CN114766500A - 一种含Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的杀螨组合物 - Google Patents
一种含Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的杀螨组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114766500A CN114766500A CN202210533715.8A CN202210533715A CN114766500A CN 114766500 A CN114766500 A CN 114766500A CN 202210533715 A CN202210533715 A CN 202210533715A CN 114766500 A CN114766500 A CN 114766500A
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- Prior art keywords
- bifenazate
- spidoxamat
- acaricidal composition
- mites
- acaricidal
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- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLSVJBIHYWPGQY-GGYDESQDSA-N spirotetramat Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC1=C(C=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)C)C(=O)N[C@@]11CC[C@H](OC)CC1 CLSVJBIHYWPGQY-GGYDESQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种含Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的杀螨组合物，Spidoxamat为螺环季酮酸酯类杀虫剂，本发明由两种不同作用机理的活性成分复配而成，对螨的各个生育期均有效，对其他杀螨剂产生抗性的螨类具有可靠的防治效果，持效期长，在登记范围内，对作物安全，可在作物各个生长期使用。另外，该组合物还可以与其他农药助剂制成多种剂型，使用时采用一定的质量比例可产生增效作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复配杀螨剂及其应用，具体是一种含有Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯为主要活性成分的组合物，属于农药复配技术领域。
技术背景
螨类属蛛形纲，常见的害螨多属于真螨目和蜱螨目，作为农作物重要害虫之一，常危害各种经济作物。由于害螨繁殖力强、世代重叠严重、个体小、活动部位隐蔽、抗性上升快，使其成为难以防治的有害生物之一。目前杀螨剂大多针对害螨的某个时期或一定阶段，如噻螨酮、四螨嗪、螺螨酯主要杀螨卵，对成螨无效；炔螨特、阿维菌素主要杀若螨及成螨，目前市场上对害螨整个生育期防治均有效的药剂不多，包括哒螨灵和联苯肼酯，因而药剂复配及开发新型杀螨剂倍受关注。
螺环季酮酸酯类杀虫剂，包括螺螨酯、螺甲螨酯和螺虫乙酯，因其结构新颖、高效低毒，且与已知杀虫剂无交互抗性，在市场上广泛应用于杀螨，前景广阔。螺环季酮酸类化合物的杀螨机制不同于现有的各种杀螨剂，是通过抑制害螨体内的脂质合成，破坏螨虫的能量代谢活动，从而杀灭害螨。
Spidoxamat为螺环季酮酸酯类杀螨剂。其IUPAC名称为：11-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-12-羟基-1,4-二氧杂-9-氮杂双螺[4.2.48.25]十四-11-烯-10-酮；CAS登录号为:907187-07-9；分子式：C19H22CINO4。结构式如下：
联苯肼酯纯品外观为白色固体结晶，是一种新型选择性叶面喷雾用杀螨剂。其作用机理为对螨类的线粒体电子传递链复合体III抑制剂的独特作用，是专一性的杀螨剂，无内吸，对螨的各个生活阶段均有效，具有杀卵活性和对成螨的击倒活性(48～72h)，且持效期长、14d左右，推荐使用剂量范围内对作物安全。对寄生蜂、捕食螨、草蛉低风险。利用药剂复配可以提高防效且不易产生耐药性，如30％螺螨酯和联苯肼酯SC复配防治效果显著高于单剂(赵庆阳2019)；阿维菌素与乙螨唑螺螨酯混配防治红蜘蛛效果显著(鲁琪2019)。
目前尚未发现将Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯复配防治害螨的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明是以Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯两种不同作用机理的药剂复配使用，可用于防治水果、蔬菜、农作物等红蜘蛛、二斑叶螨等多种农业害螨。
本发明通过如下技术方案实现。
本发明一方面涉及一种杀螨组合物，其有效活性成分为Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯，Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯重量比为1:3～3:1，较优的为1:1～3:1，更优的为2:1。
进一步地，该杀螨组合物还包含农药中允许使用和接受的助剂或填料。
进一步地，所述杀螨组合物可制成的本领域已知的农药剂型，具体农药剂型为悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、乳油、可湿性粉剂等常规剂型中的一种。可选用的助剂包括但不限于：溶剂、乳化剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、稳定剂、防冻剂、pH调节剂、载体或填料等。
进一步地，本发明中所述杀螨组合物优选制备成悬浮剂，其中活性成分Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的用量为1-20％，润湿分散剂用量为6-10％，增稠剂用量为0.1-0.5％，防冻剂用量为4-8％，消泡剂用量为0.01-0.05％，任选的pH调整剂适量，余量用去离子水补足。以上百分比为重量百分比。
在上述剂型制备中，可选用农药剂型加工中任何常用的助剂品种，例如：
润湿分散剂可以选用：聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚、十二烷基苯磺酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐甲醛缩合物、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠、聚氧乙烯月桂基醚羧酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、异辛醇琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠、月桂酰基肌氨酸钠、二辛基磺基琥珀酸盐中的一种或多种。
增稠剂可以选用：黄原胶、硅酸镁铝、海藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、阿拉伯胶中的一种或多种。
防冻剂可以选用：丙三醇、乙二醇、丙二醇中的一种或多种。
所述消泡剂可以选用有机硅类消泡剂、磷酸异丁酯、正-辛醇中的一种或多种。
任选的pH调整剂可以选用：柠檬酸、磷酸中的一种或多种。
本发明的杀螨组合物用于农作物、水果以及蔬菜，以防治害螨的用途。所述害螨包括柑橘朱砂叶满、二斑叶螨等。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
本发明是一种新型复配组合物，由两种不同作用机理的活性成分组成，具有双重作用机制，其中Spidoxamat属于螺环季酮酸酯类杀虫剂，结构新颖、高效低毒，因而该组合药剂兼具螺环季酮酸酯和联苯肼酯两种药剂的防效，减少农药使用剂量，延缓抗药性，持效期长，对作物各个生育期都安全。因此，该组合物在杀螨剂领域应用前景广泛。
具体实施方式
通过下述实施例有助于理解本发明，但不限制本发明内容。
一、制备实施例
实施例1：
Spidoxamat2.5 wt％，联苯肼酯7.5wt％，聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚OP-10 5wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠3wt％，黄原胶2wt％、丙三醇2wt％、有机硅类消泡剂0.5wt％，适量柠檬酸，余量用水补足。按一定质量比例称重后进行砂磨，过滤后得到该悬浮剂。
实施例2：
Spidoxamat 6wt％，联苯肼酯6wt％，聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚OP-10 4wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2.5wt％，黄原胶2wt％、丙三醇4wt％、有机硅类消泡剂0.5wt％，适量柠檬酸，余量用水补足。按一定质量比例称重后进行砂磨，过滤后得到该悬浮剂。
实施例3：
Spidoxamat 15wt％，联苯肼酯5wt％，聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚OP-10 6wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠4wt％，黄原胶2.5wt％、丙三醇3wt％、有机硅类消泡剂0.5wt％，适量柠檬酸，余量用水补足。按一定质量比例称重后进行砂磨，过滤后得到该悬浮剂。
实施例4：
Spidoxamat 8wt％，联苯肼酯4wt％，聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚OP-10 6wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠3.5wt％，黄原胶2wt％、丙三醇3wt％、有机硅类消泡剂0.8wt％，适量柠檬酸，余量用水补足。按一定质量比例称重后进行砂磨，过滤后得到该悬浮剂。
实施例5：
Spidoxamat 5wt％，联苯肼酯10wt％，聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚OP-10 7wt％，十二烷基苯磺酸钠2wt％，黄原胶1.5wt％、丙三醇3wt％、有机硅类消泡剂1wt％，适量柠檬酸，余量用水补足。按一定质量比例称重后进行砂磨，过滤后得到该悬浮剂。
二、室内杀螨活性测定
1、药剂毒力测定
生物测定参照联合国粮农组织(FAO)推荐的害螨生物测定的标准方法—玻片浸渍法并加以改进。将双面胶带剪成2cm长贴在载玻片的一端，用毛笔挑选健康的朱砂叶螨，将其背部粘在载玻片的双面胶带上，不粘住螨的口器、足和须，保证螨足能够自由活动，每块载玻片30头，每处理重复4次。将原药溶解并稀释成5个浓度，将玻片带螨的一端浸入药液中，轻轻摇动5s后取出，迅速用吸水纸吸干螨体及其周围多余的药液，室温晾干后置于温度为(25±1)℃、RH＝75％左右的光照培养箱中，24h后于双筒解剖镜下观察死亡螨数并作记录。另设置对照，对照组死亡率在20％以下视为有效试验，所得数据用DP进行处理，分别建立毒力回归方程、计算LC50值以及复配药剂的共毒系数(CTC)。
对混剂联合作用进行评价，以LC50为基础，通过计算混剂共毒系数评价混剂联合作用类型。
其中共毒系数标准为CTC≥120为增效作用，80≤CTC<120为相加作用，CTC<80为拮抗作用。
2、试验结果
Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯室内毒力测定结果如表1所示，结果表明两种药剂均有杀螨效果，Spidoxamat的LC50为0.4648mg/L，联苯肼酯的LC50为0.5867mg/L。两种药剂复配的所有比例均表现出一定的增效作用，由于复配比例不同增效系数有所差异。其中Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的复配比例为2：1时，共毒系数最高，为237.49，增效作用最好。
在室内联合毒力测定结果的基础上明确Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯两种药剂的增效比例，在此基础上进行田间药效试验验证其防治效果。
表1Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯不同配比对朱砂叶螨的室内毒力测定
表1的结果显示，Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯有效成分质量比为1:3～3:1时，均有显著增效作用，其中以2:1的增效作用最为明显，共毒系数高达237.49。
三、田间药效试验
1.试验方法
采用田间试验法测定柑橘朱砂叶螨防治效果，按农药田间药效试验规定，选取具有代表性的柑橘园。每处理设4次重复，小区采用随机区组排列。使用背负式自动调节电动喷雾器进行常规喷雾，叶片正背面均匀喷施，直至药液欲滴为止。试验期间未使用过任何杀虫剂。
采用定点调查法，施药前调查螨口基数，施药后7d和14d各调查1次。每小区调查3株，在每株树的东、西、南、北、中5个方位标记嫩梢，进行定点调查，每方位调查2片叶，用手持放大镜直接观察叶片，统计叶片正背面活螨的数量，每小区共调查30片叶上的活螨数量。施药后不定期调查各小区作物的叶片、果实生长情况，观察有无异常现象以及药害出现。计算田间防治效果，采用DPS进行差异显著性分析。
式中，CK0为对照区施药前螨口数；CK1为对照区施药后螨口数；PT0为药剂处理区施药前螨口数；PT1为药剂处理区施药后螨口数。
2.试验结果
Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯防治朱砂叶螨田间药效试验结果如表2所示，从表2可知不同实施例对朱砂叶螨均有防效同时在使用药剂期间未发生任何药害，对作物具有良好安全性。
表2不同实施例防治柑橘朱砂叶螨试验结果
本发明的一种含Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯杀螨组合物的用途已经通过具体的实例进行了描述，本领域技术人员可借鉴本发明内容，适当改变原料、工艺条件等环节来实现相应的其它目的，其相关改变都没有脱离本发明的内容，所有类似的替换和改动对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，都被视为包括在本发明的范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种杀螨组合物，其特征在于，有效活性成分为Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯，并且Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯重量比为1∶3～3：1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀螨组合物，其特征在于，Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的重量比优选为1∶1～3：1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的杀螨组合物，其特征在于，Spidoxamat和联苯肼酯的重量比进一步优选为2∶1。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的杀螨组合物，其特征在于，所述杀螨组合物还包含农药中允许使用和接受的助剂或填料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的杀螨组合物，其特征在于，所述杀螨组合物的剂型为悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、乳油、可湿性粉剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杀螨组合物，其特征在于，所述杀螨组合物的剂型优选为悬浮剂。
7.权利要求1-6任一项所述的杀螨组合物用于农作物、水果以及蔬菜，以防治害螨的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，所述害螨包括柑橘朱砂叶满、二斑叶螨。
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