CN114763591A - Corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
Abstract
The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant steel with salt and acid corrosion resistance, which comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass besides Fe and inevitable impurity elements: c: 0.02 to 0.3%, Si: 0.2-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-1.6%, Cu: 0.05-0.5%, Cr: 0.05-1.5%, Ni: 0.05 to 0.5%, Mo: 0.05 to 0.3%, Al: 0.03-0.05%. In addition, the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, which comprises the following steps: (1) smelting and casting; (2) heating; (3) rolling, including rough rolling and finish rolling; (4) and air-cooling to room temperature. The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion has high strength, excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent salt and acid corrosion resistance, can be effectively applied to industries and fields of manufacturing of garbage transport vehicles, building of garbage incineration plant structures and the like, and has good economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to corrosion-resistant steel and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the vigorous popularization of national garbage classification work, the demand of garbage collection and transportation vehicles in various cities is increasing. Because the garbage collected in the garbage collection vehicle and the leachate are extremely complex in composition, the garbage collection vehicle can corrode a box of the garbage collection vehicle.
The situation that rubbish and leachate cause the corruption to the clearance car box generally divide into two kinds: liquid corrosion and gas corrosion. Wherein the liquid corrosion is mainly caused by garbage leachate which is a high-concentration mixture with complex components and contains a large amount of NaCl and organic acid in the household garbage leachate; and industrial waste leachate may contain media with strong corrosiveness, such as NaCl, HCl, H2SO4 and the like.
At present, steel for garbage cleaning vehicles is mainly common structural steel Q235, the conventional thickness is 5mm, the design life is 5 years, but the actual life is generally 1-2 years.
In the prior art, although steel resistant to the compound corrosion of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid exists, no corrosion-resistant steel capable of being effectively applied to the manufacturing industry of garbage transport vehicles exists.
For example: chinese patent publication No. CN107614721A, published as 2018, 1 month, and 19 days, entitled "hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid composite corrosion resistance and method for producing same", discloses a hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid composite corrosion resistance, the steel sheet containing: c: 0.05 to 0.1%, Mn: 0.5-1.5%, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.02% or less, Al: 0.01-0.1%, Cu: 0.2-0.6%, Sb: 0.05-0.1%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Another example is: chinese patent publication No. CN1589333A, published as 3/2/2005, entitled "low alloy steel excellent in hydrochloric acid corrosion resistance and sulfuric acid corrosion resistance and welded joint thereof" discloses a low alloy steel excellent in hydrochloric acid corrosion resistance and sulfuric acid corrosion resistance and a welded joint, the low alloy steel containing, in mass%, C: 0.001-0.2%, Si: 0.01-2.5%, Mn: 0.1-2%, Cu: 0.1-1%, Mo: 0.001-1%, Sb: 0.01-0.2%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.05% or less and the balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the acid corrosion resistance index AI of the steel is AI 0 or more. Wherein AI is given in mass% by the following formula: AI/10000 ═ 0.0005+0.045 × Sb% —. C% × Mo%.
For another example: chinese patent publication No. CN105518172A, published as 2016, 4, 20, entitled "steel material resistant to combined corrosion by hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, excellent wear resistance and surface quality, and method for manufacturing the same", discloses a steel sheet resistant to combined corrosion by sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, excellent wear resistance and surface quality, which can be provided by increasing the resistance to corrosion due to cinder, thereby increasing the life thereof, and by securing excellent resistance to combined corrosion by sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid. The wear resistance can be significantly enhanced by the addition of P, and in order to solve the problem of deterioration of wear resistance due to the addition of P, the component system and the hot rolling process conditions can be controlled, thereby forming a corrosion resistant layer having excellent corrosion resistance. The main components are as follows: 0 to 0.1% of C, 0 to 0.1% of Si, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mn, 0.03 to 0.15% of P, 0.1 to 1% of Cu, 0.1 to 0.4% of Ni, 0.03 to 0.1% of Co, 0.05 to 0.15% of Sb, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
Based on the above, aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention expects to obtain the corrosion-resistant steel which is resistant to salt and acid corrosion, has higher strength, excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent salt and acid corrosion resistance, can be applied to the industries and fields of manufacturing of garbage transport vehicles, building of garbage incineration plant structures and the like, and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide salt and acid corrosion resistant steel, which adopts reasonable chemical composition design, and improves the self-corrosion potential of a steel plate, improves the film structure of a corrosion product and further improves the corrosion resistance of steel in a mixed solution of acid and salt by adding a small amount of corrosion resistant alloy elements such as Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo and the like in the chemical composition design. The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion not only has high strength, but also has excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent salt and acid corrosion resistance.
The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion can be effectively applied to industries and fields of manufacturing of garbage transport vehicles, construction of garbage incineration plant structures and the like, and can be used without coating, so that the use and maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and good economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, which contains the following chemical elements in percentage by mass in addition to Fe and inevitable impurity elements:
C：0.02-0.3％，Si：0.2-0.8％，Mn：0.4-1.6％，Cu：0.05-0.5％，Cr：0.05-1.5％，Ni：0.05-0.5％，Mo：0.05-0.3％，Al：0.03-0.05％。
further, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, the mass percentages of the chemical elements are as follows:
c: 0.02 to 0.3%, Si: 0.2-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-1.6%, Cu: 0.05-0.5%, Cr: 0.05-1.5%, Ni: 0.05 to 0.5%, Mo: 0.05-0.3%, Al: 0.03-0.05%; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
According to the technical scheme, a small amount of corrosion-resistant alloy elements such as Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo and the like are added in the chemical composition design of the corrosion-resistant steel with salt and acid corrosion resistance, so that the self-corrosion potential of the steel plate is improved, the film structure of a corrosion product is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the steel in a mixed solution of acid and salt is further improved. The design principle of each chemical element of the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt and acid corrosion is as follows:
c: in the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, C can be fused into a matrix of the steel to play a solid solution strengthening role, and fine carbide precipitation particles can be formed to play a precipitation strengthening role, so that the content of C in the steel is not less than 0.02 percent. However, it should be noted that the content of C element in steel should not be too high, and when the content of C element in steel is too high, the welding, toughness and plasticity of steel plate are adversely affected. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of C is controlled to be between 0.02 and 0.3%, considering the beneficial effects and adverse effects of the element C in combination.
Si: in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, Si is a deoxidizing element, which does not form carbides. The Si element can replace Fe atoms in steel in a substitutional manner to hinder dislocation movement, thereby achieving the effect of solid solution strengthening. In addition, Si has higher solid solubility in steel, so that the volume fraction of ferrite in the steel can be increased, grains can be effectively refined, and the toughness of steel can be improved. However, it should be noted that Si has a smaller effect of improving the strength of steel than C, and also increases the work hardening rate at cold working, which lowers the toughness and plasticity of steel to some extent. When the content of Si element in steel is too high, graphitization of C is promoted, which adversely affects toughness, surface quality and welding properties of steel. Based on this, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion described in the present invention, the mass percentage of Si is controlled to be between 0.2 and 0.8%.
Mn: in the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, Mn is a common strengthening element in the steel and is also an essential element for steelmaking deoxidization. Mn can promote the transformation of medium and low temperature structure, refine the microstructure of steel, inhibit the formation of network cementite and is favorable to the toughness of steel. However, it should be noted that the content of Mn element in the steel should not be too high, and too much Mn content causes segregation, deteriorates the matrix structure and forms large MnS inclusions, thereby deteriorating the weldability and the weld heat affected zone toughness of the steel sheet. Excessive Mn lowers the thermal conductivity of the steel, lowers the cooling rate, may generate coarse grains, and is detrimental to the toughness and fatigue properties of the steel. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Mn is controlled to be between 0.4 and 1.6%.
Cu: in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, Cu can play a role in solid solution strengthening. When the Cu element content in the steel is higher, the secondary hardening effect is achieved by tempering at a proper temperature, so that the strength of the steel can be improved. In addition, Cu is also one of elements for improving the corrosion resistance, and the electrochemical potential of Cu is higher than that of Fe, which can promote the densification of a rust layer on the surface of steel and stabilize the formation of the rust layer. The proper proportion of Cu and Ni can obviously improve the acid resistance and salt solution corrosion resistance of the steel. However, the Cu element content in the steel is not too high, and too high content is not favorable for welding and is easy to generate net cracking during hot rolling. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Cu is controlled to be between 0.05 and 0.5%.
Cr: in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, Cr is a common corrosion-resistant element in steel, and has a remarkable effect of improving the passivation capability of the steel. Cr can promote the steel surface to form a compact passive film or a protective rust layer, and the enrichment of Cr in the rust layer can effectively improve the selective permeation characteristic of the rust layer to corrosive media. In addition, the addition of Cr can also effectively improve the self-corrosion potential of steel and inhibit the occurrence of corrosion. However, too high Cr content not only increases the production cost of the steel sheet, but also causes disadvantages in the weldability and toughness of the steel. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Cr is controlled to be between 0.05 and 1.5%.
Ni: in the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, Ni can effectively improve the self-corrosion potential of the steel in acid solution and salt solution, and is an important element for improving the corrosion resistance of the steel. The Ni element promotes the stabilization of the rust layer and improves the hot work brittleness problem caused by Cu. In addition, Ni element not only improves the strength and hardenability of steel but also improves the toughness of steel, which is effective in preventing net cracking due to hot embrittlement of Cu. Since Ni is a precious metal element, it is not desirable to add excessive Ni to the steel in order to save costs, and too high a content of Ni also increases the adhesion of scale, which may cause hot rolling defects on the surface when pressed into the steel. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Ni element is controlled to be between 0.05 and 0.5%.
Mo: in the corrosion-resistant steel with salt and acid corrosion resistance, Mo element can improve the film structure of a corrosion product and improve the local corrosion resistance, acid resistance and salt corrosion resistance of the steel. Mo can exist in the steel in the form of carbide and solid solution, thereby improving the hardenability of the steel. Mo in steel can suppress the formation of polygonal ferrite and pearlite and promote the formation of a martensite structure, which has transformation strengthening and dislocation strengthening effects. In addition, the Mo element can also improve the tempering stability of the steel, which can slow down the temper softening phenomenon and suppress high temperature temper brittleness. In low alloy high strength steel, the strength of the steel increases significantly with increasing Mo content. Accordingly, when Mo is present together with Cr and Mn in the steel, temper brittleness caused by other elements is reduced, thereby improving low temperature impact toughness of the steel sheet. It should be noted that, too high content of Mo should not be added in steel, and too much Mo element is added in steel, which not only will bring disadvantages to the weldability of steel, but also will greatly increase the production cost. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Mo is controlled to be between 0.05 and 0.3%.
Al: in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, Al is a ferrite forming element, which is generally added to steel as a deoxidizer in a steel-making process. The trace Al can form fine AlN precipitation during steel making, and has the function of refining austenite grains in the subsequent cooling process so as to improve the toughness of steel. Further, Al element in steel may be used as a fixing agent for N. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Al element is controlled to be between 0.03 and 0.05%.
Further, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, it further contains at least one of the following chemical elements: ca is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Nb is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, V is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and B is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.0025 percent.
In the technical scheme, Ca, Nb, Ti, V and B elements can further improve the quality and performance of the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion. However, considering that the addition of the above elements increases the material cost, and considering the combination of performance and cost control, in the technical solution of the present invention, at least one of the above elements may be preferably added.
Ca: the addition of Ca can improve the form of the inclusion in the steel, and can form irregular inclusions into spherical inclusions, thereby reducing the area of a cathode phase and achieving the purpose of reducing the corrosion rate. However, the addition of Ca element to steel in an excessive amount increases the production cost and lowers other properties of the steel sheet. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, the mass percent of Ca can be controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Nb: NbC can be obtained by adding Nb element into the steel, and the NbC can be separated out through strain induction in the hot rolling process to prevent the recovery and recrystallization of deformed austenite, so that grain refinement is realized, and the steel can obtain high strength and high toughness. Meanwhile, the grain refining effect of Nb is very beneficial to improving the corrosion resistance of steel, and when the Nb content is higher than 0.15%, the grain refining effect is not obviously improved any more. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, the mass percent of Nb can be controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Ti: the Ti element can fix the N element in the steel, and can form a fine TiN precipitated phase which is stable at high temperature when a slab is continuously cast. In addition, Ti element can also form TiS with S element in steel, thereby avoiding forming cathode phase MnS and effectively improving the corrosion resistance of the steel plate. However, it should be noted that the Ti content in the steel is not so high that coarse nitrides are formed to lower the toughness of the base material and the weld heat affected zone. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, the mass percent of Ti can be controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent. In some preferred embodiments, the mass percentage of Ti may also be controlled between 0.02 and 0.05%.
V: the element V may play a role of solid solution strengthening in steel, but excessive V may adversely affect toughness and welding of steel plates. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, V can be controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent by mass.
B: b is a strong hardenability element, and the B can effectively enhance the cooling capacity of the core part of the steel plate, so that the overall performance of the steel plate is uniform and stable, but when the content of the B in the steel is too high, the toughness of the steel plate is not facilitated. Therefore, in the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion, the mass percent of B can be controlled to be more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.0025 percent.
Further, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, the mass percentage of each chemical element also satisfies at least one of the following:
C：0.04-0.2％，
Cu：0.1-0.35％，
Cr：0.1-1.0％，
Ni：0.1-0.3％，
Mo：0.1-0.2％。
in the technical solutions according to the present invention, the role of the elements C, Cu, Cr, Ni and Mo in the corrosion-resistant steel according to the present invention has been explained above. In some embodiments, the mass percentage ranges of the above-mentioned C, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Mo elements may be further controlled to obtain better implementation effects.
Further, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, each chemical element thereof satisfies: 7 is less than or equal to 10Mo +5Cu +3Cr +10Ni-10C multiplied by Mo is less than or equal to 13. In the formula, Mo, Cu, Cr, Ni and C respectively represent the numerical values before the percentage content of each corresponding element by mass.
It should be noted that, after elements such as Cu, Cr, Ni and the like are added to the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, on one hand, the self-corrosion potential of steel is improved, and the dissolution speed of the steel plate is reduced; on the other hand, these elements are in the form of structurally stable, poorly soluble compounds (CuSO)4、Cr2O3、FexCr2O4、FexNi2O4Etc.) in the form of corrosionThe product is enriched, and the corrosion resistance of the steel plate is enhanced. After Mo element is added into steel, molybdate is formed along with the dissolution of steel in acid and is adsorbed on the surface of the steel, and then insoluble MoO is further formed3And the acid resistance of steel is enhanced. Correspondingly, after Ca element is added into steel, 1-6 μm spherical inclusions can be formed in the steel, and the inclusions are adsorbed on the surface of the steel after being dissolved, so that the alkalinity of a corrosion interface is increased, and the corrosivity of a corrosion medium is reduced.
In summary, in the present invention, 7 ≤ 10Mo +5Cu +3Cr +10Ni-10 cxmo ≤ 13 can be preferably controlled, and a proper amount of corrosion-resistant alloy elements such as C, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Mo can be added to exert their synergistic effect to reduce the precipitation of inclusions and harmful phases in the steel, thereby increasing the self-corrosion potential of the steel and promoting the steel sheet to rapidly form a dense and stable refractory compound (CuSO)4、Cr2O3、FexCr2O4、FexNi2O4Etc. + -. MoO3Corroding the product film, and finally improving the corrosion resistance of the steel plate.
Further, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the surface thereof has a corrosion product film containing a sparingly soluble compound CuSO4、Cr2O3、FexCr2O4、FexNi2O4、MoO3。
Further, in the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to the present invention, the properties thereof satisfy: the yield strength is more than or equal to 550MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 800MPa, the impact energy at minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 60J, and the corrosion rate of the alloy in a mixed environment of salt and acid is less than or equal to 7 mm/a.
Accordingly, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, which is high in production efficiency and low in production cost. The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt corrosion and acid corrosion, which is obtained by the manufacturing method, not only has higher strength, but also has excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent salt corrosion resistance and acid corrosion resistance, the yield strength is more than or equal to 550MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 800MPa, the impact energy at-40 ℃ is more than or equal to 60J, the corrosion rate in a mixed environment of salt and acid is less than or equal to 7mm/a, and the corrosion-resistant steel has good popularization prospect and application value.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for manufacturing the above corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion, comprising the steps of:
(1) smelting and casting;
(2) heating;
(3) rolling, including rough rolling and finish rolling;
(4) and air-cooling to room temperature.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant steel with salt resistance and acid corrosion resistance adopts the rolling process parameters to be optimized, the controlled rolling and controlled cooling (TMCP) production process is adopted for production, heat treatment is not needed after rolling, the steel can be supplied in a hot rolling state, the supply period can be effectively ensured, the production cost is reduced, and good economic benefit and social benefit are achieved.
Further, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, in the step (2), the slab heating temperature is controlled to be 1200 to 1300 ℃.
In the above technical solution, in the manufacturing method of the present invention, the slab may be heated at a temperature of 1200 to 1300 ℃ in the step (2) by comprehensively considering the solid solution in the alloy element slab.
Further, in the manufacturing method of the invention, in the step (3), the accumulated deformation in the rough rolling stage is controlled to be more than or equal to 80%, and the rough rolling temperature is controlled to be 950-1000 ℃; the finish rolling finishing temperature is 800-880 ℃, and the deformation ratio is more than or equal to 5; and cooling the steel plate after the finish rolling to 550-680 ℃ by water, and coiling.
In the above technical scheme, in step (3) of the manufacturing method of the invention, in order to ensure the effect of grain refining by recrystallization, the performance of the prepared corrosion-resistant steel is better, the accumulated deformation in the rough rolling stage can be controlled to be more than or equal to 80%, and the rough rolling temperature is controlled to be 950-1000 ℃; finishing rolling at 800-850 deg.c and deformation ratio not lower than 5; and (4) cooling the finish rolled steel plate to 550-680 ℃ by water, coiling, and then cooling to room temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt and acid corrosion and the manufacturing method thereof have the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:
compared with the prior art, the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt and acid corrosion has the advantages that a small amount of corrosion-resistant alloy elements such as Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo and the like are added in the chemical composition design, so that the self-corrosion potential of the steel plate is improved, the film structure of a corrosion product is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the steel in a mixed solution of acid and salt is further improved. The high-strength high-impact-resistance steel has high strength, excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent salt and acid corrosion resistance, the yield strength is more than or equal to 550MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 800MPa, the impact energy at minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 60J, and the corrosion rate of the high-impact-resistance high-strength high-impact-resistance steel in a mixed environment of salt and acid is less than or equal to 7 mm/a.
The corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt and acid corrosion has a corrosion rate of less than or equal to 7mm/a in a mixed environment of salt and acid in a garbage leachate simulation liquid (strong acid and high salt) environment, and the corrosion rate is far lower than that of the existing acid-resistant steel (9.5-11mm/a) and the traditional steel Q235B/Q345B (12.5-13mm/a) for garbage vehicles. The corrosion-resistant steel can be used without coating under the condition of no appearance requirement, can effectively reduce the use and maintenance cost, can be effectively applied to industries and fields such as manufacturing of garbage transport vehicles, construction of garbage incineration plant structures and the like, and can effectively realize the use without coating, thereby greatly reducing the use and maintenance cost.
Correspondingly, the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant steel with salt resistance and acid corrosion resistance provided by the invention optimizes the rolling process parameters, adopts a controlled rolling and controlled cooling (TMCP) production process for production, does not need heat treatment after rolling, can supply materials in a hot rolling state, can effectively ensure the supply period, reduces the production cost, and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed Description
The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be further explained and illustrated with reference to specific examples, which, however, should not be construed to unduly limit the technical scope of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2
The salt and acid corrosion resistant steels of examples 1-6 of the present invention and the comparative steels of comparative examples 1-2 were prepared by the following steps:
(1) smelting and casting were carried out according to the chemical compositions shown in tables 1-1 and 1-2: the smelting process was carried out in a laboratory 500kg vacuum induction furnace.
(2) Heating: and controlling the heating temperature of the plate blank to be 1200-1300 ℃.
(3) Rolling, including rough rolling and finish rolling: controlling the accumulated deformation of the rough rolling stage to be more than or equal to 80 percent, and controlling the rough rolling temperature to be 950-1000 ℃; the finish rolling finishing temperature is 800-880 ℃, and the deformation ratio is more than or equal to 5; and cooling the steel plate after the finish rolling to 550-680 ℃ by water, and coiling.
(4) And air-cooling to room temperature.
It should be noted that the chemical element compositions and related process designs of the corrosion-resistant steels resistant to salt and acid corrosion of examples 1 to 6 of the present invention all meet the requirements of the design specifications of the present invention. While the comparative examples 1 to 2 have parameters that do not satisfy the design requirements of the present invention in the design of the chemical element composition of the comparative steel sheets.
Tables 1 to 1 and tables 1 to 2 show the mass percentage ratios of the respective chemical elements of the corrosion-resistant steels resistant to salt and acid corrosion of examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steels of comparative examples 1 to 2.
TABLE 1-1. (wt%, balance Fe and other unavoidable impurities)
Tables 1-2.
| Numbering | 10Mo+5Cu+3Cr+10Ni-10C×Mo |
| Example 1 | 10*0.1+5*0.25+3*0.1+10*0.47-10*0.04*0.1＝7.21 |
| Example 2 | 10*0.3+5*0.35+3*1+10*0.5-10*0.14*0.3＝12.33 |
| Example 3 | 10*0.2+5*0.3+3*1+10*0.1-10*0.14*0.2＝7.22 |
| Example 4 | 10*0.25+5*0.38+3*0.06+10*0.3-10*0.03*0.25＝7.505 |
| Example 5 | 10*0.16+5*0.49+3*1.49+10*0.24-10*0.21*0.16＝10.584 |
| Example 6 | 10*0.28+5*0.06+3*0.73+10*0.29-10*0.29*0.28＝7.378 |
| Comparative example 1 | 10*0+5*0+3*0+10*0-10*0.17*0＝0 |
| Comparative example 2 | 10*0-5*0+3*0.9+10*0.3-10*0.07*0＝5.7 |
Note: in the above table, Mo, Cu, Cr, Ni and C in the formula of 10[ Mo% ] +5[ Cu% ] +3[ Cr% ] +10[ Ni% ] -10[ C% ] [ Mo% ] represent the values before the percentage by mass of the respective elements.
Table 2 lists the specific process parameters for the corrosion resistant steels resistant to salt and acid corrosion of examples 1-6 and comparative steels of comparative examples 1-2.
Table 2.
The salt and acid corrosion resistant corrosion-resistant steels of the finished examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 2 were sampled, respectively, and subjected to various performance tests, the test results of which are shown in table 3. The relevant performance test method is as follows:
and (3) testing the strength performance: tensile tests were conducted with reference to GB/T2975 and GB/T228 to obtain the strengths of the steels of the examples and comparative examples.
And (3) low-temperature impact work test: the detection standard refers to GB/T229-2007 metallic material Charpy pendulum impact test method, and the detection equipment SCL 186750J instrumented impact tester. Detection conditions are as follows: 25 ℃, 55% RH, striking energy 750J, notch type is V type.
Salt and acid corrosion resistance test: the corrosion-resistant steels of examples 1 to 6 and the comparative steels of comparative examples 1 to 2 were notched separately and subjected to a uniform corrosion full immersion test. The steels of the examples and comparative examples were each subjected to simulation experiments in two categories of simulated corrosive agents:
(1) using a simulated corrosive agent: 3.6% (wt.%) HCl + 3.5% (wt.%) NaCl mixed solution. And controlling the test temperature to be 45 ℃, soaking the sample in the mixed solution for 72h, and respectively calculating the corrosion rate of the corresponding sample by adopting a weight loss method.
(2) Using a simulated corrosive agent: 9.8% (wt.%) H2SO4+ 3.5% (wt.%) NaCl mixed solution. And controlling the test temperature to be 45 ℃, soaking the sample in the mixed solution for 72h, and respectively calculating the corrosion rate of the corresponding sample by adopting a weight loss method.
Table 3 shows the results of the performance tests of the corrosion resistant steels resistant to salt and acid corrosion of examples 1 to 6 and comparative steels of comparative examples 1 to 2.
Table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the corrosion resistant steels against salt and acid corrosion of examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention are significantly superior in salt and acid corrosion resistance to the comparative steel sheets of comparative examples 1 to 2.
The salt-and acid-corrosion-resistant steels of examples 1-6 all had yield strengths of 550MPa or more at room temperature, tensile strengths of 800MPa or more, impact powers of 60J or more at-40 ℃, and corrosion rates of 7mm/a or less in the mixed environment of salt and acid. The corrosion-resistant steel with salt resistance and acid corrosion resistance of the embodiments 1 to 6 is a steel plate with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and excellent salt and acid corrosion resistance, is applied to industries and fields such as manufacturing of garbage transport vehicles and construction of garbage incineration plant structures, and can be effectively used without coating, so that the use and maintenance cost is reduced.
Further, as is apparent from sampling and observing the salt and acid corrosion resistant steels of examples 1 to 6, the salt and acid corrosion resistant steels of examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention had a corrosion product film on the surface thereof. The film of the etching product was extracted and analyzed for chemical composition, whereby the film of the etching product contained CuSO, which is a sparingly soluble compound4、Cr2O3、FexCr2O4、FexNi2O4、MoO3。
In summary, compared with the prior art, the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion disclosed by the invention has the advantages that a small amount of corrosion-resistant alloy elements such as Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo and the like are added in the chemical composition design, so that the self-corrosion potential of the steel plate is improved, the film structure of a corrosion product is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the steel material in a mixed solution of acid and salt is further improved. The high-strength steel has high strength, excellent low-temperature toughness and excellent salt and acid corrosion resistance, the yield strength is more than or equal to 550MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 800MPa, the impact energy at minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 60J, and the corrosion rate of the high-strength steel in a mixed environment of salt and acid is less than or equal to 7 mm/a.
The corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion has a corrosion rate of less than or equal to 7mm/a in a mixed environment of salt and acid in a garbage leachate simulation liquid (strong acid and high salt) environment, and the corrosion rate of the corrosion-resistant steel is far lower than that of the traditional acid-resistant steel (9.5-11mm/a) and the traditional steel Q235B/Q345B (12.5-13mm/a) for garbage trucks. The corrosion-resistant steel can be used without coating under the condition of no appearance requirement, can effectively reduce the use and maintenance cost, can be applied to industries and fields such as manufacturing of garbage transport vehicles, construction of garbage incineration plant structures and the like, and can be used without coating, so that the use and maintenance cost is greatly reduced.
Correspondingly, the manufacturing method of the corrosion-resistant steel resisting salt corrosion and acid corrosion optimizes the rolling process parameters, adopts a controlled rolling and controlled cooling (TMCP) production process for production, does not need heat treatment after rolling, can supply materials in a hot rolling state, can effectively ensure the supply period, reduces the production cost, and has good economic benefit and social benefit.
It should be noted that the combination of the features in the present application is not limited to the combination described in the claims of the present application or the combination described in the embodiments, and all the features described in the present application may be freely combined or combined in any manner unless contradicted by each other.
It should also be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and similar changes or modifications thereto which can be directly or easily inferred from the disclosure of the present invention by those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The corrosion-resistant steel is characterized by further comprising the following chemical elements in percentage by mass in addition to Fe and inevitable impurity elements:
C：0.02-0.3％，Si：0.2-0.8％，Mn：0.4-1.6％，Cu：0.05-0.5％，Cr：0.05-1.5％，Ni：0.05-0.5％，Mo：0.05-0.3％，Al：0.03-0.05％。
2. the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion of claim 1, wherein the corrosion-resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass:
c: 0.02 to 0.3%, Si: 0.2-0.8%, Mn: 0.4-1.6%, Cu: 0.05-0.5%, Cr: 0.05-1.5%, Ni: 0.05 to 0.5%, Mo: 0.05 to 0.3%, Al: 0.03-0.05%; the balance being Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
3. The corrosion resistant steel according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising at least one of the following chemical elements: ca is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Nb is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, Ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, V is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15 percent, and B is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.0025 percent.
4. The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the chemical elements thereof also satisfy at least one of the following in mass percent:
C：0.04-0.2％，
Cu：0.1-0.35％，
Cr：0.1-1.0％，
Ni：0.1-0.3％，
Mo：0.1-0.2％。
5. the corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each chemical element satisfies: 7 is less than or equal to 10Mo +5Cu +3Cr +10Ni-10C multiplied by Mo is less than or equal to 13.
6. The corrosion-resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to claim 1 or 2, having a corrosion product film containing a sparingly soluble compound CuSO on the surface thereof4、Cr2O3、FexCr2O4、FexNi2O4、MoO3。
7. The corrosion resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it satisfies the following properties: the yield strength is more than or equal to 550MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 800MPa, the impact energy at minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 60J, and the corrosion rate of the alloy in a mixed environment of salt and acid is less than or equal to 7 mm/a.
8. A method of manufacturing a corrosion resistant steel resistant to salt and acid corrosion according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
(1) smelting and casting;
(2) heating;
(3) rolling, including rough rolling and finish rolling;
(4) air cooling to room temperature.
9. The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein in the step (2), the slab heating temperature is controlled to be 1200 to 1300 ℃.
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 12, wherein in the step (3), the accumulated deformation in the rough rolling stage is controlled to be not less than 80%, and the rough rolling temperature is controlled to be 950 to 1000 ℃; the finish rolling finishing temperature is 800-880 ℃, and the deformation ratio is more than or equal to 5; and cooling the steel plate after the finish rolling to 550-680 ℃ by water, and coiling.
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