurality of flow channels are formed in the flue gas channel, and can enable the flue gas to be fully contacted with the channel wall, so that uniform heat transfer is ensured. In practical application, the forming of a plurality of flow channels can be realized by arranging the pall rings, or the forming can also be realized by arranging a plurality of guide plates and the like, and the specific mode is not unique.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the first air holes 22 of the corresponding flue gas channels in the present embodiment are communicated with the first chamber 5 or the second chamber 6, for example, the flue gas channels for delivering flue gas to the catalyst 2 and the purifier 3 are communicated with the first chamber 5 through the first air holes 22, and the flue gas channels for introducing flue gas from the purifier 3 to the burner 1 through the catalyst 2 are communicated with the second chamber 6 through the corresponding first air holes 22, so that the flue gas channels outside the exhaust system of the burner 1 are communicated with the second chamber 6. For example, taking the previous embodiment as an example, the first air holes 22 corresponding to the first flue gas channels 26 are all communicated with the first chamber 5, and the first air holes 22 corresponding to the second flue gas channels 27 are all communicated with the second chamber 6.

Alternatively, in order to avoid insufficient combustion of the flue gas, having harmful substances, the end of the flue gas channel, which in this embodiment is at least located in communication with the first chamber 5, facing the first chamber 5 is provided with a filtering substance for filtering the flue gas, such as a three-way catalyst 44. The flue gas enters the three-way catalyst 44 through the corresponding first gas holes 22 for filtration and then enters the corresponding flue gas channels. In order to avoid the shifting of the three-way catalyst 44, a catalyst partition 47 is provided in the flue gas channel corresponding to the first chamber 5 in this embodiment, and air holes are provided on the partition for passing the filtered flue gas. And three-way catalyst 44 is located between catalyst top plate 20 and catalyst spacer 47. When the flow rate of the flue gas is large and the required amount of the three-way catalyst 44 is excessive, the setting area can be increased radially, for example, the first catalyst channels 28 and one end of the first flue gas channel 26 facing the top plate 20 of the catalyst can be shortened to form an annular space which is communicated with the first chamber 5 and is equivalent to the inner diameter of the first chamber 5, the three-way catalyst 44 is distributed in the annular space, and the other end of the space is isolated by the catalyst partition 47, and note that the part of the catalyst partition 47 corresponding to the first catalyst channels 28 is not provided with air holes.

Continuing to refer to fig. 2 and 4, the hydrogen-producing fuel transported within the sleeve assembly 4 is heated by the burner 1 to raise the temperature, thereby completing the gasification transition. The gasified hydrogen production fuel is conveyed to the innermost first catalyst channel 28 for catalysis (or the channel is an evaporation chamber as described above) through the sleeve component 4, then enters the communicated second channel 25 through the second air holes 23 corresponding to the first catalyst channel 28, is conveyed to the second catalyst channel for catalysis through the second channel 25, then enters the corresponding first channel 24 through the first air holes 22 communicated with the second catalyst channel, is conveyed to the third catalyst channel for catalysis again through the first channel 24, and is not formed to be purified until hydrogen production fuel gas bypasses all the catalyst channels in turn. Or the hydrogen production fuel gas firstly passes through the first catalyst channel 28, then flows into the third catalyst channel through the corresponding air holes and channels, and finally flows into the second catalyst channel through the corresponding air holes and channels by the third catalyst channel so as to complete the catalysis of all the catalyst channels, so that the gas to be purified is generated. The gas to be purified thus formed enters the purifier 3 through the gas passage 39 to be purified communicating with the catalyst base plate 21. For example, the gas passage 39 to be purified is located in the purifier 3 and communicates with the purifier 3 and the catalyst passage through which the hydrogen fuel gas finally flows, for example, through a third air hole in the catalyst bottom plate 21 communicating with the catalyst passage, thereby successfully introducing the gas to be purified into the purifier 3. In use, a filter ring may be disposed within the catalyst passage such that the gas to be purified is filtered through the filter ring and then enters the gas passage 39 to be purified.

For the flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the first chamber 5 in this embodiment enters the corresponding flue gas channel through the first air hole 22 corresponding to the first chamber 5, enters the purifier 3 through the second air hole 23 corresponding to the flue gas channel, and then sequentially passes through the other corresponding second air hole 23, the flue gas channel and the first air hole 22 through the purifier 3 and then enters the second chamber 6 to be discharged. For example, continuing with the previous embodiment, the flue gas enters the first flue gas channel 26 through the three-way catalyst 44 via the first air holes 22, then enters the purifier 3 through the corresponding second air holes 23, then enters the second flue gas channel 27 from the purifier 3 after entering the other corresponding second air holes 23, and then exits through the first air holes 22 corresponding to the second flue gas channel 27 after entering the second chamber 6. Alternatively, a plurality of flue gas channels may be added, and then the channels are respectively disposed on the top plate 20 and the bottom plate of the catalyst, so that the transmission of flue gas is similar to the transmission of hydrogen production fuel gas, for example, when the hydrogen production system has a large volume and the catalyst channels are more, the above-mentioned mode may be adopted.

Further, as further shown in fig. 2, the sleeve assembly 4 in this embodiment includes, from inside to outside, a first sleeve 31, a second sleeve 32, a third sleeve 33, and a fourth sleeve 34. One ends of the four sleeves in the same direction extend out of the system, wherein the other ends of the first sleeve 31 and the second sleeve 32 are connected with the purifier 3, the first sleeve 31 is used for receiving hydrogen, and the second sleeve 32 is used for receiving waste gas; the other end of the third sleeve 33 is connected to the catalyst 2 (i.e., does not extend into the purifier 3) for delivering the received hydrogen-producing fuel to the catalyst 2. The third sleeve 33 in this embodiment is provided with a row of discharge holes for hydrogen production fuel, and the gaseous hydrogen production fuel is sprayed out from the discharge holes and enters the communicated catalyst channels for catalysis. The other end of the fourth sleeve 34 communicates with the first chamber 5, while the fourth sleeve 34 communicates with the end of the second sleeve 32 extending outside the system for delivering exhaust gases to the first chamber 5 for combustion to produce high temperature flue gases. In practical applications, the fourth sleeve 34 and one end of the second sleeve 32 extending out of the system may be connected by a valve block 35, such as a pressure release valve, and the exhaust gas delivered from the second sleeve 32 is released by the valve block 35 and then enters the fourth sleeve 34 to be delivered into the first chamber 5.

Continuing to combine with fig. 2, the purifier 3 in this embodiment includes a purifier 3 body, a first casing 36 and a second casing 37 surrounding the purifier 3 body and sleeved with each other, one end of the first casing 36 is open, two ends of the second casing 37 are open, the second casing 37 is located in the first casing 36, and a gap is formed between the second casing 37 and the first casing 36 for flue gas to flow from the second casing 37 to the first casing 36. As shown, the flue gas flows out of the second air holes 23 of the catalyst substrate 21 first into the second housing 37, and then flows from the gap between the second housing 37 and the bottom of the first housing 36 into the first housing 36, i.e., into the gap between the side walls of the two housings. The process can enable the flue gas to flow around the purifier 3 body and provide sufficient heat for the purifier 3 body. The gas channel 39 to be purified is communicated with the purifier 3 body, and the first sleeve 31 and the second sleeve 32 in the sleeve assembly 4 are respectively communicated with a hydrogen pipeline and an exhaust pipeline of the purifier 3 body.

Further, the catalyst substrate 21 in the present embodiment covers the open ends of the first casing 36 and the second casing 37 toward the side of the catalyst 2, so that the purifier 3 is approximately sealed as a whole. As shown in fig. 2, the second housing 37 in this embodiment is provided with a smoke exhaust duct 46 communicating with the above-mentioned gap and at least part of the smoke channel, and the smoke exhaust duct 46 may be disposed on one side of the catalyst base 21 located on the catalyst 2, for example, a cover plate with a groove is disposed on the catalyst base 21 to cooperate with the catalyst base 21 to enclose the smoke exhaust duct 46, and the smoke exhaust duct 46 communicates with the gap between the side walls of the two housings, and also communicates with the smoke channel for guiding out smoke, specifically, communicates through the second air holes 23 corresponding to the smoke channel, and the second air holes 23 are enclosed in the smoke exhaust duct 46. The flue gas fed from the catalyst 2 to the purifier 3 passes through the above-mentioned gap, the flue gas duct 46, the second air hole 23, the flue gas passage, and the first through hole 10 corresponding to the flue gas passage into the second chamber 6.

In practical application, the number and shape of the smoke exhaust pipes 46 are not unique, one annular smoke exhaust pipe 46 can be provided, a plurality of concentric annular smoke exhaust pipes 46 can be provided according to the number, position and the like of the second air holes 23 which are required to be communicated, two or more arc smoke exhaust pipes 46 can be provided according to the number and position of the second air holes 23 which are required to be communicated, and the arrangement mode is not unique, so long as the smoke can be conveyed to the second chamber 6 through the corresponding smoke channel.

With continued reference to fig. 2 and 4, in order to further utilize the heat energy of the flue gas and prevent the flue gas from overheating, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere to be dangerous, the hydrogen preparation system in this embodiment is further provided with a regenerator 40. The regenerator 40 is located on the side of the burner 1 away from the catalyst 2, i.e. the burner 1 is located between the regenerator 40 and the catalyst 2, and one end of the sleeve assembly 4 extends out of the system after passing through the regenerator 40. The regenerator 40 in this embodiment is annular, and includes a low temperature region 42 and a high temperature region 43, where the low temperature region 42 of the regenerator 40 communicates with the first chamber 5 of the burner 1 to deliver an external air flow to the first chamber 5, and the high temperature region 43 of the regenerator 40 communicates with the second chamber 6 of the burner 1 to receive and discharge the flue gas, and at the same time, to exchange heat between the flue gas and the external air flow. For example, the regenerator 40 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of annular heat-returning plates 41 disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve assembly 4, and each of the heat-returning plates 41 is divided into two regions each for disposing a plurality of heat-exchanging holes for allowing the gas to flow therethrough to perform heat exchange, which respectively form a low temperature region 42 and a high temperature region 43 (wherein the low temperature region 42 shown in fig. 4 is merely illustrative of having the low temperature region 42, but the low temperature region 42 is not particularly located below the high temperature region 43). The low temperature areas 42 on the plurality of heat-return plates 41 correspond to each other, and the high temperature areas 43 correspond to each other, so that a plurality of heat exchange holes corresponding to the low temperature areas 42 can be connected in series to form a gas flow channel for flowing external gas flow, and simultaneously, a plurality of heat exchange holes corresponding to the high temperature areas 43 are connected in series to form a gas flow channel for flowing flue gas, and heat exchange is realized when the external gas flow and the flue gas flow respectively flow based on the corresponding gas flow channel.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalent arrangements of this invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and are intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production system, comprising:

the sleeve assembly penetrates through the burner and the catalyst and is communicated with the burner, the catalyst and the purifier, the sleeve assembly is used for conveying hydrogen production fuel to the catalyst and obtaining and guiding out hydrogen from the purifier, meanwhile, the exhaust gas is conveyed to the first cavity to be combusted to form high-temperature flue gas, the flue gas at least flows through the catalyst and the purifier to provide heat energy for the catalyst and the purifier and then is discharged through the second cavity of the burner, the sleeve assembly sequentially comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a third sleeve and a fourth sleeve from inside to outside, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are connected with the purifier, the first sleeve is used for receiving hydrogen, the second sleeve is used for receiving exhaust gas, the third sleeve is connected with the catalyst and is used for conveying the received hydrogen production fuel into the catalyst, and the fourth sleeve is connected with the first cavity and the second sleeve and is used for conveying the exhaust gas into the first cavity to be combusted to generate high-temperature flue gas;

the first chamber is annular and sleeved on the sleeve component;

2. The hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the burner comprises an inner tube, a middle tube and an outer tube which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, a baffle plate sleeved outside the sleeve is arranged at the end parts of the inner tube and the middle tube, the inner tube and the middle tube are mutually communicated to form the first chamber, and a space surrounded by part of the outer tube forms the second chamber.

3. The hydrogen production system according to claim 2, wherein the inner tube is provided with a circle of through holes, a circle of cyclone baffles surrounding the sleeve are arranged on the first baffle plate positioned at one side of the inner tube away from the catalyst, one end of the middle tube, which is directed towards the cyclone baffles, extends out of the inner tube and is connected with an annular sealing plate sleeved on the sleeve, so that an air inlet area communicated with the first chamber is formed between at least part of the first baffle plate and the annular sealing plate in the first part, and at least the first baffle plate and the annular sealing plate in the second part are in a closed state;

4. The hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein an annular catalyst top plate is provided between the burner and the catalyst, an annular catalyst bottom plate is provided between the catalyst and the purifier, a plurality of first air holes and first channels are provided on the catalyst top plate, a plurality of second air holes and second channels are provided on the catalyst bottom plate, and part or all of the first air holes, the second air holes, the first channels and the second channels are used for transporting the high-temperature flue gas or the gas to be purified.

5. The hydrogen production system of claim 4, wherein the catalyst comprises a plurality of sleeves which are sleeved at intervals in sequence and are open at two ends, the top plate of the catalyst and the bottom plate of the catalyst are respectively covered at two ends of the sleeves, the sleeve assembly and the sleeves alternately form a catalyst channel and a flue gas channel from inside to outside in sequence, each catalyst channel is provided with at least one first air hole, one second air hole, one first channel and one second channel which are correspondingly communicated, each flue gas channel is provided with at least one first air hole and one second air hole which are correspondingly communicated, and the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively communicated with one flue gas channel through a corresponding first air hole.

6. The hydrogen production system of claim 5 wherein said hydrogen production fuel vaporized by absorbing heat energy of said burner is transported through said sleeve assembly into an innermost of said catalyst channels for catalysis, through a corresponding said first air hole, first channel into a next said catalyst channel, and through a second air hole, second channel into other said catalyst channels for catalysis, until said purifier is accessed through a gas channel to be purified in communication with said catalyst floor as said gas to be purified is formed throughout all of said catalyst channels;

the high-temperature flue gas generated in the first chamber enters a corresponding flue gas channel through a first air hole corresponding to the first chamber, enters the purifier through a second air hole corresponding to the flue gas channel, sequentially passes through the purifier, passes through another second air hole communicated with the purifier, the flue gas channel and the first air hole, and then enters the second chamber to be discharged.

7. The hydrogen production system according to claim 6, wherein the purifier comprises a purifier body, a first housing and a second housing surrounding the purifier body and sleeved with each other, one end of the first housing is open, both ends of the second housing are open, the second housing is located in the first housing, a gap for flue gas to flow from the second housing to the first housing is formed between the second housing and the second housing, the sleeve assembly and the gas channel to be purified are both communicated with the purifier body, the catalyst bottom plate covers the open ends of the first housing and the second housing in the same direction, a flue gas pipe communicated with the gap and the flue gas channel is arranged in the second housing, and flue gas conveyed into the purifier by the catalyst passes through the gap, the flue gas pipe, the flue gas channel and a first through hole corresponding to the flue gas channel and enters the second chamber.

8. The hydrogen production system of claim 1, further comprising a regenerator at an end of the burner remote from the catalyst, the sleeve assembly extending through the regenerator, the regenerator comprising a low temperature zone in communication with the first chamber of the burner for delivering an external gas stream to the first chamber and a high temperature zone in communication with the second chamber of the burner for receiving and exhausting the flue gas, the flue gas and external gas stream being in thermal communication through the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone, respectively.