CN114771057A - High-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114771057A CN114771057A CN202210320758.8A CN202210320758A CN114771057A CN 114771057 A CN114771057 A CN 114771057A CN 202210320758 A CN202210320758 A CN 202210320758A CN 114771057 A CN114771057 A CN 114771057A
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- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention relates to a high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric which comprises a non-woven fabric layer and an antistatic breathable layer on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer, wherein micropores are formed in the antistatic breathable layer; the antistatic breathable layer comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, the bottom layer close to the non-woven fabric layer is a polyolefin breathable film, and the surface layer is an antistatic PE breathable film added with an antistatic agent. The antistatic agent is added into the surface layer of the breathable layer to form the breathable layer with the antistatic effect on the surface. The antistatic agent is added into the surface layer of the breathable layer, so that the phenomenon that the antistatic agent added into the fiber non-woven fabric layer in the prior art migrates upwards into the breathable layer to affect the moisture permeability and induce the breathable layer to yellow can be effectively avoided; meanwhile, the apparent performance of the protective fabric is not affected, so that the prepared antistatic protective fabric has a good antistatic effect and a longer service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of protective clothing, and particularly relates to a high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Static electricity is a discharge phenomenon generated by unbalance of the quantity of positive and negative charges on the surface of an object caused by external force factors such as friction, contact and collision of the solid surface. In life, a large amount of static electricity is accumulated on the surface of clothes, so that the clothes can adsorb dust, the clothes can be adhered to the body, and people feel uncomfortable in daily activities and works. But also can cause instant shock to human body, which can cause damage to human heart, nerve and other parts, and cause the shock, reaction, discomfort, mental stress and the like. On the other hand, static electricity can also affect normal industrial production, for example, in the electronic industry, static electricity is one of the important causes of computer and other electronic components failure, and can break down components seriously, so that the components are directly scrapped; in the textile industry, due to the influence of static electricity, the phenomena of breakage, horn mouth blockage, machine part winding and the like of a loose fiber net can be caused; in the medical and health industry, the medicine can adsorb dust due to static electricity, so that the quality of the medicine cannot be guaranteed; especially in high-grade pathogenic microorganism laboratories, the adsorption of static electricity can cause pathogens to be adsorbed to protective clothing and then brought out of the laboratory, and in severe cases, pathogenic transmission of pathogens can also be caused, resulting in unpredictable loss.
The traditional antistatic treatment technology mainly adopts the following technologies: 1) one is to add a surfactant to the surface of the molding material (for example, chinese patent CN111746057A), but the antistatic effect inevitably decreases gradually as the number of washing times increases; 2) one is that an antistatic agent is added into a high polymer in a molten state, and then various fibers are prepared by spinning (for example, chinese patent CN102071496A), but the action principle of the antistatic agent in polymer fibers is that the antistatic agent migrates to the fiber surface, and a layer of water film is adsorbed on the fiber surface by using the hydrophilic part in the antistatic agent molecules to enhance the surface conductivity of the fiber, but the existing protective clothing fabric usually needs to add a layer of breathable layer on the surface of the fiber nonwoven fabric, and the antistatic agent on the surface of the fiber nonwoven fabric inevitably migrates upwards into the breathable layer, which affects the breathable performance and the surface performance (for example, oxidation yellowing or fabric becoming brittle and hard, etc.), and further affects the service life of the product; 3) another effective method is to add inorganic conductive fillers (such as graphite, carbon black or metal fillers) to the polymer in the molten state, but inorganic fillers are difficult to disperse in the polymer and have some corrosive effect on the polymer matrix, and the hand and appearance of the polymer fibers are also affected by the inorganic salts.
Therefore, it is required to develop a long-lasting antistatic protective fabric with long service life and high moisture permeability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the antistatic effect in the existing antistatic fabric still needs to be improved and the service life is short, and provides a long-acting antistatic protective fabric with long service life and high moisture permeability.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric in the preparation of protective clothing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high moisture-permeable long-acting antistatic protective fabric comprises a non-woven fabric layer and an antistatic breathable layer on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer, wherein micropores are formed in the antistatic breathable layer; the antistatic breathable layer comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer close to the non-woven fabric layer is a polyolefin breathable film, and the surface layer is an antistatic PE breathable film added with an antistatic agent; the pore diameter of the micropores is micron-sized.
The invention forms a breathable layer with antistatic effect on the surface by adding an antistatic agent into the surface layer of the breathable layer, and particularly relates to an antistatic PE breathable film added with the antistatic agent, which is compounded on the surface of a conventional breathable film (namely a polyolefin breathable film). The antistatic agent is added into the surface layer of the breathable layer, so that the phenomenon that the antistatic agent added into the fiber non-woven fabric layer in the prior art migrates upwards into the breathable layer to influence the moisture permeability and induce the breathable layer to yellow can be effectively avoided; meanwhile, the apparent performance of the protective fabric is not affected, so that the prepared antistatic protective fabric has a good antistatic effect and a longer service life.
Preferably, the gram weight of the polyolefin breathable film is 14-24 g/m2More preferably 14g/m2(ii) a The gram weight of the antistatic PE breathable film is 14-24 g/m2More preferably 14g/m2。
Preferably, the weight ratio of the polyolefin breathable film to the antistatic PE breathable film is (1.5-3): 1.
Conventional nonwoven fabrics can be used in the present invention. Preferably, the non-woven fabric in the non-woven fabric layer is single S, SS and SSS spun-bonded polypropylene non-woven fabric.
Further preferably, the nonwoven fabric in the nonwoven fabric layer is an SSS nonwoven fabric.
Preferably, the polyolefin resin in the polyolefin breathable film is one or a combination of LLDPE, MLLDPE or LDPE.
Preferably, an inorganic filler which is favorable for pore forming is also added into the polyolefin breathable film. The inorganic filler is heavy calcium carbonate.
Preferably, in the polyolefin breathable film, the weight ratio of the inorganic filler to the polyolefin resin is (1 to 1.5: 1).
In the preferable dosage range of the invention, the prepared polyolefin breathable film has uniform micropore diameter, more uniform distribution and better breathable effect.
Preferably, the antistatic agent is a polyether block polyamide.
Preferably, in the antistatic PE breathable film, the weight ratio of the antistatic agent to PE is (0.4-0.8): 1; further preferably 0.5: 1.
By selecting the macromolecular antistatic agent in the preferable dosage range, micropores which are more consistent in pore size and more uniform in distribution can be formed in the antistatic PE breathable film, so that the prepared antistatic protective fabric has more excellent antistatic effect and breathability.
Preferably, the non-woven fabric layer and the antistatic breathable layer are connected through composite glue.
Preferably, the composite glue is a hot melt adhesive, and further preferably a PUR glue.
The preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of antistatic breathable layer
S11, uniformly mixing inorganic filler and polyolefin to obtain a mixture 1 (namely a mixed raw material for preparing a polyolefin breathable film);
s12, uniformly mixing the antistatic agent and the PE to obtain a mixture 2 (namely a mixed raw material for preparing the antistatic PE breathable film);
s13, respectively adding the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 into different feed inlets of a co-extrusion extruder, and obtaining the antistatic breathable layer after melt co-extrusion, flow casting and film blowing;
s2, preparation of high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric
And (3) bonding the non-woven fabric and one surface of the polyolefin breathable film in the antistatic breathable layer prepared in the step S1 by using composite glue, so as to obtain the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric.
According to the invention, a film blowing process is selected to prepare the antistatic breathable layer, and in the film blowing process, microporous structures with certain sizes are respectively formed in the polyolefin breathable film and the antistatic PE breathable film through a stretching hole making mechanism, so that on one hand, the microporous structures are convenient for air exchange at two sides of the antistatic breathable layer and discharge moisture; on the other hand, a conductive channel can be formed in the antistatic PE breathable film, so that the antistatic performance of the fabric is improved, and meanwhile, the antistatic effect of the fabric can be still kept at a higher level after the fabric is wiped or washed for many times.
Preferably, in step S13, the temperature of melt coextrusion is 180 to 270 ℃, specifically, the temperature from the feed port to each zone of the head is 210 ℃, 210 ℃ and 240 ℃, respectively.
Preferably, in the step S13, the blow-up ratio of the blown film is 1-3.
Preferably, the step S2. the bonding of the high moisture permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric is carried out on a high-speed compounding machine.
Preferably, in the step S2, the using amount of the composite glue is 1.6-2.8 g/m2More preferably 2g/m2。
Preferably, the gram weight of the non-woven fabric layer is 15-80 g/m2More preferably 40g/m2。
The application of the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric in the preparation of protective clothing is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the antistatic agent is added into the surface layer of the breathable layer, and the antistatic PE breathable film added with the antistatic agent is compounded on the surface of the conventional breathable film (namely the polyolefin breathable film), so that the prepared antistatic protective fabric has a good antistatic effect and a longer service life.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high moisture-permeable long-acting antistatic protective fabric prepared in embodiments 1 to 25 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples and drawings, which are not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the following raw materials:
non-woven fabrics:
non-woven fabric-1 #: SSS spunbond nonwoven, specification: 1600mm by 40g, available from Guangdong gold technologies, Inc.;
non-woven fabric-2 #: SS spunbond nonwoven, specification: 1600mm by 40g, available from Guangdong gold technologies, Inc.;
non-woven fabric-3 #: s spun-bonded non-woven fabric, specification: 1600mm x 40g, available from Guangdong gold Sci technologies ltd;
non-woven fabric-4 #: SS spunbond nonwoven, specification: 1600mm 15g, available from Guangdong gold technologies Inc.;
non-woven fabric-5 #: s spun-bonded non-woven fabric, specification: 1600mm 80g, available from Guangdong gold Sci technologies, Inc.;
inorganic filler:
1: ground calcium carbonate 1, average particle size 0.5 microns, available from Omya;
2: ground calcium carbonate 2, average particle size 1.5 microns, available from Imerys;
3: ground calcium carbonate 3, average particle size 3 microns, available from Imerys;
polyolefin resin:
polyolefin-1: LLDPE, LLDPE DFDA-7042 are available from China oil and gas Co., Ltd;
polyolefin-2: MLLDPE, MLLDPE DFDA-7044, available from Petroleum gas, Inc., China;
antistatic agent: polyether block polyamides available from New chemical products, Inc.;
glue water: PUR glue, commercially available;
examples 1 to 25
The embodiment provides a series of high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabrics, which are prepared according to the formula in tables 1-4 and a preparation method comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of antistatic breathable layer
S11, adding the inorganic filler and the polyolefin into a high-speed mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 1 (namely a mixing raw material for preparing the polyolefin breathable film);
s12, adding the antistatic agent and the PE into a high-speed mixer, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2 (namely a mixing raw material for preparing the antistatic PE breathable film);
s13, respectively adding the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 into different feed inlets of a co-extrusion extruder, and performing melt co-extrusion, tape casting and film blowing to obtain the antistatic breathable layer; wherein, in the co-extrusion extruder, the temperatures from the feed inlet to different areas of the head are respectively 210 ℃, 240 ℃; the blow-up ratio of the blown film is 1-3;
s2, preparation of high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric
And (3) bonding the non-woven fabric and one surface of the polyolefin breathable film in the antistatic breathable layer prepared in the step S1 together by using composite glue on a high-speed compounding machine to obtain the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric.
Table 1 formula (parts by weight) and parameters of the long-acting antistatic protective fabric with high moisture permeability in examples 1 to 5
Table 2 formula (parts by weight) and parameters of high moisture permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric of examples 6 to 13
Table 3 formula (parts by weight) and parameters of the long-acting antistatic protective fabric with high moisture permeability in examples 14-20
Table 4 formula (parts by weight) and parameters of examples 21-25 of long-acting antistatic protective fabric with high moisture permeability
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that in the step S1, the antistatic agent, the inorganic filler and the polyolefin are added into a high-speed mixer and uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; and then the obtained mixture is subjected to melt extrusion, tape casting and film blowing to obtain the antistatic breathable layer, namely, the antistatic agent and the inorganic filler are uniformly mixed and distributed in the polyolefin breathable film in the antistatic breathable layer.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is different from example 2 in that in step s2, a nonwoven fabric is bonded to one side of the antistatic PE breathable film in the antistatic breathable layer prepared in step s1.
Performance test
The antistatic protective fabric prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was tested for its antistatic performance, moisture permeability, surface physical and chemical properties, and stability of its properties, and the specific test method was as follows:
1. antistatic performance: selecting a surface resistivity tester to test the surface resistivity of the antistatic protection fabric before washing and after washing for 10 times, wherein the test standard is EN1149-5: 2018;
2. moisture permeability: adopting a water vapor transmission rate tester to resist the moisture permeability of the antistatic protective fabric before washing and after 10 times of washing (the unit is g/(m) m2D), wherein d represents 24h), the test being performed according to GB/T12704-;
3. the surface physical and chemical properties of the fabric are as follows:
3.1 yellowing test
A color difference meter is adopted to represent the change of the b value of the antistatic protective fabric before washing and after 10 times of washing;
3.2 breaking Strength
The fracture strength of the prepared antistatic protective fabric before washing and after 10 times of washing is tested by using an electronic strength tester, and the test standard is GB/T24218.3-2010.
The test results are detailed in table 5.
TABLE 5 results of Performance test
In the invention, the schematic drawing of the prepared high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric is shown in figure 1, and it can be seen from the figure that micropores are formed in the antistatic breathable layer (comprising a 3-polyolefin breathable film and a 6-antistatic PE breathable film), because the inorganic filler in the polyolefin matrix is separated from the polyolefin matrix under the stretching action in the blow molding and stretching process of polyolefin and PE, and the inorganic filler is taken as the center to form micropores with a certain size, which is beneficial to air exchange; similarly, antistatic agent in the PE base member takes place the separation with the PE base member under tensile effect to antistatic agent is the center, changes the micropore of certain size into next year, is favorable to the exchange of both sides air on the one hand, and on the other hand, can also form electrically conductive passageway, is favorable to improving the antistatic properties of surface fabric, simultaneously, makes the surface fabric after wiping or washing many times, and antistatic effect still can keep at higher level.
As can be seen from table 6:
the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric prepared by the embodiments of the invention has excellent antistatic performance, moisture permeability and better use stability, after being washed for 10 times, the surface resistivity can be kept at 100% to the maximum, and the maximum moisture permeability reaches 7800 g/(m) after being compounded2D), the surface physicochemical property is kept good, and the protective clothing can still keep better performance after being washed for 10 times, so that the service life of the prepared protective clothing can be obviously prolonged.
The results of examples 1 to 5 show that: along with the increase of the weight of the antistatic breathable layer in unit area, the surface resistivity of the prepared high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric is basically kept unchanged, the moisture permeability is continuously reduced, the antistatic stability is basically constant, and the yellowing degree and the breaking strength are basically constant.
The results of examples 6 to 9 show that: in the antistatic breathable layer, along with the increase of the proportion of the antistatic PE breathable film, the surface resistivity of the prepared high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric is reduced to a certain extent, the moisture permeability is basically unchanged, the antistatic stability is basically unchanged, the moisture permeability stability is basically unchanged, and the yellowing degree and the breaking strength are basically constant.
The results of examples 10 to 13 show that: with the increase of the proportion of the antistatic agent in the antistatic PE breathable film, the surface resistivity of the prepared high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric is reduced to a certain extent, the moisture permeability is basically unchanged, the antistatic stability is improved and then kept stable, and the yellowing degree and the breaking strength are basically constant.
The results of examples 14 to 16 show that: with the increase of the proportion of the inorganic filler in the polyolefin breathable film, the prepared high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric has the advantages that the surface resistivity is basically unchanged, the moisture permeability is increased first and then decreased, the antistatic stability is basically unchanged, and the yellowing degree and the breaking strength are basically constant.
Comparative example 1 is that the antistatic agent and the inorganic filler are mixed and evenly distributed in the polyolefin breathable film, and the prepared antistatic protective fabric has poor stability, specifically: after 10 washes, the surface resistivity retention was only 0.1%, significantly lower than that of the inventive examples. This is probably because the small molecules in the inorganic filler and the large molecules of the antistatic agent are close to each other, which causes the breakage of the large-molecule antistatic agent into the small-molecule antistatic agent, and the loss of the antistatic agent after washing.
Comparative example 2 is that the surface resistivity of the antistatic protective face fabric prepared by bonding the nonwoven fabric with one side of the antistatic PE breathable film in the antistatic breathable layer is very high, specifically: the surface resistivity of the material is more than 1014The material does not have antistatic properties, and the stability of the inner layer antistatic film is further described.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric is characterized by comprising a non-woven fabric layer and an antistatic breathable layer on the surface of the non-woven fabric layer, wherein micropores are formed in the antistatic breathable layer;
the antistatic breathable layer comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer close to the non-woven fabric layer is a polyolefin breathable film, and the surface layer is an antistatic PE breathable film added with an antistatic agent; the pore diameter of the micropores is micron-sized.
2. The high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the gram weight of the polyolefin breathable film is 14-24 g/m2(ii) a The gram weight of the antistatic PE breathable film is 14-24 g/m2。
3. The high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of the polyolefin breathable film to the antistatic PE breathable film is (1.5-3): 1.
4. The high moisture-permeable long-acting antistatic protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that inorganic filler facilitating pore forming is added in the polyolefin breathable film.
5. The high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric according to claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the inorganic filler to the polyolefin resin in the polyolefin breathable film is (1.2-1.5): 1.
6. The fabric with high moisture permeability and long-acting antistatic property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antistatic agent is polyether block polyamide.
7. The high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of the antistatic agent to PE in the antistatic PE breathable film is (0.4-0.8): 1.
8. The fabric with high moisture permeability and long-acting antistatic protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric layer and the antistatic breathable layer are connected by composite glue.
9. The preparation method of the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparation of antistatic breathable layer
S11, uniformly mixing inorganic filler and polyolefin to obtain a mixture 1;
s12, uniformly mixing the antistatic agent and the PE to obtain a mixture 2;
s13, respectively adding the mixture 1 and the mixture 2 into different feed inlets of a co-extrusion extruder, and performing melt co-extrusion, tape casting and film blowing to obtain the antistatic breathable layer;
s2, preparation of high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric
And (3) bonding the non-woven fabric and one side of the breathable film in the antistatic breathable layer prepared in the step (S1) by using composite glue to obtain the high-moisture-permeability long-acting antistatic protective fabric.
10. The use of the highly moisture permeable long-acting antistatic protective fabric of any one of claims 1 to 8 in the preparation of protective clothing.
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