CN114762661A - 一种低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114762661A CN114762661A CN202110033559.4A CN202110033559A CN114762661A CN 114762661 A CN114762661 A CN 114762661A CN 202110033559 A CN202110033559 A CN 202110033559A CN 114762661 A CN114762661 A CN 114762661A
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- wax
- flexible bead
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- core material
- shell
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠。具体地,以水性凝胶类物质、增稠剂、海藻酸钠、保湿剂和水的胶液组合物形成的水凝胶作为壳层,以蜡、油脂、油性增稠剂和光敏感材料作为核壳结构柔珠的芯材,滴丸制备得到柔珠。在‑15℃的低温柔珠不会破裂,恢复到室温后个人护理用品通透性不会发生变化,对活性物质的保护作用不会降低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于个人护理领域,具体涉及一种制备低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,为了达到抗氧化,抵抗衰老,减少皱纹等目的,越来越多的活性物被添加到个人护理产品中,但是这些活性物大多对外界环境比较敏感,在化妆品中的使用条件比较严苛,空气、光线以及不合适的pH都可能使其变质,功效降低;因此,如何保护活性物质在化妆品中不变质是近年来护肤领域研究的热点,过去在护肤品中使用活性物通常会加入一些抗氧化剂、紫外线屏蔽剂或者对活性物改性以降低其受外界环境的影响,但是这些物质的加入或多或少会对皮肤产生刺激,滋生其他皮肤问题。近年来,人们开始尝试使用柔珠保护活性物质,专利CN201911336531.7公开一种核壳结构的柔珠,用于保护油溶性活性物,将活性物添加到柔珠芯材中,隔绝与氧气及其它物质的接触,壳层中也含有海藻酸钙等可以吸收紫外线的物质,对活性物起到很好的保护作用;同时,含有该柔珠的个人护理用品具有很好的观赏性,迪奥、香奈儿等知名化妆品公司已经推出含有柔珠的产品。然而,以此法制备的柔珠,将包含其的个人护理用品在放置-15℃的冰箱中,再恢复到室温后柔珠会破裂,活性物质流出,导致个人护理用品变浑浊,对活性物的保护作用降低,这一不足严重限制了其在低温地区的使用。因此,解决核壳结构柔珠低温稳定性对于其广泛地应用具有非常重要的意义。
CN200980152631.2公开了烃蜡和油相增稠剂用于提高水不混溶醚油/或水不混溶酯油或其混合物的粘度,以此制备止汗剂;CN201780069626.x公开了石蜡和聚乙烯蜡作为赋形剂制备微球控制活性药物成分的释放,在包裹精油时需要在精油中添加山嵛酸甘油酯以提高精油粘度。但是,不同的油相增稠剂对于不同的油脂增稠作用不同,有较强的选择性,并且在个人护理领域对原料的要求更加严格;同时蜡类物质触感较硬,加入到个人护理产品中会降低滑爽感。
因此,提高核壳结构的-15℃的低温稳定性,同时保证其有较好的滑爽感对于其应用有非常重要的意义。
发明内容:
本发明提供一种低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠及其制备方法。采用该方法制备的柔珠,芯层是含有蜡和油性增稠剂的油相,壳层是具有一定强度水凝胶。将该柔珠添加到水基的体系中能够实现油水分离,避免乳化剂的使用,提升产品观感,同时包含其的个人护理用品能够通过-15℃的低温测试,柔珠不会破裂,个人护理用品恢复到室温通透性不会发生变化,对光敏感材料的保护效果不会降低。
本发明为达到其目的,采用的技术方案具体如下:
一种低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠,包括壳层和芯材,所述壳层包括水性凝胶类物质、海藻酸钠、增稠剂、保湿剂和水,所述芯材包括蜡、油脂、油性增稠剂和光敏感材料。
作为优选的方案,本发明所述的壳层包括以下组成:基于壳层重量,水凝胶类物质0.1wt%-10wt%,优选0.4-3wt%;海藻酸钠0.01wt%-5wt%,优选0.1wt%-1wt%;增稠剂0.01wt%-5wt%,优选0.2wt%-1wt%;保湿剂1wt%-20wt%,优选3wt%-10wt%;水为70wt%-98wt%,优选86wt%-94wt%。
作为优选的方案,本发明所述的芯材包括以下组成:基于芯材重量,蜡5wt%-40wt%,优选10wt%-20wt%;油脂40wt%-80wt%,优选60wt%-80wt%;油性增稠剂5wt%-15wt%,优选为5wt-10wt%;光敏感材料0.1wt%-40wt%,优选1wt%-10wt%。
本发明所述柔珠中,基于柔珠重量,壳层含量为20-80wt%,优选的40-50wt%;芯材含量为20-80wt%,优选的50-60wt%。
本发明所述水性凝胶类物质是指其在加热条件下能溶解在水中,恢复到室温能形成水凝胶的物质,包括但不限于琼脂、卡拉胶、果胶,优选高强度纯化琼脂,合适的例子包括但不限于Biskanten TM。
本发明所述的壳层中的增稠剂为水溶性高分子增稠剂,包括但不限于丙烯酰胺二甲基牛磺酸铵/乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物(AVC)、黄原胶、淀粉、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、丙烯酸酯/C10-30烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物(U20,U21)、聚乙二醇、透明质酸钠中的一种或多种,优选AVC,AVC是一种合成的聚合物,在没有乳化剂的情况下具有很好的流变性和透明性,在个人护理产品中使用具有愉快的皮肤感觉和低粘稠感;更优选地加入高酰基结冷胶作为第二增稠剂,高酰基结冷胶除了增稠作用以外还可以可以提高壳层材料的弹性和保水性能。
作为一个优选的方案,所述的高酰基结冷胶的用量为0.01wt%-2wt%,优选0.05wt%-1wt%。
本发明所述的保湿剂包括但不限于甘油、丁二醇、丙二醇、己二醇、山梨糖醇和聚乙二醇一种或者多种,优选丁二醇和/或丙二醇。
本发明所述的蜡是指凝固点在15℃至120℃的动物、植物或矿物油脂,优选动物蜡或植物蜡,包括但不限于小烛树蜡、羊毛蜡、地蜡、孟丹蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、虫白蜡、蜂蜡、透明蜡、氢化棕榈仁油和鲸蜡中的一种或多种。动物蜡或植物蜡天然来源,在个人护理领域使用对皮肤无刺激,同时其含有更多的酯基、羟基、氨基等可以形成氢键的基团,和糊精棕榈酸酯增稠剂具有更好的协同作用。
本发明所述的油脂是指常温下为液态且在水中不溶解的物质,包括但不限于霍霍巴脂、辛酸癸酸甘油三酯(GTCC)、刺阿干树仁油、辛基十二醇橄榄油酸酯、圣约翰草油、聚二甲基硅氧烷、环五聚二甲基硅氧烷、苯基改性硅油、氨基改性硅油等一种或多种。
本发明所述的油性增稠剂包括但不限于糊精棕榈酸酯和/或硬脂酸菊粉,所述糊精棕榈酸酯包括但不限于棕榈酸糊精、棕榈酸/乙基己酸糊精。
与山嵛酸,谷氨酸及其它类油相增稠剂相比,糊精棕榈酸酯或硬脂酸菊粉与动物或植物蜡同时加入能更有效的提升柔珠的低温稳定性,具有协同作用,同时对其触感的改良效果更佳明显。糊精棕榈酸酯或硬脂酸菊粉与动物蜡或植物蜡,其协同作用机理主要体现在两个方面,首先,这两种类型的增稠剂中均含有分子链较长的烷基,烷基分子链在常温下容易结晶化,同时动物蜡或植物蜡中包含长链烷烃,也容易结晶化,这两种类型的增稠剂和动物蜡或植物蜡的长链烷基结晶化后排列规整,对体系的增粘作用加强;其次,动物蜡或植物蜡中也包含酯基、羟基等基团容易和糊精棕榈酸酯或硬脂酸菊粉分子间形成氢键,增强其增稠作用。
作为一个优选的方案,本发明所述的芯材中,油性增稠剂与蜡的质量比例为5/40-15/5,优选为5/20-10/10。
本发明所述光敏感材料包括维生素、光敏感探针、防晒剂中的一种或多种;所述维生素优选选自维生素A、维生素E、维生素D和维生素K中的一种或多种。
本发明所述光敏感探针优选选自标记氨基酸的极性敏感探针和/或电压敏感探针。
本发明所述芯材可以包括颜料,用于调整柔珠芯材的颜色,颜料指的是带颜色的油脂或者油溶性颜料,所述带颜色的油脂包括但不限于布里奇果油、玫瑰提取物、紫草油中的一种或多种,所述油溶性颜料包括但不限于CI 61565、CI 47000、CI 60725、CI 26100中的一种或多种。
本发明所述的芯材中还可以包括防晒剂,所述防晒剂选自二苯酮-3、二苯酮-4、4-丁基-4-甲氧基-二苯甲酰甲烷、4-甲基-4-乙氧基苯甲酰甲烷、双乙基己氧基苯酚、对甲氧基苯基三嗪、乙基己基三嗪酮、二乙氨羟苯甲酰基苯甲酸己酯、甲酚三唑三硅氧烷、苯基苯、甲基肉桂酸辛酯、甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯、水杨酸辛酯、N,N-二甲基对氨基苯甲酸辛酯、2-氰基-3,3二苯基丙烯酸辛酯、氰双苯丙烯酸辛酯、二乙氨羟苯甲酰基苯甲酸己酯、N,N-二甲基对氨基甲酸戊酯、邻氨基苯甲酸薄荷酯、水杨酸薄荷酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸苄酯、对氨基苯甲酸、对氨基苯甲酸甘油酯、乙基-4-双(羟丙基)氨基苯甲酸酯中的一种或多种。
本发明的核壳结构柔珠的芯材,在常温是粘稠状物质,加热粘度降低,可以通过滴丸机滴丸制备得到核壳结构的柔珠。
一种制备本发明所述柔珠的方法,包括以下步骤:壳层组分由胶丸机滴头的壳层进料,芯材组分由胶丸机的核层进料,壳层组分和芯材组分汇聚于没入循环油的胶丸机滴头,制备柔珠。
本发明所述的胶丸机是本领域公知的设备,其滴头由同轴的核层和壳层构成。核层滴头的内径为0.5-2cm,壳层滴头的内径为1-4cm。
本发明所述壳层组分的温度为50-100℃。
本发明所述芯材组分的温度为50-100℃。
优选的,滴丸速率为3—60滴每秒。
优选的,本发明所述循环油为液体石蜡或者5-50cps的二甲基硅油。
本发明所述循环油的温度为0-20℃。
本发明所述滴头的温度为50-100℃。
在胶丸机的滴头处,壳层组分位于壳层,芯材组分位于核层,壳层组分包裹芯材组分,优于胶丸机滴头没入循环油,此时壳层组分遇冷,从溶液状态变为凝胶状态,成为核壳结构柔珠。
进一步地,将柔珠置于氯化钙水溶液中,使海藻交联,再用纯水洗涤,得到包裹光敏感材料的核壳结构柔珠。
本发明所述的海藻酸钠(SA)是一种天然的亲水性生物多糖,是由α-L-古洛糖醛酸(G)和β-D-甘露糖醛酸(M)组成。SA可与二价或二价以上的金属阳离子反应,生成在高温下不可逆的凝胶,在本发明中使用氯化钙作为二价阳离子源,海藻酸钠与钙离子反应生成海藻酸钙,增强柔珠壳层强度。同时,海藻酸钙具有较好的生物降解性,并且海藻酸钙中的糖苷基团受到紫外光照射时会发生断裂,能吸收部分的紫外光,增强对柔珠包裹的活性物质的保护作用。
本发明提供了一种解决核壳结构柔珠低温稳定性的方案,通过在芯材中加入油性增稠剂和蜡类物质,两者具有协同作用,能使芯材粘度变大,在低温状态下流动性变差,热膨胀系数也变小,对壳层的挤压变轻,同时提高壳层的强度,实现柔珠在-15℃保持稳定;同时,油性增稠剂和蜡的加入还可以改变柔珠的触感,使其更加爽滑。以此法制备得到的核壳结构柔珠在低温下不会破裂,包含其的个人护理用品从低温恢复到室温后通透性不会发生变化,对活性物质的保护作用不会降低;同时,其在50℃也能保持稳定。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明的技术方案,下面结合实施例进一步阐述本发明的内容,但本发明的内容并不仅仅局限于以下实施例。
下面对实施例或对比例用到或可能用到的试剂及仪器进行介绍:
琼脂:Biskanten TM,青岛碧水寒天生物有限公司
结冷胶(高酰基):CP Kelco
丙烯酰胺二甲基牛磺酸铵/乙烯基吡咯烷酮(AVC)共聚物,克莱恩
海藻酸钠:青岛明月生物有限公司
丙二醇:帝凯姆
辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯(GTCC):禾大化学
10粘度聚二甲基硅氧烷(10-PDMS):湖南斯洛柯有机硅有限公司
糊精棕榈酸酯:千叶制粉株式会社
棕榈酸/乙基己酸糊精:千叶制粉株式会社
硬脂酸菊粉:千叶制粉株式会社
三山嵛精(Lipovol GTB):莱宝康日化有限公司
苯乙烯-乙烯/丙烯-(苯乙烯)(Kraton sep-1701):科腾聚合物有限公司
二丁基乙基己酰谷氨酸:日本味之素株式会社
维生素E:巴斯夫
透明质酸钠:华熙生物科技股份有限公司,分子量20-40万
卡波U20:路博润
甘油:宝洁(AR)
丁二醇:OXEA(AR)
三乙醇胺:西陇(AR);
乙二胺四乙酸二钠:西陇(AR);
苯氧乙醇:陶氏化学
辛甘醇:陶氏化学
紫外分光光度计:上海谱元Alpha1500
现将实施例配方汇总如表1,对比例配方汇总如表2。按照表1和表2所示各组分配比制备实施例1-12和对比例1-8的柔珠。
在以下的实施例和对比例中,基于100重量份的胶液组合物,将琼脂、结冷胶、AVC、海藻酸钠、丙二醇溶于90℃热水中,配成胶液组合物,作为壳层材料。
基于100重量份的芯材组合物,将油脂、蜡、油性增稠剂、维生素E混合加热至80℃,搅拌30min,作为芯材。
选择烟台百药泰的JW机器,将胶液组合物和芯材组合物分别倒入滴丸机的胶液罐和油罐中,设置胶液罐和油罐温度均为65-70℃,滴头加热温度为60-70℃,循环油选择10粘度和50粘度质量比为3:1的混合油,温度设置为12-17℃。滴丸速率设为20滴每秒。胶液组合物和芯材组合物的重量比为1:1,设置滴头粒径大小,制备得到不同粒径的柔珠。将柔珠由循环油过滤至0.5wt%的氯化钙水溶液中浸泡半个小时,再用纯水将柔珠冲洗5遍。
表1 实施例配方(组分的含量是以重量份计)
表2 对比例配方(组分的含量是以重量份计)
性能测试方法
基于100wt%柔珠精华外相,将5wt%甘油、2wt%丁二醇、2wt%丙二醇、0.2wt%三乙醇胺、0.2wt%卡波U20、0.2wt%透明质酸钠、0.2wt%苯氧乙醇、0.1wt%辛甘醇溶于水中,配置成精华的外相。将上述实施例及对比例中制备的柔珠基于柔珠和精华外相整体质量的5wt%加入到精华外相中制得个人护理用品。
(1)-15℃稳定性测试
将含有柔珠的个人护理用品在-15℃的冰箱中放置12h后取出,恢复到室温放置12h,再放到-15℃的冰箱中,重复三个循环,取出观察其透明度,将透明度分为1-5五个等级,以透明度最好的评分为5,透明度最差的评分为1;并取出一部分加入相同质量的纯水以降低粘度,以外相精华为参比,使用紫外分光光度计测试其在500nm的透过率。
(2)触感测试
基于柔珠和精华外相的整体质量,添加10%的实施例及对比例制备的柔珠至精华外相,使用弹簧泵头挤出50mg左右的样品涂抹于手背上,感觉料体料体涂抹过程中的爽滑感,从低到高依次分为1-5五个等级。
(3)活性物包裹率测试
在个人护理用品恢复到室温后,再将其放置在紫外光下6小时,加入等量的水稀释,过滤掉外相,将柔珠在研钵中捣碎,使用高效液相色谱测试维生素E含量。
表3 各实施例评价结果
表4 各对比例评价结果
由评价结果可以看出,同时本发明的柔珠在个人护理产品中能够通过-15℃稳定性测试,柔珠不会破裂,个人护理用品能保持透明,同时对活性物的保护作用较好,同时具有良好的爽滑感。只含有蜡或者棕榈酸糊精的柔珠在个人护理用品在-15℃的条件下不稳定,个人护理用品透明度会下降,对活性物的保护作用也较差。并且当棕榈酸糊精和蜡的质量比在0.125-3的范围内,两者的协同作用较好。另外,对比例中含有蜡和上述提到的其它油性增稠剂的柔珠的低温稳定性较差。由此可以看出,蜡和糊精类油性增稠剂具有协同作用,两者同时加入能够提高柔珠在-15℃的稳定性以及触感,增强对活性物质的保护作用,具有意料不到的效果。
Claims (10)
1.一种低温稳定的核壳结构柔珠,包括壳层和芯材,所述壳层包括水性凝胶类物质、海藻酸钠、增稠剂、保湿剂和水,所述芯材包括蜡、油脂、油性增稠剂和光敏感材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的壳层包括以下组成:基于壳层重量,水凝胶类物质0.1wt%-10wt%,优选0.4-3wt%;海藻酸钠0.01wt%-5wt%,优选0.1wt%-1wt%;增稠剂0.01wt%-5wt%,优选0.2wt%-1wt%;保湿剂1wt%-20wt%,优选3wt%-10wt%;水为70wt%-98wt%,优选86wt%-94wt%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的芯材包括以下组成:基于芯材重量,蜡5wt%-40wt%,优选10wt%-20wt%;油脂40wt%-80wt%,优选60wt%-80wt%;油性增稠剂5wt%-15wt%,优选为5wt-10wt%;光敏感材料0.1wt%-40wt%,优选1wt%-10wt%。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的柔珠,其特征在于,基于柔珠重量,壳层含量为20-80wt%,优选的40-50wt%;芯材含量为20-80wt%,优选的50-60wt%。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的油性增稠剂包括糊精棕榈酸酯和/或硬脂酸菊粉,所述糊精棕榈酸酯包括棕榈酸糊精、棕榈酸/乙基己酸糊精中的一种或两种。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的蜡是指凝固点在15℃至120℃的动物、植物或矿物油脂中的一种或多种,优选动物蜡或植物蜡中的一种或多种,更优选小烛树蜡、羊毛蜡、地蜡、孟丹蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、虫白蜡、蜂蜡、透明蜡、氢化棕榈仁油和鲸蜡中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的芯材中,油性增稠剂与蜡的质量比例为5/40-15/5,优选为5/20-10/10。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的壳层中的增稠剂包括水溶性高分子增稠剂,优选包括丙烯酰胺二甲基牛磺酸铵/乙烯基吡咯烷酮共聚物、黄原胶、淀粉、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、丙烯酸酯/C10-30烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物、聚乙二醇、透明质酸钠中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的柔珠,其特征在于,所述的壳层中的增稠剂还包括高酰基结冷胶;所述的高酰基结冷胶的用量为0.01wt%-2wt%,优选0.05wt%-1wt%,基于壳层重量。
10.一种制备权利要求1-8任一项所述柔珠的方法,包括以下步骤:壳层组分由胶丸机滴头的壳层进料,芯材组分由胶丸机的核层进料,壳层组分和芯材组分汇聚于没入循环油的胶丸机滴头,制备柔珠。
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