CN114771329A

CN114771329A - Battery charging method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN114771329A
Application number: CN202210372394.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苑丁丁; 蹇兴文; 王�华
Original assignee: Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hubei Eve Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-11
Filing date: 2022-04-11
Publication date: 2022-07-22

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery charging method, a battery charging device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. Acquiring charging data of a power battery by adopting pulse charging and discharging data by adopting pulse discharging; determining the safe pulse current of the power battery at the actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, wherein the safe pulse current represents the maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery during charging at the actual environment temperature; applying safe pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature to preheat the power battery; and charging the preheated power battery. The method determines the maximum safe pulse current which can be borne under the tolerance capability of the power battery, applies the high-frequency safe pulse current to the power battery, enables the battery to generate heat by itself, preheats the power battery, does not generate a lithium precipitation phenomenon while shortening the low-temperature charging time, is beneficial to realizing the low-temperature charging of the battery in different scenes, and prolongs the service life of the battery.

Description

Battery charging method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of power battery charging technologies, and in particular, to a battery charging method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium.

Background

With the wider application of new energy automobiles, the usage amount of power batteries is also higher and higher. One of the main problems faced by the current new energy automobile is that the endurance mileage is greatly shortened in a low-temperature environment, and the performance of a power battery is limited when the environmental temperature is low. Firstly, the discharge capacity of the power battery is severely reduced in a low-temperature environment, and secondly, the power battery cannot be directly charged in a low-temperature environment.

At present, a new energy automobile can preheat a battery pack before charging in a low-temperature environment, but a plurality of potential safety hazards still exist, such as problems that a power battery is heated unevenly, and temperature is out of control during heating, so that fire is caused, charging efficiency is too low, and the like.

The low-temperature charging method of the power battery mainly adopts different charging multiplying powers in different SOC ranges, adopts a large multiplying power to charge in a lower SOC state, and adopts a smaller multiplying power to charge in a higher SOC state. However, this low-temperature charging method has a long charging time and a small charging capacity, and may cause a severe lithium precipitation phenomenon during low-temperature cycle charging, thereby reducing the service life of the battery.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a battery charging method, a battery charging device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which are suitable for enabling the interior of a battery to generate heat on the basis of not carrying out external heating and realizing normal charging in a low-temperature environment.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery charging method including:

acquiring charging data obtained by charging a power battery in a pulse charging mode and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging mode;

determining a safety pulse current of the power battery at an actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, wherein the safety pulse current represents a maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery during charging at the actual environment temperature;

applying the safety pulse current to the power battery at the actual ambient temperature to preheat the power battery;

and charging the preheated power battery.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery charging apparatus including:

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring charging data obtained by charging the power battery in a pulse charging mode and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging mode;

the safety pulse current determining module is used for determining the safety pulse current of the power battery at the actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, and the safety pulse current represents the maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery during charging at the actual environment temperature;

the preheating module is used for applying the safety pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature so as to preheat the power battery;

and the charging module is used for charging the preheated power battery.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including:

at least one processor; and

a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,

the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the battery charging method according to any of the embodiments of the invention.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the method for charging a battery according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention when the computer instructions are executed.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, charging data obtained by charging the power battery in a pulse charging mode and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging mode are obtained; determining the safe pulse current of the power battery at the actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, wherein the safe pulse current represents the maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery during charging at the actual environment temperature; applying safe pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature to preheat the power battery; and charging the preheated power battery. According to the embodiment of the invention, the maximum bearable safe pulse current under the tolerance capability of the power battery is determined, the high-frequency safe pulse current is applied to the power battery, the battery can generate heat by itself under the condition of not damaging the internal structure of the battery, the power battery is preheated, the lithium precipitation phenomenon is avoided while the low-temperature charging time is shortened, the low-temperature charging of the battery under different scenes is favorably realized, and the service life of the battery is favorably prolonged.

It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2a is a flowchart of a method for acquiring charging data of a power battery by pulse charging according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2b is a flowchart of a method for acquiring discharge data of a power battery by using pulse discharge according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2c is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention, illustrating an internal temperature sensing line;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device implementing the battery charging method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Example one

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a situation where heat is generated inside a battery without external heating, so that the battery is normally charged in a low-temperature environment, and the method may be executed by a battery charging apparatus, where the battery charging apparatus may be implemented in a hardware and/or software form, and the battery charging apparatus may be configured in a server, a personal computer, or a car battery. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:

s101, acquiring charging data obtained by charging the power battery in a pulse charging mode and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging mode.

A power battery is a secondary battery (rechargeable battery) that mainly operates by movement of lithium ions between a positive electrode and a negative electrode.

The charging data obtained when the power battery performs the charging test by adopting the pulse current represents the corresponding relation between the SOC (State of Charge) value and the ambient temperature of the power battery and the maximum bearable pulse charging current multiplying power. And charging by using the corresponding maximum sustainable pulse charging current multiplying power under the environment temperature and the SOC value, so that the power battery can be safely charged, and the lithium precipitation phenomenon of the power battery cannot occur.

The discharge data obtained when the power battery adopts pulse current to carry out discharge test represents the corresponding relation between the SOC value of the power battery, the environmental temperature phase and the maximum sustainable pulse discharge current multiplying power. And charging by using the corresponding maximum sustainable pulse discharge current multiplying power under the environment temperature and the SOC value, so that the power battery can be safely discharged, and the lithium precipitation phenomenon of the power battery cannot occur.

The charging data when the power battery adopts pulse charging and the discharging data when the power battery adopts pulse discharging are obtained, the maximum pulse charging current multiplying power and the maximum pulse discharging current multiplying power which can be born by the power battery under different SOC values and different environmental temperatures can be known, and therefore the safe pulse current multiplying power suitable for the power battery can be conveniently determined in the follow-up process.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding relationship between the charge data and the maximum sustainable pulse charge current rate is the SOC value, the corresponding relationship between the ambient temperature phase and the maximum sustainable pulse discharge current rate is an exemplary description of the embodiment of the present invention, and the corresponding relationship between the discharge data and the ambient temperature phase may also be other corresponding relationships in other embodiments of the present invention, which is only an example and is not limited in the present invention.

And S102, determining the safe pulse current of the power battery at the actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, wherein the safe pulse current represents the maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery during charging at the actual environment temperature.

Based on the obtained charging data and discharging data combined with the actual environment temperature of the current power battery, the maximum safe charging current and the maximum safe discharging current corresponding to the temperature and the SOC value are searched in the charging data and the discharging data, and therefore the safe pulse current corresponding to the current temperature and the SOC value can be determined according to preset rules and calculation methods.

The safety pulse current is the maximum current multiple value that the power battery can bear when charging at the actual ambient temperature. The safe pulse current is a relatively large current multiplying power, and the power battery can be normally charged without lithium precipitation under the condition that the safety of the power battery is ensured by using the safe pulse current to charge the lithium ions; the charging speed of the power battery in a low-temperature environment is improved, the charging capacity is increased, the low-temperature charging performance of lithium ions is ensured, and the battery can be protected.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, how to determine the safety pulse current corresponding to the current temperature and the SOC value according to the preset rule and the calculation method is not limited.

And S103, applying safe pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature to preheat the power battery.

In an embodiment of the invention, the actual ambient temperature is a temperature lower than ambient temperature, illustratively-2 ℃ in winter. The safe pulse current obtained by the calculation is applied to the power battery at the actual environment temperature, the pulse current is utilized to enable the interior of the lithium ion to generate heat, the temperature of the power battery is increased by means of self adjustment, the power battery is preheated, and the temperature of the power battery is increased to be suitable for charging.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature suitable for charging is not limited, and how to know the temperature of the power battery is also not limited.

And S104, charging the preheated power battery.

And formally charging the power battery preheated to the temperature suitable for charging.

The present invention is by way of example only and is not intended as limiting.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, charging data obtained by charging the power battery in a pulse charging mode and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging mode are obtained; determining the safe pulse current of the power battery at the actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, wherein the safe pulse current represents the maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery during charging at the actual environment temperature; applying safe pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature to preheat the power battery; and charging the preheated power battery. According to the embodiment of the invention, the maximum bearable safe pulse current under the tolerance capability of the power battery is firstly determined, the high-frequency safe pulse current is applied to the power battery, the battery can generate heat by itself under the condition of not damaging the internal structure of the battery, the power battery is preheated, the lithium precipitation phenomenon cannot be generated while the low-temperature charging time is shortened, the low-temperature charging of the battery under different scenes is favorably realized, and the service life of the battery is favorably prolonged.

Example two

This embodiment is a refinement of the steps of the above embodiment, and the method includes:

s201, acquiring charging data obtained by charging the power battery in a pulse charging mode and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging mode.

Fig. 2a is a flowchart of a method for acquiring charging data of a power battery using pulse charging according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2a, in some embodiments of the present invention, S201 includes:

and S2011, carrying out capacity test on the power battery by using the first charging rate at a preset temperature to obtain a first charging capacity.

The first charge rate is a fixed pulse current rate value used for a charge capacity test of the power battery. When charging data of pulse charging of the power battery is acquired, a plurality of preset different temperatures are provided, the charging capacity of the power battery is tested by using a first charging rate at the preset temperatures, and the capacity difference from no load to full load of the power battery is tested to serve as the first charging capacity.

Illustratively, a charging capacity test is carried out on the power battery at a preset temperature by using a pulse current of 0.1C, and a first charging capacity of the power battery is obtained.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the capacity test of the power battery by using the first charging rate of 0.1C is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the capacity test of the power battery by using the pulse current with other rate values may also be performed, and the present invention is only by way of example and is not limited thereto.

And S2012, discharging the power battery to a preset first voltage threshold value at a constant current by using a first discharge rate at a preset normal temperature.

And discharging the power battery with the first discharge multiplying power at constant current at a preset normal temperature environment until the voltage of the power battery reaches a first voltage threshold value. The first voltage threshold is a discharge termination voltage of the power battery, which means that the power battery is not suitable for further discharging when discharging to the voltage value, otherwise, the irreversible loss of part of electric quantity of lithium ions is caused, and the battery may be seriously damaged.

Illustratively, the power battery is subjected to constant-current discharge by using 1C at a normal temperature of 25 ℃ until the voltage value of the power battery reaches 2.5V.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, it is an exemplary description of the embodiment of the present invention that the power battery is discharged to 2.5V at a constant current by using the first discharge rate of 1C, and in other embodiments of the present invention, pulse currents with other rate values may also be used to discharge the power battery to reach the set first threshold value.

S2013, when the temperature of the power battery is the same as the ambient temperature, conducting pulse charging test on the power battery to obtain charging data representing the relation among the SOC value, the temperature value and the critical pulse charging rate.

And (4) placing the power battery until the temperature of the power battery is the same as the preset ambient temperature. When the temperature of the power battery is the same as the preset environmental temperature, pulse charging test is carried out on the power battery by using pulse current with a certain multiplying power, the maximum charging bearing capacity of the power battery is tested, and charging data representing the relation among the current SOC value, the current temperature value and the critical pulse charging multiplying power are obtained. The critical pulse charging rate is the maximum sustainable pulse charging current at the corresponding SOC value and the corresponding ambient temperature value.

In some embodiments of the invention, S2013 comprises:

and S1301, charging the power battery by using the second charging rate, and charging the power battery to a preset SOC value, wherein the preset SOC value is an SOC value taking the first charging capacity as a reference.

And charging the power battery by using the second charging rate, and increasing the SOC value of the power battery to a preset SOC value to prepare for the subsequent test of the critical pulse charging rate. The first charge capacity obtained in S2011 is used as a reference for calculating the preset SOC value, and the actual remaining capacity at the preset SOC value is determined.

Illustratively, the power battery is charged by using 0.1C current, and the SOC value of the power battery is adjusted to be 40% of the preset SOC value.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, charging with a current of 0.1C is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, charging with a current of another multiplying factor value may also be performed to charge the power battery to a preset SOC value.

S1302, pulse charging is carried out by using the maximum test current according to a preset pulse duration, and the charging test current and the charging test voltage are recorded at regular time.

The charging test current and the charging test voltage are data which can show whether the current power battery can be charged normally and safely, and the charging test current and the charging test voltage are changed along with the change of time.

The maximum test current is the maximum current capability which can be provided by the test equipment, the maximum test current is used for pulse charging according to the preset pulse duration, and the charging test current and the charging test voltage of the power battery are periodically and regularly recorded.

Illustratively, pulse charging is performed according to a preset pulse duration of 60 seconds by using the maximum test current, and the charging test current and the charging test voltage of the current power battery are recorded every 1 second.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, pulse charging is performed according to a preset pulse duration of 60 seconds by using a maximum test current, which is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, charging may also be performed according to a preset pulse duration of 30 seconds, 10 seconds, and the like, which is only an example and is not limited in the present invention.

S1303, judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage or not; if the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage, executing S1304; if the charging test voltage does not reach the first protection voltage, S1305 is executed.

The first protection voltage is a voltage for preventing the power battery from being overcharged, and prevents the power battery from being deteriorated in characteristics. When new charging test current and charging test voltage are collected, judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage, namely judging whether protection of the power battery is triggered, if the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage, indicating that the power battery is not in a safe and normal state at the moment, namely the charging test voltage is not within the tolerance capacity of the power battery, executing S1304, replacing the charging test voltage with a short preset pulse duration, returning to S1302, carrying out pulse charging according to the replaced pulse duration by using the maximum test current, and regularly recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage; if the charging test voltage does not reach the first protection voltage, it indicates that the current power battery is still in a safe and normal state, and S1305 is executed, the charging test current at this time is used as the maximum pulse charging current corresponding to the current preset SOC value and the current temperature under the pulse duration, and the maximum pulse charging current is a temporary value and can be temporarily used as the maximum bearable pulse charging current of the power battery at the current preset SOC value and the current preset temperature.

Specifically, if the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage, the pulse duration is changed, the operation returns to the step S1302, the maximum test current is reused to perform pulse charging according to the preset pulse duration, the charging test current and the charging test voltage are recorded at regular time and are judged, and charging data for charging with the maximum current capability at different pulse durations at the same SOC value and the same preset temperature can be obtained more efficiently.

Illustratively, whether the charging test voltage corresponding to the charging with the maximum test current with the pulse duration of 60 seconds reaches the first protection voltage or not is judged, if the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage, the pulse duration is changed to 30 seconds, the pulse charging is carried out according to the preset pulse duration by returning to use the maximum test current, the charging test current and the charging test voltage are recorded at regular time, and whether the charging test voltage corresponding to the charging with the maximum test current with the pulse duration of 30 seconds reaches the first protection voltage or not is judged again. And if the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage, changing the pulse duration to 10 seconds, returning to use the maximum test current to carry out pulse charging according to the preset pulse duration, and regularly recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage.

S1304, the pulse duration is changed, and the process returns to S1302.

And S1305, taking the charging test current as the maximum pulse charging current corresponding to the current preset SOC value and the current temperature under the pulse duration.

S1306, judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage or not when the maximum test current is used for pulse charging according to all preset pulse durations; if the charging test voltages all reach the first protection voltage, S1307 is executed.

And judging whether the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage when the pulse charging is carried out by using the fixed maximum test current under all the pulse duration, namely judging whether the battery protection is triggered when the pulse charging is carried out by using the fixed maximum test current under all the pulse duration. If the charging test voltage reaches the first protection voltage when pulse charging is carried out according to all preset pulse durations, the current multiplying power of the current maximum test current is not within the tolerance capability of the power battery, S1307 needs to be executed, the maximum charging test current corresponding to the current preset SOC value is reduced, S1302 is returned, pulse charging is carried out according to the preset pulse duration by using the replaced maximum test current, the steps of recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage regularly, and the maximum pulse charging current within the tolerance capability of the power battery is searched.

Exemplarily, judging whether the charging test voltage when pulse charging is carried out according to preset 60-second pulse duration, 30-second pulse duration and 10-second pulse duration by using the maximum test current reaches a first protection voltage; if the charging test voltages all reach the first protection voltage, executing step 1307, reducing the maximum charging test current corresponding to the current preset SOC value by 0.5C, returning to S1032, performing pulse charging according to the preset pulse duration by using the replaced maximum test current, and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, decreasing the maximum charging test current used corresponding to the current preset SOC value by 0.5C is an exemplary description of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the maximum charging test current may also be decreased according to different decreasing amplitudes in combination with an actual scenario, which is only an example and is not limited in the present invention.

And S1307, reducing the maximum charging test current used corresponding to the current preset SOC value, and returning to the S1302.

S1308, performing relaxation analysis on the voltage according to the maximum pulse charging current, and judging whether the power battery generates a lithium separation phenomenon; if the power battery does not generate the lithium separation phenomenon, executing S1309; if the lithium deposition phenomenon occurs in the power battery, S1310 is executed.

The relaxation voltage is an external expression of the internal state of the battery, can accurately reflect the tiny change of the internal state of the power battery, and breaks the original state of the internal state of the power battery when the lithium separation phenomenon occurs in the power battery. The relaxation voltage of the power battery can be changed due to the change of the internal state of the power battery, so that whether the lithium analysis phenomenon occurs in the power battery can be accurately judged by analyzing the relaxation voltage change characteristics of the power battery.

Performing relaxation analysis by using the obtained maximum pulse charging current and the corresponding charging test voltage thereof, judging whether the lithium analysis phenomenon occurs in the power battery, if the lithium analysis phenomenon does not occur, indicating that the lithium analysis phenomenon is within the tolerance capacity of the power battery, executing S1309, taking the current maximum pulse charging current as the current SOC value in the pulse charging rate table and the critical pulse charging current corresponding to the current preset temperature, and returning to the step of executing S1301; if the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur, it indicates that the current state of using the maximum pulse charging current is within the intolerance capability of the power battery, S1310 is executed to reduce the maximum charging test current corresponding to the current preset SOC value, the step of S1302 is returned to, and the critical pulse charging current within the tolerance capability of the power battery is continuously searched.

S1309, the maximum pulse charging current is used as the critical pulse charging current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse charging rate table, and the process returns to the step S1301.

And S1310, reducing the maximum charging test current used by the current preset SOC value, and returning to the step S1302.

The steps from S1301 to S1310 are performed according to the preset rule shown in fig. 2a, so as to obtain charging data at different pulse durations, i.e. a pulse charging rate table corresponding to the SOC value, the preset temperature and the critical pulse charging current at different pulse durations.

Illustratively, as shown in table 1, table 1 is a 30-second pulse duration charging rate table obtained by performing the steps between S1301 and S1310 according to a preset rule, that is, a partial content of charging data of the power battery using pulse charging.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the charging data further includes a pulse duration charging rate table corresponding to the preset pulse duration 60 seconds and 10 seconds.

Table 130 second pulse duration charging power table

Fig. 2b is a flowchart of a method for acquiring discharge data of a power battery using pulse discharge according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where in some embodiments of the present invention, S201 includes:

and S2014, carrying out capacity test on the power battery by using the second discharge rate at a preset temperature to obtain a first discharge capacity.

The second discharge rate is a fixed pulse current rate value used for testing the discharge capacity of the power battery. When the discharge data of the power battery adopting pulse discharge is obtained, a plurality of preset different temperatures are provided, the discharge capacity of the power battery is tested by using a second discharge multiplying power at the preset temperatures, and the capacity difference from full load to no load of the power battery is tested and used as a first discharge capacity.

Illustratively, a discharge capacity test is carried out on the power battery at a preset temperature by using a pulse current of 0.1C, and a first discharge capacity of the power battery is obtained.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the capacity test of the power battery by using the second discharge rate of 0.1C is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the capacity test of the power battery by using the pulse current with other rate values may also be performed, and the present invention is only by way of example and is not limited thereto.

And S2015, charging the power battery to a preset second voltage threshold value and a preset second current threshold value at a preset normal temperature by using a third charging rate at a constant current and constant voltage.

And under the preset normal-temperature environment temperature, charging the power battery with the third charging rate at constant current until the voltage of the power battery reaches a second voltage threshold value, and then changing the constant-voltage charging until the voltage of the power battery reaches a second current threshold value. The second voltage threshold is the cut-off voltage of the power battery, and the second current threshold is the cut-off current of the power battery, which means that the power battery is not suitable for being charged again when being charged to the voltage value and the current value, otherwise, the irreversible loss of part of the electric quantity of the lithium ions can be caused, and the battery can be damaged seriously.

Illustratively, the power battery is subjected to constant-current charging at the normal temperature of 25 ℃ by using 1C until the voltage value of the power battery reaches 3.5V, and then the constant-voltage charging is carried out until the voltage of the power battery reaches 0.05C.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the power battery is charged to 3.5V at the constant current by using the third charging rate of 1C, the power battery is changed into the constant voltage charging until the voltage of the power battery reaches 0.05C, which is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention.

And S2016, when the temperature of the power battery is the same as the ambient temperature, carrying out pulse discharge test on the power battery to obtain discharge data representing the relation among the SOC value, the temperature value and the critical pulse discharge rate.

And (4) placing the power battery until the temperature of the power battery is the same as the preset ambient temperature. When the temperature of the power battery is the same as the preset environment temperature, pulse discharge testing is carried out on the power battery by using pulse current with a certain multiplying power, the maximum discharge bearing capacity of the power battery is tested, and discharge data representing the relation among the current SOC value, the current temperature value and the critical pulse discharge multiplying power are obtained. The critical pulse discharge rate is the maximum sustainable pulse discharge current at the corresponding SOC value and the corresponding ambient temperature value.

In some embodiments of the invention, S2016 comprises:

and S1601, discharging the power battery by using the third discharge rate, and discharging the capacity of the power battery to a preset SOC value, wherein the preset SOC value is an SOC value taking the first discharge capacity as a reference.

And discharging the power battery by using the third discharge rate, and reducing the SOC value of the power battery to a preset SOC value to prepare for the subsequent test of the critical pulse discharge rate. And determining the actual residual capacity at the preset SOC value by using the first discharge capacity obtained in S2014 as a reference for calculating the preset SOC value.

Illustratively, the power battery is discharged by using 0.1C current, and the SOC value of the power battery is adjusted to be 40% of the preset SOC value.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, discharging with a current of 0.1C is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, discharging with a current of another rate value may also be used to discharge the power battery to a preset SOC value, which is only an example and is not limited in the present invention.

And S1602, performing pulse discharge by using the maximum test current according to a preset pulse duration, and recording discharge test current and discharge test voltage at regular time.

The discharge test current and the discharge test voltage are data which can show whether the current power battery can be normally and safely discharged or not, and the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage are changed along with the change of time.

The maximum test current is the maximum current capability which can be provided by the test equipment, the maximum test current is used for carrying out pulse discharge according to the preset pulse duration, and the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage of the power battery are periodically recorded at regular time.

Illustratively, the maximum test current is used for pulse discharge according to a preset pulse duration of 60 seconds, and the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage of the current power battery are recorded every 1 second.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, pulse discharge is performed according to a preset pulse duration of 60 seconds by using a maximum test current, which is an exemplary illustration of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, discharge may also be performed according to a preset pulse duration of 30 seconds, 10 seconds, and the like, which is only an example and is not limited in the present invention.

S1603, judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage or not; if the discharging test voltage reaches the second protection voltage, executing S1604; if the discharging test voltage does not reach the second protection voltage, S1605 is executed.

The second protection voltage is a voltage for preventing the power battery from being excessively discharged, preventing the power battery from deteriorating. When new discharge test current and discharge test voltage are collected, judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches second protection voltage, namely judging whether protection of the power battery is triggered, if the discharge test voltage reaches the second protection voltage, indicating that the power battery is not in a safe and normal state at the moment, namely the discharge test voltage is not within the tolerance capacity of the power battery, executing S1604, replacing the discharge test voltage with a short preset pulse duration, returning to S1602, performing pulse discharge according to the replaced pulse duration by using the maximum test current, and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time; if the discharge test voltage does not reach the second protection voltage, it indicates that the current power battery is still in a safe and normal state, and S1605 is executed, the discharge test current at this time is used as the maximum pulse discharge current corresponding to the current preset SOC value and the current temperature under the pulse duration, and the maximum pulse discharge current is a temporary value and can be temporarily used as the maximum pulse discharge current that the power battery can bear at the current preset SOC value and the current preset temperature.

Specifically, if the discharge test voltage reaches the second protection voltage, the pulse duration is changed, the operation returns to S1602, the maximum test current is reused to perform pulse discharge according to the preset pulse duration, the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage are recorded at regular time, and judgment is performed, so that discharge data of discharge performed by using the maximum current capability for different pulse durations at the same SOC value and the same preset temperature can be obtained more efficiently.

Illustratively, whether the discharge test voltage corresponding to the discharge using the 60-second pulse duration maximum test current reaches the second protection voltage or not is judged, if the discharge test voltage reaches the second protection voltage, the pulse duration is changed to 30 seconds, the pulse discharge is performed according to the preset pulse duration by returning to use the maximum test current, the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage are recorded at regular time, and whether the discharge test voltage corresponding to the discharge using the 30-second pulse duration maximum test current reaches the second protection voltage or not is judged again. And if the discharge test voltage reaches the second protection voltage, changing the pulse duration to 10 seconds, returning to use the maximum test current to perform pulse discharge according to the preset pulse duration, and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time.

S1604, the pulse duration is changed, and the process returns to S1602.

And S1605, taking the discharging test current as the maximum pulse discharging current corresponding to the current preset SOC value and the current temperature under the pulse duration.

S1606, judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage when the maximum test current is used for pulse discharge according to all preset pulse duration; if the discharge test voltages all reach the second protection voltage, S1607 is executed.

And judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches the second protection voltage when pulse discharge is carried out by using the fixed maximum test current in all pulse durations, namely judging whether battery protection is triggered when pulse discharge is carried out by using the fixed maximum test current in all pulse durations. If the discharging test voltage reaches the second protection voltage when pulse discharging is carried out according to all preset pulse durations, the current multiplying power of the current maximum test current is not within the tolerance capability of the power battery, S1607 needs to be executed, the maximum discharging test current used correspondingly by the current preset SOC value is reduced, S1602 is returned to use the changed maximum test current to carry out pulse discharging according to the preset pulse duration, the discharging test current and the discharging test voltage are recorded regularly, and the maximum pulse discharging current within the tolerance capability of the power battery is searched.

Exemplarily, judging whether the discharge test voltage when pulse discharge is carried out by using the maximum test current according to preset pulse duration of 60 seconds, pulse duration of 30 seconds and pulse duration of 10 seconds reaches a second protection voltage; if the discharging test voltages reach the second protection voltage, executing a step 1607, reducing the maximum discharging test current corresponding to the current preset SOC value by 0.5C, returning to the step S1032, performing pulse discharging according to the preset pulse duration by using the replaced maximum testing current, and recording the discharging test current and the discharging test voltage at regular time.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, decreasing the maximum discharge test current used corresponding to the currently preset SOC value by 0.5C is an exemplary description of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the maximum discharge test current may also be decreased according to different decreasing amplitudes in combination with an actual scene, which is only an example and is not limited in the present invention.

S1607, reducing the maximum discharging test current used corresponding to the current preset SOC value, and returning to the step of S1602.

S1608, carrying out relaxation analysis on the voltage according to the maximum pulse discharge current, and judging whether the power battery generates a lithium separation phenomenon; if the power battery does not generate the lithium separation phenomenon, executing S1609; if the lithium deposition occurs, S1610 is executed.

Performing relaxation analysis by using the obtained maximum pulse discharge current and the corresponding discharge test voltage, judging whether the power battery generates a lithium analysis phenomenon, if the lithium analysis phenomenon does not occur, indicating that the power battery is within the tolerance capacity of the power battery, executing S1609, taking the current maximum pulse discharge current as a critical pulse discharge current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current preset temperature in the pulse discharge rate table, and returning to the step of executing S1601; if the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur, it indicates that the current state of using the maximum pulse discharge current is within the intolerance capability of the power battery, S1610 needs to be executed to reduce the maximum discharge test current corresponding to the current preset SOC value, and the step of S1602 is returned to continue to search for the critical pulse discharge current within the tolerance capability of the power battery.

S1609, the maximum pulse discharge current is used as the critical pulse discharge current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse discharge rate table, and the process returns to the step of S1601.

And S1610, reducing the maximum discharge test current corresponding to the current preset SOC value, and returning to the step S1610.

The steps from S1601 to S1610 are performed according to the preset rule shown in fig. 2b, so as to obtain the discharge data under different pulse durations, i.e. the pulse discharge power table corresponding to the SOC value, the preset temperature and the critical pulse discharge current under different pulse durations.

Illustratively, as shown in table 2, table 2 is a 30-second pulse duration discharge rate table obtained by performing the steps between S1601 to S1610 according to a preset rule, that is, a partial content of discharge data of the power battery using pulse discharge.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the discharge data further includes a pulse duration discharge rate table corresponding to the preset pulse duration 60 seconds and 10 seconds.

Discharge multiplying power meter for 230 second pulse duration

And S202, determining the safe pulse current of the power battery at the actual environment temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data, wherein the safe pulse current represents the maximum current value which can be borne by the power battery in the actual environment temperature.

For example, the charging data is the corresponding relationship of the SOC value, the temperature and the critical pulse charging current as shown in table 1; the discharge data is the corresponding relationship among the SOC value, the temperature, and the critical pulse discharge current shown in table 2. And determining the safe pulse current based on the charging data and the discharging data by combining the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value of the current power battery.

In some embodiments of the invention, S202 comprises:

and S2021, acquiring the actual ambient temperature and the actual SOC value of the power battery.

The actual ambient temperature is the ambient temperature in the actual scene of low-temperature charging, and the actual SOC value of the power battery is the SOC value of the power battery in the current actual scene.

S2022, according to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value, inquiring safe charging current in the charging data.

Specifically, a pulse charging rate table corresponding to the pulse duration in the charging data is selected according to the actual working condition, and if the actual pulse duration is 30 seconds, the 30-second pulse charging rate table shown in table 1 is used. And inquiring the critical pulse charging current corresponding to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value in the 30-second pulse charging power table to serve as the safe charging current under the actual condition.

For example, when the current actual temperature is 10 ℃ and the actual SOC value of the power battery is 10%, the corresponding critical pulse charging current is found to be 1.2C, and the value is used as the safe charging current under the actual condition.

S2023, according to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value, safe discharging current is inquired in discharging data.

Specifically, a pulse discharge rate table corresponding to the pulse duration in the discharge data is selected according to the actual operating condition, and if the actual pulse duration is 30 seconds, the 30-second pulse discharge rate table shown in table 2 is used. And inquiring the critical pulse discharge current corresponding to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value in the 30-second pulse discharge power table as the safe discharge current under the actual condition.

For example, when the current actual temperature is 10 ℃ and the actual SOC value of the power battery is 10%, the corresponding critical pulse discharge current is found to be 0.8C, and the value is used as the safe discharge current under the actual condition.

S2024, judging whether the safe charging current is larger than the safe discharging current; if the safe charging current is greater than the safe discharging current, executing S2025; if the safe charging current is less than or equal to the safe discharging current, S2026 is executed.

And selecting a larger value between the inquired safe charging current and the safe discharging current as the final safe pulse current of the power battery.

Illustratively, the safe charging current is 1.2C, the safe discharging current is 0.8C, and the comparison is performed to determine whether the safe charging current is greater than the safe discharging current, where 1.2C is greater than 0.8C, then S2025 is performed to use the greater safe charging current 1.2C as the maximum sustainable safe pulse current for charging the power battery.

It should be noted that, the actual data in the embodiment of the present invention are all exemplary data, and in other embodiments of the present invention, other different data may be based on different operating conditions, actual ambient temperatures, actual SOC values, and the like.

S2025, determining the safe charging current as a safe pulse current;

and S2026, determining the safe discharge current as a safe pulse current.

And S203, applying safety pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature to preheat the power battery.

In some embodiments of the invention, S203 comprises:

s2031, safe pulse current is applied to the power battery.

And applying the obtained safe pulse current to the power battery in the low-temperature environment. Specifically, the pulse frequency of the safety pulse current may be adjusted and changed according to the real-time conditions of the internal temperature and the external temperature of each point of the battery, for example, when the internal temperature reaches the preset charging temperature threshold and the external temperature does not reach the preset charging temperature threshold, the frequency of the safety pulse current is adaptively reduced, so that the power battery is heated slowly.

Illustratively, 1.2C safe pulse current with any frequency in the pulse frequency range of 500 Hz-1200 Hz is applied, and the adaptive adjustment is carried out according to the internal temperature and the external temperature of each point of the power battery.

It should be noted that, the pulse frequency range of 500Hz to 1200Hz in the embodiment of the present invention is only exemplary and is used for preventing the power battery from being heated too fast or too slow, and in other embodiments of the present invention, other different pulse frequency ranges may also be provided, which is only an example and is not limited.

S2032, obtaining the internal temperature of the power battery collected by the internal temperature induction line.

The internal temperature induction line is arranged inside the power battery and used for collecting the internal temperature in the power battery. For example, fig. 2c is a schematic structural diagram of an arrangement of an internal temperature sensing wire according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2c, the internal temperature sensing wire penetrates through a circular hole formed on an upper side of a battery cover plate, and then a head of the internal temperature sensing wire is stood at a specific position in a jelly roll by using a high temperature adhesive. And arranging the internal temperature induction lines at corresponding positions, and collecting temperature values of a plurality of point positions. The point location at least comprises: the middle point of the copper adapter sheet, the middle point of the copper tab, the top of the roll core, the bottom of the roll core, the center of the roll core and the like.

It should be noted that, the setting method and the point location of the internal induction line in the embodiment of the present invention are exemplary descriptions of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, other setting methods and point locations may also be provided.

S2033, acquiring the external temperature of the power battery acquired by the external temperature induction line.

The external temperature induction line is arranged outside the power battery and used for collecting the external temperature of the surface of the power battery. Illustratively, external temperature sensing wires are provided on the poles and the housing of the power battery for monitoring the temperature on the poles and the housing on the surface of the power battery.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, taking the temperature on the pole and the temperature on the housing as the external temperatures is an exemplary description of the embodiment of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the external temperatures may also include temperatures of other points.

S2034, judging whether the internal temperature and the external temperature both reach preset charging temperature thresholds; if both the internal temperature and the external temperature reach the preset charging temperature threshold, S2035 is performed.

When the safety pulse current is applied to the power battery, whether the internal temperature and the external temperature reach preset charging temperature thresholds or not is continuously monitored, if the internal temperature and the external temperature both reach the corresponding charging temperature thresholds, the power battery is heated to the temperature threshold suitable for charging, the power battery can be charged normally, S2035 is executed to stop applying the safety pulse current to the power battery, and the self-heating of the power battery is not carried out any more.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, there is no limitation on whether both the internal temperature and the external temperature reach the preset charging temperature threshold, and the preset charging temperature threshold in the embodiment of the present invention may be an accurate temperature value or a temperature range threshold; the charging temperature threshold may be a single value, or each point may have a corresponding charging temperature threshold.

S2035, execution of step S2031 is stopped.

And S204, charging the preheated power battery.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the power battery is charged and discharged by obtaining the safety pulse current with higher multiplying power through the charging data and the discharging data without depending on external heating, so that the battery can be heated to the charging temperature threshold value automatically, and then the preheated power battery is charged, so that the charging time of the power battery can be reduced, the temperature of the power battery can be increased in a low-temperature environment, the battery is protected, the situation of serious lithium precipitation of the power battery in the circulating charging process is prevented, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

EXAMPLE III

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes:

the data acquisition module 301 is configured to acquire charging data obtained by charging the power battery in a pulse charging manner and discharging data obtained by discharging the power battery in a pulse discharging manner;

a safety pulse current determination module 302, configured to determine, based on the charging data and the discharging data, a safety pulse current of the power battery at an actual ambient temperature, where the safety pulse current represents a maximum current value that the power battery can withstand during charging at the actual ambient temperature;

the preheating module 303 is configured to apply the safety pulse current to the power battery at the actual ambient temperature to preheat the power battery;

and the charging module 304 is used for charging the preheated power battery.

Optionally, the data obtaining module 301 includes:

the first charging capacity determining submodule is used for carrying out capacity test on the power battery by using a first charging multiplying power at a preset temperature to obtain a first charging capacity;

the constant-current discharge sub-module is used for discharging the power battery to a preset first voltage threshold value in a constant-current mode at a preset normal temperature by using a first discharge rate;

and the charging data generation submodule is used for carrying out pulse charging test on the power battery when the temperature of the power battery is the same as the ambient temperature so as to obtain charging data representing the relationship among the SOC value, the temperature value and the critical pulse charging rate.

Optionally, the charging data generation sub-module includes:

the charging adjustment unit is used for charging the power battery by using a second charging rate and charging the power battery to a preset SOC value, and the preset SOC value is an SOC value taking the first charging capacity as a reference;

the charging test data recording unit is used for carrying out pulse charging according to preset pulse duration by using the maximum test current and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time;

the first protection voltage judging unit is used for judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage or not;

the first pulse duration replacing unit is used for replacing the pulse duration, returning to execute the steps of performing pulse charging by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time;

a maximum pulse charging current determining unit, configured to use the charging test current as a maximum pulse charging current corresponding to the current preset SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse duration;

the first pulse duration judging unit is used for judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage when the maximum test current is used for carrying out pulse charging according to all the preset pulse durations;

the first maximum charging test current reduction unit is used for reducing the maximum charging test current used corresponding to the current preset SOC value, returning to execute the step of carrying out pulse charging on the maximum charging test current according to the preset pulse duration and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time;

the first relaxation analysis unit is used for carrying out relaxation analysis on the voltage according to the maximum pulse charging current and judging whether the power battery generates a lithium analysis phenomenon;

a critical pulse charging current determining unit, configured to use the maximum pulse charging current as a critical pulse charging current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse charging rate table, return to the step of charging the power battery using the second charging rate, charge the power battery to a preset SOC value, and adjust the capacity of the power battery to a next preset SOC value;

and the second maximum charging test current reducing unit is used for reducing the maximum charging test current correspondingly used by the preset SOC value at present, returning to execute the steps of performing pulse charging by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time.

Optionally, the data obtaining module 301 includes:

the first discharge capacity determining submodule is used for carrying out capacity test on the power battery by using a second discharge rate at a preset temperature to obtain a first discharge capacity;

the constant-current charging submodule is used for charging the power battery to a preset second voltage threshold value and a preset second current threshold value at a preset normal temperature by using a third charging rate;

and the discharge data generation submodule is used for carrying out pulse discharge test on the power battery when the temperature of the power battery is the same as the ambient temperature to obtain discharge data representing the relation among the SOC value, the temperature value and the critical pulse discharge rate.

Optionally, the discharge data generation submodule includes:

the discharge adjusting unit is used for discharging the power battery by using a third discharge rate and discharging the capacity of the power battery to a preset SOC value, and the preset SOC value is an SOC value taking the first discharge capacity as a reference;

the discharge test data recording unit is used for carrying out pulse discharge according to preset pulse duration by using the maximum test current and recording discharge test current and discharge test voltage at regular time;

the second protection voltage judging unit is used for judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage or not;

the second pulse duration replacing unit is used for replacing the pulse duration, returning to execute the steps of performing pulse discharge by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time;

a maximum pulse discharge current determining unit, configured to use the discharge test current as a maximum pulse discharge current corresponding to the current preset SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse duration;

the second pulse duration judging unit is used for judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage when pulse discharge is carried out by using the maximum test current according to all the preset pulse durations;

the first maximum discharge test current reduction unit is used for reducing the maximum discharge test current used corresponding to the current preset SOC value, returning to execute the steps of performing pulse discharge on the maximum discharge test current according to preset pulse duration, and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time;

the second relaxation analysis unit is used for performing relaxation analysis on the voltage according to the maximum pulse discharge current and judging whether the lithium analysis phenomenon occurs in the power battery;

a critical pulse discharge current determining unit, configured to use the maximum pulse discharge current as a critical pulse discharge current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse discharge rate table, and return to the step of discharging the power battery using a third discharge rate, and discharging the power battery capacity to a preset SOC value;

and the second maximum discharge test current reduction unit is used for reducing the maximum discharge test current used corresponding to the current preset SOC value, returning to execute the steps of performing pulse discharge by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time.

Optionally, the safety pulse current determining module 302 includes:

the actual data acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the actual ambient temperature and the actual SOC value of the power battery;

the safe charging current query submodule is used for querying a safe charging current in the charging data according to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value;

the safe discharge current query submodule is used for querying a safe discharge current in the discharge data according to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value;

the preference sub-module is used for judging whether the safe charging current is larger than the safe discharging current or not;

a first safety pulse current determination submodule for determining the safety charging current as a safety pulse current;

and the second safety pulse current determination submodule is used for determining the safety discharge current as a safety pulse current.

Optionally, the preheating module 303 includes:

the safety pulse current applying submodule is used for applying the safety pulse current to the power battery;

the internal temperature acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the internal temperature of the power battery acquired by the internal temperature induction line;

the external temperature acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the external temperature of the power battery acquired by an external temperature induction line;

a charging temperature threshold judgment submodule for judging whether both the internal temperature and the external temperature reach a preset charging temperature threshold;

and the heating stopping submodule is used for stopping executing the step of applying the safety pulse current to the power battery.

The battery charging device provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the battery charging method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

Example four

FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device 10 that may be used to implement an embodiment of the invention. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed herein.

As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM)12, a Random Access Memory (RAM)13, and the like, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various suitable actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM)12 or the computer program loaded from a storage unit 18 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.

A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16 such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 17 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 18 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 19 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunication networks.

Processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, or the like. The processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a battery charging method.

In some embodiments, the battery charging method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the battery charging method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform the battery charging method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

A computer program for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the processor, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be performed. A computer program can execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.

In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

The computing system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical host and VPS service are overcome.

It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above may be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.

The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of charging a battery, comprising:

and charging the preheated power battery.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the charging data obtained by charging the power battery by using a pulse charging method comprises:

carrying out capacity test on the power battery by using a first charging rate at a preset temperature to obtain a first charging capacity;

under a preset normal temperature, discharging the power battery to a preset first voltage threshold value at a constant current by using a first discharge rate;

and when the temperature of the power battery is the same as the ambient temperature, carrying out pulse charging test on the power battery to obtain charging data representing the relationship among the SOC value, the temperature value and the critical pulse charging rate.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein performing a pulse charging test on the power battery to obtain charging data representing a relationship between the SOC value, the temperature value, and the critical pulse charging rate comprises:

charging the power battery by using a second charging rate, and charging the power battery to a preset SOC value, wherein the preset SOC value is an SOC value taking the first charging capacity as a reference;

pulse charging is carried out by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and the charging test current and the charging test voltage are recorded at regular time;

judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage or not;

if the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage, replacing the pulse duration, returning to the step of executing pulse charging by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and regularly recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage;

if the charging test voltage does not reach a first protection voltage, taking the charging test current as the current preset SOC value and the current maximum pulse charging current corresponding to the temperature under the pulse duration;

judging whether the charging test voltage reaches a first protection voltage or not when the maximum test current is used for pulse charging according to all the preset pulse durations;

if the charging test voltages reach a first protection voltage, reducing the maximum charging test current corresponding to the preset SOC value, returning to execute the step of performing pulse charging on the maximum charging test current according to a preset pulse duration, and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time;

carrying out relaxation analysis on the voltage according to the maximum pulse charging current, and judging whether the power battery generates a lithium separation phenomenon;

if the power battery does not generate a lithium separation phenomenon, taking the maximum pulse charging current as a critical pulse charging current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse charging rate table, returning to the step of charging the power battery by using a second charging rate, charging the power battery to a preset SOC value, and adjusting the capacity of the power battery to a next preset SOC value;

and if the lithium separation phenomenon is generated by the power battery, reducing the maximum charging test current corresponding to the preset SOC value, returning to execute the step of carrying out pulse charging by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and recording the charging test current and the charging test voltage at regular time.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining discharge data for a power cell using pulsed discharge comprises:

carrying out capacity test on the power battery by using a second discharge rate at a preset temperature to obtain a first discharge capacity;

at a preset normal temperature, charging the power battery to a preset second voltage threshold value and a preset second current threshold value at a constant current and constant voltage by using a third charging rate;

and when the temperature of the power battery is the same as the ambient temperature, carrying out pulse discharge test on the power battery to obtain discharge data representing the relationship among the SOC value, the temperature value and the critical pulse discharge rate.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein obtaining discharge data representing a relationship between the SOC value, the temperature value, and the critical pulse discharge rate comprises:

discharging the power battery by using a third discharge rate, and discharging the capacity of the power battery to a preset SOC value, wherein the preset SOC value is an SOC value taking the first discharge capacity as a reference;

pulse discharging is carried out by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage are recorded at regular time;

judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage or not;

if the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage, replacing the pulse duration, returning to the step of executing pulse discharge by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time;

if the discharge test voltage does not reach a second protection voltage, taking the discharge test current as the current preset SOC value and the current maximum pulse discharge current corresponding to the temperature under the pulse duration;

judging whether the discharge test voltage reaches a second protection voltage when the maximum test current is used for pulse discharge according to all the preset pulse durations;

if the discharging test voltages reach a second protection voltage, reducing the maximum discharging test current correspondingly used by the current preset SOC value, returning to the step of executing pulse discharging of the maximum using test current according to a preset pulse duration, and recording the discharging test current and the discharging test voltage at regular time;

carrying out relaxation analysis on the voltage according to the maximum pulse discharge current, and judging whether the power battery generates a lithium separation phenomenon;

if the power battery does not generate a lithium analysis phenomenon, taking the maximum pulse discharge current as a critical pulse discharge current corresponding to the current SOC value and the current temperature in the pulse discharge rate table, returning to the step of discharging the power battery by using a third discharge rate and discharging the capacity of the power battery to a preset SOC value;

and if the lithium separation phenomenon is generated, reducing the maximum discharge test current corresponding to the preset SOC value, returning to execute the steps of performing pulse discharge by using the maximum test current according to the preset pulse duration, and recording the discharge test current and the discharge test voltage at regular time.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein determining the safety pulse current of the power battery at a preset temperature based on the charging data and the discharging data comprises:

acquiring an actual ambient temperature and an actual SOC value of the power battery;

inquiring safe charging current in the charging data according to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value;

inquiring safe discharge current in the discharge data according to the actual environment temperature and the actual SOC value;

judging whether the safe charging current is larger than the safe discharging current;

if the safe charging current is larger than the safe discharging current, determining the safe charging current as safe pulse current;

and if the safe charging current is less than or equal to the safe discharging current, determining the safe discharging current as safe pulse current.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein said applying said safety pulse current to said power cell at said actual ambient temperature to preheat said power cell comprises:

applying the safe pulse current to the power battery;

acquiring the internal temperature of the power battery acquired by an internal temperature sensing line;

acquiring the external temperature of the power battery acquired by an external temperature sensing line;

judging whether the internal temperature and the external temperature both reach a preset charging temperature threshold value;

and if the internal temperature and the external temperature both reach a preset charging temperature threshold value, stopping executing the step of applying the safety pulse current to the power battery.

8. A battery charging apparatus, comprising:

a safety pulse current determination module, configured to determine, based on the charging data and the discharging data, a safety pulse current of the power battery at an actual ambient temperature, where the safety pulse current represents a maximum current value that the power battery can withstand during charging at the actual ambient temperature;

the preheating module is used for applying the safe pulse current to the power battery at the actual environment temperature so as to preheat the power battery;

and the charging module is used for charging the preheated power battery.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:

at least one processor; and

the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the battery charging method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing a processor, when executed, to implement the battery charging method of any one of claims 1-7.